Recently, Prieto-Godino et al.[1] found that the olfactory receptor 75a （Ir75a） gene is a functional pseudo-pseudogene in Drosophila sechellia. For a long time, Ir75a has been regarded as an acetic acid receptor tha...Recently, Prieto-Godino et al.[1] found that the olfactory receptor 75a （Ir75a） gene is a functional pseudo-pseudogene in Drosophila sechellia. For a long time, Ir75a has been regarded as an acetic acid receptor that detects acetic acid and induces obvious olfactory responses in olfactory sensory neurons （OSNs）f2J. Nonetheless, Prieto-Godino et al. confirmed that Ir75a lost its sensitivity to acetic acid in D. sechellia. Thus, the D. sechelfia Ir75a gene is generally recognized as a pseudogene in OSNs.展开更多
Inappropriate Met-hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor （HGF/SF） signaling is a hallmark of most types of solid tumors in humans and often correlates with poor prognosis. There are several mechanisms by which Met ...Inappropriate Met-hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor （HGF/SF） signaling is a hallmark of most types of solid tumors in humans and often correlates with poor prognosis. There are several mechanisms by which Met signaling is deregulated including Met and/or HGF/SF overexpression, mutation, autocrine signaling, and ligand-independent activation. Because Met is an attractive therapeutic target for a multitude of cancers, extensive research towards finding Met and HGF/SF inhibitors is ongoing.？ In parallel with these efforts, several mouse models have been developed in our lab that will be valuable for preclinical testing of Met-targeted therapeutics.展开更多
Objective: Human induced pluripotent stem(i PS) cells exhibit great potential for generating functional human cells for medical therapies. In this paper, we report for use of human i PS cells labeled with fluorescent ...Objective: Human induced pluripotent stem(i PS) cells exhibit great potential for generating functional human cells for medical therapies. In this paper, we report for use of human i PS cells labeled with fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles(FMNPs) for targeted imaging and synergistic therapy of gastric cancer cells in vivo. Methods: Human i PS cells were prepared and cultured for 72 h. The culture medium was collected, and then was coincubated with MGC803 cells. Cell viability was analyzed by the MTT method. FMNP-labeled human i PS cells were prepared and injected into gastric cancer-bearing nude mice. The mouse model was observed using a small-animal imaging system. The nude mice were irradiated under an external alternating magnetic field and evaluated using an infrared thermal mapping instrument. Tumor sizes were measured weekly. Results: iP S cells and the collected culture medium inhibited the growth of MGC803 cells. FMNP-labeled human iP S cells targeted and imaged gastric cancer cells in vivo, as well as inhibited cancer growth in vivo through the external magnetic field. Conclusion: FMNP-labeled human i PS cells exhibit considerable potential in applications such as targeted dual-mode imaging and synergistic therapy for early gastric cancer.展开更多
From subject,object and target subsystems,we analyze the rural human resource development system.The subject system includes government,education and training organizations,society,and rural human resource itself.Diff...From subject,object and target subsystems,we analyze the rural human resource development system.The subject system includes government,education and training organizations,society,and rural human resource itself.Different development subject bears different responsibility.Object system includes farmers engaged in farming,farmer workers,rural unemployed people,rural students,rural left-behind people,and other people in rural areas.Different development object has different features.Development target system includes raising quality of rural human resource,keeping reasonable population size,optimizing structure of rural human resource,and improving vitality of rural human resource,etc.展开更多
