Long-term performance of recycled asphalt mixtures containing high RAP and RAS

The application of reclaimed asphalt pavement(RAP)and reclaimed asphalt shingles(RAS)on asphalt pavement can reduce the asphalt paving cost,conserve energy and protect the environment.However,the use of high contents of RAP and RAS in asphalt pavement may lead to durability issues,especially the fatigue cracking and thermal cracking.It is necessary to conduct a series of analyses on asphalt mixtures containing high RAP and RAS,and seek methods to enhance their long-term performance.This paper provides a comprehensive over-view of the long-term performance of recycled asphalt mixtures containing high contents of RAP and RAS.The findings in this research show that rutting resistance of high recycled asphalt mixtures is not a concern,whereas their resistance to fatigue and thermal cracking is not conclusive.Recycling agents can be used to improve the thermal cracking resistance of high recycled asphalt mixtures.An optimum decision on recycling agents will improve the durability properties of high recycled asphalt mixtures.It is recommended that to use a balanced mixture design approach with testing of the blended asphalt binders will provide better understanding of long-term performance of recycled asphalt mixtures containing high RAP and RAS.

Influence of Hydrodynamic Pore Pressure Damage on the Performance of Hot-Mixed Renewable Asphalt Mixture

For evaluating the water stability of hot-mixed renewable asphalt mixture(HRM),the traditional methods are all tested under still water conditions.Except for damage in still water conditions,the hydrodynamic pore pressure generated by the tire driving on the surface water has a great impact.Thus,the RAP contents of the HRMs were designed at 0%,30%,45%and 60%with AC-25 gradation.Then,the self-designed evaluation methods of water stability and dynamic modulus were studied.Finally,the mechanism of the influence of hydrodynamic pore pressure damage on HRMs was studied.The results show that the water stability of HRM containing 30%RAP is equivalent to that of 45%RAP,and the water stability of HRM containing 60%RAP decreases significantly.The Contabro test after MIST treatment can be used as an evaluation method for hydrodynamic pore pressure damage on HRM.Low-speed,heavy-load traffic and larger RAP content have greater damage to the mixture after hydrodynamic pore pressure damage.The performance differences between the aged bitumen and pure bitumen,as well as the aged minerals and new minerals,are continuing to be enlarged in hydrodynamic pore pressure conditions,finally affecting the water stability and dynamic modulus of the HRMs.

On the Use of Recycled Asphalt and Trinidad Lake Asphalt(TLA)for the Preparation of High Modulus Asphalt Concrete

Rutting of asphalt pavement occurs earlier and is more serious under the increasingly heavy traffic load conditions that can be found in subtropical monsoon climate regions.High modulus asphalt concrete(HMAC)with excellent anti-rutting and anti-fatigue properties is generally used to mitigate this issue.Given the relatively high cost of the additives used in this type of asphalt,in this study the feasibility of using recycled asphalt mixture(RAP)and Trinidad lake asphalt(TLA)for the preparation of HMAC is considered.The mineral composition of the RAP is first analyzed,then the TLA modified asphalt with different levels of RAP content is used to assess the effect of RAP on the performance of the mixture.Finally,the high-temperature rheological properties of extracted bitumen and the adhesion characteristic between mineral and bitumen are analyzed.The results show that after RAP combustion,the yellowish and greyish minerals display different alkalinity values,while the greyish mineral exhibits an improved ability to combine with bitumen.Thus,RAP can significantly enhance the high-temperature rutting resistance of TLA modified asphalt mixtures.The aged bitumen in RAP makes the mixed binder harder and improves its rheological properties at high temperatures.

