On the Adaptability Range, Self-Selection, and Economic Nature of Biological Evolution

This article employs a combined approach of biology and economics to reveal that biological evolution has an economic nature, evolving towards improved energy efficiency. The orthodox Darwinian theory of evolution describes evolution as the random variation of organisms and their survival through natural selection. In fact, the natural environment itself is a constantly changing context, and the strategy to adapt to this change is to enhance behavioral capabilities, thereby expanding the range and dimensions of behavior. Therefore, the improvement of behavioral capabilities is an important aspect of evolution. The enhancement of behavioral capabilities expands the range of adaptation to the natural environment and increases the space for behavioral choices. Within this space of behavioral choices, some options are more effective and superior to others;thus, the ability to select is necessary to make the improved behavioral capabilities more beneficial to the organism itself. The birth and development of the brain serve the purpose of selection. By using the brain to make selections, at least the “better” behavior will be chosen between two alternatives. Once the better behavior yields better results, and the organism can associate these results with the corresponding behavior, it will persist in this behavior. The persistent repetition of a behavior over generations will form a habit. Habits passed down through generations constitute a new environment, causing the organism’s genes to activate or deactivate certain functions, ultimately leading to genetic changes that are beneficial to that habit. Since the brain’s selection represents the organism’s self-selection, it differs from random variation;it is also a rational selection, choosing behaviors that either obtain more energy or reduce energy consumption. Thus, this evolution possesses an economic nature.

Application and Adaptability of Ornamental Grasses in Road Flower Borders in Hefei, Anhui Province

In-depth research was conducted on the types,seasonal patterns,spatial levels,overwintering,summering,drought resistance,and disease and pest resistance of ornamental grasses in the road flower borders of Hefei,Anhui Province.Through field investigations,a total of 36 ornamental grasses were identified,with Liliaceae having the most species and the Lamiaceae the least.The results show that there are more warm season ornamental grasses,of 23 species;Acorus gramineus and Melinis minutiflora have poor overwintering ability;Arrhenatherum elatius,Festuca glauca,and Stipa tenuissima have poor summer tolerance;most ornamental grasses have strong drought resistance and resistance to pests and diseases.The comprehensive investigation shows that ornamental grasses have good application prospects and adaptability in the road flower borders in Hefei city.

Change in self-image pressure level before and after autologous fat breast augmentation and its effect on social adaptability

BACKGROUND There is an increasingly strong demand for appearance and physical beauty in social life,marriage,and other aspects with the development of society and the improvement of material living standards.An increasing number of people have improved their appearance and physical shape through aesthetic plastic surgery.The female breast plays a significant role in physical beauty,and droopy or atrophied breasts can frequently lead to psychological inferiority and lack of confidence in women.This,in turn,can affect their mental health and quality of life.AIM To analyze preoperative and postoperative self-image pressure-level changes of autologous fat breast augmentation patients and their impact on social adaptability.METHODS We selected 160 patients who underwent autologous fat breast augmentation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 using random sampling method.The general information,selfimage pressure level,and social adaptability of the patients were investigated using a basic information survey,body image self-assessment scale,and social adaptability scale.The self-image pressure-level changes and their effects on the social adaptability of patients before and after autologous fat breast augmentation were analyzed.RESULTS We collected 142 valid questionnaires.The single-factor analysis results showed no statistically significant difference in the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score of patients with different ages,marital status,and monthly income.However,there were significant differences in social adaptability among patients with different education levels and employment statuses.The correlation analysis results revealed a significant correlation between the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score before and after surgery.Multiple factors analysis results showed that the degree of concern caused by appearance in selfimage pressure,the degree of possible behavioral intervention,the related distress caused by body image,and the influence of body image on social life influenced the social adaptability of autologous fat breast augmentation patients.CONCLUSION The self-image pressure on autologous fat breast augmentation patients is inversely proportional to their social adaptability.

