BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer has a low 5-year survival rate and high mortality.Humanβ-defensin-1(hBD-1)may play an integral function in the innate immune system,contributing to the recognition and destruction of canc...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer has a low 5-year survival rate and high mortality.Humanβ-defensin-1(hBD-1)may play an integral function in the innate immune system,contributing to the recognition and destruction of cancer cells.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are involved in the process of cell differentiation and growth.AIM To investigate the effect of hBD-1 on the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway and autophagy in human colon cancer SW620 cells.METHODS CCK8 assay was utilized for the detection of cell proliferation and determination of the optimal drug concentration.Colony formation assay was employed to assess the effect of hBD-1 on SW620 cell proliferation.Bioinformatics was used to screen potentially biologically significant lncRNAs related to the mTOR pathway.Additionally,p-mTOR(Ser2448),Beclin1,and LC3II/I expression levels in SW620 cells were assessed through Western blot analysis.RESULTS hBD-1 inhibited the proliferative ability of SW620 cells,as evidenced by the reduction in the colony formation capacity of SW620 cells upon exposure to hBD-1.hBD-1 decreased the expression of p-mTOR(Ser2448)protein and increased the expression of Beclin1 and LC3II/I protein.Furthermore,bioinformatics analysis identified seven lncRNAs(2 upregulated and 5 downregulated)related to the mTOR pathway.The lncRNA TCONS_00014506 was ultimately selected.Following the inhibition of the lncRNA TCONS_00014506,exposure to hBD-1 inhibited p-mTOR(Ser2448)and promoted Beclin1 and LC3II/I protein expression.CONCLUSION hBD-1 inhibits the mTOR pathway and promotes autophagy by upregulating the expression of the lncRNA TCONS_00014506 in SW620 cells.展开更多
The human pose paradigm is estimated using a transformer-based multi-branch multidimensional directed the three-dimensional(3D)method that takes into account self-occlusion,badly posedness,and a lack of depth data in ...The human pose paradigm is estimated using a transformer-based multi-branch multidimensional directed the three-dimensional(3D)method that takes into account self-occlusion,badly posedness,and a lack of depth data in the per-frame 3D posture estimation from two-dimensional(2D)mapping to 3D mapping.Firstly,by examining the relationship between the movements of different bones in the human body,four virtual skeletons are proposed to enhance the cyclic constraints of limb joints.Then,multiple parameters describing the skeleton are fused and projected into a high-dimensional space.Utilizing a multi-branch network,motion features between bones and overall motion features are extracted to mitigate the drift error in the estimation results.Furthermore,the estimated relative depth is projected into 3D space,and the error is calculated against real 3D data,forming a loss function along with the relative depth error.This article adopts the average joint pixel error as the primary performance metric.Compared to the benchmark approach,the estimation findings indicate an increase in average precision of 1.8 mm within the Human3.6M sample.展开更多
Background Intelligent garments,a burgeoning class of wearable devices,have extensive applications in domains such as sports training and medical rehabilitation.Nonetheless,existing research in the smart wearables dom...Background Intelligent garments,a burgeoning class of wearable devices,have extensive applications in domains such as sports training and medical rehabilitation.Nonetheless,existing research in the smart wearables domain predominantly emphasizes sensor functionality and quantity,often skipping crucial aspects related to user experience and interaction.Methods To address this gap,this study introduces a novel real-time 3D interactive system based on intelligent garments.The system utilizes lightweight sensor modules to collect human motion data and introduces a dual-stream fusion network based on pulsed neural units to classify and recognize human movements,thereby achieving real-time interaction between users and sensors.Additionally,the system incorporates 3D human visualization functionality,which visualizes sensor data and recognizes human actions as 3D models in real time,providing accurate and comprehensive visual feedback to help users better understand and analyze the details and features of human motion.This system has significant potential for applications in motion detection,medical monitoring,virtual reality,and other fields.The accurate classification of human actions contributes to the development of personalized training plans and injury prevention strategies.Conclusions This study has substantial implications in the domains of intelligent garments,human motion monitoring,and digital twin visualization.The advancement of this system is expected to propel the progress of wearable technology and foster a deeper comprehension of human motion.展开更多
