The prevalent human papillomaviruses(HPVs) infect either cutaneous or mucosal epithelium. Active Infections lead to epithelial hyperprolifeation and are usually cleared in healthy individuals within a year. Persistent...The prevalent human papillomaviruses(HPVs) infect either cutaneous or mucosal epithelium. Active Infections lead to epithelial hyperprolifeation and are usually cleared in healthy individuals within a year. Persistent infections in the anogenital tracts by certain high-risk genotypes such as HPV-16, HPV-18 and closely related types, can progress to high grade dysplasias and carcinomas in women and men, including cervical, vulva, penile and anal cancers. A significant fraction of the head and neck cancers are also caused by HPV-16. The viral oncogenes responsible for neoplastic conversion are E6 and E7 that disrupt the pathways controlled by the two major tumor suppressor genes, p53 and members of p RB family. Because HPV cannot be propagated in conventional submerged monolayer cell cultures, organotypic epithelial raft cultures that generate a stratified and differentiated epithelium have been used to study the viral life cycle. This article describes several systems to examine aspects of the viral productive phase, along with the advantages and limitations. Animal model systems of HPV carcinogenesis are also briefly described.展开更多
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women living in developing countries that account high HPV incidence and mortality rates. Vaccinating girls between 9 and 14 years old is supposed to be the most cos...Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women living in developing countries that account high HPV incidence and mortality rates. Vaccinating girls between 9 and 14 years old is supposed to be the most cost-effective public health approach against cervical cancer. This systematic review aims to assess the application and coverage of the HPV vaccine in developing countries and identify the main challenges for the introduction of the vaccine in these settings. Eligible studies were selected according to the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. To determine the quality of the studies was employed the STROBE checklist. This review included seven studies, encompassing the analysis of 19 countries and 112,116 girls aged from 9 to 18 years old. The coverage of HPV vaccination ranged from 13.8% to 107.4%, with most of the programs having more than 60% of coverage, which reflects a high percentage of vaccinated girls. The main challenges were lack of knowledge and worries about the vaccine, insufficient financial resources and staff workers, lack of community involvement and dissemination of important information about HPV. In developing countries that implemented the HPV vaccine, high coverage rates were achieved, despite sociocultural, economic and political challenges. In the future, studies that analyze the coverage rates after the elimination of the barriers and the repercussions on the mortality rates should be conducted, so that more developing countries have the opportunity to efficiently implement the vaccine.展开更多
The specimens of 111 cervical carcinomas. 68 chronic cervicitis and 43 normal cervical exfoliated epithelial cells were examined for the presence of HSV2 DNA sequences with DNA hybridization using HSV2 BgL Ⅱ N fragm...The specimens of 111 cervical carcinomas. 68 chronic cervicitis and 43 normal cervical exfoliated epithelial cells were examined for the presence of HSV2 DNA sequences with DNA hybridization using HSV2 BgL Ⅱ N fragment probe labelled by 32PdCTP. The result showed that the infection rates of HSV2 in the samples of cervical cancer.chronic cervicitis and normal epithelial cells were 1 4. 41 %(16/111). 27.94%( 19/68) and 25.58% ( 11/43),respectively. It was implied that early stages carcinogenesis of cervical epithelial cells might be correlated with the HSV2 infection.Sixteen HSV 2 positive samples of cervical carcinomas were also examined for the presence of the sequences homologous to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 6B/11. 16 and 18 DNA using dot blot hybridization (Tm17℃). The result indicated that 13 out of 16 were HPV 16 DNA hybridization positive accounting for 81. 2% of all HSV-2 positive samples and none of them were positive for HPV type 6B/11 and 18. The result indicated that double infection of HSV 2 and HPV16 in the same cervical carcinoma tissues may provide a strong evidence of the viral synergistic interaction in the induction of female cervical展开更多
目的评估人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗在亚洲人群中接种后的免疫原性和安全性。方法本研究分别检索英文数据库(PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Clinical Trails、Cochrane library)和中文数据库(中国知网、万方、维普),自建库至2022年4月...目的评估人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗在亚洲人群中接种后的免疫原性和安全性。方法本研究分别检索英文数据库(PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Clinical Trails、Cochrane library)和中文数据库(中国知网、万方、维普),自建库至2022年4月,关于亚洲人群进行的HPV疫苗安全性和免疫原性临床试验文献。采用主题词与自由词灵活搭配检索并结合纳排标准筛选文献,对最终纳入文献进行质量评价并提取资料,应用Meta分析合并评估。结果最终纳入16篇随机对照试验(RCT)研究,累计研究对象25485人。Meta分析表明对于HPV疫苗免疫原性,HPV16型特异性血清转化率合并效应值RR为43.74(16.51~115.85),HPV18型特异性血清转化率合并效应值RR为45.72(8.78~238.13)。对于HPV疫苗安全性,二价与四价HPV疫苗接种局部不良事件风险试验组高于对照组,RR为1.52(1.34~1.73)和1.38(1.20~1.59)。二价HPV疫苗与四价HPV疫苗试验组发生全身性不良事件的风险也高于对照组,RR分别为1.21(1.11~1.32)和1.13(0.99~1.30)。结论接种亚洲人群HPV疫苗后血清抗体阳转率高于未接种者,提示接种HPV疫苗可以提高个体特异性抗体水平,接种HPV疫苗发生局部和全身性安全事件的风险均高于对照组,提示仍要高度重视HPV疫苗的安全性问题。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Cancer Institutes of the National Institute of HealthCurrent funding comes from CA 83679the Anderson Family Endowed Chair in Medical Education,Research and Patient Care
文摘The prevalent human papillomaviruses(HPVs) infect either cutaneous or mucosal epithelium. Active Infections lead to epithelial hyperprolifeation and are usually cleared in healthy individuals within a year. Persistent infections in the anogenital tracts by certain high-risk genotypes such as HPV-16, HPV-18 and closely related types, can progress to high grade dysplasias and carcinomas in women and men, including cervical, vulva, penile and anal cancers. A significant fraction of the head and neck cancers are also caused by HPV-16. The viral oncogenes responsible for neoplastic conversion are E6 and E7 that disrupt the pathways controlled by the two major tumor suppressor genes, p53 and members of p RB family. Because HPV cannot be propagated in conventional submerged monolayer cell cultures, organotypic epithelial raft cultures that generate a stratified and differentiated epithelium have been used to study the viral life cycle. This article describes several systems to examine aspects of the viral productive phase, along with the advantages and limitations. Animal model systems of HPV carcinogenesis are also briefly described.