Asbestos Tailings as Aggregates for Asphalt Mixture

To use many asbestos tailings collected in Ya-Lu highway,and to explore the feasibility of using asbestos tailings as aggregates in common asphalt mixtures,and properties of some asphalt mixtures were evaluated as well.X-ray diffraction （XRD）,X-ray fluorescent （XRF）,and atomic absorption spectrophotometry （AAS） were employed to determine the solid waste content of copper,zinc,lead,and cadmium.Volume properties and pavement performances of AC-25 asphalt mixture with asbestos tailings were also evaluated compared with those with basalt as aggregates.XRD and XRF measurement results infer that asbestos tailing is an excellent road material.Volume properties of AC-25 asphalt mixture with asbestos tailings satisfied the related specifications.No heavy metals and toxic pollution were detected in AAS test and the value of pH test is 8.23,which is help to the adhesion with asphalt in the asphalt concrete.When compared with basalt,high temperature property and the resistance to low temperature cracking of AC-25 asphalt mixture was improved by using asbestos tailings as aggregates.In-service AC-25 asphalt pavement with asbestos tailings also presented excellent performance and British Pendulum Number （BPN） coefficient of surface.

Application and Research on Plant-Mixed Thermal Regeneration Technology of RAP Asphalt Mixtures

When the plant-mixed thermal regeneration technology is adopted for the waste asphalt pavement mixtures,its performance can basically reach the level of freshly-mixed asphalt concrete,which can be used for paving the middle and lower layers of road pavements of various grades.Through the research and application of plant-mixed thermal regeneration technology based on China's Kunming-Yuxi Expressway Pavement Overhaul Project,this paper summarizes relevant technical points and effectively advocates the promotion and application of this technology in highway maintenance.

不同RAP掺量下热再生沥青混合料性能衰变规律

本文采用自主研发的全寿命分析仪对沥青混合料分别进行0、4、8、12个月的模拟老化,采用冻融劈裂试验、动态蠕变试验和半圆弯曲试验,研究不同RAP掺量下热再生沥青混合料长期老化后各项性能的衰变规律.结果表明:在12个月模拟老化后,RAP掺量为30%时沥青混合料的流变次数达到最大,RAP掺量的提高使得TSR衰减幅度变大且断裂能下降.50%RAP掺量时再生料TSR衰减幅度比新拌料大7.9%,流变次数和断裂能较新拌料分别减少38.6%和61.7%.长期老化作用下RAP掺量对沥青混合料疲劳寿命衰减的影响不明显,但会降低其应力敏感性.

Use of recycled concrete aggregates in asphalt mixtures for pavements:A review

Large quantities of natural aggregates(NA)are required in the manufacturing of asphalt mixtures for pavements.The extraction of NA generates high environmental impacts that negatively affect environmental preservation and conservation.Diverse alternative materials obtained in construction and demolition processes in civil construction worked have been studies as possible replacements for NA,with the purpose of reducing these environmental impacts.The foregoing study presents a state of knowledge review referring to the use of recycled concrete aggregates(RCA)when these are used in the manufacturing of asphalt mixtures(mainly hot-mix asphalt HMA type).Environmental aspects are presented,as well as possible benefits and limitations of using RCA as replacements for NA in asphalt mixtures.However,it is not possible to establish a behavior pattern,since the characteristics of the RCA are very heterogeneous and vary from the original source of the concrete.It is highlighted from the literature that RCA has a wide potential for use in the manufacture of asphalt mixtures,since in most studies,the mixtures with these materials comply the quality requirements contemplated by the construction specifications,mainly in low-volume roads.Additionally,based on the literature review,some recommendations and suggestions are presented for future research.

水反应型全比例冷再生沥青混合料的路用性能研究

针对常规热拌再生沥青混合料应用时工序繁杂的问题,采用再生AC-20C矿料级配制备了水反应型全比例冷再生沥青混合料、热拌再生沥青混合料和泡沫沥青再生混合料,并对比了3种再生沥青混合料的性能。研究结果表明:水反应型全比例冷再生沥青混合料的性能优于泡沫沥青再生混合料,接近热拌再生沥青混合料。水反应型全比例冷再生沥青混合料7 d的马歇尔稳定度和动稳定度分别可达9.52 kN、4 228次/mm,其水稳定性能、低温抗裂性能和疲劳耐久性能均满足现行施工技术规范对热拌沥青混凝土的要求。随着时间的推移,反应型稀释剂与固化剂的交联络合反应会持续进行,水反应型全比例冷再生沥青混合料的物理力学性能也会持续增强。

