Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease among Hotel Workers, Bohicon, Benin

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the increase in several sectors of activity. The aim of the study was to determine the frequencies of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and factors associated with hypertension among hotel workers in the city of Bohicon. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted in the period from December 2018 to January 2019. The variables studied were sociodemographic, occupational, anthropometric and behavioral. Participant recruitment was exhaustive. A standardized questionnaire inspired by the STEPS-WHO questionnaire was used for data collection. After the descriptive analysis, a bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson’s Chi-square test or Fisher’s test at the 5% threshold. Results: A total of 101 workers, 53 (52.47%) of them male, participated in the study. The mean age was 30.60 ± 8.20 years, with extremes of 18 and 55 years. The frequencies of the main risk factors were: 68.32% sitting position > 6 hours/day;38.61% shift work;21.78% high psychological demand, 82.18% low decision latitude, 24.75% low social support, 21.78% occupational stress;7 (6.93%) harmful alcohol consumption;6.93% tobacco consumption;48.51% insufficient physical activity;98.02% insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption;59.41% overweight;14.85% HTA. Factors associated with hypertension were: sex, age and marital status. Conclusion: Occupational factors need to be taken into account when assessing CVRFs. NCD control programs are needed in all sectors of activity. A larger study is needed in the hotel sector.

Strategic Planning Practices of Hotels in Kenya

This study broadens perspectives of strategic planning procedures in hotels by analyzing hotel managers’perspectives on hotel strategy formulation and planning.The study was a descriptive quantitative study that targeted managers from various Kenyan hotels.180 questionnaires were returned from a sample of 280 hotel managers who had attended management development programs at a hospitality school.The primary goal of the study was to analyze two aspects of the strategic planning process:strategy formulation and strategic planning.The findings revealed that hotels in Kenya have developed methods and are keen on scanning their external environments.However,with the product offerings being so comparable,competitive analysis played an important role in the context.Creating a unique or specialty offering was not a popular option for most hotels.Cost-cutting was the most favored strategic inclination to achieve desired results.The balanced scorecard was underutilized in the sector.While managers were involved in the strategic planning process,other lower cadre employees were not,they were provided with the targets for the hotels’organizational goals to be achieved.The findings reveal that with similar products and services,the industry creates a hostile business climate with fierce rivalry and must invest in the most obvious alternative of cost reduction to survive.Alternative product innovation is not common in this industry for developing a differentiation approach that allows a property to control a market.

The Logic and Innovative Practice of Hotel Management Talent Training in the New Era

In the context of the new era,people’s material living standards have improved and the public’s demand for spiritual life experience is more vigorous,the hotel industry has also ushered in the development of the peak period,and the demand for high-quality hotel management professionals is increasing.The cultivation of hotel management professionals needs to adapt to the transformation and upgrading of the hotel industry.Based on the study of the development status and new challenges faced by hotel management education in the new era,this article explores the logic and innovative practice of cultivating hotel management professionals from the aspects of strengthening the construction of hotel management disciplines,constructing new models of talent cultivation,reforming educational concepts,and reshaping the teaching content system.It aims to provide guidelines for the cultivation of hotel management professionals in Chinese universities.

Exploring Efficient Salary Management Systems:A Case Study of Hefei Yusheng Hotel Management Co.,Ltd.

The issue of brain drain poses a significant obstacle to the development of the hotel and catering industry.Attracting and retaining skilled personnel to engage in management within this sector has emerged as a primary challenge.This paper examines the current landscape of China’s catering service industry and its salary management system,identifying key challenges encountered in salary management within the industry.Drawing upon salary management theory and insights into existing challenges,the paper proposes specific treatment measures and management strategies.

