Discussion on Abnormal Corrosion and Material Selection of Hot Iron Ladles with Steel Scrap Addition

The abnormal corrosion of hot iron ladles was investigated.The performance,the composition and the structure of bricks for hot iron ladles were analyzed.The results show that(1)compared with the alumina-silicon carbide-carbon bricks for the ladle bottom,those for the ladle wall have more pyrophyllite and the Al2O3 content of 36.32 mass%;their bulk density,apparent porosity and cold compressive strength are lower than the requirement of industry standard;they have poor anti-oxidation performance and are oxidized to form a porous layer during service,which loosens the brick lining structure thus leading to fracture,local wear and structural damage of bricks;(2)without preheating,steel scraps are not completely melted,resulting in slag or steel attachment at the mouth or the bottom of ladles thus increasing damage of ladles;(3)and the residual bricks react with the attached slag to form low melting point phases affecting their hot properties.The refractories for the lining of hot iron ladles must be improved in combination with process changes,not entirely by raw materials replacement to reduce costs.

Clinical effects of digital acupoint pressure combined with hot ironing for scapulohumeral periarthritis in Zhuang medicine

目的:观察壮医点穴配合壮医药物热熨治疗肩周炎的临床疗效.方法:160例肩周炎患者被随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各80例.治疗组采用壮医点穴配合壮医药物热熨治疗,每天1次,4周为1个疗程;对照组采用中频治疗仪,每天1次,4周为1个疗程.治疗1个疗程后,分析比较两组治疗前后肩关节疼痛评分变化、肩关节周围炎评分变化及临床有效率.结果:治疗4周后,肩关节疼痛评分:治疗组3.49±0.98,对照组5.33±1.26,(P<0.05);肩关节周围炎评分:治疗组73.24±7.20,对照组60.71±10.46,(P<0.05);治疗组有效率86.25%,对照组有效率63.75%,(P<0.05).结论:壮医点穴配合壮医药物热熨治疗肩周炎能减轻患者肩关节疼痛、明显改善肩关节活动功能.

Effect of Hot Deformation on Formation and Growth of Thermal Fatigue Crackin Chromium Wear Resistant Cast Iron

The formation and growth of thermal fatigue crack in chromium wear resistant cast iron was investigated, and the effect of hot deformation on the crack was analyzed by means of optical microscope and scanning electron microscope and high frequency induction thermal fatigue tester. The results show that eutectic carbide is the main location and passage for initiation and extension of thermal fatigue cracks, hot deformation can improve the eutectic carbiders morphology and distribution, inhibit the generation and propagation of thermal fatigue cracks. In the experiment, the propagation rate of thermal fatigue crack reduces with the quantity of hot deformation increasing, which was analyzed in the point view of the activation energy of crack propagation.

Study on the Thermal Fatigue Behavior of Hot Deformed Wear Resistance Cast Iron and Effect of Carbide

The thermal fatigue behavior of wear resistance cast iron with different quantity of deformation has been investigated. The results show that eutectic carbide is the main location and passage for initiation and extension of thermal fatigue cracks, approving that the more serious, the carbide breaks. The higher thermal fatigue resistance of wear resistance cast iron will be and thermal fatigue fracture belongs mainly to brittleness.

Application of carbon composite iron ore hot briquette to innovative ironmaking process

As a new type of ironmaking raw materials,carbon composite iron ore hot briquette(CCB) is the product of fine iron ore and fine coal by hot briquetting process.On basis of experimental research on the manufacturing and metallurgical properties of CCB,this study focused on the application of CCB to blast furnace ironmaking and newly-developed shaft furnace smelting reduction processes.Firstly,the metallurgical properties of CCB are experimentally tested and compared with the common iron-bearing burdens.Then,the effects of charging CCB on blast furnace operation are numerically analyzed by means of multi-fluid blast furnace model,and the flowchart and pilot test of CCB-Shaft furnace smelting reduction process are briefly introduced.