基于改进多点支撑骨架状态模型的热再生沥青混合料配合比设计

由于就地热再生旧料(Reclaimed asphalt pavement,RAP)的异同性,目前还没有对设计热再生沥青混合料的最合适方法达成共识。因此,通常基于符合高速公路法规中马歇尔沥青混合料设计方法进行设计,这并不能保证充分地利用RAP且需要大量的时间和劳动成本。本工作通过改进多点支撑骨架状态模型提出了一种热再生沥青混合料配合比的设计方法,设计了四种不同RAP掺量下的热再生沥青混合料;然后通过高温车辙试验、浸水马歇尔试验、冻融劈裂试验、小梁弯曲试验和间接拉伸疲劳试验测试不同RAP掺量下的新方法设计的高温稳定性、水稳定性、低温抗裂性和疲劳耐久性等路用性能,并与沥青玛蹄脂(Stone mastic asphalt,SMA)热再生沥青混合料进行对比。结果表明:新方法设计热再生沥青混合料的高温稳定性较SMA提升了10%左右;水稳定性增强了1%~2%;而低温抗裂性有些许的下降,但仍满足规范要求;在RAP掺量小于40%时,新方法设计的热再生沥青的疲劳寿命和SMA相当,当RAP掺量大于40%时,新方法设计的热再生沥青疲劳寿命显著降低;因此确定了新方法设计的最大粒径为16 mm的热再生沥青混合料的最佳RAP掺量为40%左右。

再生粗骨料沥青混合料的动态黏弹性特性研究

再生骨料是一种将建筑垃圾中的混凝土块等废料加工而成的再生产品,它可以替代部分天然骨料加入沥青混合料中铺筑路面,有助于减少对天然石材的开采,降低沥青路面的成本。为了研究再生粗骨料沥青混合料的黏弹性特征,针对4种取代率的再生骨料沥青混合料,采用不同频率和温度下的动态模量试验,通过Sigmoid函数建立动态模量和相位角的主曲线,探究再生骨料的掺量(0%、17%、37%、56.7%)对AC-20沥青混合料动态黏弹性特性的影响变化。研究结果表明:在相同频率、相同温度下随着再生骨料掺量的增加,沥青混合料的动态模量减小,这种现象在低温高频条件下表现得更为明显。低温和常温条件下(–10、5、20℃),沥青混合料的相位角随着再生骨料掺量增大而减小,随着频率增加而减小,在中高温条件下再生骨料掺量的变化对沥青混合料相位角的影响规律并不统一。通过动态黏弹性拟合参数结果分析发现Sigmoid模型的拟合参数变化趋势与再生掺量增幅之间存在着较大的相关性。该研究聚焦于道路工程中建筑垃圾资源化利用的环保设计需求,可为建筑垃圾应用于道路养护工程提供试验参考,可作为教学案例应用于工程领域的研究生课程。

RAP掺量对温再生沥青混合料力学性能和路用性能的影响规律研究

温再生技术是一种有效的利用沥青混合料回收料(RAP)实现再生的新技术。为改善温再生沥青路面性能,有效提高RAP的循环利用率,通过力学性能和路用性能分析考察了RAP掺量对温再生沥青混合料性能的影响规律,探讨动稳定度与重复加载蠕变试验力学参数的相关性。研究结果表明:随着RAP掺量的增加,温再生沥青混合料的高温稳定性、抗剪切和抗弹性变形能力提高,但低温抗裂性能、水稳定性能有所下降。此外,流动数与动稳定度之间具有较好的线性相关性,可以借助流动数评价混合料的高温抗车辙能力;相同RAP掺量下,改性温再生沥青混合料的各项性能均优于普通温再生沥青混合料,当RAP掺量达70%时,混合料各项性能仍能满足规范要求,可为后期工程应用和质量控制提供依据。

