Morphological and Molecular Identification of Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Spot Disease on Huangdi Banana in China

[Objectives]The paper was to identify Alternaria alternata causing leaf spot disease on Huangdi banana in China.[Methods]Fungal isolates were isolated and identified by morphological features,molecular identification and pathogenicity test.[Results]There were light to dark brown,tiny oval spots on leaves.The causal agent isolated from affected leaves was identified as A.alternata based on the morphological properties,coupled with sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region,large subunit ribosomal DNA(LSU rDNA)and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha(TEF-1α)gene.Koch s postulates were fulfilled by successful re-isolation of pathogen from the artificial inoculated leaves.[Conclusions]To our knowledge,this is the first report of leaf spot caused by A.alternata on Huangdi banana in China.The identification of A.alternata as the causal agent of the observed leaf spot disease on Huangdi banana is critical to the prevention and control of this disease in the future.

The influence factors of gas-bearing and geological characteristics of Niutitang Formation shale in the southern margin of Xuefeng Mountain ancient uplift: A case of Well Huangdi 1

In order to evaluate the geological characteristics and gas-bearing factors of Niutitang Formation within the Lower Cambrian of northern Guizhou,the Huangping area located at the southern edge of the ancient uplift belt of Xuefeng Mountain was selected as the target area,and Well Huangdi 1 was drilled for the geological survey of shale gas.Through geological background analysis and well logging and laboratory analysis such as organic geochemical test,gas content analysis,isothermal adsorption,and specific surface area experiments on Well Huangdi 1,the results show that the Niutitang Formation is a deep-water shelf,trough-like folds and thrust fault.The thickness of black shale is 119.95 m,of which carbonaceous shale is 89.6 m.The average value of organic carbon content is 3.55%,kerogen vitrinite reflectance value is 2.37% and kerogen type is sapropel-type.The brittle mineral content is 51%(quartz 38%),clay mineral content is 38.3%.The value of porosity and permeability are 0.5%and 0.0014 mD,which the reservoir of the Niutitang Formation belongs to low permeability with characteristics of ultra-low porosity.The gas content is 0.09‒1.31 m^3/t with a high-value area and a second high-value area.By comparing with the geological parameters of adjacent wells in the adjacent area,the accumulation model of“sediment control zone,Ro control zone,structure controlling reservoir”in the study area is proposed.Therefore,deep-water shelf-slope facies,Ro is between high maturity-early stage of overmaturity and well-preserved zones in the Niutitang Formation in this area are favorable direction for the next step of shale gas exploration.

Reception of Translated Classics of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Spanish-speaking World:A Survey of Seven Spanish Versions of Huangdi Neijing(The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic)

Previous studies on translations of Huangdi Neijing(The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic)have focused on English versions;little attention has been given to non-English translations.The present study is the first investigation of the reception of the seven Spanish versions of Huangdi Neijing in terms of three parameters:collection records in libraries worldwide;book reviews and citation counts in international journals;and customer reviews on Amazon.The results revealed four features of Spanish translations and communication of Huangdi Neijing in terms of reception of academia,reception of general readers,the center of translation and communication,and the role of Chinese scholars.These factors demonstrate the marginal status of Spanish translations of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)classics.The implications are summarized in hopes of promoting the translation and communication of TCM classics in the Spanish-speaking world and to provide insights into the communication of TCM culture in the non-English-speaking world.

A Comparative Research of Two English Translations of the Chapter “Comprehensive Discourse on Phenomena Corresponding to Yin and Yang” in Huangdi's Internal Classic

Culture-loaded words refer to words with specific cultural connotations that can express an abstract or a specific concept,which may be related to religious beliefs or social customs,but do not exist in other languages and cultures.Therefore,culture-loaded words bring some difficulties to translation work.Huang Di Nei Jing(《黄帝内经》Huangdi’s Internal Classic)is the foundation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory,and is listed as the first of the four classics of TCM.It contains a large number of cultureloaded words,which embody the ancient Chinese traditional culture.The translation of culture-loaded words is a difficult but crucial point in the translation of Huangdi’s Internal Classic and directly relates to the quality of the translation of Huangdi’s Internal Classic as a whole.Taking the two English versions of Maoshing Ni and Li Zhaoguo as examples,this work identifies the culture-loaded words appearing in the chapter“Yin Yang Ying Xiang Da Lun”(阴阳应象大论Comprehensive Discourse on Phenomena Corresponding to the Yin and Yang).This work studies the strategies and translation process of culture-loaded words in Huangdi’s Internal Classic,with a view to contribute to the English translation of TCM classics.

Unity of form and spirit in Huangdi Neijing

Traditional Chinese medicine has many core contents,one of which is the unity of form and spirit.To inherit and develop traditional Chinese medicine,we need to reexamine traditional Chinese medicine with philosophy and medicine.Taking Huangdi Neijing as an example,we restudy the unity of form and spirit in traditional Chinese medicine from two aspects of medicine and philosophy.

