Background:In this study,we explored the effects of different processing methods on the quality of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua(PC),and the role of Huangjiu in the processing procedure.Methods:The sensory characteristics...Background:In this study,we explored the effects of different processing methods on the quality of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua(PC),and the role of Huangjiu in the processing procedure.Methods:The sensory characteristics of the crude product,steamed product,and wine-processed product of PC were described.The colorimeter was used to analyze the chromatic values of three different processed products on PC.At the same time,the contents of the water extract and alcohol extract were measured separately.The content of three different processing Polygonatum Polysaccharide(PCP)was determined using 0.2%anthrone-sulfuric acid.The correlation difference between the chromatic values and chemical composition of different PC products was analyzed using various analytical methods.Results:The surface colors gradually deepened,the sweetness increased,the viscosity strengthened,and the tongue-numbing sensation disappeared after PC processing.The contents of extract and L*gradually decreased from the crude to the steamed to the wine-processed product,consistent with the pattern of surface color alteration.While,E*ab gradually increased.The content of PCP was crude product>wine-processed product>steamed product.The results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that the samples processed for crude,steamed,and wine-processed product were clustered into three classes.The correlation analysis showed that L*and E*ab were highly significant positively correlated with the content of PCP,and a*was significantly negatively correlated with the content of PCP.Conclusion:The results showed that the wine-processed product had the best quality.The internal quality of the PC was correlated with its characteristics and chromatic value.In this study,we investigated the internal and external quality of three different products of PC in order to provide a reference for further research on the impact of different processing methods on PC quality,the standardization of PC processing,and the role of Huangjiu in the processing of PC.展开更多
While people from Western countries do not always understand of the underlying cultural values of most Chinese stories,the Hua Mulan story has gained significant recognition from Western audiences.Therefore,it would b...While people from Western countries do not always understand of the underlying cultural values of most Chinese stories,the Hua Mulan story has gained significant recognition from Western audiences.Therefore,it would be quite beneficial if we could understand the key elements that have contributed to the success of the Hua Mulan story so that we can employ similar elements in other intercultural communication programs and promote the communication and dissemination of cultures between China and the rest of the world.According to the findings from the interviews of 6,130 respondents from 107 countries,we found that the Hua Mulan story gains global acceptance because it represents a story of“a hero with a thousand faces,”which embodies the integration of Chinese traditions and contemporary spirit through sharing a global meaning while responding to various culturally common challenges.Five key cultural value dimensions are responsible for this Chinese story’s cross-cultural affinity and influence,which helped it win recognition and empathy worldwide.The five key cultural value dimensions are loyalty and patriotism,the courage to take responsibility,compatibility of individualism and collectivism,respondence to the multicultural appeal,and hero growth.These dimensions are then generalized as the value identity orientation grounded in a Global Shared Meaning(GSM)in this study.展开更多
Based on the poem Xiatian Hai Hen Yuan夏天还很远, one of the most characteristic works of the Chinese poet Bai Hua, along with its four English translations, this paper conducts comparative textual studies with regard...Based on the poem Xiatian Hai Hen Yuan夏天还很远, one of the most characteristic works of the Chinese poet Bai Hua, along with its four English translations, this paper conducts comparative textual studies with regard to three aspects, including the translation of hidden personae, the selection of the tense and aspectas well as the rendition of poetic rhythms. The author holds the view that, on the one hand, different textual interpretations have gone a long way toward the dissemination of the original poem in the English-speaking world;on the other hand, the translator's proper understanding and rendition is of great significance with a view to a better presentation of the unique beauty of Chinese poetry both in the content and the form.展开更多
