Humanβ-defensin-1 affects the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and autophagy in colon cancer cells through long noncoding RNA TCONS_00014506

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer has a low 5-year survival rate and high mortality.Humanβ-defensin-1(hBD-1)may play an integral function in the innate immune system,contributing to the recognition and destruction of cancer cells.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are involved in the process of cell differentiation and growth.AIM To investigate the effect of hBD-1 on the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway and autophagy in human colon cancer SW620 cells.METHODS CCK8 assay was utilized for the detection of cell proliferation and determination of the optimal drug concentration.Colony formation assay was employed to assess the effect of hBD-1 on SW620 cell proliferation.Bioinformatics was used to screen potentially biologically significant lncRNAs related to the mTOR pathway.Additionally,p-mTOR(Ser2448),Beclin1,and LC3II/I expression levels in SW620 cells were assessed through Western blot analysis.RESULTS hBD-1 inhibited the proliferative ability of SW620 cells,as evidenced by the reduction in the colony formation capacity of SW620 cells upon exposure to hBD-1.hBD-1 decreased the expression of p-mTOR(Ser2448)protein and increased the expression of Beclin1 and LC3II/I protein.Furthermore,bioinformatics analysis identified seven lncRNAs(2 upregulated and 5 downregulated)related to the mTOR pathway.The lncRNA TCONS_00014506 was ultimately selected.Following the inhibition of the lncRNA TCONS_00014506,exposure to hBD-1 inhibited p-mTOR(Ser2448)and promoted Beclin1 and LC3II/I protein expression.CONCLUSION hBD-1 inhibits the mTOR pathway and promotes autophagy by upregulating the expression of the lncRNA TCONS_00014506 in SW620 cells.

Development of RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay for rapid and reliable detection of human bocavirus 1

Human bocavirus(HBoV)1 is considered an important pathogen that mainly affects infants aged 6–24 months,but preventing viral transmission in resource-limited regions through rapid and affordable on-site diagnosis of individuals with early infection of HBoV1 remains somewhat challenging.Herein,we present a novel faster,lower cost,reliable method for the detection of HBoV1,which integrates a recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)assay with the CRISPR/Cas12a system,designated the RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay.The RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence system can specifically detect target gene levels as low as 0.5 copies of HBoV1 plasmid DNA per microliter within 40 min at 37℃without the need for sophisticated instruments.The method also demonstrates excellent specificity without cross-reactivity to non-target pathogens.Furthermore,the method was appraised using 28 clinical samples,and displayed high accuracy with positive and negative predictive agreement of 90.9%and 100%,respectively.Therefore,our proposed rapid and sensitive HBoV1 detection method,the RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay,shows promising potential for early on-site diagnosis of HBoV1 infection in the fields of public health and health care.The established RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay is rapid and reliable method for human bocavirus 1 detection.The RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay can be completed within 40 min with robust specificity and sensitivity of 0.5 copies/μl.

Establishment of a humanized ST6GAL1 mouse model for influenza research

Background:This study aimed to construct and characterize a humanized influenza mouse model expressing hST6GAL1.Methods:Humanized fragments,consisting of the endothelial cell-specific K18 promoter,human ST6GAL1-encoding gene,and luciferase gene,were microinjected into the fertilized eggs of mice.The manipulated embryos were transferred into the oviducts of pseudopregnant female mice.The offspring were identified using PCR.Mice exhibiting elevated expression of the hST6GAL1 gene were selectively bred for propagation,and in vivo analysis was performed for screening.Expression of the humanized gene was tested by performing immunohistochemical(IHC)analysis.Hematologic and biochemical analyses using the whole blood and serum of humanized hST6GAL1 mice were performed.Results:Successful integration of the human ST6GAL1 gene into the mouse genome led to the overexpression of human SiaT ST6GAL1.Seven mice were identified as carrying copies of the humanized gene,and the in vivo analysis indicated that hST6GAL1gene expression in positive mice mirrored influenza virus infection characteristics.The IHC results revealed that hST6GAL1 was expressed in the lungs of humanized mice.Moreover,the hematologic and biochemical parameters of the positive mice were within the normal range.Conclusion:A humanized influenza mouse model expressing the hST6GAL1 gene was successfully established and characterized.

