Development of RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay for rapid and reliable detection of human bocavirus 1

Human bocavirus(HBoV)1 is considered an important pathogen that mainly affects infants aged 6–24 months,but preventing viral transmission in resource-limited regions through rapid and affordable on-site diagnosis of individuals with early infection of HBoV1 remains somewhat challenging.Herein,we present a novel faster,lower cost,reliable method for the detection of HBoV1,which integrates a recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)assay with the CRISPR/Cas12a system,designated the RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay.The RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence system can specifically detect target gene levels as low as 0.5 copies of HBoV1 plasmid DNA per microliter within 40 min at 37℃without the need for sophisticated instruments.The method also demonstrates excellent specificity without cross-reactivity to non-target pathogens.Furthermore,the method was appraised using 28 clinical samples,and displayed high accuracy with positive and negative predictive agreement of 90.9%and 100%,respectively.Therefore,our proposed rapid and sensitive HBoV1 detection method,the RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay,shows promising potential for early on-site diagnosis of HBoV1 infection in the fields of public health and health care.The established RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay is rapid and reliable method for human bocavirus 1 detection.The RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay can be completed within 40 min with robust specificity and sensitivity of 0.5 copies/μl.

Three-dimensional Culture of Human Airway Epithelium in Matrigel for Evaluation of Human Rhinovirus C and Bocavirus Infections

Objective Newly identified human rhinovirus C （HRV-C） and human bocavirus （HBoV） cannot propagate in vitro in traditional cell culture models; thus obtaining knowledge about these viruses and developing related vaccines are difficult. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel platform for the propagation of these types of viruses.Methods A platform for culturing human airway epithelia in a three-dimensional （3D） pattern using Matrigel as scaffold was developed. The features of 3D culture were identified by immunochemical staining and transmission electron microscopy. Nucleic acid levels of HRV-C and HBoV in 3D cells at designated time points were quantitated by real-time polymerase chain reaction {PCR）. Levels of cytokines, whose secretion was induced by the viruses, were measured by ELISA.Results Properties of bronchial-like tissues, such as the expression of biomarkers CK5, ZO-2, and PCK, and the development of cilium-like protuberances indicative of the human respiration tract, were observed in 3D-cultured human airway epithelial （HAE） cultures, but not in monolayer-cultured cells. Nucleic acid levels of HRV-C and HBoV and levels of virus-induced cytokines were also measured using the 3D culture system.Conclusion Our data provide a preliminary indication that the 3D culture model of primary epithelia using a Matrigel scaffold in vitro can be used to propagate HRV-C and HBoV.

Human bocavirus: Current knowledge and future challenges

Human bocavirus(HBoV) is a parvovirus isolated about a decade ago and found worldwide in both respiratory samples, mainly from early life and children of 6-24 mo of age with acute respiratory infection, and in stool samples, from patients with gastroenteritis. Since then, other viruses related to the first HBoV isolate(HBoV 1), namely HBoV 2, HBoV 3 and HBoV 4, have been detected principally in human faeces. HBo Vs are small nonenveloped single-stranded DNA viruses of about 5300 nucleotides, consisting of three open reading frames encoding the first two the non-structural protein 1(NS1) and nuclear phosphoprotein(NP1) and the third the viral capsid proteins 1 and 2(VP1 and VP2). HBoV pathogenicity remains to be fully clarified mainly due to the lack of animal models for the difficulties in replicating the virus in in vitro cell cultures, and the fact that HBo V infection is frequently accompanied by at least another viral and/or bacterial respiratory and/or gastroenteric pathogen infection. Current diagnostic methods to support HBoV detection include polymerase chain reaction, real-time PCR, enzymelinked immunosorbent assay and enzyme immunoassay using recombinant VP2 or virus-like particle capsid proteins, although sequence-independent amplification techniques combined with next-generation sequencing platforms promise rapid and simultaneous detection of the pathogens in the future. This review presents the current knowledge on HBoV genotypes with emphasis on taxonomy, phylogenetic relationship and genomic analysis, biology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnostic methods. The emerging discussion on HBoV s as true pathogen or innocent bystander is also emphasized.