A Trial Corpus-based Study on Translations of Huangdi Neijing

Based on a corpus linguistic study,this paper aims to highlight the translator's subjectivity in translating the same canon-Huangdi Neijing.

The Comparative Study of Two Translated Texts on Huangdirent Translating Styles o'n s Internal Classics——Simple Analysis on the Diffe Culture-Specific Lexicon, Figure of Speech and Four-Chinese-Character Structures

Huangdi's Internal Classics(Neijin) is one of the most important ancient medical classics, which plays far-reaching influence in medical field. More and more domestic and overseas scholars published their translated texts on Neijing. Due to the diversity of editions and different understanding, the translating styles and contents are widely different. This study will focus on the different translating styles on culture-specific lexicon、figure of speech and four-Chinese-character structures in Neijin.

基于《黄帝内经》气虚理论对动脉粥样硬化论治探微

动脉粥样硬化是心血管疾病的病理基础。本虚标实为动脉粥样硬化的基本病机。从《黄帝内经》气虚理论出发,以五脏及营卫之气的虚损作为切入点,探讨其影响津液血液运行从而产生“痰瘀毒”等病理产物的作用机制,探讨动脉粥样硬化的病因病机。治疗上应以补益为主,佐以活血化瘀之法。

译介学视域下中医典籍中文化负载词的英译策略研究

由于中医典籍成书年代久远,其在翻译过程中往往存在着大量的文化对应空缺词汇,因此,中医典籍中的文化负载词翻译成了一个重要的环节,也是一个难点。为了使中医文化更好、更广泛、更有效地传播,译者必须针对现实情况采取相应的对策。基于译介学理论,从文化负载词的定义出发,立足文化视角,通过对《黄帝内经》《伤寒杂病论》和《金匮要略》等中医典籍中的文化负载词的识别和解读,提出了中医文化负载词在翻译过程中需要熟练运用语言维转换、文化维转换、交际维转换等转换方法,总结了中医典籍文化负载词可以使用直译、音译/音译和注释相结合、省译或意译的方法。目的是通过中医典籍文化负载词的界定和提出的翻译策略的同时,有助于为中医文化负载词英译研究提供新的翻译视角、拓宽研究思维,旨在为解读文化差异、探寻更加合理有效的文化交流路径和方法提供新的启发和切入点,对推动中医文化负载词英译研究及中医药文化对外传播进程的加快提供有价值的参考。

再议《黄帝内经》“肾者作强之官,伎巧出焉”

文章采用收集、整理、综合分析文献的方法,讨论《素问·灵兰秘典论》中“肾者,作强之官,伎巧出焉”的理论含义。“作强”一词多解释为作用强力、有耐重劳、房事、封藏、作匠以及脊柱等,而“伎巧”一词多解释为技能才能,也指房事。通过对《黄帝内经》各篇章的印证,作者认为“作强”应解释为人体体力活动,尤其是爆发力;“伎巧”应解释为人体脑力劳动,尤其是专注程度。

在内经教学中体现中医理论核心内涵浅谈

内经为中医学专业的必修课,在提高学生中医思维能力方面发挥着重要作用。但其条文的语言特点,导致学生理解困难,需教师使用大量的课堂时间疏解经文,影响了教学效果。为了更好地展现《黄帝内经》条文所体现的中医理论核心内涵,达到教学目的、提升教学效果,文章从利用课前预习提高课堂效率、课堂讲解重视理论核心概括和提升、补充后世运用或医案加深理解、利用课后作业深化学生认识四个方面进行了阐释。

以经络辨证为基础结合《黄帝内经》相关条文构建咽痛诊疗思路探析

针灸的临床辨证方法有多种,而以经络理论为基础的辨经论治则是针灸有别于传统方药、最具特色的辨证方法。此文通过整理《黄帝内经》中关于咽喉经脉循行、咽痛针刺穴位、操作方面的条文,及结合近年来运用经络理论辨证治疗咽痛的体悟,对二者进行归纳、分析、总结,尝试构建以循行经络为基础结合咽痛具体性质辨别病变所在经脉,以循经远端取穴、刺络放血、缪刺等方法灵活处理咽痛,集诊断、治疗为一体,较系统的诊治思路,以期为提高针灸治疗咽痛的临床效果,运用经典理论指导实践做一些积极探索。

基于“诸寒收引,皆属于肾”治疗肝性脊髓病的理论探讨

本文以《黄帝内经》中“诸寒收引,皆属于肾”为切入点,探析肝性脊髓病的病因病机:认为机体多因命门火衰,虚寒内生,加之外感寒邪,内舍肌肉筋骨而发为此病;通过对本病病因病机的认识,认为肝性脊髓病的主要临床表现与“诸寒收引,皆属于肾”理论相契合,进而论述从“温肾阳,益精血”角度治疗本病各证型,以期为临床诊疗肝性脊髓病提供线索和依据。