MicroRNA-298 determines the radio-resistance of colorectal cancer cells by directly targeting human dual-specificity tyrosine(Y)-regulated kinase 1A

BACKGROUND Radiotherapy stands as a promising therapeutic modality for colorectal cancer(CRC);yet,the formidable challenge posed by radio-resistance significantly undermines its efficacy in achieving CRC remission.AIM To elucidate the role played by microRNA-298(miR-298)in CRC radio-resistance.METHODS To establish a radio-resistant CRC cell line,HT-29 cells underwent exposure to 5 gray ionizing radiation that was followed by a 7-d recovery period.The quantification of miR-298 levels within CRC cells was conducted through quantitative RT-PCR,and protein expression determination was realized through Western blotting.Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and proliferation by clonogenic assay.Radio-induced apoptosis was discerned through flow cytometry analysis.RESULTS We observed a marked upregulation of miR-298 in radio-resistant CRC cells.MiR-298 emerged as a key determinant of cell survival following radiation exposure,as its overexpression led to a notable reduction in radiation-induced apoptosis.Intriguingly,miR-298 expression exhibited a strong correlation with CRC cell viability.Further investigation unveiled human dual-specificity tyrosine(Y)-regulated kinase 1A(DYRK1A)as miR-298’s direct target.CONCLUSION Taken together,our findings underline the role played by miR-298 in bolstering radio-resistance in CRC cells by means of DYRK1A downregulation,thereby positioning miR-298 as a promising candidate for mitigating radioresistance in CRC.

Subclinical hepatitis E virus genotype 1 infection:The concept of“dynamic human reservoir”

Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is hyperendemic in South Asia and Africa accounting for half of total Global HEV burden.There are eight genotypes of HEV.Among them,the four common ones known to infect humans,genotypes 1 and 2 are prevalent in the developing world and genotypes 3 and 4 are causing challenge in the industrialized world.Asymptomatic HEV viremia in the general population,especially among blood donors,has been reported in the literature worldwide.The clinical implications related to this asymptomatic viremia are unclear and need further exploration.Detection of viremia due to HEV genotype 1 infection,apparently among healthy blood donors is also reported without much knowledge about its infection rate.Similarly,while HEV genotype 3 is known to be transmitted via blood transfusion in humans and has been subjected to screening in many European nations,instances of transmission have also been documented albeit without significant clinical consequences.Epidemiology of HEV genotype 1 in endemic areas often show waxing and waning pattern.Occasional sporadic occurrence of HEV infection interrupted by outbreaks have been frequently seen.In absence of known animal reservoir,where HEV exists in between outbreak is a mystery that needs further exploration.However,occurrence of asymptomatic HEV viremia due to HEV genotype 1 during epidemiologically quiescent period may explain that this phenomenon may act as a dynamic reservoir.Since HEV genotype 1 infection cannot cause chronicity,subclinical transient infection and transmission of virus might be the reason it sustains in interepidemic period.This might be the similar phenomenon with SARS COVID-19 corona virus infection which is circulating worldwide in distinct phases with peaks and plateaus despite vaccination against it.In view of existing evidence,we propose the concept of“Dynamic Human Reservoir.”Quiescent subclinical infection of HEV without any clinical consequences and subsequent transmission may contribute to the existence of the virus in a community.The potential for transmitting HEV infection by asymptomatic HEV infected individuals by fecal shedding of virus has not been reported in literature.This missing link may be a key to Pandora's box in understanding epidemiology of HEV infection in genotype 1 predominant region.

Regulation role of miR-204 on SIRT1/VEGF in metabolic memory induced by high glucose in human retinal pigment epithelial cells

AIM:To examine the regulatory role of microRNA-204(miR-204)on silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)under highglucose-induced metabolic memory in human retinal pigment epithelial(hRPE)cells.METHODS:Cells were cultured with either normal(5 mmol/L)or high D-glucose(25 mmol/L)concentrations for 8d to establish control and high-glucose groups,respectively.To induce metabolic memory,cells were cultured with 25 mmol/L D-glucose for 4d followed by culture with 5 mmol/L D-glucose for 4d.In addition,exposed in 25 mmol/L D-glucose for 4d and then transfected with 100 nmol/L miR-204 control,miR-204 inhibitor or miR-204 mimic in 5 mmol/L D-glucose for 4d.Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was used to detect miR-204 mRNA levels.SIRT1 and VEGF protein levels were assessed by immunohistochemical and Western blot.Flow cytometry was used to investigate apoptosis rate.RESULTS:It was found that high glucose promoted miR-204 and VEGF expression,and inhibited SIRT1 activity,even after the return to normal glucose culture conditions.Upregulation of miR-204 promoted apoptosis inhibiting SIRT1 and increasing VEGF expression.However,downregulation of miR-204 produced the opposite effects.CONCLUSION:The study identifies that miR-204 is the upstream target of SIRT1and VEGF,and that miR-204 can protect hRPE cells from the damage caused by metabolic memory through increasing SIRT1 and inhibiting VEGF expression.