Contraction of Heat Shock Protein 70 Genes Uncovers Heat Adaptability of Ostrea denselamellosa

The milin oyster Ostrea denselamellosa is a live-bearing species with a sharp decline in the natural population.Unlike other oysters,O.denselamellosa lives in the subtidal zone and its adaptability to heat,salinity,etc.is different from most other oys-ters.Heat shock proteins 70(HSP70)are a family of conserved ubiquitously expressed heat shock proteins which are produced in re-sponse to stressful conditions,especially heat.In this study,we identified Hsp70 genes through bioinformatic analysis in five species of oyster.Among them,O.denselamellosa holds the fewest number of Hsp70 genes,which may be one of the reasons why O.den-selamellosa cannot tolerate high temperatures.The conserved motifs and gene structures of Hsp70B2 sub-family and other types of Hsp70 in O.denselamellosa were different from that of Hspa12 sub-family,which may be due to performing necessary multiple phy-siological functions.Transcription profile analysis for Hsp70 genes of O.denselamellosa indicated that gills play an important role in responding to multiple external challenges.In addition,synteny analysis of Hsp70 genes among O.denselamellosa,O.edulis and Cras-sostrea ariakensis showed that Hsp70 genes in genus of Ostrea genome might have evolved from a common ancestor with genus of Crassostrea.In short,our results lay the foundation for further investigation of the evolution of O.denselamellosa Hsp70 genes and heat adaptability.

Relationship between family cohesion/adaptability and postpartum depressive symptoms:A single-center retrospective study

BACKGROUND Depression is the most common mental illness in postpartum mothers,and the etiology of postpartum depression remains poorly understood.Over the past several decades,studies have reported that postpartum depression is caused by multiple factors,such as genetic,psychological,pregnancy,and environmental factors,with the family environment being an important environmental factor.The theory of family cohesion and adaptability put forward by Olson is a classic model that describes the level of family function.However,to date,this model has not been examined regarding its applicability to patients with postpartum depression.AIM To investigate the relationship between family cohesion and adaptability and the risk of postpartum depressive symptoms.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 1446 patients admitted to the postpartum healthcare clinic of the Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital from April 2021 to December 2021.Patients were grouped according to whether postpartum depression symptoms were reported(symptoms,n=454;no symptoms,n=992).All patients completed the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and the Chinese version of the Family Cohesion and Adaptability Assessment Scale II.Baseline and clinical data were compared between groups.Univariate regression analysis was used to investigate the association between different types of family cohesion and postpartum depressive symptoms and the association between different family adaptability types and postpartum depressive symptoms.RESULTS After adjusting for age,education,occupation,gravidity,parity,and mode of delivery,disengaged[adjusted odds ratio(AOR)=3.36,95%CI:1.91-5.91],and separated(AOR=1.97,95%CI:1.34-2.90)family cohesion types showed a higher risk of postpartum depression than the connection type,whereas the enmeshed type(AOR=0.38,95%CI:0.28-0.51)protected against postpartum depressive symptoms.Rigid(AOR=4.41,95%CI:3.02-6.43)and structured families(AOR=1.88,95%CI:1.34-2.63)had a higher risk of postpartum depressive symptoms than flexible families,whereas chaotic families(AOR=0.35,95%CI:0.24-0.51)protected against postpartum depressive symptoms.CONCLUSION Family cohesion and adaptability are influencing factors for postpartum depressive symptoms,with higher family cohesion and adaptability being associated with a lower risk of postpartum depressive symptoms.

Study on Adaptability of Introduced Pear Varieties

[Objectives]To study the adaptability of introduced pear.[Methods]Five pear varieties,"Aidang"pear,"Taiwan Zaomi"pear,"Cuiguan"pear,"Tianjin Yali"pear and"Zaosheng Xinshui"pear,were introduced.Then,using these five varieties,the phenology of pear trees,various characters of fruit,stress resistance(heat tolerance and cold tolerance)of varieties were studied.[Results]The plants of 5 varieties of pear trees grew fast and were robust;in late March,it went into the flowering period;"Aidang"pear fruit had a certain number of stone cells;"Taiwan Zaomi"pear had the highest sweetness;"Cuiguan"pear had the largest fruit;these five varieties of pear trees had good water resistance,heat resistance and cold resistance.[Conclusions]This study can provide a reference for the introduction of pear trees,and can also provide a practical basis for the large-scale planting of pear trees.

Effects of sports on school adaptability, resilience and cell phone addiction tendency of high school students

BACKGROUND Sport help promote healthy physical and mental development of high school students.To date,there have been few studies on the effect of sport on school adaptability,resilience and cell phone addiction tendency of high school students.AIM To explore the effects of sports on school adaptability,resilience and cell phone addiction of high school students.METHODS A stratified random sampling method was used to select 600 students from two high schools in Lhasa,and Physical Activity Rating Scale,School Adjustment Scale for High School Students,Chinese Adolescents Resilience Scale,and Mobile Phone Addiction Index were used for field questionnaire survey.RESULTS Sport was positively correlated with school adaptability and resilience(P<0.01),school adaptability was positively correlated with resilience(P<0.01)and cell phone addiction was negatively correlated with sports,school adaptability and resilience(P<0.01).The direct effect of sport on cell phone addiction was significant(P<0.001),accounting for 20.51%of the total effect.The mediating effect of school adaptability on sport and cell phone addiction was significant(P<0.001),accounting for 17.38%and 35.36%of the total effect value,respectively.School adjustment and resilience had a significant chain-mediated effect on sport and cell phone addiction(P<0.001),accounting for 26.75%of the total effect.CONCLUSION Sport affected the cell phone addiction tendency of senior high school students through the mediating effect of school adaptability and resilience,and through the chain mediation effect of both.

