Effects of bisphenol compounds on the growth and epithelial mesenchymal transition of MCF-7 CV human breast cancer cells

Bisphenol-A（BPA） has been considered as an endocrine disrupting chemical（EDC） because it can exert estrogenic properties.For bisphenol-S（BPS） and bisphenol-F（BPF） that are BPA analogs and substitutes,their risk to estrogendependent cancer has been reported rarely compared with the numerous cases of BPA.In this study,we examined whether BPA,BPS,and BPF can lead to the proliferation,migration,and epithelial mesenchymal transition（EMT） of MCF-7 clonal variant（MCF-7 CV） breast cancer cells expressing estrogen receptors（ERs）.In a cell viability assay,BPA,BPS,and BPF significantly increased proliferation of MCF-7 CV cells compared to control（DMSO） as did17β-estradiol（E2）.In Western blotting assay,BPA,BPS,and BPF enhanced the protein expression of cell cycle progression genes such as cyclin D1 and E1.In addition,MCF-7 CV cells lost cell to cell contacts and acquired fibroblast-like morphology by the treatment of BPA,BPS,or BPF for 24 hours.In cell migration assay,BPA,BPS,and BPF accelerated the migration capability of MCF-7 CV cells as did E2.In relation with the EMT process,BPA,BPS,and BPF increased the protein expression of N-cadherin,while they decreased the protein expression of Ecadherin.When BPA,BPS,and BPF were co-treated with ICI 182,780,an ER antagonist,proliferation effects were reversed,the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 was downregulated,and the altered cell migration and expression of N-cadherin and E-cadherin by BPA,BPS,and BPF were restored to the control level.Thus,these results imply that BPS and BPF also have the risk of breast cancer progression as much as BPA in the induction of proliferation and migration of MCF-7 CV cells by regulating the protein expression of cell cycle-related genes and EMT markers via the ER-dependent pathway.

QCM Detection of Adhesion, Spreading and Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7) on a Gold Surface

The quartz crystal microbalance （QCM） was used to monitor the one-day incubation of human breast cancer cells （MCF-7） on the gold electrode. In combination with an optical microscope simulation experiment, the cell-population pictures at various stages, the QCM responses to the cells＇ adhesion, spreading and proliferation on the electrode surface were discussed. The △f0 and △R1 responses were found mainly from mixed effects of viscodensity and surface stress, and in proportion to the cell coverage, rather than to the number of cells at the electrode. The significant fore-and-aft changes in cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the ferri-ferrocyanide redox couple also proved that the cells were adhesion to the gold surface.

The establishment of stable transfection of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MD-468 with exogenous PTEN gene

To investigate exogenous PTEN gene transfected human breast cancer cell line MDA-MD-468.Methods Using the lipofectamine 2000 transfection technique,wild type PTEN gene was transducted into an in vitro cultured highly metastatic breast cancer cell line MDA-MD-468.After transfection,the cells were selected by G418.The resistant clones were chosen and expanded in DMEM culture medium.RT-PCR,immunohistochemical method and western blot were used to determine the expression of target genes.Results An anti-G418 cell clone was established and expanded in culture.The transfected PTEN gene MDA-MD-468 cells showed expression of PTEN mRNA and PTEN protein.Conclusion Human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468 established in this study expresses consistently exogenous PTEN genes.4 refs,6 figs.

Effects of Estradiol and Tamoxifen on Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer Cells and Human Endometrial Cells

