Hexabromocyclododecane-induced Genotoxicity in Cultured Human Breast Cells through DNA Damage

To investigate the genotoxicity and reveal the potential toxicological mechanisms of Hexabromocyclododecane （HBCD）, human breast cells HBL-100 were exposed to a sequence of HBCD concentrations （0, 5, 10, and 50 mg/L） for 24 h. With a series of zymology and molecular biology methods, we found that HBCD induced dose-dependent oxidative stress on HBL-100 DNA. As revealed in q RT-PCR, activated prognostic factor ATM down-regulated tumor suppressor gene BRCA1 and prompted DNA repair genes h OGG1 and h MTH1 expression in lower concentrations of HBCD （〈 10 mg/L）. However, DNA repair were inhibited as well as cell proliferation rate by higher concentrations of HBCD （50 mg/L）. The results inferred that the genotoxicity of HBCD was dose-dependent and related to DNA repair pathway.

Cytotoxicity of Modified Nonequilibrium Plasma with Chlorhexidine Digluconate on Primary Cultured Human Gingival Fibroblasts

The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of modified nonequilibrium plasma with chlorhexidine digluconate（CHX） on human gingival fibroblasts（HGFs）, and to evaluate the biosecurity of modified nonequilibrium plasma with 2% CHX as a new method of root canal treatment. Tissue samples taken from human gingiva were primarily cultured and passaged. Cells from passages 3–7 were used. HGFs were treated by modified nonequilibrium plasma with 2% CHX for 0 min（control group）, 30 s, 1 min, 1.5 min, 3 min, 5 min, and 10 min, respectively, and then they were incubated for 0, 24, and 48 h. After that, cell counting kit-8（CCK-8） assay was applied to analyze the cytotoxicity of modified nonequilibrium plasma with 2% CHX on HGFs. There was no significant difference between the 0 h group treated with the modified nonequilibrium plasma for 1 min and the control group（P〉0.05）. However, there were significant differences between all the other treated groups and the control group（P〈0.05）. When treated for 1.5 min or shorter, the cell viability was obviously increased; while treated for 3 min or longer, it was obviously reduced. Moreover, when successively cultured for 0, 24, and 48 h, cell viability was decreased at first and then increased in the 3-min-treated and 5-min-treated groups. The modified nonequilibrium plasma with 2% CHX was of no influence on cell viability in 1.5 min treatment, and it could be safely used on root canal treatment.

PRIMARY STUDY ON MECHANISM OF COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS INHIBITION IN CULTURED HUMAN FETAL HEPATOCYTES PRETREATED BY SALVIA MILTIORRHIZA BUNGE

Objective The effects of salvia miltiorrhiza bunge (SMB) on collagen synthesis in the human fetal hepatocytes culture were studied. Methods The collagen synthesis of hepatocytes were stimulated by the addition of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) to the culture medium, the concentration of type procollagen (PC) in the culture medium and the hydroxyproline (Hyp) in hepatocytes were determined, as well as the activity of se dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se GSH Px) and the concentration of malondiadehyde (MDA) in the culture medium. Results A significant decrease in PC, Hyp and MDA production, and the significant increase in Se GSH Px activity were observed in the cultures pretreated with 1 g L -1 SMB for 4 hours compared with the untreated cultures. Analysis of the Se GSH Px/MDA ratio in SMB pretreated group showed more marked increase compared to that of the untreated group ( P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the ratio of Se GSH Px/MDA and the concentration of PC in SMB pretreated group ( r=-0.9017, P <0.01). Conclusion Our results indicate that SMB may suppress the collagen synthesis of cultured human fetal hepatocytes stimulated by CCl 4 , and its mechanism may be related to the increase in Se GSH Px/MDA ratio and the enhancement of hepatocytes antioxidation capability.