3D human pose estimation is a major focus area in the field of computer vision,which plays an important role in practical applications.This article summarizes the framework and research progress related to the estimat...3D human pose estimation is a major focus area in the field of computer vision,which plays an important role in practical applications.This article summarizes the framework and research progress related to the estimation of monocular RGB images and videos.An overall perspective ofmethods integrated with deep learning is introduced.Novel image-based and video-based inputs are proposed as the analysis framework.From this viewpoint,common problems are discussed.The diversity of human postures usually leads to problems such as occlusion and ambiguity,and the lack of training datasets often results in poor generalization ability of the model.Regression methods are crucial for solving such problems.Considering image-based input,the multi-view method is commonly used to solve occlusion problems.Here,the multi-view method is analyzed comprehensively.By referring to video-based input,the human prior knowledge of restricted motion is used to predict human postures.In addition,structural constraints are widely used as prior knowledge.Furthermore,weakly supervised learningmethods are studied and discussed for these two types of inputs to improve the model generalization ability.The problem of insufficient training datasets must also be considered,especially because 3D datasets are usually biased and limited.Finally,emerging and popular datasets and evaluation indicators are discussed.The characteristics of the datasets and the relationships of the indicators are explained and highlighted.Thus,this article can be useful and instructive for researchers who are lacking in experience and find this field confusing.In addition,by providing an overview of 3D human pose estimation,this article sorts and refines recent studies on 3D human pose estimation.It describes kernel problems and common useful methods,and discusses the scope for further research.展开更多
With the advancement of image sensing technology, estimating 3Dhuman pose frommonocular video has becomea hot research topic in computer vision. 3D human pose estimation is an essential prerequisite for subsequentacti...With the advancement of image sensing technology, estimating 3Dhuman pose frommonocular video has becomea hot research topic in computer vision. 3D human pose estimation is an essential prerequisite for subsequentaction analysis and understanding. It empowers a wide spectrum of potential applications in various areas, suchas intelligent transportation, human-computer interaction, and medical rehabilitation. Currently, some methodsfor 3D human pose estimation in monocular video employ temporal convolutional network (TCN) to extractinter-frame feature relationships, but the majority of them suffer from insufficient inter-frame feature relationshipextractions. In this paper, we decompose the 3D joint location regression into the bone direction and length, wepropose the TCG, a temporal convolutional network incorporating Gaussian error linear units (GELU), to solvebone direction. It enablesmore inter-frame features to be captured andmakes the utmost of the feature relationshipsbetween data. Furthermore, we adopt kinematic structural information to solve bone length enhancing the use ofintra-frame joint features. Finally, we design a loss function for joint training of the bone direction estimationnetwork with the bone length estimation network. The proposed method has extensively experimented on thepublic benchmark dataset Human3.6M. Both quantitative and qualitative experimental results showed that theproposed method can achieve more accurate 3D human pose estimations.展开更多
3-dimension(3-D)printing technology is growing strongly with many applications,one of which is the garment industry.The application of human body models to the garment industry is necessary to respond to the increasin...3-dimension(3-D)printing technology is growing strongly with many applications,one of which is the garment industry.The application of human body models to the garment industry is necessary to respond to the increasing personalization demand and still guarantee aesthetics.This paper proposes amethod to construct 3-D human models by applying deep learning.We calculate the location of the main slices of the human body,including the neck,chest,belly,buttocks,and the rings of the extremities,using pre-existing information.Then,on the positioning frame,we find the key points(fixed and unaltered)of these key slices and update these points tomatch the current parameters.To add points to a star slice,we use a deep learning model tomimic the form of the human body at that slice position.We use interpolation to produce sub-slices of different body sections based on the main slices to create complete body parts morphologically.We combine all slices to construct a full 3-D representation of the human body.展开更多
Purpose: Patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) requires manual operation of different workstations, which is time-consuming and error-prone. Therefore, developing automated solutions to improve efficiency and accu...Purpose: Patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) requires manual operation of different workstations, which is time-consuming and error-prone. Therefore, developing automated solutions to improve efficiency and accuracy is a priority. The purpose of this study was to develop a general software interface with scripting on a human interactive device (HID) for improving the efficiency and accuracy of manual quality assurance (QA) procedures. Methods: As an initial application, we aimed to automate our PSQA workflow that involves Varian Eclipse treatment planning system, Elekta MOSAIQ oncology information system and PTW Verisoft application. A general platform, the AutoFrame interface with two imbedded subsystems—the AutoFlow and the PyFlow, was developed with a scripting language for automating human operations of aforementioned systems. The interface included three functional modules: GUI module, UDF script