The Hua’aobaote Pb-Zn-Ag Polymetallic orefield is situated in the southern section of the Great Xing’an Range(GXAR),which has experienced extensive magmatism.Since the Paleozoic,there are two stages of magmatism in ...The Hua’aobaote Pb-Zn-Ag Polymetallic orefield is situated in the southern section of the Great Xing’an Range(GXAR),which has experienced extensive magmatism.Since the Paleozoic,there are two stages of magmatism in Hua’aobaote orefield occurred in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic.The Mesozoic magmatism is of great significance for the PbZn-Ag Polymetallic mineralization in Hua’aobaote orefield.In this study,new geochemical data was obtained to discuss the timing and petrogenesis of the magmatic rocks and its geodynamic and metallogenic significance.Zircon U-Pb ages reveal that the felsic igneous rocks from the Hua’aobaote orefield were formed in the Early Permian(294.8±3.2 Ma)and Early Cretaceous(132.6±1.4 Ma).Geochemically,the Early Permian granodiorite porphyrite is characterized by high Sr/Y(42-63)ratios and Mg^(#)(62.24-70.74)values and low heavy rare earth element(HREE)(5.09-6.79 ppm)contents.The granodiorite porphyrite is also characterized by depleted Sr-Nd initial isotopic signatures[ε_(Nd)(t)=5.91-7.59,(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i=0.7029-0.7030],exhibiting adakitic characteristics.The Early Cretaceous granite porphyry and rhyolite are A-type felsic igneous rocks,and demonstrate high SiO_(2),Na_(2)O+K_(2)O and rare earth element(REE)contents,low CaO and MgO contents,low(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i ratios(0.7044-0.7058),and positive ε_(Nd)(t)values(2.57-4.65).Whole-rock Pb isotopic compositions in granodiorite porphyrite are:206Pb/204Pb=17.631-18.149,^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb=15.422-15.450,and ^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb=37.325-37.729.The granite porphyry and rhyolite have initial ^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb,^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb,and ^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb ratios of 18.106-19.309,15.489-15.539,and 37.821-38.05,respectively.Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic evidence suggests that the Early Permian granodiorite porphyrite is likely to derive from slab melts and modified by peridotitic mantle wedge in the subduction tectonic setting of the Paleo-Asian Ocean.The Early Cretaceous A-type felsic igneous rocks were derived from juvenile lower crust,accompanied by limited crustal contamination and various degree of fractional crystallisation during magma emplacement.The Early Cretaceous magmatism and related mineralization were formed in a post-orogenic tectonic setting that attributed to the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.Pb isotopic data for the various rock units in the study area indicate that the Mesozoic magma source contributed substantial Pb,Zn,and Ag to the Hua’aobaote deposit.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) play important roles in liver fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Dan-shao-hua-xia...BACKGROUND: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) play important roles in liver fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Dan-shao-hua-xian, a preparation of traditional Chinese medicine, on the expression of PPAR-gamma and NF-kappa B in the fibrotic livers of rats. METHODS: Seventy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: treatment (model, 8 weeks+treatment, 8 weeks; group A), natural recovery (model, 8 weeks+ saline, 8 weeks; group B), model (model only, 8 weeks; group Q, and control (normal, untreated, 16 weeks; group D). Each group consisted of 20 rats (except for group D, which had 10). Fibrotic liver models were induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of CCI4, oral administration of alcohol and a high-lipid/low-protein diet for 8 weeks. After the models were established, the rats in group A were orally given Dan-shao-hua-xian capsules daily for another 8 weeks. Then, the liver indices serum hyaluronic acid (HA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured. The degree of hepatic fibrosis was evaluated by optical microscopy. Hydroxyproline (Hyp) in the liver tissue was determined. The expression of PPAR-gamma was detected by immunohistochemical techniques. The protein levels of PPAR-gamma and NF-kappa B were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: The concentrations of serum HA, TNF-alpha and Hyp in group C increased compared with group D (P<0.05), and they decreased in group A compared with group C (P<0.05). The expression of PPAR-gamma in group C decreased compared with group D (P<0.05), and it increased in group A compared with groups B and C (P<0.05). Similarly, Western blotting showed that the expression of PPAR-gamma in group C decreased compared with group D, and it increased in group A compared with group C. The expression of NF-kappa B increased in group C compared with group D (P<0.05), and it decreased in group A compared with group C (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Dan-shao-hua-xian capsules enhance the expression of PPAR-gamma but decrease that of TNF-alpha and NF-kappa B in the liver tissues of CCI4-induced hepatic fibrotic rats. These effects may play a role in its activity in treating hepatic fibrosis.展开更多