In April 2009, after receiving ap- proval from the State Council, the Information Office of the State Council published the NationalHuman Rights Action Plan of China （2009-2010）. It is China＇s first national plan o...In April 2009, after receiving ap- proval from the State Council, the Information Office of the State Council published the NationalHuman Rights Action Plan of China （2009-2010）. It is China＇s first national plan on the theme of human rights, and serves as a policy document of the current stage for advancing China＇s human rights in a comprehensive way. It is an important move to implement the constitutional principle of respect- ing and safeguarding human rights, and to promote sustainable development and social harmony. It is also a solemn commitment to the world made by the Chinese government on human rights.展开更多
Poverty alleviation requires knowledge support. Targeted poverty alleviation, aiming to tackle rural poverty, needs to be supported by corresponding rural human resource development. Currently, China's human resou...Poverty alleviation requires knowledge support. Targeted poverty alleviation, aiming to tackle rural poverty, needs to be supported by corresponding rural human resource development. Currently, China's human resource development in impoverished rural regions is faced with some major problems; a huge population distributed over a vast area, a lack of technological and cultural attainment, obsolete concepts, obsolete technical resources, and a significant gap between rural and urban education attainment. Rural human resource development, which is geared to targeted poverty alleviation, includes a variety of impoverished rural population-oriented trainings, such as intelligence development, skills training, modern professionalism &work attitude cultivation, physical & mental health education, as well as modern lifestyle & civilized manners guidance. Targeted poverty alleviation should be equipped with mechanisms of comprehensive layout & planning, coordinated advancement of development content and implementation, and a mechanism of organization & input. The approaches to the advancement of rural human resource development are enhancing basic education, building a system of vocational education and training, raising the social security level and improving the supporting mechanisms.展开更多
针对人体动作识别任务中特征值选取不当导致识别率低、使用多模态数据导致训练成本高等问题,提出一种轻量级人体动作识别方法。首先使用OpenPose、PoseNet提取出人体骨架信息,使用BWT69CL传感器提取姿势信息;其次对数据进行预处理、特...针对人体动作识别任务中特征值选取不当导致识别率低、使用多模态数据导致训练成本高等问题,提出一种轻量级人体动作识别方法。首先使用OpenPose、PoseNet提取出人体骨架信息,使用BWT69CL传感器提取姿势信息;其次对数据进行预处理、特征融合,对人体动作进行深度学习分类识别;最后,为验证此方法的有效性,在公开数据集WISDM、UCIHAR、HASC和自建的人体动作数据集上进行实验验证,并使用改进的目标引导注意力机制(target-guided attention,TGA)–长短期记忆(long short term memory,LSTM)网络输出最终的分类结果。实验结果表明,在自建数据集下融合姿势和骨架特征达到99.87%准确率,相比于只使用姿势信息特征,识别准确率提高了约5.31个百分点;相比于只使用人体骨架特征,识别准确率提高了约1.87个百分点;在识别时间上相比于只使用姿势信息,识别时间降低了约29.73 s;相比于只使用人体骨架数据,识别时间降低了约9 s。使用该方法能及时有效地反映人体的运动意图,有助于提高人体动作和行为的识别准确率和训练效率。展开更多
目的:研究抗肿瘤靶点人MutT同源体1蛋白(Human MutT Homolog-1,MTH1)抑制剂的构效关系,构建药效团筛选模型筛选潜在的MTH1抑制剂。方法:采用计算机辅助药物设计方法,通过Discovery Studio 3.0软件包中分子共同特征药效团HipHop算法,使...目的:研究抗肿瘤靶点人MutT同源体1蛋白(Human MutT Homolog-1,MTH1)抑制剂的构效关系,构建药效团筛选模型筛选潜在的MTH1抑制剂。方法:采用计算机辅助药物设计方法,通过Discovery Studio 3.0软件包中分子共同特征药效团HipHop算法,使用14个已知MTH1抑制剂分子作为训练集构建药效团模型,并通过Decoy Set验证准确性。结果:获得富集率为13.1的HipHop药效团模型,通过分子对接验证虚拟筛选出的75个候选化合物,得到先导化合物GK01945和HTS07767,能与受体形成良好的相互作用。结论:构建的药效团模型可以作为筛选模型,筛选出的MTH1潜在抑制剂,为抗肿瘤药物MTH1抑制剂开发提供了新思路。展开更多
Traumatic brain injury （TBI） is characterized by primary damage to the brain from the external mechanical force and by subsequent secondary injury due to various molecular and pathophysiological responses that event...Traumatic brain injury （TBI） is characterized by primary damage to the brain from the external mechanical force and by subsequent secondary injury due to various molecular and pathophysiological responses that eventually lead to neuronal cell death. Secondary brain injury events may occur minutes, hours, or even days after the trauma, and provide valuable therapeutic targets to prevent further neuronal degeneration. At the present time, there is no effective treatment for TBI due, in part, to the widespread impact of numerous complex secondary biochemical and pathophysiological events occurring at different time points following the initial injury. MicroRNAs control a range of physiological and pathological functions such as develop- ment, differentiation, apoptosis and metabolism, and may serve as potential targets for progress assessment and intervention against TBI to mitigate secondary damage to the brain. This has implications regarding improving the diagnostic accuracy of brain impairment and long-term outcomes as well as