基于响应曲面法确定玄武岩纤维热再生沥青混合料最佳配合比

在进行沥青混合料配合比设计时,由于掺加两种或两种以上掺合物时,采用马歇尔试验法或正交试验法进行沥青混合料配合比存在不足,为了确定沥青混合料最佳配合比,通过基于响应曲面法中的BBD(Box-Behnken design)法对级配类型AC-13掺加玄武岩纤维、RAP的热再生沥青混合料进行级配优化设计。结果表明,计算优化得出最佳油石比为5.17%、旧料掺量RAP为31.89%及玄武岩纤维掺量0.26%。并通过试验对预测模型进行验证,预测值与实测值模型之间相对误差较小(小于3%),可见BBD法建立的二阶模型具有较好的拟合效果,对再生沥青混合料各掺量配合比设计能进行有效优化,并且最佳各掺量下的玄武岩纤维热再生沥青混合料具有良好的路用性能。

沥青路面全深式水泥稳定冷再生混合料性能研究

在半刚性基层沥青路面结构性养护设计中,将基层旧料和沥青路面旧料混合冷再生作为一种低碳工程技术。为探讨冷再生基层旧料和沥青路面旧料的不同比例混合料强度规律,本文以现场取回的沥青层RAP料和基层RBM料为原材料,在调查面层和基层料比例的基础上,就沥青混合料强度进行研究。选择了三种面层和基层混合料比例,以五种水泥掺量占比进行不同种类混合料的无侧限抗压强度试验,得出了其抗压强度的规律。综合考虑混合料强度与稳定性、经济性,采用33∶67的面基层用料比例较优;水泥掺量在5%~8%时随着水泥用量的增加再生混合料的强度增长较快,建议水泥掺量大于5%。

基于Superpave法和平衡设计法热再生沥青混合料性能优化设计

沥青混合料回收利用是路面养护中旧料有效利用的方式。我国目前主要采用马歇尔设计方法进行热再生沥青混合料配合比设计,但该方法的指标体系与实际性能缺乏关联性。为解决这一问题,引入了国外设计沥青混合料的方法(Superpave法和平衡设计法)进行热再生沥青混合料设计。根据不同沥青混合料回收料掺量、再生剂制备了9种再生沥青混合料。通过开展汉堡车辙试验、半圆弯拉试验和冻融劈裂试验研究了沥青混合料的抗车辙、抗开裂和水稳定性能。试验结果表明基于Superpave法确定的最佳沥青含量制备的再生沥青混合料抗裂性能无法满足规范要求。其中,芳香烃再生沥青混合料对改善抗开裂性能效果最佳。将平衡设计法用于热再生沥青混合料设计可获得高性能的热再生沥青混合料,各项性能均满足规范要求,为我国热再生沥青混合料的广泛应用提供了一种设计方法。

考虑颗粒结团的热再生沥青混合料均匀性评价

文中开展筛分试验获取颗粒结团质量,基于CT扫描识别再生沥青混合料内部特征结构,以质量和胶浆组分面积为主要特征参数,建立了考虑颗粒结团程度的热再生沥青混合料均匀性评价方法.同时,通过在筛分试验中设置不同的RAP颗粒粒径和RAP掺量比,以及在CT扫描中设置不同的拌和时间和拌和温度,以探究不同影响因素对再生沥青混合料颗粒结团和均匀性的影响规律.结果表明:颗粒结团比例随着RAP颗粒粒径的增加呈下降趋势,40%RAP掺量比的颗粒结团程度最高;拌和时间对旧沥青胶浆均匀性影响显著,对新沥青胶浆均匀分布无明显影响;在一定拌和时间内,提高拌和温度可以降低颗粒结团程度,减少旧沥青胶浆实现均匀分布所需时间.