Optimization Strategy for Passive Form Design of Architectural Grey Space under the Background of Climate Adaptability

Taking the bottom grey space with great influence on outdoor thermal comfort as the research object,this paper summarizes the morphological characteristics and climate response methods of two types of bottom grey space:overhead grey space and canopy grey space.The spatial form indexes that greatly affect the ecological performance of architectural grey space such as ventilation,shading,etc.are discussed,and two passive spatial form indexes of spatial scale and location orientation are studied.According to the research of related scholars and literature summary,the optimization strategies for passive form design of architectural grey space based on climate adaptability are put forward,which will provide a reference for the climate adaptive design of architectural grey space,and helps to improve the outdoor thermal environment from the micro scale and create a better living environment.

Adaptability analysis and optimization of log suite for uncased wellbores of shale gas reservoirs:A case study of Sichuan Basin,China

Significant progress has been made in the exploration and development of unconventional gas resources in China since the beginning of the 21st century.With a rapid increase in yield,the exploration and development of shale gas have been upgraded to a level of national strategy.Logging is one of the core technologies in gas exploration and development.However,logging technologies face the challenges of complex geological conditions and well casing environment,high temperature,high pressure,and strong heterogeneity.Despite the rich experience accumulated,unified understanding and implementation specifications are yet to be established for shale gas well logging.Given the analysis and comparison of the effectiveness and adaptability of logging technologies at different stages of shale gas exploration and development for the Sichuan Basin,this study optimizes the log suite to meet the demand for highefficiency exploration and development of shale gas.According to the adaptability analysis of shale gas log suite,the mandatory logging items of exploratory wells should include caliper log(CAL),natural gamma ray spectrometry(NGS)log,spontaneous potential(SP)log,directional survey,borehole compensated sonic log,litho-density log(LDL),compensated neutron log(CNL),dual laterologmicrospherically focused log/dual induction-laterolog log/array induction log,temperature log,elemental capture spectroscopy(ECS)log,formation microimager(FMI)log,and array sonic log.The log suite of appraisal wells is almost the same as that for exploratory wells,excluding the ECS log and microresistivity scanning imaging.Meanwhile,for the logging of horizontal/highly-deviated holes,the log suite of vertical wells should be referred to according to specific well conditions.

Operations Improvement Function and Organisational Adaptability of Petroleum Tank Farms in South-South, Nigeria

The study examined the nexus between operations improvement function (dimensioned by contingency planning, benchmarking and continuous improvement processes) and organisational adaptability of Petroleum tank farms in South-South, Nigeria. The contingency theory and the theory of routine dynamics underpinned the study, and positivism was the underlying philosophy. The study adopted the cross-sectional survey through the use of questionnaire. 820 middle and top-level managers constituted the elements of the population, and the Krejcie & Morgan’s formula was used to determine the sample size of 262 respondents. Structural Equation Modeling was deployed to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. The results showed that contingency planning;benchmarking and continuous improvement processes all have a significant positive relationship with organisational adaptability of Petroleum tank farms in South-South, Nigeria. The study concludes that Petroleum tank farms’ operations should focus on the adoption of contingency planning, benchmarking and continuous improvement processes to enhance organisational adaptability. Therefore, it is recommended that the management of Petroleum tank farms should put in place mechanisms to advance continuous improvement processes by allocating the necessary amount of resources, such as energy, time and money, in order to promote the continuous development of the continuous improvement systems. Furthermore, managers of Petroleum tank farms should make better the adoption of contingency planning, ensuring that there is as much necessary training and information for employees on how to act during a crises situation, in order to evaluate safety and prepare in advance for recovery from disasters.