The effects of estradiol and tamoxifen on the proliferation of estrogen receptor positive cells and the relationship between the tamoxifen tolerance and cell origin were investigated The tissues of human endometrium and breast cancer were randomly selected following dissection for primary cell culture After the breast cancer cells and endometrial cells were treated with 1×10 -8 mol/L estradiol and/or 1 ×10 -6 tamoxifen, 3H-labelled thymine nucleotide was used to trace the kinetics of cell proliferation There was no significant difference in the inhibition on the human endometrial cells between tamoxifen-treated group (6 3%) and control group (6 4%), but tamoxifen could significantly inhibit the proliferation of the human breast cancer cells (45 84%) as compared with control group (52 72%) Moreover, tamoxifen could significantly stimulate the proliferation of tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cells (9 64%) as compared with control group (6 32%) Estradiol could significantly stimulate the proliferation of all the three kinds of cells as compared with control group The combined use of estradiol and tamoxifen could inhibit the proliferation of the endometrial cells and breast cancer cells as compared with estradiol used alone, but on the tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cells, they could more significantly stimulate the proliferation than E2 It was concluded that E2 could stimulate the proliferation of these three kinds of cells However, the inhibitive effects of tamoxifen on the proliferation of these cells were dependent on the estradiol

Sensitivity Evaluation of Two Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines to Tamoxifen through Apoptosis Induction

Tamoxifen citrate (TAM) has been used to treat breast cancer in women for many years. The com-parative effects of TAM in inducing apoptosis were evaluated in estrogen receptor-positive (ER- positive MCF-7) and estrogen receptor-negative (ER-negative MDA-MB-231) human breast cancer cell lines in vitro in order to determine if these two cell lines differ in their sensitivity to TAM. Mi-tochondrial membrane permeability potential disruption was assessed in both cell lines by a lip-ophilic cationic dye (DePsipher assay, Trevigen, Inc.) utilizing fluorescence microscopy. Using this specific fluorochrome, we were able to associate mitochondrial membrane disruption to early, mid-, and late apoptotic cells. TAM induced cell death via apoptosis in both ER-positive and ER- negative cells, however, apoptosis induction was more pronounced in ER-positive MCF-7 compared to ER-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. These findings may have some therapeutic use in the treatment of estrogen dependent and estrogen independent breast cancer.

Effects of Volatile Oils of Sichuan Citrisarcodactylis fructus on Proliferation and Apoptosis of MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells

[Objectives] To study the effects of volatile oils of Sichuan Citrisarcodactylis fructus on proliferation and apoptosis of MCF-7human breast cancer cells.[Methods]CCK-8 method was used to measure the cell proliferation,the flow cytometry was used to measure changes in cell cycle,Western blot was used to detect p53 and cyclin D1 activity changes,TUNEL method was used to measure percentage of apoptotic cells,inverted phase contrast microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to observe morphology of MCF-7 cells treated with different concentrations.[Results]When the concentration was 5-50 μmol/L,the cell proliferation inhibition rate increased significantly(P <0. 05),G2/M phase decreased significantly( P < 0. 05),eventually disappeared completely,G1 phase significantly increased with time and concentration( P < 0. 05),finally reached 90. 0%; the activity of cyclin D1 significantly declined( P < 0. 05),while the activity of p53 had no significant change( P > 0. 05). The apoptotic rate of MCF-7 cells significantly increased with the extension of time( P < 0. 05). At6 h,12 h and 24 h of action time,the apoptotic rate of MCF-7 cells significantly increased with the increase in volatile oil concentration(P <0. 05). Morphological observation showed that the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells was obvious.[Conclusions]The volatile oils of Citrisarcodactylis fructus have obvious inhibition of proliferation of MCF-7 cells and function of inducing apoptosis,and the effects took on the dose and time dependent. 5-50 μmol/L volatile oil of Sichuan Citrisarcodactylis fructus can inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and induce the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells through inhibiting the cyclin D1.

EGFR antisense RNA blocks expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor and partially reverse the malignant phenotype of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells

The effects of human EGFR to the malignant phenotype of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 were investigated experimentally. A retroviral vector containing a 5’1350bp fragment of the human EGFR cDNA in the antisense orientation was transfected into targeted cells by lipofectamine. The effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle and adherent ability to extracellular matrix (ECM) components were studied after the expression of antisense transcripts to EGFR 5’1350bp fragment in target cells. In vitro studies showed that the growth ability of the transfected cells was partialy inhibited in comparison to parental cells and to cells transfected with the plasmid containing the neomycin resistance gene only. It was found that EGF (10ng/ml) had an augmenation effect on the growth of transfected MDA-AS10 cells but not MDA-MB-231 cells.Flow cytometric analysis showed that the cell cycle of the transfected cells was abnormal with a decrease of cells in G2/M and S phases and an increase of cells in G1 phase,indicating a blockage in phase G1. Immunofluorescence of EGFR expression in transfectants stained with an antiEGFR antibody was decreased and their growth in soft agarose was also severely impaired. The transfected cells showed less adherence to laminin (LN) and fibronectin (FN). In short, EGFR antisense RNA decreases the expression of EGFR on MDA-MB-231 cells and partially reverses their malignant phenotype as well.Effects of antisense EGFR on human breast cancer MDA-MB-231

Loss of the vitamin D receptor in human breast and prostate cancers strongly induces cell apoptosis through downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Vitamin D co-regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in numerous tissues, including cancers. The known anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic actions of the active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D [1,25（OH）2D] are mediated through binding to the vitamin D receptor （VDR）. Here, we report on the unexpected finding that stable knockdown of VDR expression in the human breast and prostate cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and PC3, strongly induces cell apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation in vitro. Implantation of these VDR knockdown cells into the mammary fat pad （MDA-MB-231）, subcutaneously （PC3） or intra-tibially （both cell lines） in immune-incompetent nude mice resulted in reduced tumor growth associated with increased apoptosis and reduced cell proliferation compared with controls. These growth-retarding effects of VDR knockdown occur in the presence and absence of vitamin D and are independent of whether cells were grown in bone or soft tissues. Transcriptome analysis of VDR knockdown and non-target control cell lines demonstrated that loss of the VDR was associated with significant attenuation in the Wnt/0-catenin signaling pathway. In particular, cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin protein levels were reduced with a corresponding downregulation of downstream genes such as Axin2, Cyclin D1, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, and IL-8. Stabilization of 0-catenin using the GSK-3β inhibitor BIO partly reversed the growth-retarding effects of VDR knockdown. Our results indicate that the unliganded VDR possesses hitherto unknown functions to promote breast and prostate cancer growth, which appear to be operational not only within but also outside the bone environment. These novel functions contrast with the known anti-proliferative nuclear actions of the liganded VDR and may represent targets for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in breast and prostate cancer.

Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells in breast reconstruction following surgery for cancer: A controversial issue

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Patients, in particular young women, after surgical removal of the tumor have a poorer quality of life and psychological problems. Plastic surgery procedures for breast reconstruction, including autologous fat grafting, concur to reduce cosmetic and psychological problems. The maintenance of the transplanted fat is partially due to the presence of resident adipose derived-stem cells (ASCs). The latter can be isolated by digestion and centrifugation from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of subcutaneous adipose tissue. Intraoperatory SVF/ASC enrichment has been proposed to stabilize and optimalize autologous fat engraftment for breast reconstructive surgery after mastectomy, but the safety of these procedures is still uncertain. Although the literature offers contrasting opinions concerning the effects of ASCs on cancer growth according to the tumor type, at the present time ASC implementation for regenerative medicine therapies should be carefully considered in patients previously treated for breast cancer. At the present, reconstructive therapy utilizing ASC-enriched fat grafting should be postponed until there is no evidence of active disease.

Inhibitory Effects of Mild Hyperthermia plus Docetaxel Therapy on ER(+/–) Breast Cancer Cells and Action Mechanisms