Lonicerae japonicaeFlos (LJF) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of various diseases, which is now in great demand every year and has a broad development prospect. However, the flowering...Lonicerae japonicaeFlos (LJF) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of various diseases, which is now in great demand every year and has a broad development prospect. However, the flowering phase of common LJF varieties is so short, which seriously restricts the development of LJF industry. As a new cultivated kind of Lonicerae japonicae Flos, “Hua Jin 6” has characteristics in long flowering phase and conveniently picking, which makes it have a broad development prospect. The aim of this study is to provide scientific guidance for its suitable harvest period by measuring yield and quality of “Hua Jin 6” from different harvest time. Studies show that flower size had a slowly rising trend from the first day to the seventh day, and then slowly declined or kept stable. There were no significant differences of total phenolic acid contents in different samples from different days, but contents of total flavonoids were on the rise and up to maximum in the ninth day. The contents of total iridoids had an increasing tendency from the first day to the fifth day and then kept relatively stable in other days. We demonstrated that the quality of “Hua Jin 6” is relatively stable and suitable for harvesting in all flower buds white stage in term of HPLC fingerprints. Our findings can make it possible to select the suitable time for different harvest purpose.展开更多
The key proposition of this hypothesis is logic behind the order of movements of Hua Tuo’s qigong Wu Qin Xi(Five animal frolics).To date,there were many discussions about connection of the movements of Wu Qin Xi with...The key proposition of this hypothesis is logic behind the order of movements of Hua Tuo’s qigong Wu Qin Xi(Five animal frolics).To date,there were many discussions about connection of the movements of Wu Qin Xi with existing TCM theories and why Hua Tuo made it in that particular way.Some experts are saying that there is no connection but if all stories of Hua Tuo’s abilities and knowledge were half-truth,he wouldn’t let even the order of movements of qigong that he created be just a random order.Hypothesis is exploring different views on Taiji movement direction,Wu Xing and connection between animals in Wu Qin Xi,Lo Shu square and Sun wheel and proposing possible solution to the question“Why Hua Tuo made such order of animals in Wu Qin Xi?”by analyzing and and cross referencing the common ground between theories and bridging the gap the we were left without any written explanation from the master itself.Further progress and confirmation of this hypothesis requires deeper research and cooperation between Qigong expert historians.展开更多
The first part of this paper we talk about the story of how to introduce the Hua domains and summarize the main results on Hua domains.The second part,the explicit complete Einstein-Khler metric on the special type ...The first part of this paper we talk about the story of how to introduce the Hua domains and summarize the main results on Hua domains.The second part,the explicit complete Einstein-Khler metric on the special type of Hua domains is given and the sharp estimate of holomorphic sectional curvature under this metric is also obtained.In the meantime we also prove that the complete Einstein-Khler metric is equivalent to the Bergman metric on the special type of Hua domain.展开更多
基金sponsored by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3504200)High Level Key Discipline Construction of Traditional Chinese Medicine(zyyzdxk-2023272).
文摘Background:In this study,we explored the effects of different processing methods on the quality of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua(PC),and the role of Huangjiu in the processing procedure.Methods:The sensory characteristics of the crude product,steamed product,and wine-processed product of PC were described.The colorimeter was used to analyze the chromatic values of three different processed products on PC.At the same time,the contents of the water extract and alcohol extract were measured separately.The content of three different processing Polygonatum Polysaccharide(PCP)was determined using 0.2%anthrone-sulfuric acid.The correlation difference between the chromatic values and chemical composition of different PC products was analyzed using various analytical methods.Results:The surface colors gradually deepened,the sweetness increased,the viscosity strengthened,and the tongue-numbing sensation disappeared after PC processing.The contents of extract and L*gradually decreased from the crude to the steamed to the wine-processed product,consistent with the pattern of surface color alteration.While,E*ab gradually increased.The content of PCP was crude product>wine-processed product>steamed product.The results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that the samples processed for crude,steamed,and wine-processed product were clustered into three classes.The correlation analysis showed that L*and E*ab were highly significant positively correlated with the content of PCP,and a*was significantly negatively correlated with the content of PCP.Conclusion:The results showed that the wine-processed product had the best quality.The internal quality of the PC was correlated with its characteristics and chromatic value.In this study,we investigated the internal and external quality of three different products of PC in order to provide a reference for further research on the impact of different processing methods on PC quality,the standardization of PC processing,and the role of Huangjiu in the processing of PC.
基金funded by the National Social Science Fund of China“A study on the Narrative Strategy of‘Telling Chinese Stories Well’in the Cross-cultural Context”(17XXW008).