interpreter and TCP/IP communication module. All workstations in the PSQA process were connected, and most manual operations were automated by AutoFrame sequentially or in parallel. Results: More than 20 PSQA tasks were performed both manually and using the developed AutoFrame interface. On average, 175 (±12) manual operations of the PSQA procedure were eliminated and performed by the automated process. The time to complete a PSQA task was 8.23 (±0.78) minutes for the automated workflow, in comparison to 13.91 (±3.01) minutes needed for manual operations. Conclusion: We have developed the AutoFrame interface framework that successfully automated our PSQA procedure, and significantly reduced the time, human (control/clicking/typing) errors, and operators’ stress. Future work will focus on improving the system’s flexibility and stability and extending its operations to other QA procedures.展开更多
AIM: To examine human β-defensin-3 (hBD-3) expression in inflamed gastric mucosal tissues or MKN45 gastric cancer cells with or without H pylori infection for better understanding the innate immune response to H pylo...AIM: To examine human β-defensin-3 (hBD-3) expression in inflamed gastric mucosal tissues or MKN45 gastric cancer cells with or without H pylori infection for better understanding the innate immune response to H pylori. METHODS: We used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions and immunohistochemistry to examine hBD-3 expression in inflamed gastric mucosal tissues or MKN45 gastric cancer cells with or without H pylori. Effects of hBD-3 against H pylori were also evaluated. RESULTS: The mean mRNA expression of hBD-3 in H pylori -positive specimens was significantly higher than that in H pylori-negative specimens (P = 0.0002, Mann-Whitney). In addition, unlike uninfected samples, 8 of 15 (53.33%) infected mucosal samples expressed hBD-3 protein. H pylori dose-dependently induced mRNA expression of hBD-3 in MKN45 cells, an effect inhibited by adding anti-toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 antibody. HBD-3 protein completely inhibited H pylori growth. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that like hBD-2, hBD-3 may be involved in the pathophysiology of H pylori-induced gastritis.展开更多
AIM:To determine whether the microRNA-27b-3p(miR-27b-3p)/NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)pathway plays a role in human retinal pigment epithelial(hRPE)cell response to high glucose,how miR-27b-3p and Nrf2 expression are r...AIM:To determine whether the microRNA-27b-3p(miR-27b-3p)/NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)pathway plays a role in human retinal pigment epithelial(hRPE)cell response to high glucose,how miR-27b-3p and Nrf2 expression are regulated,and whether this pathway could be specifically targeted.METHODS:hRPE cells were cultured in normal glucose or high glucose for 1,3,or 6d before measuring cellular proliferation rates using cell counting kit-8 and reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels using a dihydroethidium kit.miR-27b-3p,Nrf2,NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1)and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)mRNA and protein levels were analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)and immunocytofluorescence(ICF),respectively.Western blot analyses were performed to determine nuclear and total Nrf2 protein levels.Nrf2,NQO1,and HO-1 expression levels by RT-qPCR,ICF,or Western blot were further tested after miR-27b-3p overexpression or inhibitor lentiviral transfection.Finally,the expression level of those target genes was analyzed after treating hRPE cells with pyridoxamine.RESULTS:Persistent exposure to high glucose gradually suppressed hRPE Nrf2,NQO1,and HO-1 mRNA and protein levels and increased miR-27b-3p mRNA levels.High glucose also promoted ROS release and inhibited cellular proliferation.Nrf2,NQO1,and HO-1 mRNA levels decreased after miR-27b-3p overexpression and,conversely,both mRNA and protein levels increased after expressing a miR-27b-3p inhibitor.After treating hRPE cells exposed to high glucose with pyridoxamine,ROS levels tended to decreased,proliferation rate increased,Nrf2,NQO1,and HO-1 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated,and miR-27b-3p mRNA levels were suppressed.CONCLUSION:Nrf2 is a downstream target of miR-27b-3p.Furthermore,the miR-27b-3p inhibitor pyridoxamine can alleviate high glucose injury by regulating the miR-27b-3p/Nrf2 axis.展开更多
Human pose estimation is a basic and critical task in the field of computer vision that involves determining the position(or spatial coordinates)of the joints of the human body in a given image or video.It is widely u...Human pose estimation is a basic and critical task in the field of computer vision that involves determining the position(or spatial coordinates)of the joints of the human body in a given image or video.It is widely used in motion analysis,medical evaluation,and behavior monitoring.In this paper,the authors propose a method for multi-view human pose estimation.Two image sensors were placed orthogonally with respect to each other to capture the pose of the subject as they moved,and this yielded accurate and comprehensive results of three-dimensional(3D)motion reconstruction that helped capture their multi-directional poses.Following this,we propose a method based on 3D pose estimation to assess the similarity of the features of motion of patients with motor dysfunction by comparing differences between their range of motion and that of normal subjects.We converted these differences into Fugl–Meyer assessment(FMA)scores in order to quantify them.Finally,we implemented the proposed method in the Unity framework,and built a Virtual Reality platform that provides users with human–computer interaction to make the task more enjoyable for them and ensure their active participation in the assessment process.The goal is to provide a suitable means of assessing movement disorders without requiring the immediate supervision of a physician.展开更多