SIRT1 inhibits apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress in vitro and in vivo

AIM:To explore the effect of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1(SIRT1)on modulating apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)and alleviating lens opacification of rats through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.METHODS:HLECs(SRA01/04)were treated with varying concentrations of tunicamycin(TM)for 24h,and the expression of SIRT1 and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP)was assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),Western blotting,and immunofluorescence.Cell morphology and proliferation was evaluated using an inverted microscope and cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,respectively.In the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis model,which underwent siRNA transfection for SIRT1 knockdown and SRT1720 treatment for its activation,the expression levels of SIRT1,CHOP,glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78),and activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)were examined.The potential reversal of SIRT1 knockdown effects by 4-phenyl butyric acid(4-PBA;an ER stress inhibitor)was investigated.In vivo,age-related cataract(ARC)rat models were induced by sodium selenite injection,and the protective role of SIRT1,activated by SRT1720 intraperitoneal injections,was evaluated through morphology observation,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,Western blotting,and RT-PCR.RESULTS:SIRT1 expression was downregulated in TMinduced SRA01/04 cells.Besides,in SRA01/04 cells,both cell apoptosis and CHOP expression increased with the rising doses of TM.ER stress was stimulated by TM,as evidenced by the increased GRP78 and ATF4 in the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis model.Inhibition of SIRT1 by siRNA knockdown increased ER stress activation,whereas SRT1720 treatment had opposite results.4-PBA partly reverse the adverse effect of SIRT1 knockdown on apoptosis.In vivo,SRT1720 attenuated the lens opacification and weakened the ER stress activation in ARC rat models.CONCLUSION:SIRT1 plays a protective role against TM-induced apoptosis in HLECs and slows the progression of cataract in rats by inhibiting ER stress.These findings suggest a novel strategy for cataract treatment focused on targeting ER stress,highlighting the therapeutic potential of SIRT1 modulation in ARC development.

NRG1、HER3在前列腺癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系

目的研究前列腺癌(PC)组织中神经调节蛋白1(NRG1)、人表皮生长因子受体3(HER3)表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法选取2015年2月—2020年2月吉林省人民医院泌尿外科诊治PC患者96例,免疫组织化学检测组织中NRG1、HER3表达;Kaplan-Meier曲线(Log-Rank检验)比较不同NRG1、HER3表达对PC患者预后的影响;COX回归分析PC患者预后的影响因素。结果PC癌组织中NRG1、HER3阳性率分别为78.13%(75/96)、75.00%(72/96),高于癌旁组织6.25%(6/96)、8.33%(8/96)(χ^(2)/P=101.670/<0.001,87.771/<0.001)。TNM分期Ⅲ期、Gleason评分>7分及术前PSA水平≥20μg/L患者癌组织中NRG1、HER3阳性率大于TNM分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、Gleason评分≤7分及术前PSA水平<20μg/L(χ^(2)/P=6.181/0.013,8.533/0.003;7.731/0.005,6.769/0.009;6.508/0.011,7.376/0.007)。NRG1阳性组、HER3阳性组3年累积无进展生存率分别低于NRG1阴性组、HER3阴性组(χ^(2)/P=4.267/0.039,5.499/0.019)。TNM分期Ⅲ期、Gleason评分>7分、术前PSA≥20μg/L、NRG1阳性,HER3阳性是影响PC患者预后的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=1.448(1.118~1.875),1.401(1.138~1.724),1.353(1.059~1.728),1.338(1.057~1.692),1.293(1.014~1.649)]。结论PC癌组织中NRG1、HER3表达升高,与PC不良临床病理特征相关,是新的评估PC预后的肿瘤标志物。