Summary： The purpose of this study was to verify that a combination of mild hyperthermia and do- cetaxel chemotherapy produces synergistic antitumor effects and to explore the action mechanisms of this treatment approach. The effects of docetaxel on the proliferation of cells from the estrogen receptor （ER）-positive human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and the ER-negative human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-453 were examined by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay, and effective experimental concentrations of docetaxel were determined. The effects of mild hy- perthermia plus docetaxel therapy on apoptosis rate in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 human breast cancer cell lines were analyzed by using flow cytometry with Annexin-V fluorescein isothiocyanate （FITC）/propidium iodide （PI） staining. The effects of these combined treatments on cell cycle progres- sion in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 human breast cancer cell lines were examined by using flow cy- tometry. The effects of these combined treatments on the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and proteins in the mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathways were analyzed by using Western blotting. The effects of these combined treatments on the expression of the heat shock protein 70 （HSP70） and the multi-drug resistance （MDR） gene product P-glycoprotein （Pgp） were examined by using Western blotting. The results showed that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration （IC50） of do- cetaxel for MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 cells was 19.57±1.12 and 21.64±2.31 gmol/L respectively. Mild hyperthermia with docetaxel therapy could increase apoptosis rate in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 cells. Apoptosis rate in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 cells was increased from （23.66±3.59）% and （18.51±3.17）% in docetaxel treatment group to （47.12±6.73）% and （55.16±7.42）% in mild hyperthermia plus docetaxel group, indicating that the mild hyperthermia and docetaxel therapeutic approaches exhib- ited significant synergistic antitumor effects. Treatments of mild hyperthermia plus docetaxel induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 cells. Western blotting demonstrated that pro- teins in the MAPK pathway were expressed at higher levels in docetaxel-treated cells following mild hypothermia than those in cells treated with docetaxel alone. As compared with blank control group, cells from the mild hyperthermia plus docetaxel group exhibited significantly decreased B-cell lym- phoma 2 （Bcl-2） protein expression but slightly increased Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） expression. Western blotting results revealed that HSP70 and Pgp expression levels were significantly increased following mild hypothermia. It was concluded that treatments of mild hyperthermia plus docetaxel in- hibited the proliferation of human breast cancer cells, promoted apoptosis of breast cancer cells, and produced synergistic antitumor effects.

REVERSION OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE IN THE P-GLYCOPROTEIN POSITIVE BREAST CANCER CELL LINE(MCF-7/ADR) BY INTRODUCTION OF HAMMERHEAD RIBOZYME

A hammerhead ribozyme which site-specifically cleaved the GUC position in canon 880 of the mdr1 mRNA was designed. The target site was chosen between the two ATP binding sites, which may be important for the function of the P-Gp as an ATP-dependent pump. A DNA sequence encoding the ribozyme gene was then incorporated into a eukaryotic expression vector (pH Apr-1 neo) and transfected into the breast cancer cell line MCF-7/Adr, which is resistant to adriamycin and expresses the MDR phenotype. The ribozyme was stably expressed in the cell line by the RNA dot blotting assay. The result of Northern blot assay showed that the expressed ribozyme could decrease the level of mdrl mRNA expression by 83. 5 %; and the expressed ribozyme could inhibite the formation of p-glycoprotein detected by immuno- cy-tochemistry assay and could reduce the cell’s resistance to adrimycin; this means that the resistant cells were 1 000-fold more resistant than the parental cell line(MCF-7), whereas those cell clones that showed ribozyme expression were only 6-fold more resistant than the parental cell line. These results show that a potentially useful tool is at hand which may inactivate MDR1 mRNA and revert the multidrug resistance phenotype.

Lymphocyte subsets predictive value and possible involvement of human papilloma virus infection on breast cancer molecular subtypes

AIM To detect human papilloma virus(HPV) presence and to characterize cellular immune response in breast cancer patients. METHODS A total of 74 women were included, of which 48 samples were from patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 26 patients with benign pathology of the breast. Molecular subtype classification was performed based on the immunohistochemical reports of the tumor piece. HPV genome detection and genotyping from fresh breast biopsies was performed using the INNO-LIPA HPV Genotyping Extra test(Innogenetics, Ghent, Belgium). CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and natural killer(NK)+ cells levels from peripheral blood samples from patients with breast cancer and benign pathology were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Luminal A was the most frequent breast cancer molecular subtype(33.33%). HPV was detected in 25% of the breast cancer patients, and genotype 18 was the most frequent in the studied population. The mean of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ subpopulations were decreased in patients with breast cancer, in relation to those with benign pathology, with a statistically significant difference in CD8+ values(P = 0.048). The mean of NK+ cells was increased in the benign pathology group. The average level of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and NK+ cells decreased as the disease progressed. HER2+ and Luminal B HER2+ tumors had the lowest counts of cell subsets. HPV breast cancer patients had elevated counts of cellular subsets. CONCLUSION Determining level changes in cellular subsets in breast cancer patients is a useful tool to evaluate treatment response.