potential novel treatments. Recent human studies have identified specific microRNAs in serum/plasma （miR-425-p, -21, -93, -191 and -499） and cerebro-spinal fluid （CSF） （miR-328, -362-3p, -451, -486a） as possible indicators of the diagnosis, severity, and prognosis of TBI. Experimental animal studies have examined specific microRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for moderate and mild TBI （e.g., miR-21, miR-23b）. MicroRNA profil- ing was altered by voluntary exercise. Differences in basal microRNA expression in the brain of adult and aged animals and alterations in response to TBI （e.g., miR-21） have also been reported. Further large-scale studies with TBI patients are needed to provide more information on the changes in microRNA profiles in different age groups （children, adults, and elderly）.展开更多
Parkinson＇s disease（PD） is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder, with the clinical main symptoms caused by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, corpus striatum and brain ...Parkinson＇s disease（PD） is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder, with the clinical main symptoms caused by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, corpus striatum and brain cortex. Over 90% of patients with PD have sporadic PD and occur in people with no known family history of the disorder. Currently there is no cure for PD. Treatment with medications to increase dopamine relieves the symptoms but does not slow down or reverse the damage to neurons in the brain. Increasing evidence points to inflammation as a chief mediator of PD with inflammatory response mechanisms, involving microglia and leukocytes, activated following loss of dopaminergic neurons. Oxidative stress is also recognized as one of the main causes of PD, and excessive reactive oxygen species（ROS） and reactive nitrogen species can lead to dopaminergic neuron vulnerability and eventual death. Micro RNAs control a range of physiological and pathological functions, and may serve as potential targets for intervention against PD to mitigate damage to the brain. Several studies have demonstrated that micro RNAs can regulate oxidative stress and prevent ROS-mediated damage to dopaminergic neurons, suggesting that specific micro RNAs may be putative targets for novel therapeutic strategies in PD. Recent human and animal studies have identified a large number of dysregulated micro RNAs in PD brain tissue samples, many of which were downregulated. The dysregulated micro RNAs affect downstream targets such as SNCA, PARK2, LRRK2, TNFSF13 B, LTA, SLC5 A3, PSMB2, GSR, GBA, LAMP-2 A, HSC. Apart from one study, none of the studies reviewed had used agomirs or antagomirs to reverse the levels of downregulated or upregulated micro RNAs, respectively, in mouse models of PD or with isolated human or mouse dopaminergic cells. Further large-scale studies of brain tissue samples collected with short postmortem interval from human PD patients are warranted to provide more information on the micro RNA profiles in different brain regions and to test for gender differences.展开更多
红外小目标的检测一直是红外追踪系统的关键技术,针对现有红外小目标检测方法在复杂背景下易造成虚警、检测速度慢的不足,从人类视觉系统的角度出发,参考了多尺度局部能量因子检测方法(multiscale local contrast measure using a local...红外小目标的检测一直是红外追踪系统的关键技术,针对现有红外小目标检测方法在复杂背景下易造成虚警、检测速度慢的不足,从人类视觉系统的角度出发,参考了多尺度局部能量因子检测方法(multiscale local contrast measure using a local energy factor,MLCM-LEF),提出了一种基于双层局部能量因子的红外小目标检测方法.从局部能量差异与局部亮度差异两个角度进行目标检测,使用双层局部能量因子从能量角度描述小目标与背景的相异程度,同时采取加权亮度差因子从亮度角度对图像进行目标检测,通过二维高斯融合上述二者的处理结果,最终利用图像均值和标准差进行自适应阈值分割,提取红外小目标.经过公开数据集实验测试,该方法在抑制背景噪声、减低虚警概率的表现上比主流的检测方法有所提升,与MLCM-LEF算法相比,基于双层局部能量因子的方法将单帧检测时间降低至三分之一.展开更多
基金funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China[81470434,81503074,81670265]Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drugs Study(Hunan Provincial Education Department document)[Approval number:2014-405]
文摘Recently, Prieto-Godino et al.[1] found that the olfactory receptor 75a （Ir75a） gene is a functional pseudo-pseudogene in Drosophila sechellia. For a long time, Ir75a has been regarded as an acetic acid receptor that detects acetic acid and induces obvious olfactory responses in olfactory sensory neurons （OSNs）f2J. Nonetheless, Prieto-Godino et al. confirmed that Ir75a lost its sensitivity to acetic acid in D. sechellia. Thus, the D. sechelfia Ir75a gene is generally recognized as a pseudogene in OSNs.