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is often associated with permanent cerebral palsy,neurosensory impairments,and cognitive deficits,and there is no effective treatment for complications related to hypoxic-ische...Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is often associated with permanent cerebral palsy,neurosensory impairments,and cognitive deficits,and there is no effective treatment for complications related to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.The therapeutic potential of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for various diseases has been explored.However,the potential use of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy has not yet been investigated.In this study,we injected human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle of a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy rat model and observed significant improvements in both cognitive and motor function.Protein chip analysis showed that interleukin-3 expression was significantly elevated in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy model rats.Following transplantation of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells,interleukin-3 expression was downregulated.To further investigate the role of interleukin-3 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,we established an in vitro SH-SY5Y cell model of hypoxic-ischemic injury through oxygen-glucose deprivation and silenced interleukin-3 expression using small interfering RNA.We found that the activity and proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation were further suppressed by interleukin-3 knockdown.Furthermore,interleukin-3 knockout exacerbated neuronal damage and cognitive and motor function impairment in rat models of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.The findings suggest that transplantation of hpcMSCs ameliorated behavioral impairments in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,and this effect was mediated by interleukin-3-dependent neurological function.展开更多
Objective:To explore the mechanism of circRNA-vgll3 in osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Methods:BMSCs cells were transfected with circRNA-vgll3,and divided into circRNA-vgll3 high...Objective:To explore the mechanism of circRNA-vgll3 in osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Methods:BMSCs cells were transfected with circRNA-vgll3,and divided into circRNA-vgll3 high-level group,circRNA-vgll3 low-level group,and negative control group(circRNA-vgll3 not transfected)according to the amount of transfection.The proliferation and apoptosis of BMSCs osteoblasts in each group were analyzed,and the alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,type I collagen gray value,bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2),Runx2 protein,and mRNA expression levels were detected.Results:The circRNA-vgll3 low-level group had a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of BMSCs osteoblasts,and the apoptosis rate of the circRNA-vgll3 low-level group was significantly higher than that of the circRNA-vgll3 high-level group(P<0.05);ALP activity,type I collagen gray value,BMP-2,Runx2 protein,and mRNA expression levels in the high-level circRNA-vgll3 group were significantly higher than those in the low-level circRNA-vgll3 group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Overexpression of circRNA-vgll3 can promote the osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs,while low expression of circRNA-vgll3 can inhibit the osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs.The main mechanism of action is that circRNA-vgll3 can affect osteogenic differentiation by regulating the Runx2 protein.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of MMP-9 inhibitor(Mki67)on the biology of human oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC15 cell line and to explore its mechanism of action through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Methods:SCC15...Objective:To investigate the effect of MMP-9 inhibitor(Mki67)on the biology of human oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC15 cell line and to explore its mechanism of action through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Methods:SCC15 cells were extracted,and the supernatant was discarded.The cells were then rinsed twice with PBS,and 0,2.5,5,and 10μL of Mki67(50 mg/mL)were added to the culture respectively.The inhibition rate of cell proliferation was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)method,and the cell migration was measured by Transwell chamber test.The cell apoptosis rate was detected by cytometry,and the p-Akt protein content in the cells of each group was determined by a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kit.Results:The cell proliferation rates of the 2.5μL,5μL,and 10μL dose groups were all lower than the 0μL group(P<0.05)before treatment,and the cell proliferation rates in the 2.5μL,5μL,and 10μL dose groups decreased overtime(P<0.05).After 24 h,with the increase of Mki67 concentration,the number of migration and invasion gradually decreased(P<0.05),and the number of apoptosis gradually increased(P<0.05);besides,the relative expression of MMP-9,PI3K,and Akt mRNA decreased gradually(P<0.05),and the expression level of Akt mRNA was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:MMP-9 inhibitor(Mki67)can inhibit the proliferation and migration of SCC15 cell line and induce apoptosis,and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.展开更多