毛酸浆内酯通过抑制STAT3诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡

[目的]旨在探讨信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)在毛酸浆内酯(PPB)诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡中发挥的作用。[方法]采用荧光染色法分析PPB诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡;使用生物信息学方法预测PPB抗乳腺癌的潜在机制;采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法考察STAT3抑制剂S3I-201以及STAT3小干扰RNA(siRNA)对PPB抑制MCF-7细胞生长的作用;采用蛋白免疫印迹(Western Blot)法考察PPB单独处理或STAT3 siRNA预处理后对MCF-7细胞中STAT3、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶8(Caspase8)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶9(Caspase9)、细胞色素c(Cytochrome c)以及多聚ADP核糖聚合酶(PARP)蛋白表达的影响。[结果]MCF-7细胞经PPB作用后凋亡形态特征明显,凋亡比例上升;生物信息学结果显示PPB与乳腺癌疾病的共同靶点STAT3在乳腺癌组织中高表达,单基因GSEA结果提示STAT3高表达与凋亡信号通路呈负相关;Western Blot法检测结果显示PPB能够抑制STAT3的磷酸化;S3I-201抑制剂或siRNA敲降STAT3均能进一步促进PPB抑制MCF-7细胞生长;此外,敲降STAT3进一步增加PPB对促凋亡蛋白Bax、Cytochrome c、裂解的Caspase8(Cleaved-Caspase8)、裂解的Caspase9(Cleaved-Caspase9)以及裂解的PARP(Cleaved-PARP)的促进作用,并增加PPB对抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的抑制作用。[结论]PPB通过抑制STAT3诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡。

硼替佐米单药或联合氨氯地平诱导人乳腺癌细胞焦亡

目的研究硼替佐米(Bor)单药或联合氨氯地平(Ad)对人乳腺癌细胞焦亡的作用。方法用不同浓度Bor处理MCF-7细胞,采用MTT实验检测细胞活力,倒置显微镜相差观察细胞焦亡形态变化,检测LDH释放量,流式细胞术检测焦亡细胞,Western blot实验检测焦孔素(GSDM)E蛋白。此外,Bor联合Ad共同处理MCF-7细胞,采用Chou-Talalay分析联合用药,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态学变化,检测LDH释放量,流式细胞术检测焦亡细胞,Western blot实验检测GSDME蛋白、抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2和PARP蛋白表达。结果与对照组细胞相比,Bor浓度依赖性地抑制MCF-7细胞增殖,上调GSDME-N蛋白表达(P<0.001),诱导细胞焦亡;Bor联合Ad协同抑制MCF-7细胞增殖,降低Bcl-2蛋白(P<0.01),升高GSDME-N蛋白(P<0.001),同时升高Cleaved-PARP蛋白表达,协同诱导细胞焦亡和凋亡。结论Bor单药诱导乳腺癌细胞焦亡,抑制细胞增殖,具有很好的抗肿瘤作用。Bor联合Ad可能通过抑制Bcl-2蛋白表达诱导乳腺癌细胞焦亡和细胞凋亡,协同抑制细胞增殖,具有治疗乳腺癌的潜力。