基于Hotelling模型的铁路保价运输与铁路货运保险协同发展策略分析

加强运输风险防控、提高服务质量是我国铁路货运高质量发展的必然要求。2015年中国铁路财产保险自保有限公司正式成立并逐步推出了铁路货运保险产品,新产品与铁路保价运输存在竞合关系,如何确定铁路保价运输、铁路货运保险以及商业货运保险的关系成为保障铁路货物运输安全、提高铁路运输服务质量的关键问题之一。基于Hotelling模型,构建铁路保价运输与国内货运保险竞争、铁路保价运输与铁路货运保险协同后再与商业货运保险竞争2种情况下的竞合模型并对比收益情况。研究表明,铁路保价运输与铁路货运保险协同发展并推出一体化协同产品能增加铁路运输企业收益,协同后铁路保价运输的收益与一体化协同产品利润分配比、铁路保价运输成本、铁路货运保险成本、铁路保价和铁路货运保险的产品替代率有关。同时,提出加快铁路保价保险协同发展进程、推出一体化协同产品、探索铁路保价运输与铁路货运保险协同发展平衡点、提高铁路货运保险在国内货运保险市场中的份额4条协同发展策略。

基于Hotelling模型品牌效应视域下传统在位企业和跨界数字企业的竞争策略研究

针对数字经济对传统经济的冲击,构建了一个传统在位企业和一个跨界数字企业之间的竞争模型,并讨论在位企业和数字企业的博弈均衡策略。研究发现,品牌延伸是数字企业跨界入市的占优策略。面对跨界入市的数字企业,传统在位企业议价能力较低时,应根据新产品价值、与原产品和数字企业产品的相似度选择以品牌延伸或新品牌方式推出新产品参与竞争;否则应根据数字企业产品价值的高、低水平依次选择并存式、冷藏式的收购策略更优。

Assessment of the Implementation of Energy Conservation Opportunities Arising from Energy Audits;A Study of Four-Star and Five-Star Hotels in Nairobi Kenya

This study assesses the implementation of energy conservation opportunities in four-star and five-star hotels in Nairobi. The Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the Hospitality Industry. Currently, there is a growing inclination to furnish guests with superior and sustainable services in an energy-efficient and eco-friendly way. Comprehensive research was conducted from energy audits gathered from the establishments and contracted auditing companies, on top of this, hotel staff were given digital questionnaires. To add to the data, the researcher surveyed the hotels with engineering managers. The Energy Audits found that all 10 hotels had adopted Energy Conservation Opportunities (ECOs). After further analysis, the mean adoption rate of Energy Conservation Opportunities (ECOs) during the past three years was 55.83%, which was below the aim of 100%. According to studies, hotel staff manages energy to cut costs. The researcher found that hotels use up a lot of energy. However, they have conservation potential, depending on government policies, costs, ease of implementation, and management commitment to sustainable practices. Essentially, Energy Conservation Opportunities (ECOs) reduce energy expenditures and boost reliable revenues, especially during high energy prices and uncertainty.

基于Hotelling模型的电机以旧换新模式及定价策略研究

为了提高电机迭代,吸引消费者主动参与逆向物流,文中基于Hotelling模型,构建由零售商和第三方平台组成的双渠道供应链,同时引入消费者价格敏感度,研究不同供应链主导者模式下最优以旧换新价格及消费者的渠道偏好。研究表明:单位距离成本增加,零售商和第三方平台与消费者博弈选择提高以旧换新价格,单位距离成本对消费者零售商渠道选择具有负影响,因此零售商还需考虑选址问题;只有当消费者价格敏感度之差较小,单位距离成本较大时,消费者偏好才会处于双方均衡的状态,反之,消费者会明显偏好于零售商渠道;零售商作为供应链主导者时,供应链总体利润最高,此时消费者对零售商和第三方平台偏好相当,市场处于稳定状态。文中的研究结论对电机迭代供应链具有一定的指导意义。