Human Bocavirus Infection in Children with Acute Respiratory Infection in Nairobi, Kenya

Background: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age in developing countries with viruses contributing significantly to this problem. The recently identified parvovirus, Human Bocavirus (HBoV), has also been associated with ARI. Objective: To determine the frequency of HBoV in patients with ARI. Materials and Methods: Samples from 125 consenting patients with influenza like illness signs and symptoms were collected. DNA was extracted from these samples using the QIAamp DNA blood mini kit (Qiagen, Germany). Conventional PCR was carried out and the amplicons were examined in 2% agarose gels stained with ethidium bromide. This was followed by sequencing of the HBoV positive samples. Results: Twenty one (16.8%) patients were found to have HBoV infection. Males (n = 61.9%) were mainly infected with HBoV. Local HBoV strains had 98.9% - 100% similarities and were found to cluster together with other strains obtained elsewhere. Conclusion: These findings suggest that HBoV plays a role in respiratory tract infections in children in Kenya just like it has been found elsewhere. It also sheds light on multiple infections associated with HBoV infections in Kenya.

Detection of Human Bocavirus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Lanzhou and Nanjing,China

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the prevalent characteristics of HBoV1 and its co-infection.Methods PCR was used to detect HBoV1-DNA（HBoV1） and other viruses.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore possibility of co-detected for related viruses.Results The positivity rates in Nanjing and Lanzhou were 9.38%（74/789） and 11.62%（161/1386）,respectively（P〉0.05）.The HBoV1 positive group was younger than negative group（P〈0.05）.Seasonal differences were noted,with a higher frequency of infection in December and July.HBoV1-positive children [72.34%（169/235）] were co-infected with other respiratory viruses.Multifactorial analysis showed no correlations between HBoV1 and the clinical classification,region,gender,age,or treatment as an outpatient or in a hospital.Correlations were identified between HBoV1 infections with ADV（OR=1.53,95% CI 1.03-2.28）,RSV（OR=0.71,95% CI 0.52-0.98）,and IFVA（OR=1.77,95% CI 1.00-3.13）.Conclusions Presence of HBoV1 in nasopharyngeal aspirates did not correlate with region or gender,although the prevalence of HBoV1 was higher in younger children.There were no correlations between HBoV1 and other variables,except for the season and ADV,RSV,or IFVA infections.

Human bocavirus infection in children hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections:Does viral load affect disease course?

Objective:To examine the effects of human bocavirus type 1(HBoV1)on the course of lower respiratory tract infections in cases of monoinfection and coinfection,and the effects of HBoV1 viral load on the disease in children under six years old hospitalized with a diagnosis of HBoV1-associated lower respiratory tract infections.Methods:Children under six years of age,who were hospitalized with the diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection due to HBoV1 between 1 January 2021 and 1 January 2022 were included in the study.Laboratory confirmation of the respiratory pathogens was performed using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Results:Fifty-four(16.4%)children with HBoV1 among 329 children whose PCR was positive with bacterial/viral agent in nasopharyngeal swab samples were included in the study.There were 28(51.9%)males and 26(48.1%)females with a median age 23.4 months[interquartile range(IQR):13.2,30.0 months](min-max:1 month-68 months).HBoV1 was detected as a monoinfecton in 26(48.1%)children,and as a coinfection with other respiratory agents in 28 children(51.9%).In multiple regression analysis,coinfection(P=0.032)was associated with the length of hospitalization(P<0.001;R^(2)=0.166).There was a negative correlation(r=−0.281,P=0.040)between cough and cycle threshold.Fever was found to be positively correlated with C-reactive protein(r=0.568,P<0.001)and procalcitonin(r=0.472;P=0.001).Conclusions:Although we found a higher HBoV1 viral load in children with more cough symptoms in our study,it had no effect on the severity of the disease,such as length of hospital stay and need for intensive care.Coinfection was found to affect the length of hospitalization.

WLL-1株博卡病毒(Bocavirus)全基因组序列分析

Human bocavirus,which was firstly discovered in 2005,is a new human parvovirus associated with lower respiratory tract infection in children.In this study,a human bocavirus,named WLL-1 isolate,was identified in Wenlin County, Zhejiang Province.The genome of bocavirus WLL-1 has been sequenced and analyzed.Phylogenetic analyses showed that WLL-1 shares 99% homology with other bocaviruses recently reported,but also has some special variations.