Formation and Growth of Granular Carbides in Multiple Alloying Wear Resistant Cast Iron Containing RE Through Hot Deformation

The granular carbides formed from hot deformation in multiple alloying wear resistant cast iron were studied through the observation by means of optical microscope, SEM and TEM. The experimental results show that carbides with large size are formed from original short rhabdoid carbides existing in cast, those with small size directly nucleate in the matrix. Carbides with the size between the above are formed from precipitation induced by hot deformation. The bigger the deformation is, the larger the number of microsized granular carbides is. The mechanisms of nucleation and growth of granular carbides and the function of RE were discussed.

Effect of binder on the properties of iron oxide sorbent for hot gas desulfurization

The most difficult problem in hot gas desulfurization in Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle （IGCC） is the pulverization of sulfur removal sorbents.Appropriate binders for hot gas sulfur removal sorbents can solve the pulverization problem.In this paper,six sorbents with binders of different argillaceous minerals were prepared by mechanical mixing method.Desulfurization behavior for hot gas desulfurization sorbents was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor.Result showed that sorbent NTKW2 with binder of clay had a better sulfidation performance.NTKW2 had a more stable performance than other sorbents in the continuous sulfidation-regeneration cycles.Sulfur capacity of sorbent remained the same in each cycle.The desulfurization efficiency and mechanical strength of NTKW2 were the best among the tested sorbents.The behavior of NTKW2 at different temperatures showed different performances,and the best reaction temperature was 550 ℃.Higher heat stability,sulfur capacity and desulfurization efficiency were found on NTKW2 in six continuous sulfidation-regeneration cycles.

Effect of Cooling Rate after hot Deformation on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Low Alloy Wear Resistance Cast iron

The effect of cooling rate after 40% hot deformation on structure and mechanical properties of low alloy wear resistance cast iron was investigated by metallographic, scanning electron microscopes and detection of properties. The results show that for the cast steel after deformed, the amount of granular carbides of precipitation during the cooling decreased with the increase of the cooling rate, but the hardness was obviously enhanced, as a result, better mechanical properties will be obtained by force air cooling(cooling rate is about 7 ℃·s-1). And the reason of the change for structure and mechanical properties of the cast steel were analyzed.

Effect of Cooling Rate on Structure and Properties of Wear-Resistant Low Chromium Cast Iron after Hot Deformation

The effect of cooling rate on structure and properties of wear-resistant low chromium cast iron after 40% hot deformation was investigated by metallographic and scanning electron microscope. The results show that the cooling rate is closely related to the structure and properties, and for the cast iron, the best comprehensive mechanical properties were obtained by forced air cooling with a cooling rate as about 7 ℃/s. The reason and regularity for the change of mechanical properties were analyzed.

Welding Effect at the Heat Affected Zone by Joining a Gray Cast Iron with Stainless Steel E308-16

Different investigations of the union of dissimilar materials such as stainless steel and different castings have been carried out, but rapid cooling immediately after welding has not been considered, in this work it was investigated how rapid cooling affects the metallurgical microstructure and consequently the mechanical properties. The effect of welding parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint between dissimilar metals, an E-308-16 austenitic stainless steel and Gray Cast Iron was also analyzed. Gray cast iron samples (GCI) were fabricated, welded and cooled. The main welding parameters studied in this work are the welding technique and the type of filler electrodes. Flux-coated electrode E-308-16 was applied for this different joint. An experimental study was carried out for the analysis of welded joints of similar and dissimilar steels. The microstructure of the welded joints was analyzed using an optical microscope, in the base metals, heat affected zone (HAZ) and filler metal. The mechanical properties of the welded joints were evaluated by Vickers microhardness and tensile strength tests. The hardness profile showed differences in hardness between the base metals, the heat affected zone and the filler metal. The metallurgical microstructures observed along the welded areas corresponded to the profile. The hardness differences determined the effect on the mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of the welded samples as a result of the cooling rate differences. This research work is important because it allows us to analyze the possibility of reworking pieces of dissimilar materials by welding or, failing that, to determine if this may or may not be possible.