HIV-1整合酶基因序列分析方法验证

目的 验证实验室自建人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)整合酶基因序列分析方法。该方法可用于评估HIV-1整合酶区段基因型耐药水平。方法 根据世界卫生组织自建基因序列分析方法验证的建议,从20份HIV-1阳性样本中提取RNA,扩增HIV-1整合酶区基因片段,并测序。通过与病毒质量保证(VQA)共识进行比对,评估实验室自建的HIV-1整合酶基因序列分析方案的准确性,通过扩增成功率评估其灵敏度,通过同一样本的重复检测结果评估其精密度和重现性。结果 20份样本与VQA共识的核苷酸一致率均>98%;10个高病毒载量(>10 000拷贝·mL^(-1))样本和5个低病毒载量(1 000~5 000拷贝·mL^(-1))样本的扩增成功率均为100%;4个样本的同批次5复孔和5个样本5次检测的结果均符合90%的样本配对比较核苷酸一致率>98%的要求。结论 该HIV-1整合酶基因序列分析方法的准确性、灵敏度、精密度和重现性均符合要求,适用于HIV-1整合酶基因序列分析。

四氢嘧啶对HaCaT细胞活力及AQP3、Claudin-1、ZO-1表达的影响

目的研究四氢嘧啶(Ectoine)对人角质形成细胞(HaCaT)的细胞活力、细胞凋亡率和细胞活性氧(ROS)的影响,并分析水通道蛋白3(AQP3)、紧密连接蛋白-1(Claudin-1)、闭锁连接蛋白(ZO-1)的表达水平。方法设置Ectoine浓度实验组和空白对照组,培养HaCaT细胞(24 h),采用CCK8法检测HaCaT细胞的细胞活力,甄选最佳的Ectoine作用浓度。用Western Blot法检测HaCaT细胞的AQP3、Claudin-1、ZO-1表达水平;用流式细胞仪检测HaCaT细胞的凋亡率及胞内ROS水平。结果CCK8法检测结果显示,0.10%Ectoine组、0.20%Ectoine组、0.30%Ectoine组的HaCaT细胞活力均高于120%,其中0.20%Ectoine组最高(146.92%±7.67%)。Ectoine浓度实验组相对于空白对照组,HaCaT细胞的AQP3、Claudin-1、ZO-1表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),且细胞凋亡率和胞内ROS水平均明显降低(P<0.05)。结论Ectoine可提高HaCaT细胞的细胞活力,降低凋亡率和胞内ROS水平,上调AQP3、Claudin-1、ZO-1表达水平。Ectoine可能与相关保湿蛋白的表达相关,对HaCaT细胞具有一定的保护作用。

中晚期宫颈癌患者血清HE4、TK1、DCLK1水平变化及其与化疗效果的关系

目的 分析中晚期宫颈癌患者血清人附睾蛋白4(HE4)、胸苷激酶1(TK1)、双皮质素样激酶1(DCLK1)变化及其与化疗效果的关系。方法 收集2020年1月至2023年1月于郑州大学第一附属医院接受化疗的215例中晚期宫颈癌患者的病历资料,根据纳入患者的化疗效果将其分为良好组和不良组,其中良好组疗效评估结果为完全缓解(CR)与部分缓解(PR),共173例,不良组疗效评估结果为稳定(SD)与进展(PD),共42例。比较两组血清HE4、TK1、DCLK1水平等临床资料,分析中晚期宫颈癌患者血清HE4、TK1、DCLK1水平与化疗效果的关系。结果 良好组临床分期为Ⅱ期比例、高分化比例、无淋巴结转移比例均高于不良组,肿瘤最大直径以及血清HE4、TK1、DCLK1水平均低于不良组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经logistic多因素分析显示,肿瘤的临床分期达到Ⅳ期、分化程度为中低分化、淋巴结转移以及血清HE4、TK1、DCLK1水平升高均为影响中晚期宫颈癌患者化疗效果的独立因素(P<0.05);经Spearman相关性分析显示,中晚期宫颈癌患者临床分期、淋巴结转移以及血清HE4、TK1、DCLK1水平与其化疗效果成负相关,分化程度与其化疗效果成正相关(P<0.05)。结论 中晚期宫颈癌患者临床分期越晚、分化程度越差、临床转移以及HE4、TK1、DCLK1水平越高,越不利于患者的化疗,上述指标对其预后均具有一定预测价值。