文摘Inappropriate Met-hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor （HGF/SF） signaling is a hallmark of most types of solid tumors in humans and often correlates with poor prognosis. There are several mechanisms by which Met signaling is deregulated including Met and/or HGF/SF overexpression, mutation, autocrine signaling, and ligand-independent activation. Because Met is an attractive therapeutic target for a multitude of cancers, extensive research towards finding Met and HGF/SF inhibitors is ongoing.？ In parallel with these efforts, several mouse models have been developed in our lab that will be valuable for preclinical testing of Met-targeted therapeutics.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81225010, 20803040, 81028009, and 31170961)National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Grant No. 2010CB933902 and 2015CB931802)+1 种基金National Key Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) (Grant No. 2012AA022703 and 2014AA020700)Shanghai Science and Technology Fund (Grant No.13NM1401500)
文摘Objective: Human induced pluripotent stem(i PS) cells exhibit great potential for generating functional human cells for medical therapies. In this paper, we report for use of human i PS cells labeled with fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles(FMNPs) for targeted imaging and synergistic therapy of gastric cancer cells in vivo. Methods: Human i PS cells were prepared and cultured for 72 h. The culture medium was collected, and then was coincubated with MGC803 cells. Cell viability was analyzed by the MTT method. FMNP-labeled human i PS cells were prepared and injected into gastric cancer-bearing nude mice. The mouse model was observed using a small-animal imaging system. The nude mice were irradiated under an external alternating magnetic field and evaluated using an infrared thermal mapping instrument. Tumor sizes were measured weekly. Results: iP S cells and the collected culture medium inhibited the growth of MGC803 cells. FMNP-labeled human iP S cells targeted and imaged gastric cancer cells in vivo, as well as inhibited cancer growth in vivo through the external magnetic field. Conclusion: FMNP-labeled human i PS cells exhibit considerable potential in applications such as targeted dual-mode imaging and synergistic therapy for early gastric cancer.
基金Supported by Project of National Social Science Foundation(09XMZ055)General Program of Scientific Research Project of Guangxi Provincial Department of Education (200911MS104)
文摘From subject,object and target subsystems,we analyze the rural human resource development system.The subject system includes government,education and training organizations,society,and rural human resource itself.Different development subject bears different responsibility.Object system includes farmers engaged in farming,farmer workers,rural unemployed people,rural students,rural left-behind people,and other people in rural areas.Different development object has different features.Development target system includes raising quality of rural human resource,keeping reasonable population size,optimizing structure of rural human resource,and improving vitality of rural human resource,etc.
文摘In April 2009, after receiving ap- proval from the State Council, the Information Office of the State Council published the NationalHuman Rights Action Plan of China （2009-2010）. It is China＇s first national plan on the theme of human rights, and serves as a policy document of the current stage for advancing China＇s human rights in a comprehensive way. It is an important move to implement the constitutional principle of respect- ing and safeguarding human rights, and to promote sustainable development and social harmony. It is also a solemn commitment to the world made by the Chinese government on human rights.
基金a staged research result of"Outstanding Young Talent Development Program of Hunan Normal University"[140621]--a key program of 2016 Ministry of Education[DJA160266]under the 13th Five-Year Plan of National Education Science
文摘Poverty alleviation requires knowledge support. Targeted poverty alleviation, aiming to tackle rural poverty, needs to be supported by corresponding rural human resource development. Currently, China's human resource development in impoverished rural regions is faced with some major problems; a huge population distributed over a vast area, a lack of technological and cultural attainment, obsolete concepts, obsolete technical resources, and a significant gap between rural and urban education attainment. Rural human resource development, which is geared to targeted poverty alleviation, includes a variety of impoverished rural population-oriented trainings, such as intelligence development, skills training, modern professionalism &work attitude cultivation, physical & mental health education, as well as modern lifestyle & civilized manners guidance. Targeted poverty alleviation should be equipped with mechanisms of comprehensive layout & planning, coordinated advancement of development content and implementation, and a mechanism of organization & input. The approaches to the advancement of rural human resource development are enhancing basic education, building a system of vocational education and training, raising the social security level and improving the supporting mechanisms.