[Objectives]To study the effect and mechanism of baicalin on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in human fibroblast like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis(HFLS-RA).[Methods]To confirm that baicalin alleviated the...[Objectives]To study the effect and mechanism of baicalin on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in human fibroblast like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis(HFLS-RA).[Methods]To confirm that baicalin alleviated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in HFLS-RA,the expression of NLRP3 before and after baicalin treatment was observed by immunofluorescence.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of p-PI3K,p-Akt,NF-κB p65,NLRP3,ASC and caspase-1 after baicalin treatment for 48 h,and the contents of IL-1 and IL-18 in the supernatents were detected by ELISA.In order to explore the mechanism of baicalin alleviating the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome,the corresponding relationship between let-7i-3p and PIK3CA was verified by double luciferin and Westen blot analysis.The expression of let-7i-3p and PI3K before and after baicalin intervention was detected by RT-qPCR.let-7i-3p interference was used to verify whether baicalin mitigated the activation of enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome.[Results]Baicalin(50 and 100 mg/L)significantly reduced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome,inhibited the protein expressions of p-PI3K,p-Akt,NF-κB p65,NLRP3,ASC and caspase-1,and the secretion of IL-1 and IL-18.let-7i-3p and PIK3CA had a targeted correspondence,and baicalin up-regulated the expression of let-7i-3p and down-regulated the expression of PIK3CA.Baicalin attenuated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome enhanced by let-7i-3p interference.[Conclusions]Baicalin can up-regulate let-7i-3p expression,inhibit PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signal transduction,and thus reduce the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in HFLS-RA.展开更多
目的探讨人参皂苷Rg_(3)对过氧化氢诱导的人晶状体上皮细胞氧化损伤的改善作用及对核转录因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor E2 related factor 2,Nrf2)/血红素加氧酶-1(heme oxygenase 1,HO-1)信号通路的调节作用。方法用不同浓度人参皂...目的探讨人参皂苷Rg_(3)对过氧化氢诱导的人晶状体上皮细胞氧化损伤的改善作用及对核转录因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor E2 related factor 2,Nrf2)/血红素加氧酶-1(heme oxygenase 1,HO-1)信号通路的调节作用。方法用不同浓度人参皂苷Rg_(3)处理过氧化氢诱导的SRA01/04细胞,用噻唑盐(methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium,MTT)法检测细胞存活率。将第3代对数生长期SRA01/04细胞随机分为正常组、氧化损伤组(用200μmol∙mL^(−1)过氧化氢处理)、人参皂苷Rg_(3)低剂量组和人参皂苷Rg_(3)高剂量组(分别用40、80μg∙mL^(−1)人参皂苷Rg_(3)处理6 h,更换培养基后用200μmol∙mL^(−1)过氧化氢处理12 h),用MTT法检测细胞存活率,用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,用试剂盒检测丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxidedismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathioneperoxidase,GSH-Px)的含量,用蛋白印迹法检测Nrf2、Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(Kelch like epichlorohydrin related protein 1,Keap1)和HO-1蛋白的相对表达量。结果与0μg∙mL^(−1)人参皂苷Rg_(3)组比较,10、20、40、80μg∙mL^(−1)人参皂苷Rg_(3)组的细胞存活率逐渐升高(P<0.05)。与正常组比较,氧化损伤组的细胞存活率、SOD和GSHPx含量以及Nrf2、Keap1和HO-1蛋白相对表达量降低,细胞凋亡率和MDA含量升高(P<0.05);与氧化损伤组比较,人参皂苷Rg_(3)低剂量和人参皂苷Rg_(3)高剂量组的细胞存活率、SOD和GSH-Px含量以及Nrf2、Keap1和HO-1蛋白的相对表达量升高,细胞凋亡率和MDA含量降低(P<0.05);人参皂苷Rg_(3)低剂量和人参皂苷Rg_(3)高剂量组各项指标水平变化规律相同,人参皂苷Rg_(3)高剂量组更显著(P<0.05)。结论人参皂苷Rg_(3)可抑制过氧化氢诱导的人晶状体上皮细胞凋亡,减轻氧化应激损伤,其可能是通过激活Nrf2/HO-1信号通路发挥调节作用的。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82360329Inner Mongolia Medical University General Project,No.YKD2023MS047Inner Mongolia Health Commission Science and Technology Plan Project,No.202201275.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer has a low 5-year survival rate and high mortality.Humanβ-defensin-1(hBD-1)may play an integral function in the innate immune system,contributing to the recognition and destruction of cancer cells.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are involved in the process of cell differentiation and growth.AIM To investigate the effect of hBD-1 on the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway and autophagy in human colon cancer SW620 cells.METHODS CCK8 assay was utilized for the detection of cell proliferation and determination of the optimal drug concentration.Colony formation assay was employed to assess the effect of hBD-1 on SW620 cell proliferation.Bioinformatics was used to screen potentially biologically significant lncRNAs related to the mTOR pathway.Additionally,p-mTOR(Ser2448),Beclin1,and LC3II/I expression levels in SW620 cells were assessed through Western blot analysis.RESULTS hBD-1 inhibited the proliferative ability of SW620 cells,as evidenced by the reduction in the colony formation capacity of SW620 cells upon exposure to hBD-1.hBD-1 decreased the expression of p-mTOR(Ser2448)protein and increased the expression of Beclin1 and LC3II/I protein.Furthermore,bioinformatics analysis identified seven lncRNAs(2 upregulated and 5 downregulated)related to the mTOR pathway.The lncRNA TCONS_00014506 was ultimately selected.Following the inhibition of the lncRNA TCONS_00014506,exposure to hBD-1 inhibited p-mTOR(Ser2448)and promoted Beclin1 and LC3II/I protein expression.CONCLUSION hBD-1 inhibits the mTOR pathway and promotes autophagy by upregulating the expression of the lncRNA TCONS_00014506 in SW620 cells.