基于ox-LDL/LOX-1信号通路探讨脂质代谢紊乱促进肺癌进展中的机制

目的基于氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)/人凝集素样氧化低密度脂蛋白受体1(LOX-1)信号通路探讨脂质代谢紊乱促进肺癌进展的机制。方法收集81个已鉴定的具有成对相邻非癌组织(离肿瘤至少5 cm)的肺腺癌组织,使用免疫组织化学检测LOX-1表达。肺腺癌细胞系(A549、H1299细胞)中过表达LOX-1。用Transwell测定细胞侵袭能力。用不同浓度oxLDL处理细胞,并检测细胞中LOX-1表达情况。结果在包含原发性人肺癌和匹配的邻近非癌组织中,肿瘤中LOX-1染色比非癌组织样品明显增强(中值H分数99.4 vs.16.2,P<0.001)。高LOX-1表达与低生存显著相关(P<0.001)。与无淋巴结转移的患者相比,发生淋巴结转移患者的癌组织具有更高的LOX-1水平(中值H分数83.2 vs.121.1,P<0.01)。LOX-1过表达显著促进肺癌细胞的侵袭转移细胞数(P<0.01)。此外,LOX-1是ox-LDL诱导的肺癌细胞转移所必需的功能靶点。伊他替尼抑制LOX-1过表达的A549在体外的转移能力。结论LOX-1的表达随着oxLDL水平的升高而增加,并且LOX-1的表达上调促进了肺癌细胞的转移,其作用机制可能与激活Janus激酶/转录因子激活子(JAK1/STAT6)信号通路有关。

乌苏酸对人胰腺癌细胞PANC-1增殖和凋亡的影响

目的探讨乌苏酸对人胰腺癌细胞PANC-1增殖、凋亡的影响。方法以1.25,2.5,5,10,25,50μmol/L乌苏酸培养PANC-1细胞24,48,72 h,采用四氮唑盐(MTT)法测定细胞活性。实验分为对照1组(等体积二甲基亚砜)及乌苏酸低、中、高剂量组(5,10,20μmol/L乌苏酸),显微镜下观察细胞形态,采用Western blot法检测磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K),磷酸化的蛋白激酶B(p-Akt),磷酸化哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(p-m TOR),活化半胱氨酸蛋白酶3(Cleaved Caspase-3),B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2关联X蛋白(Bax)的蛋白表达水平,采用细胞集落形成实验观察细胞增殖情况。实验分为对照2组(等体积二甲基亚砜)和乌苏酸组(10μmol/L乌苏酸),采用细胞划痕实验观察细胞培养48,72 h的迁移情况。利用分子对接实验模拟乌苏酸与PI3K和Akt2的相互作用。结果随着乌苏酸浓度的升高,PANC-1细胞活性逐渐减弱,24,48,72 h时的半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为7.89,6.26,5.06μmol/L。与对照1组比较,乌苏酸各剂量组细胞逐渐失去原有形态,且随着浓度的增加,变形细胞数目随之增加,且细胞边界模糊不清;细胞数量显著减少(P<0.05);乌苏酸各剂量组细胞Cleaved Caspase-3、Bax蛋白的表达水平均显著升高,乌苏酸中、高剂量组细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达水平显著降低,乌苏酸各剂量组细胞p-m TOR,中、高剂量组细胞p-Akt,高剂量组细胞PI3K蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照2组比较,乌苏酸组细胞48 h,72 h的迁移距离缩短。乌苏酸的乌苏烷型三萜类结构可进入PI3K与Akt2中的三磷酸腺苷(ATP)结合位点竞争性结合疏水口袋,从而影响PI3K和Akt2与ATP的结合,抑制其激活。结论乌苏酸可通过抑制PI3K/Akt/m TOR信号通路的激活而抑制PANC-1细胞的增殖,促进其凋亡。

