Flexible housing resolves the fundamental conflicts between the long-standing structure and the evolving demands.We propose a computational method of optimizing the structural layout of high-rise residential buildings...Flexible housing resolves the fundamental conflicts between the long-standing structure and the evolving demands.We propose a computational method of optimizing the structural layout of high-rise residential buildings.Chinese high-rise apartment buildings have widely employed shear wall-frame structure in which one big room or multiple small rooms could occupy the same span.Fitting multiple floor plans into a fixed sparse scheme of shear walls and columns is feasible.We developed a computational framework to seek flexible structural schemes.A building scheme consists of a circulation core,shear walls,columns,and boundaries.The computer program automatically adapts floor plans to any drawn or generated scheme.Based on a large dataset of apartment layouts,the number of apartments that fit into a building scheme statistically reflects the flexibility of the scheme.If many hypothetical plans can fit into a wallframe structure in computer simulation,this structure could probably support several generations of unknown plans.Such a data-driven computational method provides the possibility of creating a one-to-many mapping between permanent structure and evolving apartment plans.展开更多
Future electric power systems will face new operational challenges due to the high penetration of distributed energy resources(DERs).In Denmark,distribution system operator(DSO)expects a significant congestion increas...Future electric power systems will face new operational challenges due to the high penetration of distributed energy resources(DERs).In Denmark,distribution system operator(DSO)expects a significant congestion increased in distribution grids.In order to manage these congestions and mobilize the DERs as economically efficient as possible in the future distribution grid,the brand new notion of flexibility clearing house(FLECH)is proposed in this paper.With the aggregator-based offers,the proposed FLECH market has the ability to promote small scale DERs(upto 5 MW)for actively participating in trading flexibility services,which are stipulated accommodating the various requirements of DSO.Accordingly,the trading setups and processes of the FLECH market are also illustrated in detail.A quantitative example is utilized to illustrate the formulation and classification of flexibility services provided by the DERs in the proposed FLECH market.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52278008).
文摘Flexible housing resolves the fundamental conflicts between the long-standing structure and the evolving demands.We propose a computational method of optimizing the structural layout of high-rise residential buildings.Chinese high-rise apartment buildings have widely employed shear wall-frame structure in which one big room or multiple small rooms could occupy the same span.Fitting multiple floor plans into a fixed sparse scheme of shear walls and columns is feasible.We developed a computational framework to seek flexible structural schemes.A building scheme consists of a circulation core,shear walls,columns,and boundaries.The computer program automatically adapts floor plans to any drawn or generated scheme.Based on a large dataset of apartment layouts,the number of apartments that fit into a building scheme statistically reflects the flexibility of the scheme.If many hypothetical plans can fit into a wallframe structure in computer simulation,this structure could probably support several generations of unknown plans.Such a data-driven computational method provides the possibility of creating a one-to-many mapping between permanent structure and evolving apartment plans.
基金Acknow ledgments The authors grate fully acknowledge the finan-cial supports of Danish national project iPower and the great contri-butions of Lars Henrik Hansen,Poul Brath and Peder Dybdal Cajar from DONG Energy.
文摘Future electric power systems will face new operational challenges due to the high penetration of distributed energy resources(DERs).In Denmark,distribution system operator(DSO)expects a significant congestion increased in distribution grids.In order to manage these congestions and mobilize the DERs as economically efficient as possible in the future distribution grid,the brand new notion of flexibility clearing house(FLECH)is proposed in this paper.With the aggregator-based offers,the proposed FLECH market has the ability to promote small scale DERs(upto 5 MW)for actively participating in trading flexibility services,which are stipulated accommodating the various requirements of DSO.Accordingly,the trading setups and processes of the FLECH market are also illustrated in detail.A quantitative example is utilized to illustrate the formulation and classification of flexibility services provided by the DERs in the proposed FLECH market.