基金supported by the Medical Special Cultivation Project of Anhui University of Science and Technology(Grant No.YZ2023H2B013)the Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2022i01020015)the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Conveyance Equipment(East China Jiaotong University),Ministry of Education(KLCE2022-01).
文摘The human pose paradigm is estimated using a transformer-based multi-branch multidimensional directed the three-dimensional(3D)method that takes into account self-occlusion,badly posedness,and a lack of depth data in the per-frame 3D posture estimation from two-dimensional(2D)mapping to 3D mapping.Firstly,by examining the relationship between the movements of different bones in the human body,four virtual skeletons are proposed to enhance the cyclic constraints of limb joints.Then,multiple parameters describing the skeleton are fused and projected into a high-dimensional space.Utilizing a multi-branch network,motion features between bones and overall motion features are extracted to mitigate the drift error in the estimation results.Furthermore,the estimated relative depth is projected into 3D space,and the error is calculated against real 3D data,forming a loss function along with the relative depth error.This article adopts the average joint pixel error as the primary performance metric.Compared to the benchmark approach,the estimation findings indicate an increase in average precision of 1.8 mm within the Human3.6M sample.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62202346)Hubei Key Research and Development Program (2021BAA042)+3 种基金Open project of Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province for Clothing Information (2022HBCI01)Wuhan Applied Basic Frontier Research Project (2022013988065212)MIIT′s AI Industry Innovation Task Unveils Flagship Projects (Key Technologies,Equipment,and Systems for Flexible Customized and Intelligent Manufacturing in the Clothing Industry)Hubei Science and Technology Project of Safe Production Special Fund (Scene Control Platform Based on Proprioception Information Computing of Artificial Intelligence)。
文摘Background Intelligent garments,a burgeoning class of wearable devices,have extensive applications in domains such as sports training and medical rehabilitation.Nonetheless,existing research in the smart wearables domain predominantly emphasizes sensor functionality and quantity,often skipping crucial aspects related to user experience and interaction.Methods To address this gap,this study introduces a novel real-time 3D interactive system based on intelligent garments.The system utilizes lightweight sensor modules to collect human motion data and introduces a dual-stream fusion network based on pulsed neural units to classify and recognize human movements,thereby achieving real-time interaction between users and sensors.Additionally,the system incorporates 3D human visualization functionality,which visualizes sensor data and recognizes human actions as 3D models in real time,providing accurate and comprehensive visual feedback to help users better understand and analyze the details and features of human motion.This system has significant potential for applications in motion detection,medical monitoring,virtual reality,and other fields.The accurate classification of human actions contributes to the development of personalized training plans and injury prevention strategies.Conclusions This study has substantial implications in the domains of intelligent garments,human motion monitoring,and digital twin visualization.The advancement of this system is expected to propel the progress of wearable technology and foster a deeper comprehension of human motion.
基金supported by the Program of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Ph.D.in Jiangsu Province(JSSCBS20211175)the School Ph.D.Talent Funding(Z301B2055)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(21KJB520002).
文摘3D human pose estimation is a major focus area in the field of computer vision,which plays an important role in practical applications.This article summarizes the framework and research progress related to the estimation of monocular RGB images and videos.An overall perspective ofmethods integrated with deep learning is introduced.Novel image-based and video-based inputs are proposed as the analysis framework.From this viewpoint,common problems are discussed.The diversity of human postures usually leads to problems such as occlusion and ambiguity,and the lack of training datasets often results in poor generalization ability of the model.Regression methods are crucial for solving such problems.Considering image-based input,the multi-view method is commonly used to solve occlusion problems.Here,the multi-view method is analyzed comprehensively.By referring to video-based input,the human prior knowledge of restricted motion is used to predict human postures.In addition,structural constraints are widely used as prior knowledge.Furthermore,weakly supervised learningmethods are studied and discussed for these two types of inputs to improve the model generalization ability.The problem of insufficient training datasets must also be considered,especially because 3D datasets are usually biased and limited.Finally,emerging and popular datasets and evaluation indicators are discussed.The characteristics of the datasets and the relationships of the indicators are explained and highlighted.Thus,this article can be useful and instructive for researchers who are lacking in experience and find this field confusing.In addition,by providing an overview of 3D human pose estimation,this article sorts and refines recent studies on 3D human pose estimation.It describes kernel problems and common useful methods,and discusses the scope for further research.