黄芪甲苷经由miR-125a-5p/NLRP1轴减轻椎间盘突出髓核细胞损伤

目的在白介素-1β(IL-1β)诱导退变的人髓核细胞中,探究黄芪甲苷对miR-125a-5p及其靶基因介导的信号通路的作用,揭示黄芪甲苷(astragaloside IV,AS-IV)对髓核细胞增殖、凋亡以及炎症反应的影响。方法实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测miR-125a-5p和核苷酸寡聚化结构域(NOD)样受体蛋白1(nucleotide oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor protein 1,NLRP1)在椎间盘突出患者髓核组织中的表达,用IL-1β诱导髓核细胞退变,在20、50和80μg·mL^(-1)黄芪甲苷干预浓度下检测miR-125a-5p和NLRP1的表达,在IL-1β和80μg·mL^(-1)黄芪甲苷处理的髓核细胞中单独或共同转染miR-125a-5p模拟物和NLRP1过表达质粒,然后分别检测细胞增殖、凋亡和炎症因子分泌情况,蛋白质免疫印迹(Western blot)检测细胞中信号通路相关蛋白p56和p38的磷酸化水平。结果椎间盘突出(lumbar disc herniation,LDH)患者的髓核组织中miR-125a-5p表达下调,NLRP1表达上调。黄芪甲苷促进IL-1β处理的髓核细胞中miR-125a-5p表达,减少NLRP1表达以及p56和p38蛋白的磷酸化水平。黄芪甲苷促进髓核细胞增殖,减少凋亡和炎症反应。结论黄芪甲苷通过上调miR-125a-5p表达,抑制NLRP1的表达和NF-κB/MAPK信号通路,减少IL-1β诱导的髓核细胞损伤。

IL-1β通过激活ERK1/2信号通路抑制人脐带间充质干细胞CD200表达抑制巨噬细胞M2极化

目的探究白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)调控人脐带间充质干细胞CD200表达及其对巨噬细胞极化的影响及作用机制。方法无血清培养基分离培养获得人脐带间充质干细胞(hUC-MSC),形态学观察及流式细胞术检测CD73、CD90、CD105、CD14、CD34、CD45、人类白细胞抗原DR(HLA-DR)的表达,确定间充质干细胞属性;20 ng/mL IL-1β处理hUC-MSC 24 h,流式细胞术检测CD200阳性细胞率,实时定量PCR和Western blot法检测CD200 mRNA和蛋白表达水平;佛波酯(PMA)诱导THP-1巨噬细胞活化,并与IL-1β处理感染CD200过表达慢病毒的hUC-MSC共培养,流式细胞术检测CD11c和CD206阳性细胞比例;IL-1β联合细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(ERK1/2)特异性抑制剂PD98059处理hUC-MSC,Western blot法检测细胞丝裂原激活蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号分子与CD200的表达。结果IL-1β显著下调hUC-MSC CD200蛋白表达与CD200阳性细胞率;过表达CD200显著上调hUC-MSC CD200表达,且CD200过表达hUC-MSC提高巨噬细胞CD206阳性细胞比率;IL-1β激活hUC-MSC的ERK1/2信号通路,PD98059上调IL-1β处理后hUC-MSC中CD200的蛋白表达。结论IL-1β通过激活ERK1/2信号通路抑制CD200的表达,进而抑制hUC-MSC对巨噬细胞向M2型极化的促进作用。

血清Kal、TREM-1对高血压性脑出血患者病情严重程度及预后的影响

目的探讨血清人源性激肽释放酶结合蛋白(Kal)、髓系细胞触发受体-1(TREM-1)对高血压性脑出血(HICH)患者病情严重程度及预后的影响。方法选取该院2020年1月至2023年3月该院收治的180例HICH患者作为HICH组,另选取同期在该院体检的180例健康体检者作为对照组。根据HICH患者的病情严重程度分为轻度组、中度组、重度组,根据患者的预后情况分为预后良好组和预后不良组。收集HICH患者基本资料并检测所有研究对象的Kal、TREM-1水平。采用多因素Logistic回归分析HICH患者预后不良的危险因素,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清Kal、TREM-1对HICH患者预后不良的预测价值。结果HICH组血清Kal水平低于对照组,TREM-1水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。轻度组有56例患者,中度组有82例患者,重度组有42例患者。重度组血清Kal水平低于轻度组和中度组,且中度组低于轻度组(P<0.05)。重度组血清TREM-1水平高于轻度组和中度组,且中度组高于轻度组(P<0.05)。预后良好组有122例患者,预后不良组有58例患者。预后不良组有高血压史患者的比例、TREM-1水平、出血量均高于预后良好组,Kal水平低于预后良好组(P<0.05);预后良好组和预后不良组年龄、男性比例、体质量指数、糖尿病史情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,有高血压史、TREM-1水平升高、出血量大、Kal水平降低是HICH患者预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,2项指标联合检测预测HICH患者预后不良的曲线下面积为0.920,高于Kal、TREM-1单独预测的0.857和0.860(Z=2.765、2.324,P=0.006、0.020)。结论HICH患者血清Kal水平降低,TREM-1水平升高,与患者病情严重程度及预后密切相关,2项指标联合检测对HICH患者预后不良具有较高预测价值。