WLL-1株博卡病毒(Bocavirus)基因组测序及生物信息学分析

目的对分离的人博卡病毒WLL-1株进行全基因组测序和生物信息学分析。方法运用NCBI提供的blastp分析各编码蛋白质的同源性;用SIB提供的ProtParam和ScanProsite推测计算蛋白质的各种物理特性参数。蛋白进行结构域分析采用SIB提供的ScanProsite。对具有同源序列和无同源序列的蛋白分别采用SwissProt和Scratch Protein Predictor预测其三级结构。蛋白质功能分析采用CBS Prediction Servers提供的ProtFun软件。结果WLL-1病毒株与其它微小病毒不存在亲缘关系,与目前报道的其他几株人博卡病毒有高度同源的基因组序列。WLL-1病毒株与其它已报道的病毒株有一定的进化距离,具有一些独特的突变位点。在NS1蛋白中发现调节DNA复制的超家族3结构域,在衣壳蛋白VP1、VP2中发现了在病毒的自组装中起重要作用的"β桶"拓扑基序。发现NP1蛋白具有多个N-糖基化及磷酸化修饰位点。结论经基因顺序分离病毒为人博卡病毒,这些位点参与病毒基因的翻译调控。

铝佐剂对HBoV1 VP2 VLPs诱导小鼠免疫应答的影响

目的:探讨铝佐剂对HBoV1 VP2 VLPs诱导小鼠免疫应答的影响。方法:BABL/c小鼠随机分为VLPs实验组、明矾佐剂实验组、PBS对照组和明矾佐剂对照组。实验组小鼠分别采用HBoV1 VP2 VLPs和HBoV1 VP2 VLPs加明矾佐剂肌肉注射免疫,对照组小鼠同期注射等量明矾佐剂或PBS缓冲液;实验8周后ELISA检测两实验组特异性Ig G抗体效价和活性,ELIspot检测两实验组特异性细胞免疫反应强度,从细胞免疫和体液免疫强度探讨铝佐剂对HBoV1 VP2 VLPs诱导小鼠免疫应答的影响。结果:明矾佐剂降低HBoV1 VP2 VLPs诱导细胞免疫反应强度(P<0.001),增强HBoV1 VP2 VLPs诱导的血清Ig G效价(P<0.01)和Ig G活性(P<0.05)。结论:明矾佐剂使HBoV1 VP2 VLPs诱导的体液免疫反应增强而细胞免疫反应减弱。HBoV1 VP2 VLPs作为预防性疫苗使用时应添加明矾佐剂,作为治疗性疫苗使用时应不加明矾佐剂。

Human bocavirus in children hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infection in Rome

Background The role of human bocavirus (HBoV) as a respiratory pathogen has not been fulfilled yet.We aimed to describe clinical and serological characteristics of children with HBoV hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infection and to evaluate whether differences occur between HBoV alone and in co-infection.Methods We retrospectively reviewed data from 60 children (median age of 6.2 months,range 0.6-70.9) hospitalized for acute respiratory symptoms,with HBoV detected from a respiratory sample,using a reverse transcriptase-PCR for 14 respiratory viruses (including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV),influenza virus A and B,human coronavirus OC43,229E,NL-63 and HUK1,adenovirus,rhinovirus,parainfluenza virus 1-3,and human metapneumovirus).Results HBoV was detected alone in 29 (48.3%) patients,while in co-infection with other viruses in 31 patients (51.7%),with a peak between December and January.Among the 60 patients,34 were bronchiolitis,19 wheezing,3 pneumonia,2 upper respiratory tract infection,and 2 whooping cough.Seven children (11.6%) required admission to the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for respiratory failure.No differences was observed in age,family history for atopy and/or asthma,clinical presentations,chest X-ray,or laboratory findings in children with HBoV alone vs.multiple viral detection.RSV was the most frequently co-detected virus (61.3%).When compared with HBoV detection alone,the co-detection of RSV and HBoV was associated with male sex (P=0.013),younger age (P=0.01),and lower blood neutrophil count (P=0.032).Conclusions HBoV can be detected alone and in co-infection respiratory samples of children with an acute respiratory tract infection.A cause-effect relationship between HBoV and respiratory infection is not clear,so further studies are needed to clarify this point.