基金supported by the Key Project of NSFC(Grant No.U1908214)Special Project of Central Government Guiding Local Science and Technology Development(Grant No.2021JH6/10500140)+5 种基金the Program for Innovative Research Team in University of Liaoning Province(LT2020015)the Support Plan for Key Field Innovation Team of Dalian(2021RT06)the Support Plan for Leading Innovation Team of Dalian University(XLJ202010)the Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Dalian(Grant No.2020JJ25CY001)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61906032the FundamentalResearch Funds for the Central Universities under Grant DUT21TD107.
文摘With the advancement of image sensing technology, estimating 3Dhuman pose frommonocular video has becomea hot research topic in computer vision. 3D human pose estimation is an essential prerequisite for subsequentaction analysis and understanding. It empowers a wide spectrum of potential applications in various areas, suchas intelligent transportation, human-computer interaction, and medical rehabilitation. Currently, some methodsfor 3D human pose estimation in monocular video employ temporal convolutional network (TCN) to extractinter-frame feature relationships, but the majority of them suffer from insufficient inter-frame feature relationshipextractions. In this paper, we decompose the 3D joint location regression into the bone direction and length, wepropose the TCG, a temporal convolutional network incorporating Gaussian error linear units (GELU), to solvebone direction. It enablesmore inter-frame features to be captured andmakes the utmost of the feature relationshipsbetween data. Furthermore, we adopt kinematic structural information to solve bone length enhancing the use ofintra-frame joint features. Finally, we design a loss function for joint training of the bone direction estimationnetwork with the bone length estimation network. The proposed method has extensively experimented on thepublic benchmark dataset Human3.6M. Both quantitative and qualitative experimental results showed that theproposed method can achieve more accurate 3D human pose estimations.
基金Funding for this study from Sai Gon University(Grant No.CSA2021–08).
文摘3-dimension(3-D)printing technology is growing strongly with many applications,one of which is the garment industry.The application of human body models to the garment industry is necessary to respond to the increasing personalization demand and still guarantee aesthetics.This paper proposes amethod to construct 3-D human models by applying deep learning.We calculate the location of the main slices of the human body,including the neck,chest,belly,buttocks,and the rings of the extremities,using pre-existing information.Then,on the positioning frame,we find the key points(fixed and unaltered)of these key slices and update these points tomatch the current parameters.To add points to a star slice,we use a deep learning model tomimic the form of the human body at that slice position.We use interpolation to produce sub-slices of different body sections based on the main slices to create complete body parts morphologically.We combine all slices to construct a full 3-D representation of the human body.
文摘Purpose: Patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) requires manual operation of different workstations, which is time-consuming and error-prone. Therefore, developing automated solutions to improve efficiency and accuracy is a priority. The purpose of this study was to develop a general software interface with scripting on a human interactive device (HID) for improving the efficiency and accuracy of manual quality assurance (QA) procedures. Methods: As an initial application, we aimed to automate our PSQA workflow that involves Varian Eclipse treatment planning system, Elekta MOSAIQ oncology information system and PTW Verisoft application. A general platform, the AutoFrame interface with two imbedded subsystems—the AutoFlow and the PyFlow, was developed with a scripting language for automating human operations of aforementioned systems. The interface included three functional modules: GUI module, UDF script interpreter and TCP/IP communication module. All workstations in the PSQA process were connected, and most manual operations were automated by AutoFrame sequentially or in parallel. Results: More than 20 PSQA tasks were performed both manually and using the developed AutoFrame interface. On average, 175 (±12) manual operations of the PSQA procedure were eliminated and performed by the automated process. The time to complete a PSQA task was 8.23 (±0.78) minutes for the automated workflow, in comparison to 13.91 (±3.01) minutes needed for manual operations. Conclusion: We have developed the AutoFrame interface framework that successfully automated our PSQA procedure, and significantly reduced the time, human (control/clicking/typing) errors, and operators’ stress. Future work will focus on improving the system’s flexibility and stability and extending its operations to other QA procedures.