羧甲司坦口服溶液联合重组人干扰素α1b治疗小儿急性喘息性支气管炎的效果

目的分析急性喘息性支气管炎患儿接受重组人干扰素α1b单药与联合羧甲司坦口服溶液治疗的效果。方法回顾性分析2021年6月至2023年6月医院收治的100例急性喘息性支气管炎患儿资料,按不同治疗方案分为对照组、观察组,各50例。对照组接受重组人干扰素α1b治疗,观察组接受羧甲司坦口服溶液联合重组人干扰素α1b治疗。比较两组临床疗效、主要症状缓解时间、气道炎症相关因子[趋化因子配体3(CCL3)、高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)、α1-酸性糖蛋白(α1-AG)]、T淋巴细胞(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))及不良反应。结果观察组临床总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组气促、喘息、咳嗽、肺部音等症状缓解时间降低(P<0.05)。治疗4、7 d后,两组CCL3、HMGB1、α1-AG较治疗前下降,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论羧甲司坦口服溶液联合重组人干扰素α1b治疗急性喘息性支气管炎,可抑制气道炎症,调节机体免疫,促进症状缓解,疗效确切,且安全性高。

SOX7靶向ERK1/2/PD-L1通路抑制结直肠癌血管生成

目的探讨性别决定区Y框蛋白7(SOX7)对结直肠癌血管生成的影响及潜在作用机制。方法应用免疫荧光检测结直肠癌患者组织样本中SOX7表达水平,之后通过裸鼠、转染SOX7 mimic的人结直肠癌细胞系SW480细胞和人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)共培养进一步研究。用Western-blot验证SOX7与ERK1/2/PD-L1对结直肠癌细胞的相关蛋白表达的影响。用CCK8检测SOX7与ERK1/2/PD-L1对HUVEC增殖的影响。通过体外内皮细胞成管实验测定SOX7与ERK1/2/PD-L1对肿瘤血管生成的影响。结果SOX7在人结直肠癌组织中表达被抑制(P<0.01),同时SOX7的过表达抑制了小鼠体内肿瘤生长(P<0.01)。SW480细胞中SOX7的过表达抑制了ERK1/2、c-Jun的表达,并在ERK1/2的激动剂Senkyunolide I的作用下上调了SW480细胞的ERK1/2、c-Jun蛋白表达(P<0.01),逆转了SOX7对SW480细胞中ERK1/2、c-Jun蛋白表达的影响(P<0.01)。HUVEC中SOX7抑制了PD-L1、V-EGFR2、p-PI3K、HIF-1α的蛋白表达,Senkyunolide I上调了HUVEC的PD-L1、V-EGFR2、p-PI3K、HIF-1α的蛋白表达,并逆转了SOX7对HUVEC中上述相关蛋白表达的影响(P<0.01)。PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor 3抑制了PD-L1、V-EGFR2、p-PI3K、HIF-1α的蛋白表达,SOX7过表达在PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor 3的影响下并没有表现出抑制作用。CCK8实验结果显示SOX7过表达显著抑制了HUVEC的增殖能力,Senkyunolide I作用下的两组HUVEC增殖能力较SOX7 NC组与SOX7 mimic组明显上升,PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor 3作用下的两组HUVEC增殖能力较SOX7 NC组与SOX7 mimic组明显下降,以上均有明显统计学差异(P<0.01)。成管实验结果显示SOX7过表达抑制了HUVEC的血管生成,Senkyunolide I强烈加速了血管生成,而PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor 3血管生成则被显著抑制,以上均有明显统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论SOX7通过ERK1/2/PD-L1通路抑制结直肠肿瘤的增殖和血管生成,SOX7可能是晚期CRC患者临床治疗中潜在的抗血管生成靶点。

血清嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子、人β-防御素-1对活动性肺结核的鉴别诊断价值及与临床疗效的关系研究