文摘While people from Western countries do not always understand of the underlying cultural values of most Chinese stories,the Hua Mulan story has gained significant recognition from Western audiences.Therefore,it would be quite beneficial if we could understand the key elements that have contributed to the success of the Hua Mulan story so that we can employ similar elements in other intercultural communication programs and promote the communication and dissemination of cultures between China and the rest of the world.According to the findings from the interviews of 6,130 respondents from 107 countries,we found that the Hua Mulan story gains global acceptance because it represents a story of“a hero with a thousand faces,”which embodies the integration of Chinese traditions and contemporary spirit through sharing a global meaning while responding to various culturally common challenges.Five key cultural value dimensions are responsible for this Chinese story’s cross-cultural affinity and influence,which helped it win recognition and empathy worldwide.The five key cultural value dimensions are loyalty and patriotism,the courage to take responsibility,compatibility of individualism and collectivism,respondence to the multicultural appeal,and hero growth.These dimensions are then generalized as the value identity orientation grounded in a Global Shared Meaning(GSM)in this study.
文摘Based on the poem Xiatian Hai Hen Yuan夏天还很远, one of the most characteristic works of the Chinese poet Bai Hua, along with its four English translations, this paper conducts comparative textual studies with regard to three aspects, including the translation of hidden personae, the selection of the tense and aspectas well as the rendition of poetic rhythms. The author holds the view that, on the one hand, different textual interpretations have gone a long way toward the dissemination of the original poem in the English-speaking world;on the other hand, the translator's proper understanding and rendition is of great significance with a view to a better presentation of the unique beauty of Chinese poetry both in the content and the form.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41972312,41672329)the National Key Research and Development Project of China(Grant No.2016YFC0600509)the Project of China Geological Survey(Grant No.1212011120341)。
文摘The Hua’aobaote Pb-Zn-Ag Polymetallic orefield is situated in the southern section of the Great Xing’an Range(GXAR),which has experienced extensive magmatism.Since the Paleozoic,there are two stages of magmatism in Hua’aobaote orefield occurred in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic.The Mesozoic magmatism is of great significance for the PbZn-Ag Polymetallic mineralization in Hua’aobaote orefield.In this study,new geochemical data was obtained to discuss the timing and petrogenesis of the magmatic rocks and its geodynamic and metallogenic significance.Zircon U-Pb ages reveal that the felsic igneous rocks from the Hua’aobaote orefield were formed in the Early Permian(294.8±3.2 Ma)and Early Cretaceous(132.6±1.4 Ma).Geochemically,the Early Permian granodiorite porphyrite is characterized by high Sr/Y(42-63)ratios and Mg^(#)(62.24-70.74)values and low heavy rare earth element(HREE)(5.09-6.79 ppm)contents.The granodiorite porphyrite is also characterized by depleted Sr-Nd initial isotopic signatures[ε_(Nd)(t)=5.91-7.59,(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i=0.7029-0.7030],exhibiting adakitic characteristics.The Early Cretaceous granite porphyry and rhyolite are A-type felsic igneous rocks,and demonstrate high SiO_(2),Na_(2)O+K_(2)O and rare earth element(REE)contents,low CaO and MgO contents,low(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i ratios(0.7044-0.7058),and positive ε_(Nd)(t)values(2.57-4.65).Whole-rock Pb isotopic compositions in granodiorite porphyrite are:206Pb/204Pb=17.631-18.149,^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb=15.422-15.450,and ^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb=37.325-37.729.The granite porphyry and rhyolite have initial ^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb,^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb,and ^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb ratios of 18.106-19.309,15.489-15.539,and 37.821-38.05,respectively.Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic evidence suggests that the Early Permian granodiorite porphyrite is likely to derive from slab melts and modified by peridotitic mantle wedge in the subduction tectonic setting of the Paleo-Asian Ocean.The Early Cretaceous A-type felsic igneous rocks were derived from juvenile lower crust,accompanied by limited crustal contamination and various degree of fractional crystallisation during magma emplacement.The Early Cretaceous magmatism and related mineralization were formed in a post-orogenic tectonic setting that attributed to the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.Pb isotopic data for the various rock units in the study area indicate that the Mesozoic magma source contributed substantial Pb,Zn,and Ag to the Hua’aobaote deposit.