β-紫罗兰酮通过Caspase-3信号通路对乳腺癌细胞生物学行为的调控作用

目的研究β-紫罗兰酮通过Caspase-3信号对乳腺癌细胞生物学行为的调控作用。方法将人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞分为空白对照组与实验组,实验组按照β-紫罗兰酮的不同浓度,又分为25μmol/L组、50μmol/L组、100μmol/L组及200μmol/L组。分别采用CCK-8及台盼蓝计数法检测β-紫罗兰酮对MCF-7细胞增殖及生长曲线的影响,Hoechst 33258荧光染色法观察β-紫罗兰酮对MCF-7细胞凋亡形态的影响,RT-PCR及Western Blot法检测β-紫罗兰酮对Caspase-3 mRNA及蛋白表达的影响。结果与空白对照组相比,经不同浓度β-紫罗兰酮处理后的乳腺癌MCF-7细胞OD值均显著下降(P<0.05),实验组中经β-紫罗兰酮浓度25μmol/L、50μmol/L、100μmol/L及200μmol/L处理后的MCF-7细胞增殖抑制率分别为7.92%、28.96%、45.22%和56.83%。不同浓度β-紫罗兰酮处理过的MCF-7细胞从第2天开始,较空白对照组的细胞计数显著降低(P<0.05),空白组对照组及β-紫罗兰酮浓度为25μmol/L组MCF-7细胞计数在7 d内随时间迁移呈上升趋势,经β-紫罗兰酮浓度为50、100及200μmol/L处理后的MCF-7细胞7 d内细胞计数呈下降趋势。Hoechst 33258荧光染色法检测发现,与空白对照组相比,给予β-紫罗兰酮处理过的人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞伴有不同程度的凋亡现象,而经β-紫罗兰酮浓度为200μmol/L处理后的细胞凋亡现象最明显。与空白对照组相比,经不同浓度β-紫罗兰酮处理过的MCF-7细胞Caspase-3 mRNA及蛋白表达水平均显著上升(P<0.05),且随β-紫罗兰酮浓度的升高,其Caspase-3 mRNA及蛋白表达呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。结论β-紫罗兰酮可能通过激活Caspase-3信号通路,抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖与生长,促进其凋亡,发挥抑癌作用。

A novel mouse model of human breast cancer stem-like cells with high CD44^＋CD24^–/lower phenotype metastasis to human bone

Background A satisfactory animal model of breast cancer metastasizing to bone is unavailable. In this study, we used human breast cancer stem-like cells and human bone to build a novel “human-source” model of human breast cancer skeletal metastasis. Methods Human breast cancer stem-like cells, the CD44^＋/CD24^-/lower subpopulation, was separated and cultured. Before injection with the stem-like cells, mice were implanted with human bone in the right or left dorsal flanks. Animals in Groups A, B, and C were injected with 1×10^5, 1×10^6 human breast cancer stem-like cells, and 1×10^6 parental MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. A positive control group （D） without implantation of human bone was also injected with 1×10^6 MDA-MB-231 cells. Immunohistochemistry was performed for determination of CD34, CD105, smooth muscle antibody, CD44, CD24, cytokine, CXC chemokine receptor-4 （CXCR4）, and osteopontin （OPN）. mRNA levels of CD44, CD24, CXCR4, and OPN in bone metastasis tissues were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （PCR）.Results Our results demonstrated that cells in implanted human bones of group B, which received 1×10^6 cancer stem-like cells, stained strongly positive for CD44, CXCR4, and OPN, whereas those of other groups showed no or minimum staining. Moreover, group B had the highest incidence of human bone metastasis （77.8%, P=0.0230） and no accompaniment of other tissue metastasis. The real-time PCR showed an increase of CD44, CXCR4, and OPN mRNA in metastatic bone tissues in group B compared with those of groups C and D, however the expression of CD24 mRNA in group B were the lowest. Conclusions In the novel “human source” model of breast cancer, breast cancer stem-like cells demonstrated a higher human bone-seeking ability. Its mechanism might be related to the higher expressions of CD44, CXCR4, and OPN, and the lower expression of CD24 in breast cancer stem-like cells.