Development of a Comparison Based Hotel and Resort Booking System in Bangladesh

With the rise of population and the industrial revolution, it is obvious that hotels and resorts are increasing drastically day by day. In the 21st century, tourism is a trend. Everyone loves to travel and the reasons vary from person to person. Whether it is to have a cheerful and peaceful mind and place or business purposes, either way, hotels and resorts actually doing their jobs very well. This, tourism is a promising sector for any country and Bangladesh is no different. But the problem is we have to do the hotel booking and reservation manually most of the time. Sometimes it is too troublesome and knowing about the suitable hotels and resorts is too difficult. Though there are some online platforms available, they are not our country-oriented such as the payment system is not preferable for us. To solve this problem Vhromon is developed, a comparison-based hotel and resort booking system where anyone can book a hotel or resort by just login from the internet. Vhromon is an interactive online platform and it is user-friendly and easy to get like most of the platforms available nowadays. But they do not have all the hotels and resorts enlisted, only the well-known ones. On the other hand, Vhromon has everything enlisted where customers can compare them and can choose the right one for them. Furthermore, this system has a vendor panel where any hotel or resort owner can add their hotel or resort easily without any hassle, unlike the existing one.

基于改进Hotelling模型的新运输通道定价和补贴策略:以西部陆海新通道为例

在既定的区域货运市场内,为快速扩大新运输通道的受众范围,与既有运输通道形成合理的区域货运格局,考虑不同货物时间价值差异及政府补贴的重要作用,构建改进Hotelling模型分析新运输通道与既有运输通道之间的博弈关系,讨论新运输通道运营商的最优定价策略和地方政府的最佳补贴策略。以西部陆海新通道中重庆至新加坡及重庆至汉堡的运输通道为例进行实证分析,结果表明:在重庆至新加坡的货运市场中,政府以市场份额为目标时应对电子元件等高时间价值货物提供补贴,政府以社会福利最大为目标时应对橡胶塑料制品等低时间价值货物提供补贴;在重庆至汉堡的货运市场中,政府对笔记本电脑等高时间价值货物提供补贴会带来最佳收益。

An Ensemble-Based Hotel Reviews System Using Naive Bayes Classifier

The task of classifying opinions conveyed in any form of text online is referred to as sentiment analysis.The emergence of social media usage and its spread has given room for sentiment analysis in our daily lives.Social media applications and websites have become the foremost spring of data recycled for reviews for sentimentality in various fields.Various subject matter can be encountered on social media platforms,such as movie product reviews,consumer opinions,and testimonies,among others,which can be used for sentiment analysis.The rapid uncovering of these web contents contains divergence of many benefits like profit-making,which is one of the most vital of them all.According to a recent study,81%of consumers conduct online research prior to making a purchase.But the reviews available online are too huge and numerous for human brains to process and analyze.Hence,machine learning classifiers are one of the prominent tools used to classify sentiment in order to get valuable information for use in companies like hotels,game companies,and so on.Understanding the sentiments of people towards different commodities helps to improve the services for contextual promotions,referral systems,and market research.Therefore,this study proposes a sentiment-based framework detection to enable the rapid uncovering of opinionated contents of hotel reviews.A Naive Bayes classifier was used to process and analyze the dataset for the detection of the polarity of the words.The dataset from Datafiniti’s Business Database obtained from Kaggle was used for the experiments in this study.The performance evaluation of the model shows a test accuracy of 96.08%,an F1-score of 96.00%,a precision of 96.00%,and a recall of 96.00%.The results were compared with state-of-the-art classifiers and showed a promising performance andmuch better in terms of performancemetrics.