文摘BACKGROUND: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) play important roles in liver fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Dan-shao-hua-xian, a preparation of traditional Chinese medicine, on the expression of PPAR-gamma and NF-kappa B in the fibrotic livers of rats. METHODS: Seventy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: treatment (model, 8 weeks+treatment, 8 weeks; group A), natural recovery (model, 8 weeks+ saline, 8 weeks; group B), model (model only, 8 weeks; group Q, and control (normal, untreated, 16 weeks; group D). Each group consisted of 20 rats (except for group D, which had 10). Fibrotic liver models were induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of CCI4, oral administration of alcohol and a high-lipid/low-protein diet for 8 weeks. After the models were established, the rats in group A were orally given Dan-shao-hua-xian capsules daily for another 8 weeks. Then, the liver indices serum hyaluronic acid (HA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured. The degree of hepatic fibrosis was evaluated by optical microscopy. Hydroxyproline (Hyp) in the liver tissue was determined. The expression of PPAR-gamma was detected by immunohistochemical techniques. The protein levels of PPAR-gamma and NF-kappa B were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: The concentrations of serum HA, TNF-alpha and Hyp in group C increased compared with group D (P<0.05), and they decreased in group A compared with group C (P<0.05). The expression of PPAR-gamma in group C decreased compared with group D (P<0.05), and it increased in group A compared with groups B and C (P<0.05). Similarly, Western blotting showed that the expression of PPAR-gamma in group C decreased compared with group D, and it increased in group A compared with group C. The expression of NF-kappa B increased in group C compared with group D (P<0.05), and it decreased in group A compared with group C (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Dan-shao-hua-xian capsules enhance the expression of PPAR-gamma but decrease that of TNF-alpha and NF-kappa B in the liver tissues of CCI4-induced hepatic fibrotic rats. These effects may play a role in its activity in treating hepatic fibrosis.
文摘Lonicerae japonicaeFlos (LJF) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of various diseases, which is now in great demand every year and has a broad development prospect. However, the flowering phase of common LJF varieties is so short, which seriously restricts the development of LJF industry. As a new cultivated kind of Lonicerae japonicae Flos, “Hua Jin 6” has characteristics in long flowering phase and conveniently picking, which makes it have a broad development prospect. The aim of this study is to provide scientific guidance for its suitable harvest period by measuring yield and quality of “Hua Jin 6” from different harvest time. Studies show that flower size had a slowly rising trend from the first day to the seventh day, and then slowly declined or kept stable. There were no significant differences of total phenolic acid contents in different samples from different days, but contents of total flavonoids were on the rise and up to maximum in the ninth day. The contents of total iridoids had an increasing tendency from the first day to the fifth day and then kept relatively stable in other days. We demonstrated that the quality of “Hua Jin 6” is relatively stable and suitable for harvesting in all flower buds white stage in term of HPLC fingerprints. Our findings can make it possible to select the suitable time for different harvest purpose.
文摘The key proposition of this hypothesis is logic behind the order of movements of Hua Tuo’s qigong Wu Qin Xi(Five animal frolics).To date,there were many discussions about connection of the movements of Wu Qin Xi with existing TCM theories and why Hua Tuo made it in that particular way.Some experts are saying that there is no connection but if all stories of Hua Tuo’s abilities and knowledge were half-truth,he wouldn’t let even the order of movements of qigong that he created be just a random order.Hypothesis is exploring different views on Taiji movement direction,Wu Xing and connection between animals in Wu Qin Xi,Lo Shu square and Sun wheel and proposing possible solution to the question“Why Hua Tuo made such order of animals in Wu Qin Xi?”by analyzing and and cross referencing the common ground between theories and bridging the gap the we were left without any written explanation from the master itself.Further progress and confirmation of this hypothesis requires deeper research and cooperation between Qigong expert historians.
基金Projectsupported in part by NSF of China(Grant NO.10471097 and the Doctoral Programme Foundation of NEM of China
文摘The first part of this paper we talk about the story of how to introduce the Hua domains and summarize the main results on Hua domains.The second part,the explicit complete Einstein-Khler metric on the special type of Hua domains is given and the sharp estimate of holomorphic sectional curvature under this metric is also obtained.In the meantime we also prove that the complete Einstein-Khler metric is equivalent to the Bergman metric on the special type of Hua domain.