苦参碱对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞自噬及细胞凋亡的影响

目的:研究苦参碱对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞自噬及凋亡的影响,并分析其机制,探索二者之间潜在的关系。方法:采用MTT法和Annexin V/PI双染法检测细胞增殖活力和凋亡率;自噬双标腺病毒法(mRFP-GFP-LC3)和透射电镜法检测细胞自噬水平;Western Blot检测自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1、LC3及凋亡相关蛋白Caspase-3、cleaved-Caspase-3、cleaved-Caspase-9的表达;运用自噬抑制剂(3-MA)和凋亡抑制剂(Z-VAD-FMK)对上述相关指标进行干预。结果:苦参碱在未加入抑制剂干预的情况下可显著抑制MCF-7细胞的增殖,提高凋亡率和自噬水平,可上调自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1、LC3和凋亡相关蛋白cleaved-Caspase-3、cleaved-Caspase9的表达(P<0.05或P<0.01)。加入自噬抑制剂(3-MA)后,细胞存活率显著降低,凋亡率显著升高(P<0.05);加入凋亡抑制剂(Z-VAD-FMK)后,自噬水平显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:苦参碱可诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡和细胞自噬,二者之间可能存在着互相调控的关系。

基于PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路的苦参碱诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞自噬及其机制的研究

目的 研究苦参碱对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞自噬及其相关信号通路的影响,为苦参碱的抗肿瘤作用提供更多依据。方法 采用自噬双标腺病毒(mRFP-GFP-LC3)法、透射电镜法(TEM)检测给药后细胞自噬水平的变化;Western blot检测苦参碱对自噬相关蛋白LC3、Beclin-1,信号通路蛋白PI3K、p-PI3K、Akt、p-Akt、mTOR、p-mTOR表达水平的影响。结果 随着苦参碱浓度的上升,细胞中的自噬水平也在逐渐升高,自噬相关蛋白LC3-II/LC3-I、Beclin-1的表达量呈上升趋势,通路相关蛋白PI3K、Akt、mTOR无明显变化,p-PI3K、p-Akt、p-mTOR的表达量均呈现下降趋势。结论 苦参碱可剂量依赖性升高MCF-7细胞的自噬水平,机制可能与PI3K/Akt/mTOR介导的信号通路有关。

Nanog和雄激素受体在人乳腺癌细胞中的功能研究

目的研究人乳腺癌细胞中Nanog和雄激素受体的功能。方法回顾性选取2020年2月至2021年2月牡丹江医学院附属红旗医院乳腺癌患者640例,分析乳腺癌Nanog表达、雄激素受体(AR)蛋白表达和临床病理的相关性。结果肿瘤直径<2 cm、2~5 cm、>5 cm患者的Nanog表达水平逐渐升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),临床分期Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期患者的Nanog表达水平逐渐升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。淋巴结转移0个、≤3个、>3个患者的Nanog表达水平逐渐升高(P<0.05)。640例患者中,AR阳性484例,阴性156例,AR阳性率为75.6%,其中肿瘤直径<2 cm、2~5 cm、>5 cm患者的AR阳性率逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。临床分期Ⅰ期患者的AR阳性率高于Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组织学分级Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级患者的AR阳性率逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PR阳性患者的AR阳性率高于阴性患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。雌激素受体(ER)阴性患者的AR阳性率高于阳性患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论人乳腺癌细胞中Nanog和雄激素受体蛋白表达能够将有效依据提供给临床内分泌治疗方案的制定及预后的判断工作。

石草鞋化学成分及对人乳腺癌高转移细胞增殖的影响

目的:通过对石草鞋化学成分的分离及活性研究,揭示石草鞋抑制人乳腺癌高转移细胞增殖作用的物质基础。方法:对石草鞋90%乙醇提取物采用硅胶、葡聚糖凝胶LH-20(Sephadex LH-20)进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物结构;采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法测试化合物对人乳腺癌高转移细胞增殖的影响。结果:从石草鞋中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为isoagatholal、monoeerin、对羟基肉桂酸甲酯、secologanoside、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯、对羟基肉桂酸乙酯、isobonein、columbianetin acetate、gentioside、crototropone、3-羟基对甲氧基苯甲醛、2-desoxy-4-epi-pulchellin。monoeerin的半数抑制浓度(IC50)值为12.35μg/mL,crototropone的IC50值为9.51μg/m L。结论:所有化合物均为首次从石草鞋中分离得到,isoagatholal、monoeerin、isobonein、gentioside、crototropone为首次从该属植物中分离得到;monoeerin、crototropone可抑制人乳腺癌高转移细胞增殖。