基于MBSE的船型与水动力性能研究设计模式探讨

新兴技术与系统工程技术的快速发展,给船舶设计模式的变革带来了新的机遇。本文分析了当前船型与性能设计模式及其存在的局限性,同时简要介绍了基于模型的系统工程的基本原理和特征。在此基础上,针对当前船型与水动力性能设计过程中依赖经验缺乏创新能力、知识转化与重用程度不高、性能综合优化能力不足等问题,提出了模型驱动的船型与水动力性能设计模式的基本架构,给出了需要突破的关键技术,可为后续开展MBSE在船舶设计领域的应用实践提供一些参考。

极地破冰船的快速性优化设计

船舶的快速性是设计初期的重要性能指标,由于缺乏详细的母型船资料,很难完成破冰船快速性的准确评估和设计。针对上述问题,首先通过Maxsurf软件建立破冰船主体部分的模型并进行船型优化,得到船体的型值和型线图。然后综合航速、冰厚等因素比较不同的船级社规范,估算出了适合该破冰船的推进功率,并利用Hullspeed模块分析求解Holtrop法建立的阻力模型,得到了破冰船的阻力参数,将推进功率与阻力结合最终优化得到关于破冰船快速性的功率曲线。分析结果表明,设计破冰船的破冰功率与航速均符合现代破冰船的设计特点。因此,在设计初期,可以通过Holtorp法回归公式结合船级社规范对破冰船的快速性进行优化设计。

An integrated optimization design of a fishing ship hullform at different speeds

This paper shows how to improve the hydrodynamics performance of a ship by solving a shape optimization design problem at different speeds using the simulation-based design(SBD) technique. The SBD technique is implemented by integrating the advanced CFD codes, the global optimization algorithms and the geometry modification methods, which offers a new way for the hullform optimization design and the configuration innovation. The multiple speed integrated optimization for the hullform design is a challenge. In this paper, an example of the technique application for a fishing ship hullform optimization at different speeds is demonstrated. In this optimization process, the free-form deformation method is applied to automatically modify the geometry of the ship, and the multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) algorithm is adopted for exploring the design space. Two objective functions, the total resistances at two different speeds(12 kn and 14 kn) are assessed by the RANS solvers. The optimization results show that the decrease of the total resistance is significant after the optimization at the two speeds, with a reduction of 5.0% and 11.2%, respectively. Finally, dedicated experimental validations for the design model and the optimized model are carried out for the computation and the optimization processes. At the two speeds, the reduction of the total resistance in the model scale is about 6.0% and 11.8% after the optimization. It is a valuable result in view of the small modifications allowed and the good initial performances of the original model. The given practical example demonstrates the feasibility and the superiority of the proposed SBD technique for the multiple speed integrated optimization.

全局流场优化驱动的船舶水动力构型设计新方法

以船舶数值仿真技术为依托,以高速计算能力为基础,结合船体几何重构与变形技术,并将其融入基于现代优化分析理论的设计流程,建立了一种全局流场优化驱动的船舶水动力构型设计新方法/模式,国际上称之为SBD(Simulation Based Design)技术。该文系统介绍了该设计方法的概念内涵和关键技术,对国内外相关研究进展情况进行了总结和评述,并对后续发展趋势以及该方法在船型创新设计中的重要性进行了分析。