Human bocavirus infections are common in Beijing population indicated by sero-antibody prevalence analysis

Background Human bocavirus （HBoV） is a newly identified human parvovirus that was originally detected in the respiratory secretions of children with respiratory infections. This study aimed to learn about the importance of HBoV infections by revealing the prevalence of serum antibodies against HBoV in Beijing population. Methods Two batches of serum specimens collected in different periods were tested by Western blotting for specific IgG against HBoV using recombinant VP2 as antigen. Results Out of 677 serum specimens collected during April 1996 to March 1997, 400 （59.1%） were positive and antibody positive rate for another batch of 141 serum specimens collected in August, 2005 from adults aged from 20 years to over 60 years was 78.7% （111/141）. Comparison of the sero-prevalence profiles for serum specimens collected during 1996-1997 to those collected in 2005 indicated that the antibody positive rate for specimens collected in 2005 was higher than that of the corresponding age groups collected during 1996-1997. Conclusions The data suggest that HBoV has been circulating in Beijing population for at least over 10 years, and most of children had been exposed to HBoV by age of 7 years. Higher HBoV antibody positive rate shown in the serum specimens collected in 2005 suggested that infections by HBoV have been increased in Beijing population in recent years.

儿童重症博卡病毒感染的临床特点分析

目的 分析儿童重症博卡病毒(HBo V)感染的临床特点。方法 回顾性分析2019年11月至2023年12月汕头大学深圳市儿童医院儿童重症监护病房(PICU)收治的76例HBoV检测阳性患儿的临床资料。结果 纳入的患儿中,有72例符合重症肺炎诊断,男49例,女23例,年龄19.4(3.0,96.0)个月;10~12月发病37例(51.4%);PICU住院时间为5.1(1.0,31.0)d;合并急性呼吸衰竭48例(66.7%);气管插管机械通气28例(38.9%);单纯HBoV感染29例(40.3%),混合感染43例(59.7%);单纯HBoV感染组与混合感染组PICU住院时间、并发症发生率、使用机械通气率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);相较于单纯HBoV感染组,混合感染组总住院时间更长(P <0.05)。≤1岁组和> 1岁组的总住院时间、PICU住院时间、并发症发生率、使用机械通气率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。基础疾病组总住院时间、PICU住院时间均长于无基础疾病组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 HBoV可作为单独致病病原引起重症肺炎,患儿以呼吸衰竭为主要并发症。合并基础疾病、存在混合感染的患儿需要较长时间的重症监护治疗,临床须予以重视。

粤东地区呼吸道感染住院儿童人博卡病毒的感染特点分析

目的分析粤东地区呼吸道感染住院患儿人博卡病毒(HBoV)流行病学特征,为粤东地区儿童HBoV的防治提供数据支持。方法13499例呼吸道感染住院患儿,对其咽拭子标本行巨细胞病毒(CMV)、肺炎链球菌(SP)、HBoV等16种病原体核酸检测。观察呼吸道病原体检出结果;分析HBoV感染的年龄、年份、季节分布情况,HBoV单纯感染、混合感染检出情况及临床表现。结果13499例患儿中,HBoV阳性检出269例,阳性率为1.99%。幼儿期患儿HBoV阳性检出率最高,为3.75%(215/5737),其次是婴儿期(1.13%)、学龄前期(0.19%),学龄期未检出HBoV阳性,不同时期患儿HBoV阳性检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。269例HBoV阳性患儿中,≤3岁患儿占98.51%(265/269),尤其是1~2岁年龄段患儿占65.80%(177/269)。HBoV春夏秋冬四季阳性检出率分别为1.65%、1.23%、2.55%、2.50%,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HBoV一年四季均可检出,以秋冬季节流行为主。2019年4月~2020年3月、2020年4月~2021年3月、2021年4月~2022年3月及2022年4月~2023年3月HBoV阳性检出率分别为2.64%、2.26%、1.58%、1.63%,阳性检出率有下降趋势,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HBoV单纯感染78例,占29.00%(78/269);HBoV混合感染191例,占71.00%(191/269)。HBoV单纯感染患儿临床特征为咳嗽(78例,100.00%)、发热(53例,67.95%)、喘息(37例,47.44%);HBoV混合感染患儿临床特征为咳嗽(190例,99.48%)、发热(133例,69.63%)、喘息(88例,46.07%);HBoV单纯感染、混合感染患儿临床特征比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论HBoV是粤东地区呼吸道感染住院患儿的主要病原体之一,在秋冬季节流行,主要感染幼儿期儿童,尤其是1~2岁儿童,感染后常出现咳嗽、发热及喘息等症状。

Human bocavirus 1 and 2 genotype-specific antibodies for rapid antigen testing in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections

Background Previous serological studies of human bocavirus(HBoV)1 could not exclude cross-reactivity with the other three HBoVs,particularly HBoV2.Methods To search for genotype-specific antibodies against HBoV1 and HBoV2,the divergent regions(DRs)located on the major capsid protein VP3 were defined through viral amino acid alignment and structure prediction.DR-deduced peptides were used as antigens to harvest corresponding anti-DR rabbit sera.To determine their genotype specificities for HBoV1 and HBoV2,these sera samples were used as antibodies against the antigens VP3 of HBoV1 and HBoV2(expressed in Escherichia coli)in western blotting(WB),enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and bio-layer interferometry(BLI)assays.Subsequently,the antibodies were evaluated with clinical specimens from pediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infection by indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA).Results There were four DRs(DR1–4)located on VP3 with different secondary and tertiary structures between HBoV1 and HBoV2.Regarding the reactivity with VP3 of HBoV1 or HBoV2 in WB and ELISA,high intra-genotype cross-reactivity of anti-HBoV1 or HBoV2 DR1,DR3,and DR4,but not anti-DR2,was observed.Genotype-specific binding capacity of anti-DR2 sera was confirmed by BLI and IFA,in which only anti-HBoV1 DR2 antibody reacted with HBoV1-positive respiratory specimens.Conclusion Antibodies against DR2,located on VP3 of HBoV1 or HBoV2,were genotype specific for HBoV1 and HBoV2,respectively.

儿童急性呼吸道博卡病毒感染

了解博卡病毒（Human Bocavirus，HBoV）在我国儿童急性呼吸道疾病中的感染情况。采用PCR扩增的方法对2005年10月～2006年1月收集的72例急性呼吸道感染的住院儿童鼻咽抽吸物（nasopharyngeal aspirates，NPA）进行了HBoV基因检测。将PCR阳性产物进行TA克隆，测序，并将所测序列与GenBank中HBoV序列进行比较分析。72份标本中共检测到6份HBoV阳性扩增产物，阳性率为8．3％（6／72），该6例HBoV刚性患儿临床均有肺炎或支气管肺炎症状。由此可以初步看出HBoV可能也是儿童急性呼吸道感染中较为重要的一个病原，且可能与儿童急性下呼吸道感染存在相关性。

1527例喘息住院患儿病毒病原学分析

目的了解当前喘息儿童病毒感染病原学的状况。方法对2010至2011年因喘息住院治疗的1527例儿童应用逆转录PCR方法检测人类偏肺病毒（hMPV），实时PCI0方法检测人类博卡病毒（hBoV），同时采用直接免疫荧光法检测呼吸道分泌物中呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、流感病毒（IVA、IVB）、副流感病毒（PinfⅠ～Ⅲ）和腺病毒（ADV）。结果1527例患儿的标本中病毒检测阳性者705例，总检出率46．2％，其中〈3岁患儿占90．1％；分别为RSV344例（22．5％）、PinfⅢ156例（10．2％），hBoV89例（5．8％），hMPV60例（3．9％），ADV18例（1．4％），PinfI18例（1．2％），IVB11例（O．7％），IVA8例（0．5％），PinfⅡl例（0．1％）。合并感染2种病毒者38例，最常见为hMPvA并hBoV感染（21．1％）和RSvA并hBoV感染（21．1％）。相比hMPV．PinfⅢ、hBOV感染患儿，RSV感染患儿的平均年龄小，气促、呼吸困难、紫绀表现更多见，平均住院时间更长，差异均有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。RSvJ惑染于每年的1至3月及10至12月间流行，hMPV的检出高峰在2至4月，PinfⅢ的检出高峰在6至7月，hBoV的检出高峰在6至8月。结论RSv是诱发儿童喘息最常见的病毒病原，hBoV和hMPV位居第3、4位，Rsv为冬春季节引起喘息的主要病原，PinfⅢ、hBoV为夏秋季节引起喘息的主要病原。hMPV和hBoV感染后的临床症状无特异性，RSV感染怠扎年龄较小、病情柱对重。