添加热压铁块对宝钢2号高炉生产的影响

为了探索减少高炉碳排放的新途径,在宝钢2号高炉进行了添加热压铁块工业试验。从炉况顺行、煤气流、透气性、煤气发生量、热制度、渣比、日产量、CO_(2)排放量等方面,阐述了添加热压铁块对2号高炉生产的影响。热压铁块比加到60kg/t后的结果表明:①随着热压铁块比的提升,炉况顺行得到改善,入炉品位提高,燃料比大幅降低,产量提升,取得了明显的增产降耗效果;②焦比由基准期的415kg/t降至353kg/t,燃料比从514kg/t降至最低488kg/t;③富氧率提升至4.255%,利用系数达到2.181t/(m^(3)·d),日产量较基准期提高5.9%。

基于炼钢过程钢包折铁的研究与实践

通过对现有炼钢工艺过程研究,介绍了顶底复吹转炉出钢后铁水再兑入的实践应用。生产流程通过对转炉出钢成分、温度及出钢量的提前控制,根据转炉来铁的铁水成分及温度,计算铁水再兑入量,以保证钢液的化学成分及温度达标,同时满足现场生产节奏。实践结果表明,利用转炉出钢后铁水再兑入的方式,可有效利用铁水中的热量、各元素含量高等优势条件,实现炼钢钢种目标成分达成及降低物料消耗,有明显的经济效益。

竹圈姜灸联合中药热熨在慢性非特异性腰痛病人中的应用

目的:探究竹圈姜灸联合中药热熨对慢性非特异性腰痛病人的疗效。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年1月我院收治的88例慢性非特异性腰痛病人,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各44例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予竹圈姜灸联合中药热熨护理。比较两组护理4周后的护理有效率及护理前、护理4周视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分。结果:护理4周后,观察组总有效率高于对照组;VAS评分、ODI评分、PSQI评分低于护理前及对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:竹圈姜灸联合中药热熨可缓解慢性非特异性腰痛病人的疼痛感,改善其腰椎功能及睡眠质量,提高其护理效果。

宽筋散热熨治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折经皮椎体成形术后残留腰背痛的疗效

目的:观察并分析宽筋散热熨治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)经皮椎体成形术(PVP)后残留腰背痛的临床疗效。方法:纳入2021年3月—2023年8月在我院就诊的PVP术后仍然残留有腰背痛的OVCF患者80例,按照随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组均40例。对照组口服碳酸钙D3片与阿法骨化醇片,治疗组在对照组基础上加用宽筋散热熨治疗,两组疗程均为4周。观察两组治疗前后视觉模拟疼痛(VAS)评分、腰椎日本骨科协会评估(JOA)评分、血液流变学指标(全血低切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数)、骨密度(左侧股骨颈、左侧桡骨远端)、骨代谢指标[骨钙素(BGP)、Ⅰ型胶原氨基端延长肽(PINP)、β-胶原特殊序列(β-CTX)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶-5b(TRAP-5b)]水平变化,同时进行临床疗效和安全性评价。结果:治疗后,两组较治疗前的VAS评分、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数、β-CTX及TRAP-5b水平均明显降低(P<0.05);而腰椎JOA评分、骨密度(BMD)、BGP及PINP水平均明显升高(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组VAS评分、腰椎JOA评分、血液流变学指标、BMD及骨代谢指标水平均优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组、观察组总优良率分别为85.00%、52.50%,治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组均未发生胃肠道反应、过敏、头晕及皮肤烫伤等不良反应。结论:宽筋散热熨治疗OVCF患者PVP术后残留腰背痛的临床疗效良好,可显著改善临床症状、血液流变学指标、BMD及骨代谢相关指标水平。