《黄帝内经》节字含义缕析

目的基于语料库证据,通观解释《黄帝内经》中“节”字的含义,分类整理探析“节”的内涵。方法采用文献计量学的研究方法,对《黄帝内经》中的“节”字进行检索、统计、分析,对“节”字的数量、分布、功能等进行定量、定性汇总。结果《黄帝内经》中的“节”动静皆宜,动指调节生命的节律,静则具象为关节骨节,与天人相应理论相合。结论《黄帝内经》时代对“节”的理解基于天人相应理论,现代趋向于将“节”字的含义延伸至生命节律、神经通路等多元化高级通路的概念层面。

《黄帝内经》海外传播研究述评

《黄帝内经》是中医理论的源头,在中医学术体系中占有重要地位,是中医药“走出去”的重要载体。在中外医学交流的历史上,《黄帝内经》的传播一直是学术界关注的焦点,从早期在日本、朝鲜的传播到近代以来中医在西方世界的传播,形成了多个译本、多种途径。随着“一带一路”“人类卫生健康共同体”倡议的提出,加之中医药在新冠疫情防治中发挥的不可替代作用,世界各地的人们希望更多了解中医药、使用中医药,中医药海外传播研究迎来新热潮。

《黄帝内经》的研究方法与路径思考之三——《内经》研究的思考与展望

通过对古今《内经》研究方法与路径的深入分析,提出今后《内经》研究应弘扬科学精神,具有多学科的视野,围绕科学问题研究以及选择适宜的方法与路径,要围绕中医学理论与临床,采用考据学、语言文字学、发生学、诠释学、哲学方法论、多学科特别是现代医学与生物学等方法,揭示《内经》理论的实质,重构中医理论体系,回应现代实际需要,阐明《内经》乃至中医学术发展规律,使《内经》的研究逐步从诠释、证实性研究发展为自主创新性研究,促进中医学术的创新发展。

系统辨证脉学对《黄帝内经》脉诊命题的继承创新

系统辨证脉学遵循《黄帝内经》脉诊“可诊有过之脉”原则建立脉象信息系统,对传统脉诊定义模糊及歧义之处进行明晰,完善了脉诊信息采集的维度,形成了5个维度、25对脉象要素信息描述系统。遵循《黄帝内经》“凡诊者,必知终始”,建立脉象分析系统,依据脉象要素与机体状态的映射关系,耦合形成脉象系统。脉象系统包括体质、病因、病机、西医疾病等,各个脉象系统通过脉象要素之间的联系能够反映疾病过程中的重要节点、责任因素及内在动力学,即中医临床脉诊的“心智模型”。在脉象系统的指导下,能够灵活、准确地制定临床治疗原则,形成内在逻辑严密的临床综合治疗服务包,实现多层次、多维度指导下的综合治疗。

Exploration of the relationship between the astronomical calendar and the origins of Qi,Yin and Yang,and the Five Elements

Background:Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)as a traditional Chinese medical practice,has gradually evolved into a coherent and systematic medical science based on natural principles and applied to human beings over time.The publication of the“Huangdi Neijing”(The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine,Written between the Warring States period and the Qin and Han Dynasties,and finally compiled in the Western Han Dynasty,from 475 B.C.E.-8 C.E.)signified the establishment of a comprehensive theoretical framework for Chinese medicine.Due to the perspective of the‘correspondence between heaven and man’in TCM,the purpose of this paper is to explore the origin and development of the basic theories of TCM under the ancient astronomical view and the connection between the two.Methods:This paper emphases on the universe uninty with the humanities,philosophy,and medicine,starting with the forms of stargazing in ancient Chinese astronomy and the natural laws derived by the ancients from their observations of natural celestial phenomena.Results:Astronomy,arts and crafts,divination and medical correlations are based on the sequential changes of natural seasons.Conclusion:The operation of natural celestial phenomena and the characteristics of physical phenomena correspond to human physiology,and the development of the basic theories of Chinese medicine is inextricably linked to ancient astronomy,ancient philosophy,and ancient primeval science.

从《黄帝内经》“移热”理论探讨消渴病病机演变规律

“移热”理论来源于《素问·气厥论篇》,是消渴病形成及发展演变的重要病机。本文通过整理古今医家有关“移热”论述,探讨“移热”在消渴病病机演变规律中的作用。“移热”病位多涉及心、肺、脾、胃、大肠、肾、膀胱。传变时可由心火亢盛,心阴不足,移热于肺,形成上消。脾和大肠受饮食积热化生火邪,传于胃而成中消,病性以燥热实火为主。上消、中消久病传热于肾及膀胱为下消,阴虚为主要病性。阴虚日久不愈,复灼上、中焦,加重全身症状。随着热邪转移,出现燥热、郁热、瘀热、虚热等病性变化。据此规律,治上焦当以清肺泻火、养阴滋阴。治中焦则并用清脾热养脾阴、泻肠腑热,防热下传。当下焦阴亏,宜滋补肾阴,防邪复传。本研究可为现代2型糖尿病病机演变及辨证论治提供理论基础。