An impact assessment of the COVID‑19 pandemic on Japanese and US hotel stocks

This study proposes two new regime-switching volatility models to empirically analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hotel stock prices in Japan compared with the US,taking into account the role of stock markets.The first model is a direct impact model of COVID-19 on hotel stock prices;the analysis finds that infection speed negatively affects Japanese hotel stock prices and shows that the regime continues to switch to high volatility in prices due to COVID-19 until September 2021,unlike US stock prices.The second model is a hybrid model with COVID-19 and stock market impacts on the hotel stock prices,which can remove the market impacts on regime-switching volatility;this analysis demonstrates that COVID-19 negatively affects hotel stock prices regardless of whether they are in Japan or the US.We also observe a transition to a high-volatility regime in hotel stock prices due to COVID-19 until around summer 2021 in both Japan and the US.These results suggest that COVID-19 is likely to affect hotel stock prices in general,except for the influence of the stock market.Considering the market influence,COVID-19 directly and/or indirectly affects Japanese hotel stocks through the Japanese stock market,and US hotel stocks have limited impacts from COVID-19 owing to the offset between the influence on hotel stocks and no effect on the stock market.Based on the results,investors and portfolio managers should be aware that the impact of COVID-19 on hotel stock returns depends on the balance between the direct and indirect effects,and varies from country to country and region to region.

Is pass‑through of the exchange rate to restaurant and hotel prices asymmetric in the US?Role of monetary policy uncertainty

This study examines the exchange rate pass-through to the United States(US)restaurant and hotel prices by incorporating the effect of monetary policy uncertainty over the period 2001:M12 to 2019:M01.Using the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag(NARDL)model,empirical evidence indicates asymmetric pass-through of exchange rate and monetary policy uncertainty.Moreover,a stronger pass-through effect is observed during depreciation and a negative shock in monetary policy uncertainty,corroborating asymmetric pass-through predictions.Our results further show that a positive shock in energy prices leads to an increase in restaurant and hotel prices.Furthermore,asymmetric causality indicates that a positive shock in the exchange rate causes a positive shock to restaurant and hotel prices.We found feedback causal effects between positive and negative shocks in monetary policy uncertainty and positive and negative shocks in the exchange rate.Additionally,we detected a one-way asymmetric causality,flowing from a positive(negative)shock to a positive(negative)shock in energy prices.Therefore,these findings provide insights for policymakers to achieve low and stable prices in the US restaurant and hotel industry through sound monetary policy formulations.Highlights.The drivers of restaurant and hotel business in tourism destinations are examined.There is asymmetric pass-through of exchange rate and monetary policy uncertainty.A stronger pass-through is observed during appreciation and a negative shock to monetary policy uncertainty.There is asymmetric causality from positive shock in exchange rate to postive shock in restaurant and hotel prices.

The Effects of Job Insecurity, Emotional Exhaustion, and Met Expectations on Hotel Employees’ Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Test of a Serial Mediation Model

There are a plethora of empirical pieces about employees’pro-environmental behaviors.However,the extant literature has either ignored or not fully examined various factors(e.g.,negative or positive non-green workplace factors)that might affect employees’pro-environmental behaviors.Realizing these voids,the present paper proposes and tests a serial mediation model that examines the interrelationships of job insecurity,emotional exhaustion,met expectations,and proactive pro-environmental behavior.We used data gathered from hotel customer-contact employees with a time lag of one week and their direct supervisors in China.After presenting support for the psychometric properties of the measures via confirmatory analysis in LISREL 8.30,the abovementioned linkages were gauged using the PROCESS plug-in for statistical package for social sciences.The findings delineated support for the hypothesized associations.Specifically,emotional exhaustion and met expectations partly mediated the effect of job insecurity on proactive pro-environmental behavior.More importantly,emotional exhaustion and met expectations serially mediated the influence of job insecurity on proactive pro-environmental behavior.These findings have important theoretical implications as well as significant implications for diminishing job insecurity,managing emotional exhaustion,increasing met expectations,and enhancing ecofriendly behaviors.

Mediation Effect of Employee Training on Implementation of Hotel Environmental Management Practices for Hotel Business Sustainability in Tanzania

The study assessed the mediation effect of employee training on implementation of hotel management practices for hotel business sustainability in Tanzania.Study was conducted in two cities Arusha and Dar es Salaam whereby a structured questionnaire with Likert scale range from one to five was used to collect information from the sample of 400 hotels’managers.The findings of the hypothesis indicate that two hypotheses were significant at significant at p<0.001 and one was not significant.The first hypothesis found that environmental management practice has positive effect on business sustainability highly significant at p<0.001.The second hypothesis was that there was positive relationship between environmental management practices and employee training at highly significant of p<0.001 and was accepted.Third hypothesis was that employee training has no mediation effect on the hotel business sustainability whereby p>0.05 hence rejected.It was also found the direct effect was significance at p<0.01 while indirect effect was not significance at p>0.05 and total effect was significance at p<0.01.It was concluded that,employees’training does not mediate the implementation of hotel environmental management practices for sustainability of hotel business in Tanzania.