文摘Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women living in developing countries that account high HPV incidence and mortality rates. Vaccinating girls between 9 and 14 years old is supposed to be the most cost-effective public health approach against cervical cancer. This systematic review aims to assess the application and coverage of the HPV vaccine in developing countries and identify the main challenges for the introduction of the vaccine in these settings. Eligible studies were selected according to the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. To determine the quality of the studies was employed the STROBE checklist. This review included seven studies, encompassing the analysis of 19 countries and 112,116 girls aged from 9 to 18 years old. The coverage of HPV vaccination ranged from 13.8% to 107.4%, with most of the programs having more than 60% of coverage, which reflects a high percentage of vaccinated girls. The main challenges were lack of knowledge and worries about the vaccine, insufficient financial resources and staff workers, lack of community involvement and dissemination of important information about HPV. In developing countries that implemented the HPV vaccine, high coverage rates were achieved, despite sociocultural, economic and political challenges. In the future, studies that analyze the coverage rates after the elimination of the barriers and the repercussions on the mortality rates should be conducted, so that more developing countries have the opportunity to efficiently implement the vaccine.
文摘The specimens of 111 cervical carcinomas. 68 chronic cervicitis and 43 normal cervical exfoliated epithelial cells were examined for the presence of HSV2 DNA sequences with DNA hybridization using HSV2 BgL Ⅱ N fragment probe labelled by 32PdCTP. The result showed that the infection rates of HSV2 in the samples of cervical cancer.chronic cervicitis and normal epithelial cells were 1 4. 41 %(16/111). 27.94%( 19/68) and 25.58% ( 11/43),respectively. It was implied that early stages carcinogenesis of cervical epithelial cells might be correlated with the HSV2 infection.Sixteen HSV 2 positive samples of cervical carcinomas were also examined for the presence of the sequences homologous to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 6B/11. 16 and 18 DNA using dot blot hybridization (Tm17℃). The result indicated that 13 out of 16 were HPV 16 DNA hybridization positive accounting for 81. 2% of all HSV-2 positive samples and none of them were positive for HPV type 6B/11 and 18. The result indicated that double infection of HSV 2 and HPV16 in the same cervical carcinoma tissues may provide a strong evidence of the viral synergistic interaction in the induction of female cervical
文摘目的评估人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗在亚洲人群中接种后的免疫原性和安全性。方法本研究分别检索英文数据库(PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Clinical Trails、Cochrane library)和中文数据库(中国知网、万方、维普),自建库至2022年4月,关于亚洲人群进行的HPV疫苗安全性和免疫原性临床试验文献。采用主题词与自由词灵活搭配检索并结合纳排标准筛选文献,对最终纳入文献进行质量评价并提取资料,应用Meta分析合并评估。结果最终纳入16篇随机对照试验(RCT)研究,累计研究对象25485人。Meta分析表明对于HPV疫苗免疫原性,HPV16型特异性血清转化率合并效应值RR为43.74(16.51~115.85),HPV18型特异性血清转化率合并效应值RR为45.72(8.78~238.13)。对于HPV疫苗安全性,二价与四价HPV疫苗接种局部不良事件风险试验组高于对照组,RR为1.52(1.34~1.73)和1.38(1.20~1.59)。二价HPV疫苗与四价HPV疫苗试验组发生全身性不良事件的风险也高于对照组,RR分别为1.21(1.11~1.32)和1.13(0.99~1.30)。结论接种亚洲人群HPV疫苗后血清抗体阳转率高于未接种者,提示接种HPV疫苗可以提高个体特异性抗体水平,接种HPV疫苗发生局部和全身性安全事件的风险均高于对照组,提示仍要高度重视HPV疫苗的安全性问题。