智慧教育平台的适应性服务框架和实施路径探析

适应性服务是智慧教育平台生态建设和运维机制创新的关键环节,其核心理念是基于“效率”和“反馈”来推进资源服务。典型平台的调研发现,平台服务呈现从帕累托效率转向适应性效率,以及从评价式反馈转向适应性反馈的趋势。适应性效率特征、反馈特征是构建适应性服务框架的基础性要素;应当结合高响应率、服务结果高适配率以及资源建设低成本策略等指标,进而构建服务目标、过程和结果的全链路反馈,目标是实现资源服务的个性化适配。在实践环节推进智慧教育平台的适应性服务工作,一是需建立数据收集、用户状态智能感知的机制;二是可依托知识图谱、推荐算法和引入预训练大模型,推进教学资源动态适配;三是应当将知识、资源和用户认知特征有机联系,助力资源重组和复用。

LCC-MMC混合三端直流输电系统送端交流故障下的不间断运行协调控制策略

为实现基于电网换相换流器与模块化多电平换流器(LCC-MMC)的混合三端直流输电系统送端交流故障下的直流低电压穿越,提出兼顾传输容量与响应速度的自适应电压协调控制策略及有功功率分配策略。在维持故障期间功率续传的前提下,定量分析了模块化多电平换流器(MMC)的降压值以减少传输功率的绝对值损失量,并设计MMC根据本地直流电流偏差快速减投子模块总数的降压方式;考虑到半桥型MMC的调制比约束,设计正极MMC定量吸收无功功率与负极MMC动态调整交流电压参考值的换流站极间协同控制策略;同时,为抑制从站的过电流及避免送端严重交流故障时主站的潮流反转,提出各受端换流站有功功率自适应调整的控制方式。最后通过对输电系统送端交流电压跌落不同幅度时的故障穿越效果进行仿真分析,验证了所提控制策略的有效性。

适性学习:数字化背景下高职院校学生学习新样态

随着数字技术的不断发展,高职院校的学习活动正在经历着全面的重构。适性学习强调以学生为中心,是对当下更为复杂的学习环境的实践因应,具有泛在性、混合性与交互性等特征。数字化转型背景下职业教育需要满足学生多元发展需求,促进个性化教育,增强学生自主学习能力,实现教育公平。高职院校应该深度推进适性学习,不断完善数字校园协同治理制度,打造课堂教学与智能技术的全方位耦合,构建起学生多维评价的新样态,为学生提供更加个性化、有针对性的学习体验。

受电弓仿生导流罩对高速列车横风气动特性影响研究

横风作用下高速列车气动横向力和倾覆力矩显著增加,气动性能显著恶化,列车脱轨、倾覆可能性增大,严重影响列车运行安全。受电弓作为高速列车核心的外突部件,直接受到横风的影响,因此改善受电弓区域的横风气动性能显得尤为重要。以鞘翅目生物形态为原型,构建受电弓仿生导流罩几何外形,并以8车编组高速列车为基准,建立4种不同的计算模型:原始模型(模型Ⅰ)、仅受电弓Ⅰ加装导流罩(模型Ⅱ)、仅受电弓Ⅱ加装导流罩(模型Ⅲ)、受电弓Ⅰ和Ⅱ均加装导流罩(模型Ⅳ)。基于三维稳态SST k-ω双方程湍流模型,分析不同方案下高速列车整车以及受电弓区域的横风气动性能。研究结果表明:安装受电弓导流罩后,气流更为平顺地越过受电弓区域,阻滞效应减小,下游车体顶部和受电弓Ⅱ(升弓)区域的气流速度有所增加,同时造成列车背风侧的流场结构改变。相比原始模型(模型Ⅰ),导流罩模型(模型Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ)均可减小列车气动横向力和倾覆力矩,其中模型Ⅱ和模型Ⅲ的横向力分别减少9.65%、4.18%,倾覆力矩分别减少11.47%、4.37%;受电弓Ⅰ与受电弓Ⅱ均被包裹的模型Ⅳ效果最为显著,8车编组列车横向力和倾覆力矩分别减少11.39、16.81%。研究成果可为横风环境下新一代高速列车受电弓区域优化设计提供参考。

高技能人才培养与产业需求适配模式研究——复杂适应系统视角

快速培养与产业需求相适配的高技能人才,需要构筑产业人才生态圈,并将各利益相关方凝结成命运共同体。命运共同体超越了一般意义上的利益共同体,是具有生命特质的复杂适应系统。由此构建适应性集群模式,为提升高技能人才培养与产业需求的适配性提供模型参照。适应性集群模式的内容包括目标、原则、适用领域、组成要素、运行方式、应用价值等,并给出实践建议。此模式创新之处在于关注到外部环境的重要作用,强调要符合适应性协同和动态集群的客观规律。