Modern Hotel Buildings in Guangzhou

Hotel buildings as important components of modern commercial buildings in Guangzhou City were originated from foreign hotel buildings, and urged the transition of national hotels to western advanced hotel buildings by applying western architectural styles, architectural science and management. This paper sorted out the development history of modern hotel buildings in Guangzhou City, summarized the features to provide references for the development of modern hotel buildings and protection and research of antique hotel buildings in Guangzhou.

Research on the Development of Green Hotels in the Context of Low Carbon Tourism

With the continuous implementation of national measures related to carbon neutrality strategy,the concept of a low-carbon economy has been deeply rooted in people’s hearts.Low-carbon tourism has gradually become an inevitable trend,and the tourism industry is also undergoing orderly transformation and upgrading.To promote the sustainable development of the tourism industry,the tourism and hotel industry should also shift towards a low-carbon and green model.Hotel activities can easily bring related environmental issues,such as energy consumption,garbage generation,ecological pollution,etc.Therefore,building a green hotel will bring huge social and economic benefits to the low-carbon tourism industry.This article will address the above issues and take a low-carbon economy as the starting point,proposing sustainable development strategies and suggestions for green hotels from both the internal and external environment of the hotel,creating a low-carbon management atmosphere,and promoting the low-carbon operation of the green hotel industry.

基于扩展Hotelling模型的企业竞争策略研究

通过将纵向差异引入到二次函数运输成本下的Hotelling模型中,研究具有不同质量、网络外部性、兼容性和转移成本的2个垄断厂商的竞争策略。首先,进行选址;然后,进行价格竞争的完全信息动态博弈,得到产品具有横向差异和纵向差异的2个垄断厂商市场竞争的均衡策略,推广了Hotelling模型的结论;最后,在选择横向差异最大化的情况下,分析了一般市场竞争策略,在无纵向差异条件下分别讨论了不同网络效用系数、兼容性和转移成本对市场竞争策略的影响。

基于Hotelling模型的双寡头免费增值策略竞争分析

软件产品的经验性和强网络效应使得企业往往依靠免费的基础产品积聚人气,再通过收费的增值产品或服务来盈利。现有免费增值策略相关研究多局限于垄断情况,对多个企业之间的竞争交互鲜有探讨。基于产品网络效应和消费者偏好差异,本文构建Hotelling模型研究了双寡头企业免费增值策略博弈均衡及其影响因素。结果表明:若网络效应相对较强,企业都应采用免费增值策略;若网络效应相对较弱,都不采用;若网络效应相对处于中等水平,存在"都不采用"和"都采用"两种可能的均衡结果,但前者情况下双方企业都能获得更大利润。另外,消费者对企业之间的水平差异越敏感,对免费版本的质量要求越高,企业采用免费增值策略的动力越弱,"都不采用"区域扩大,而"都采用"区域缩小。

具有Stackelberg博弈和网络外部性的扩展Hotelling模型

在具有不对称网络外部性的Hotelling模型中,引入Stackelberg博弈价格均衡。在放松厂商定位必须局限于消费者分布空间的假设后,相比较于传统的Nash博弈价格均衡结果,厂商通过Stackelberg价格博弈中可以选择更大的产品差异性,市场先进入者在均衡价格、市场份额和利润方面比后进入者具有先动优势。当网络效用系数相同时,市场先进入者所获得价格、市场份额和利润都大于其Nash均衡时所获得结果;市场后进入者所获得市场份额小于其Nash均衡的结果,但其价格和利润则根据网络效用系数的不同而变化。