Anti-stigmatization and Rebuilding the Human Rights Culture

History has proved and will continue to prove that stigmatization is often the harbinger of tribal vendettas, religious persecution, wars of aggression, and even all disasters and unjust actions in the world The majority of devastating disasters experienced by mankind originate from stigmas While the COVID-19 pandemic rages across the globe, stigmatizing speeches based on ignorance and political agenda have created hatred and torn the anti-epidemic community apart Those speeches trample on dignity, values, conscience, and justice of human beings, and challenge international justice and the universal Declaration of Human rights The human rights culture serves as a critical force for mankind to overcome diseases, wars, terrorism, and disasters To achieve peace and security in the post-epidemic world, people need to constantly reflect on human dignity and values, and to rebuild and promote human rights culture based on these reflections.

Outline of the Construction of Chinese Human Rights Culture in the New Era

in the broadest sense,respecting and protecting human rights is a major achievement in the progress of human civilization.human rights culture is the most essential feature of human rights.from the perspective of the development of human civilization,human rights culture reflects a country’s thinking and wisdom as well as its civilization level and represents a country’s cultural soft power.Chinese human rights culture in the new era is a socialist human rights culture in a broad sense,a human rights culture in the new stage of development of socialism with Chinese characteristics in a narrow sense,and an ideological spirit and moral strength of Chinese human rights culture in a certain historical period.at a new historical starting point,strengthening the construction of China’s human rights culture in the new era and gathering the strength of China human rights culture have important practical significance and far-reaching historical significance for building China’s human rights theory,developing advanced socialist culture with Chinese characteristics,consolidating the confidence in socialist culture with Chinese characteristics,building a country with a strong socialist culture,and enhancing China’s cultural soft power.

On the Historical Change of Human Rights Culture in China

Culture serves as the spiritual essence and moral support for human rights, whereas the latter provides the value orientation and goal for culture. Human rights are universal as well as particular, since each nation fosters its own perceptions and value orientations related to human rights, which leads to the formation of a human rights culture.

The Historical Vicissitudes of Chinese Human Rights Culture

Culture is the spiritual es- sence and basis of human rights, and human rights are the value orientation andobjective of culture. Human rights are universal and particular at the same time. Each nation has its own specific concept and value orientation related to human rights culture. In the broad sense, human rights culture is the collective name for the fruit of material and spiritual civi- lizations, which is human rights.

To Bridge the Gap Between Human Rights Cultures:China's Contribution to the Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Its Implications

As one of the foundations for the legitimacy of the United Nations, the universal human rights system derives from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights （here- after, ＂Declaration＂）. After World War II, the international community formulated the Declaration, the most important international human rights legal document, under the direction of the United Nations, based on reflections on brutal aggressive wars and large-scale violations of human rights.

Confucian Culture and Human Rights Development

I. Confucianism has long been the mainstream of traditional Chinese culture, as well as a major component of Eastern and world culture. We can see that Confucianism has existed for 2,500 years since it was founded by Confucius in the late 6th and early 5th centuries BC. Over this very long pe- riod of time, Confucianism has played a dominant role in Chinese culture. It established the basic orientation of the country＇s socioeconomic system, influenced the formation and develop- ment of China＇s political system, and established Chinese society＇s ethical standards and values.

Different Cultures Show Same Respect for Human Dignity

Luo Haocai, president of China Society for Human Rights Studies, delivered a speech at the opening ceremony of the 4th Beijing Forum on Human Rights on Sept. 21, 2011. The full text of his speech follows：

Notes on the Rule of Law and Human Rights in Chinese Traditional Culture

1. Introduction The role of law and human rights in Chinese traditional culture seem to be a real conundrum with misunderstanding and controversies. Some Western politicians and scholars who did not probably delve into and equip with related knowledge were apt to take an adverse stand. For example, Chris Pat-

On Culture's Diversity and Human Rights' Development

As a universal word, the concept of human rights has been accepted and practiced by all countries around the world. Human rights are the fundamental rights which are or ought to be

International Symposium On Oriental Culture and Human Rights Development Held in Beijing