文摘针对人体动作识别任务中特征值选取不当导致识别率低、使用多模态数据导致训练成本高等问题,提出一种轻量级人体动作识别方法。首先使用OpenPose、PoseNet提取出人体骨架信息,使用BWT69CL传感器提取姿势信息;其次对数据进行预处理、特征融合,对人体动作进行深度学习分类识别;最后,为验证此方法的有效性,在公开数据集WISDM、UCIHAR、HASC和自建的人体动作数据集上进行实验验证,并使用改进的目标引导注意力机制(target-guided attention,TGA)–长短期记忆(long short term memory,LSTM)网络输出最终的分类结果。实验结果表明,在自建数据集下融合姿势和骨架特征达到99.87%准确率,相比于只使用姿势信息特征,识别准确率提高了约5.31个百分点;相比于只使用人体骨架特征,识别准确率提高了约1.87个百分点;在识别时间上相比于只使用姿势信息,识别时间降低了约29.73 s;相比于只使用人体骨架数据,识别时间降低了约9 s。使用该方法能及时有效地反映人体的运动意图,有助于提高人体动作和行为的识别准确率和训练效率。
文摘Traumatic brain injury （TBI） is characterized by primary damage to the brain from the external mechanical force and by subsequent secondary injury due to various molecular and pathophysiological responses that eventually lead to neuronal cell death. Secondary brain injury events may occur minutes, hours, or even days after the trauma, and provide valuable therapeutic targets to prevent further neuronal degeneration. At the present time, there is no effective treatment for TBI due, in part, to the widespread impact of numerous complex secondary biochemical and pathophysiological events occurring at different time points following the initial injury. MicroRNAs control a range of physiological and pathological functions such as develop- ment, differentiation, apoptosis and metabolism, and may serve as potential targets for progress assessment and intervention against TBI to mitigate secondary damage to the brain. This has implications regarding improving the diagnostic accuracy of brain impairment and long-term outcomes as well as potential novel treatments. Recent human studies have identified specific microRNAs in serum/plasma （miR-425-p, -21, -93, -191 and -499） and cerebro-spinal fluid （CSF） （miR-328, -362-3p, -451, -486a） as possible indicators of the diagnosis, severity, and prognosis of TBI. Experimental animal studies have examined specific microRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for moderate and mild TBI （e.g., miR-21, miR-23b）. MicroRNA profil- ing was altered by voluntary exercise. Differences in basal microRNA expression in the brain of adult and aged animals and alterations in response to TBI （e.g., miR-21） have also been reported. Further large-scale studies with TBI patients are needed to provide more information on the changes in microRNA profiles in different age groups （children, adults, and elderly）.
文摘Parkinson＇s disease（PD） is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder, with the clinical main symptoms caused by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, corpus striatum and brain cortex. Over 90% of patients with PD have sporadic PD and occur in people with no known family history of the disorder. Currently there is no cure for PD. Treatment with medications to increase dopamine relieves the symptoms but does not slow down or reverse the damage to neurons in the brain. Increasing evidence points to inflammation as a chief mediator of PD with inflammatory response mechanisms, involving microglia and leukocytes, activated following loss of dopaminergic neurons. Oxidative stress is also recognized as one of the main causes of PD, and excessive reactive oxygen species（ROS） and reactive nitrogen species can lead to dopaminergic neuron vulnerability and eventual death. Micro RNAs control a range of physiological and pathological functions, and may serve as potential targets for intervention against PD to mitigate damage to the brain. Several studies have demonstrated that micro RNAs can regulate oxidative stress and prevent ROS-mediated damage to dopaminergic neurons, suggesting that specific micro RNAs may be putative targets for novel therapeutic strategies in PD. Recent human and animal studies have identified a large number of dysregulated micro RNAs in PD brain tissue samples, many of which were downregulated. The dysregulated micro RNAs affect downstream targets such as SNCA, PARK2, LRRK2, TNFSF13 B, LTA, SLC5 A3, PSMB2, GSR, GBA, LAMP-2 A, HSC. Apart from one study, none of the studies reviewed had used agomirs or antagomirs to reverse the levels of downregulated or upregulated micro RNAs, respectively, in mouse models of PD or with isolated human or mouse dopaminergic cells. Further large-scale studies of brain tissue samples collected with short postmortem interval from human PD patients are warranted to provide more information on the micro RNA profiles in different brain regions and to test for gender differences.
文摘红外小目标的检测一直是红外追踪系统的关键技术,针对现有红外小目标检测方法在复杂背景下易造成虚警、检测速度慢的不足,从人类视觉系统的角度出发,参考了多尺度局部能量因子检测方法(multiscale local contrast measure using a local energy factor,MLCM-LEF),提出了一种基于双层局部能量因子的红外小目标检测方法.从局部能量差异与局部亮度差异两个角度进行目标检测,使用双层局部能量因子从能量角度描述小目标与背景的相异程度,同时采取加权亮度差因子从亮度角度对图像进行目标检测,通过二维高斯融合上述二者的处理结果,最终利用图像均值和标准差进行自适应阈值分割,提取红外小目标.经过公开数据集实验测试,该方法在抑制背景噪声、减低虚警概率的表现上比主流的检测方法有所提升,与MLCM-LEF算法相比,基于双层局部能量因子的方法将单帧检测时间降低至三分之一.