不同养生龄期下VAE改性乳化沥青冷再生混合料的路用性能

乳化沥青冷再生技术应用于道路工程时,常因养生龄期的限制和冷再生混合料自身水稳定性不足导致出现各种路面病害。以提高冷再生混合料的水稳定性为出发点,采用一种新型的改性剂醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物(VAE)对乳化沥青进行改性;探究VAE改性乳化沥青冷再生混合料在较长养生期间其路用性能的变化规律,以普通乳化沥青冷再生混合料为参照,采用干湿劈裂试验、冻融劈裂试验、20℃肯塔堡飞散试验、车辙试验和-10℃弯曲试验综合分析VAE改性乳化沥青冷再生混合料的路用性能,并从微观角度分析VAE改性乳化沥青冷再生混合料性能提升的机理。试验与分析结果表明:养生3~7 d是乳化沥青冷再生混合料发育形成强度的关键阶段;无论从水稳定性、抗剥落性方面还是高低温性能方面,VAE改性乳化沥青混合料的各项性能均优于普通乳化沥青冷再生混合料,具有推广应用价值。

100%RAP的废机油-乳化沥青冷再生沥青及混合料性能试验

基于100%RAP再生率,采用废机油预润再生老化沥青,并对其进行三大指标和红外光谱试验,同时对其混合料进行干湿劈裂试验、冻融试验及马歇尔稳定度试验,以评价其力学及水稳性能。试验结果表明:废机油可以在三大指标上使老化沥青接近新沥青,但掺量过高会导致软化点过低,使冷再生混合料性能降低;红外光谱表明废机油具有降低亚砜基和羰基极性官能团指数的作用;经过废机油预润再生后,RAP表面老化沥青初步激活,与乳化沥青更好的粘结,可提高混合料的强度及水稳性能;废机油掺量为10%的乳化沥青再生混合料性能较差,这与废机油过量有关。

乳化沥青冷再生混合料疲劳性能及机理分析

乳化沥青冷再生混合料的抗疲劳开裂性能会影响沥青路面结构层整体服役寿命。为了评价不同增强方式下乳化沥青冷再生沥青混合料的疲劳性能,以普通乳化沥青、外掺玄武岩纤维和SBR改性乳化沥青这3种冷再生混合料为研究对象,开展了乳化沥青冷再生混合料中梁试件的四点弯曲疲劳试验,建立了3种乳化沥青冷再生沥青混合料的疲劳方程,揭示了疲劳过程中动态弯拉模量和累积耗散能的演化规律。采用扫描电镜试验获取了乳化沥青冷再生混合料疲劳破坏界面的微观形貌。试验结果表明:动态弯拉模量衰减至初始模量的70%~80%即可能发生断裂。动态弯曲劲度模量比κ越小、累积耗散能越大,疲劳性能越好。SBR改性乳化沥青和外掺玄武岩纤维均可以改善乳化沥青冷再生混合料的抗疲劳性能。SEM试验揭示了乳化沥青冷再生混合料的抗疲劳性能增强机理。研究成果可为乳化沥青冷再生混合料的抗疲劳性能提升及其耐久性设计提供参考。

水泥代替矿粉对热拌再生沥青混合料的路用性能影响

以再生沥青混凝土AC-20为研究对象,用水泥分别替代各级配矿粉用量成型试件,通过马歇尔实验、冻融劈裂试验和低温劈裂试验研究水泥替代矿粉对沥青混凝土高温稳定性、水稳定性和低温稳定性的影响规律。试验结果表明水泥用做填料具有一定的优越性,能够提高沥青混凝土的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性,对提高沥青混凝土的路用性能,降低工程造价具有重要的意义。研究成果可为废旧沥青混合料的再生利用提供一定的参考。

RAP掺量对热再生沥青混合料高温性能的影响

为研究不同旧料(RAP)掺量对热再生沥青混合料高温性能的影响,采用动态蠕变试验方法,分别对旧料掺量在20%~70%之间的普通沥青AC-20再生料和改性沥青AC-13再生料进行高温性能评价。结果表明,与新料相比,添加了RAP的两种再生混合料的高温抗车辙性能明显提高,且在RAP掺量为40%时,高温性能达到最佳并趋于稳定。而添加再生剂并不能改善再生料的高温抗车辙性能。在RAP掺量相同时,AC-13改性沥青再生混合料的高温性能较AC-20普通沥青再生混合料更优;但在RAP掺量为40%时,两者的性能相近。可将掺加40%旧料的AC-20普通沥青再生料用于中面层,改善其高温性能。