The International Symposium on Oriental Culture and Human Rights Development was successfully held by the China Society for Human Rights Studies (CSHRS) and China Foundation lot Human Rights Development (CFHRD) in Beijing on October 29-31, 2002. The Symposium focused on the following three topics: the universality of human rights and cultural diversity, the oriental and western culture and human rights, and culture and human rights in the globalization process. The three-day Symposium attracted more than 70 scholars, experts, officials and parliamentarians from 26 countries, including Australia, China, Cuba, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Republic of

Human Rights Ideas and Concepts in Traditional Chinese Culture

Does the traditional Chinese culture embrace human rights? If so, in what ways? Questions of this sort are not only of academic concern but also of public interest. With this in mind, Yun Xiang had an interview with Prof. Huang Nansen of Beijing University, a famous Chinese scholar in the studies of humanity and traditional cultures and values.

A Preliminary Study of Holocene Climate Change and Human Adaptation in the Horqin Region

Human activity during the Holocene in the Horqin region, northeastern China, has been widely documented. As an important proxy record of human activity, black carbon（BC） in sediments has been linked to climate change and human adaptation. A loess-paleosol section located in south Horqin was chosen for this study. Holocene climate change and human adaptation to the environment were discussed by analyzing BC, organic carbon（OC） and other proxies. The conclusions included：（1） before 3900 cal BP, human activity was closely related to the natural environment and cultural development was dominated by climate change. For example, the rapid decline of the agrarian Hongshan culture was caused by a slight decrease in temperature at ~5000 cal BP;（2） during 3900-3200 cal BP, the heavy dependence of human societies on nature gradually lessened and the ability of those human societies to adapt to the environment was enhanced. However, the farming-dominated Lower Xiajiadian culture was nonetheless replaced by the pastoralist Upper Xiajiadian culture due to an extremely cooling event at ~3200 cal BP;（3） during the late Holocene period, the marked influence of climate change on human activity might have lessened as a result of a clear improvement in human labor skills. After this, human living styles were influenced by cultural developments rather than climate change because humans had mastered more powerful means of productivity.

Human Rights and Cultural Diversity: Evolving Dynamics of Universality and Relativism——Safeguarding the rights of others is the most noble and beautiful end of a human being～Khalil Gibran

1. Introduction Culture is a defining feature of an individual＇s identity. It embraces everything from the traditions, beliefs and values of an individual＇s family and community. It is also the language one speaks, and place of worship. Culture is all of these elements and the way they connect to make up one＇s way of life. It is often the source for serf-definition, expression, and sense of group belonging.

Cultural Diversity and Human Rights Development in Asia

Asia is an area filled with vigor and vitality and also conflicts, an area that ＂takes pride in its rich cultures, religions and diversity.＂More and more statesmen and scholars are watching closely the human rights conditions in the changing Asia. Asia is no longer a concept in its economic, cultural and geographical sense. It has become a regional community that has had an important impact on the human rights development in the world. In the 21 st century filled with challenges and hopes, people want to see not only an economically prosperous Asia but also an Asia community with increasing humanistic spirit and pursuit for constitutionalist values.

On the Productive Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Handicrafts and Its Human Values——A Case Study of the“Wuhan Model”

Among the three methods of intangible cultural heritage （ICH） protection--salvage, integrity and productivity^--productive protection is the most complex and controversial one. Through a comprehensive analysis of legal relations, coordination mecha- nisms and modes of operation by the Wuhan Tourism Investment Group in the course of safeguarding intangible cultural heritage in handicrafts, this paper discusses the sustainable ＂Wuhan Model＂ and its human values.

Cultural Transformations in China and Progresses in Human Rights Cause

Human rights refer to the rights that should be enjoyed by anyone as human beings. However, human beings have not only the natural at- tributes, but also social attributes, including such high-level social at- tributes as thinking capability and culture. The role of culture on hu- man beings can be seen in people＇s understandings on human rights connotation and human rights value. In fact, the different views on hu- man rights issue of various countries worldwide are linked with their dif- ferent cultures. We cannot change the differences of various countries in cultures, but we can learn about and understand the differences through cultural exchanges so as to enhance recognition on human rights issue.