目的探讨血清嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子(Eot)、人β-防御素-1(hBD-1)对活动性肺结核(ATB)的鉴别诊断价值,并分析二者与临床疗效的关系。方法选取2020年3月至2022年10月攀枝花市中心医院收治的162例ATB患者(ATB组),另选取同期81名体检健康者(健康组)及81例潜伏结核感染(LTBI)者(LTBI组),检测并比较三组血清Eot、hBD-1水平,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析其对LTBI与ATB的鉴别诊断价值。ATB组患者均予2HRZE/4HR方案治疗,根据疗效分为有效组与无效组,比较两组血清Eot、hBD-1水平。采用多因素logistic回归分析影响ATB患者疗效的危险因素。采用ROC曲线分析血清Eot、hBD-1对疗效的预测价值。结果ATB组、LTBI组血清Eot水平高于健康组,hBD-1水平低于健康组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ATB组血清Eot水平高于LTBI组,hBD-1水平低于LTBI组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清Eot、hBD-1水平均具有鉴别诊断LTBI与ATB的价值(P<0.05),且两指标联合的鉴别诊断效能更优[AUC(95%CI)=0.834(0.696~0.969),P<0.001],灵敏度和特异度分别为83.33%、82.72%。162例ATB患者治疗有效率为76.54%(124/162),治疗无效率为23.46%(38/162)。无效组有吸烟史、合并空洞及Eot水平均显著高于有效组(P<0.05),hBD-1水平显著低于有效组(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,有吸烟史、合并空洞、较高的Eot水平及较低的hBD-1水平是ATB治疗无效的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清Eot、hBD-1水平均能有效预测ATB患者的疗效(P<0.05),且两指标联合的预测效能更优[AUC(95%CI)=0.842(0.720~0.940),P<0.001],灵敏度和特异度分别为81.58%、82.26%。结论ATB患者血清Eot水平升高、hBD-1水平下降有助于鉴别LTBI与ATB,且较高的Eot水平、较低的hBD-1水平是ATB患者治疗无效的独立危险因素,血清Eot、hBD-1联合检测对于预测ATB患者疗效具有较高的参考价值。

Interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha synergistically enhance the immunosuppressive capacity of human umbilical-cordderived mesenchymal stem cells by increasing PD-L1 expression

BACKGROUND The immunosuppressive capacity of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)is dependent on the“license”of several proinflammatory factors to express immunosuppressive factors such as programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(PD-L1),which determines the clinical therapeutic efficacy of MSCs for inflammatory or immune diseases.In MSCs,interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)is a key inducer of PD-L1 expression,which is synergistically enhanced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α);however,the underlying mechanism is unclear.AIM To reveal the mechanism of pretreated MSCs express high PD-L1 and explore the application of pretreated MSCs in ulcerative colitis.METHODS We assessed PD-L1 expression in human umbilical-cord-derived MSCs(hUC-MSCs)induced by IFN-γand TNF-α,alone or in combination.Additionally,we performed signal pathway inhibitor experiments as well as RNA interference experiments to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which IFN-γalone or in combination with TNF-αinduces PD-L1 expression.Moreover,we used luciferase reporter gene experiments to verify the binding sites of the transcription factors of each signal transduction pathway to the targeted gene promoters.Finally,we evaluated the immunosuppressive capacity of hUC-MSCs treated with IFN-γand TNF-αin both an in vitro mixed lymphocyte culture assay,and in vivo in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis.RESULTS Our results suggest that IFN-γinduction alone upregulates PD-L1 expression in hUC-MSCs while TNF-αalone does not,and that the co-induction of IFN-γand TNF-αpromotes higher expression of PD-L1.IFN-γinduces hUCMSCs to express PD-L1,in which IFN-γactivates the JAK/STAT1 signaling pathway,up-regulates the expression of the interferon regulatory factor 1(IRF1)transcription factor,promotes the binding of IRF1 and the PD-L1 gene promoter,and finally promotes PD-L1 mRNA.Although TNF-αalone did not induce PD-L1 expression in hUCMSCs,the addition of TNF-αsignificantly enhanced IFN-γ-induced JAK/STAT1/IRF1 activation.TNF-αupregulated IFN-γreceptor expression through activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway,which significantly enhanced IFN-γsignaling.Finally,co-induced hUC-MSCs have a stronger inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation,and significantly ameliorate weight loss,mucosal damage,inflammatory cell infiltration,and up-regulation of inflammatory factors in colitis mice.CONCLUSION Overall,our results suggest that IFN-γand TNF-αenhance both the immunosuppressive ability of hUC-MSCs and their efficacy in ulcerative colitis by synergistically inducing high expression of PD-L1.