黄淮海11个夏大豆品种(系)产量稳定性和适应性分析

为比较不同大豆品种(系)产量的稳定性和适应性,筛选优良大豆品种(系),对2020—2021年国家黄淮海夏大豆南组区域试验数据进行多因素方差分析和GGE双标图分析。结果表明:除年份效应外,各因素及互作效应对大豆产量影响都达到极显著水平(P<0.01),其中地点(55.31%)的贡献率最大,品种(5.97%)和年份(0.02%)贡献率较小。12个试点中平均产量最高的是山东济宁,比产量最低的安徽阜阳高33.63%,差异显著(P<0.05);11个参试品种中平均产量最高的是邯豆13,比对照中黄13(CK A)和中黄13(CK B)分别增产10.93%和9.91%,差异显著。GGE双标图分析结果显示,江苏灌云和徐州,山东临沂和济宁相似度较高,试点有重复设置的可能。河南周口对参试品种的鉴别力和代表性最强,是理想试点。12个试点被分为两组,徐9416-8在第一组试点产量最高,柳豆108在第二组试点产量最高。丰产性和稳产性分析结果表明,邯豆13、圣育6号和南农60的丰产性和稳产性较好。本研究筛选得到稳定性和适应性较强的大豆品种(系),并为优异种质资源的推广应用提供参考。

改进势场蚁群算法优化路径自动规划

针对势场与蚁群联合的自主路径规划存在局部最优解、初始路径选择随机导致效率不高及环境适应性差等问题,提出了基于自适应域和参数自适应设置的改进算法。算法首先基于自适应域改进势场目标不可达问题,并过滤震荡点以平滑路径;其次,通过状态转移函数和信息素更新等相关参数的自适应设置,提高算法在收敛效率和搜索能力上的平衡性,进而提高对障碍环境的适应性。实验结果表明,所提算法能够有效避免局部最优、目标不可达和复杂环境的适应性问题,在路径长度和效率上优于实验采用的已有算法,从而验证了算法的有效性。

“增强职业教育适应性”文化-认知的悬浮表征及落地路向

基于教育“共同利益”视角,深度访谈了26位校企合作相关者,采用程序化扎根理论三级编码方法,归纳出与“增强职业教育适应性”文化-认知紧密相关的图式有“合作动机”文化-认知图式、“自我身份”文化-认知图式、“创新创业”文化-认知图式。这些认知图式影响着个体以某种相似的方式去理解职业教育适应性并指导其行为,反映出职业教育的“结构嵌入”、合作发展的“齐心协力”、创新创业的“绚丽多彩”等悬浮表征。提出了“共同利益”理念指导下的职业教育“关系嵌入”、共建知识技能“共享平台”、立足岗位创新创业能力“开花结果”等措施,弱化悬浮表征产生的负面作用,不断增强职业教育适应性。

维适应人工蜂群算法的研究

针对于基本人工蜂群算法对于改进维数以及改进维的选择没有充分利用历史搜索信息的问题提出一种维适应机制.由于不同优化问题适用的改进维数不同,而历史搜索信息中蕴含成功经验,构建改进维数成功历史档案并形成适应机制,使算法能够随着具体问题的优化过程适应到合适的改进维数,提高候选解搜索的成功率;在跟随蜂搜索阶段,保持一定比例随机选维的同时引入当前最优解信息对改进维的选择进行指导,在保证维选择适度随机性的同时更快适应到有潜能的维进行搜索,提升算法的收敛能力.采用CEC2014基准测试集与当前先进的5个改进的人工蜂群算法进行实验对比分析,结果及其统计检验表明,提出算法具有更好的求解精度、鲁棒性和收敛能力.

自适应下垂系数的孤岛微电网无功均分策略

在孤岛微电网中,由于线路阻抗的不匹配,常常导致传统的下垂控制无法完成分布式电源(DG)之间无功功率的均分.为了消除DG之间的无功不均分,首先分析了传统下垂控制无法完成无功均分的原因,设计了可自适应调节的无功下垂系数,使无功下垂系数可以满足无功均分的条件,从而解决无功功率无法均分的问题.为了使无功均分控制器具有更高的灵活性和可靠性,设计了动态分布式观测器,并证明了其收敛性.动态分布式观测器可以使DG以分布式的方式更加灵活可靠地获取所需的信息.通过4个不同的算例对所提的控制策略进行验证,仿真结果验证了所提控制策略的优越性和有效性.