人博卡病毒基因克隆及衣壳编码基因序列变异分析

为了解人博卡病毒(Human Bocavirus,HBoV)VP1基因进化关系;阐明HBoV目前具体的变化规律,用PCR的方法扩增了1株HBoV的全基因和9株HBoV的VP1基因,克隆并测序,在此基础上,将HBoV的全基因序列和衣壳序列分别与细小病毒亚科其他14个有代表性的病毒进行遗传分析,构建进化树,对目前所有可得到的HBoV的17个衣壳蛋白进行二级结构分析和抗原性分析。结果显示:HBoV全基因序列与B19关系较远,但衣壳序列遗传关系较近。以有典型性的猫瘟细小病毒(Feline parvovirus,FPV)衣壳蛋白为参照,分析多个HBoV衣壳序列之间的变异情况,显示HBoV衣壳的二级结构基础表现出较高的保守性,序列之间的变化主要发生在高抗原区域和感染活性区域。衣壳病毒变异情况显示HBoV在稳定自身的情况下表现出一定的活跃性以逃避免疫反应,也表现出一定的感染适应力。

太原地区急性呼吸道人偏肺病毒和人博卡病毒感染患儿临床特征分析

目的了解太原地区急性呼吸道感染(ARTIs)儿童人偏肺病毒(hMPV)与人博卡病毒(HBoV)的感染情况及其临床和流行病学特征。方法采集2012年11月—2013年5月及2013年11月—2014年5月就诊的ARTIs患儿549例,采集咽拭子标本,应用实时PCR方法检测hMPV与HBoV。结果 549例患儿的咽拭子标本中hMPV阳性56例(10.2%),HBoV阳性15例(2.7%)。其中2012年11月—2013年5月hMPV与HBoV检出率分别为12.3%和2.0%,2013年11月—2014年5月hMPV与HBoV检出率分别为6.5%和4.0%,两时间段hMPV检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),HBoV检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同月份hMPV、HBoV检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。hMPV与HBoV均在<2岁组中检出率最高。hMPV在喘息性支气管炎与毛细支气管炎患儿中检出率最高。结论太原地区hMPV和HBoV与部分儿童尤其是婴幼儿ARTIs有关,hMPV是诱发部分婴幼儿喘息性疾病的重要病原体之一。

2009—2010年苏州地区博卡病毒感染住院患儿临床特征分析

目的探讨苏州地区因急性呼吸道感染住院患儿中人类博卡病毒(human bocavirus,HBoV)感染的临床特征。方法收集2009年1月—2010年12月因急性呼吸道感染住院的3 826例患儿的痰标本,应用实时PCR检测HBoV DNA,直接免疫荧光法检测呼吸道合胞病毒、流感病毒(A、B)、副流感病毒(1～3)和腺病毒,同时采用逆转录PCR检测人偏肺病毒RNA,并进行细菌培养及荧光定量PCR检测支原体DNA,分析HBoV感染的临床特点及流行病学特征,并与呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)进行比较。结果 3 816份标本共检测到HBoV 272例(7.13%),仅次于RSV;HBoV单独感染率为32.7%,与其他呼吸道病毒的合并感染率为18.38%,高于RSV和其他病毒的合并感染率(P<0.05)。HBoV感染全年均有发生,夏季最多;6～18月龄婴幼儿检出率最高,占48.17%。在住院患儿中,HBoV主要引起支气管肺炎(85.39%),临床症状主要表现为咳嗽(96.63%)、喘息(46.07%)、发热(56.18%)。与RSV相比,HBoV感染患儿的白细胞、中性粒细胞比例、CRP均高于RSV,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 HBoV是苏州地区小儿呼吸道感染的重要病原体之一,有单独的致病性,与RSV相比,在年龄、季节分布、临床症状、实验室指标等方面有明显差异。

长沙地区急性下呼吸道感染住院儿童人博卡病毒感染的初步研究

目的了解人博卡病毒(HBoV)在长沙地区急性下呼吸道感染住院儿童中的流行情况及临床特征,比较分析其区域流行特点。方法收集2007年9月—2008年3月长沙地区773份急性下呼吸道感染住院儿童鼻咽抽吸物(nasopharyngeal aspirates,NPAs)样本进行HBoV病毒NP1基因检测,将PCR阳性产物测序,并将所测序列在GenBank中进行比较分析。结果 773例样本中,HBoV阳性例数87例,HBoV感染患儿年龄为18 d～64个月,冬春季节流行,主要的临床诊断与症状是支气管肺炎与咳嗽;所测序列与GenBank公布的不同地区的HBoV NP1基因核苷酸序列同源性达99.53%,氨基酸序列同源性达99.8%,对核苷酸序列作基因进化树分析显示属于1种基因型。结论长沙地区部分急性下呼吸道感染儿童与人博卡病毒有关,且HBoV感染在低年龄组的儿童中更常见;一种基因型在长沙地区流行。