砭石熨摩中药透入法联合推拿治疗气滞血瘀型腰椎间盘突出症继发坐骨神经痛疗效研究

目的:观察砭石熨摩中药透入法联合推拿治疗腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)继发坐骨神经痛的疗效。方法:选取LDH继发坐骨神经痛患者68例,以随机数表法纳为研究组(n=34)与对照组(n=34)。给予对照组推拿治疗,研究组在其基础上联合砭石熨摩中药透入法治疗,比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后的中医症候积分、视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)、日本骨科协会系统(JOA)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分、腰椎关节活动度及血清学指标[白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]水平。结果:治疗后研究组疗效总有效率为91.18%,高于对照组的70.59%(P<0.05)。研究组中医症候积分较对照组低(均P<0.05)。治疗后两组VAS、ODI评分及IL-6、TNF-α水平较治疗前低,且研究组低于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗后两组JOA评分、前屈度、后伸度较治疗前增加,且研究组高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:砭石熨摩中药透入法联合推拿治疗老年LDH继发坐骨神经痛的临床疗效确切,能显著减轻患者的疼痛程度,且有助于改善腰椎功能与炎症因子水平。

中药热熨联合温灸治疗仪护理对产后宫缩痛的影响

目的探究中药热熨联合温灸治疗仪护理对产妇产后宫缩痛的影响。方法将天津市中西医结合医院2021年1月—2022年8月收治的102例产后宫缩痛产妇随机分为2组,51例对照组给予常规护理,51例观察组给予中药热熨联合温灸治疗仪护理,比较2组宫缩痛情况以及护理满意度。结果观察组护理第1天、第2天及第3天产后宫缩痛VAS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),产后宫缩痛持续时间短于对照组(P<0.05),发作次数少于对照组(P<0.05);护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论中药热熨联合温灸治疗仪护理在产后宫缩痛产妇康复中应用效果较好,可缓解宫缩痛,减少其发作次数,并缩短疼痛持续时间,并有利于护理满意度的提升,值得在临床护理中推广。

综合护理联合子午流注中药热熨对妇科腹腔镜术后疼痛综合征的作用

目的分析综合护理联合子午流注中药热熨对妇科腹腔镜术后疼痛综合征的作用。方法选择120例腹腔镜术后疼痛综合征患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。对照组采用综合护理,观察组采用综合护理联合子午流注中药热熨干预。对比两组患者的疼痛评分、疼痛缓解效果、护理满意度及住院时间。结果首次干预及干预3次后,观察组疼痛评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组疼痛缓解总有效率为95.00%,明显高于对照组的83.33%(P<0.05)。观察组护理满意度为96.67%,明显高于对照组的86.66%(P<0.05)。观察组住院时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论综合护理联合子午流注中药热熨干预,可改善妇科腹腔镜术后患者的腰酸腰痛症状,促进其快速康复,缩短住院时间,值得临床推广使用。

酸洗汽车结构钢表面色差成因探究及工艺优化

针对酸洗汽车结构钢SAPH370表面出现的下表面条带状色差缺陷,通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜分析缺陷热轧基板氧化铁皮结构及酸洗后微观形貌可知,带钢表面粗糙度差异是造成表面色差的直接原因。结合热轧辊表面状态可知,下表面条带状色差缺陷产生的主要原因是精轧工作辊下辊比上辊辊面氧化膜剥落更严重,辊面状态的差异遗传至热轧基板,最终造成酸洗后表面粗糙度差异。通过优化轧制温度、轧辊换辊周期及轧制润滑工艺等,可以有效消除色差缺陷。

热轧Q235B钢翘皮缺陷特征及形成机制研究

翘皮缺陷是热轧Q235B带钢常见的典型表面缺陷之一,具有分布无规律性且深度较浅等特征,严重影响热轧带钢产品的表面质量。采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱仪相结合的方法对热轧Q235B带钢翘皮缺陷成因进行了研究分析,并提出了改进措施。结果表明,产生翘皮缺陷的主要原因包括钢坯表面产生裂纹,裂纹处氧化铁皮未除净,Si及Mn的二次氧化物与氧化铁皮在后续轧制过程中被带入钢板表面,部分结晶器卷渣进入铸坯表面。通过采取保护浇铸、优化浸入式水口插入深度、稳定拉坯速度及控制轧制过程中高压除鳞时的表面洁净等措施,可有效降低翘皮缺陷发生率。