文摘AIM: To examine human β-defensin-3 (hBD-3) expression in inflamed gastric mucosal tissues or MKN45 gastric cancer cells with or without H pylori infection for better understanding the innate immune response to H pylori. METHODS: We used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions and immunohistochemistry to examine hBD-3 expression in inflamed gastric mucosal tissues or MKN45 gastric cancer cells with or without H pylori. Effects of hBD-3 against H pylori were also evaluated. RESULTS: The mean mRNA expression of hBD-3 in H pylori -positive specimens was significantly higher than that in H pylori-negative specimens (P = 0.0002, Mann-Whitney). In addition, unlike uninfected samples, 8 of 15 (53.33%) infected mucosal samples expressed hBD-3 protein. H pylori dose-dependently induced mRNA expression of hBD-3 in MKN45 cells, an effect inhibited by adding anti-toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 antibody. HBD-3 protein completely inhibited H pylori growth. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that like hBD-2, hBD-3 may be involved in the pathophysiology of H pylori-induced gastritis.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2020J01652)the Training Project for Young and Middleaged Core Talents in Health System of Fujian Province(No.2016-ZQN-62).
文摘AIM:To determine whether the microRNA-27b-3p(miR-27b-3p)/NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)pathway plays a role in human retinal pigment epithelial(hRPE)cell response to high glucose,how miR-27b-3p and Nrf2 expression are regulated,and whether this pathway could be specifically targeted.METHODS:hRPE cells were cultured in normal glucose or high glucose for 1,3,or 6d before measuring cellular proliferation rates using cell counting kit-8 and reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels using a dihydroethidium kit.miR-27b-3p,Nrf2,NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1)and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)mRNA and protein levels were analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)and immunocytofluorescence(ICF),respectively.Western blot analyses were performed to determine nuclear and total Nrf2 protein levels.Nrf2,NQO1,and HO-1 expression levels by RT-qPCR,ICF,or Western blot were further tested after miR-27b-3p overexpression or inhibitor lentiviral transfection.Finally,the expression level of those target genes was analyzed after treating hRPE cells with pyridoxamine.RESULTS:Persistent exposure to high glucose gradually suppressed hRPE Nrf2,NQO1,and HO-1 mRNA and protein levels and increased miR-27b-3p mRNA levels.High glucose also promoted ROS release and inhibited cellular proliferation.Nrf2,NQO1,and HO-1 mRNA levels decreased after miR-27b-3p overexpression and,conversely,both mRNA and protein levels increased after expressing a miR-27b-3p inhibitor.After treating hRPE cells exposed to high glucose with pyridoxamine,ROS levels tended to decreased,proliferation rate increased,Nrf2,NQO1,and HO-1 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated,and miR-27b-3p mRNA levels were suppressed.CONCLUSION:Nrf2 is a downstream target of miR-27b-3p.Furthermore,the miR-27b-3p inhibitor pyridoxamine can alleviate high glucose injury by regulating the miR-27b-3p/Nrf2 axis.
基金This work was supported by grants fromthe Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,under Grant No.F2021202021the S&T Program of Hebei,under Grant No.22375001Dthe National Key R&D Program of China,under Grant No.2019YFB1312500.
文摘Human pose estimation is a basic and critical task in the field of computer vision that involves determining the position(or spatial coordinates)of the joints of the human body in a given image or video.It is widely used in motion analysis,medical evaluation,and behavior monitoring.In this paper,the authors propose a method for multi-view human pose estimation.Two image sensors were placed orthogonally with respect to each other to capture the pose of the subject as they moved,and this yielded accurate and comprehensive results of three-dimensional(3D)motion reconstruction that helped capture their multi-directional poses.Following this,we propose a method based on 3D pose estimation to assess the similarity of the features of motion of patients with motor dysfunction by comparing differences between their range of motion and that of normal subjects.We converted these differences into Fugl–Meyer assessment(FMA)scores in order to quantify them.Finally,we implemented the proposed method in the Unity framework,and built a Virtual Reality platform that provides users with human–computer interaction to make the task more enjoyable for them and ensure their active participation in the assessment process.The goal is to provide a suitable means of assessing movement disorders without requiring the immediate supervision of a physician.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82001604Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Science and Technology Innovation Team,No.[2023]072+1 种基金Guizhou Province Distinguished Young Scientific and Technological Talent Program,No.YQK[2023]040Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program(Natural Science),No.ZK[2021]-368(all to LXiong),and Zunyi City Innovative Talent Team Training Plan,No.[2022]-2.
文摘Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is often associated with permanent cerebral palsy,neurosensory impairments,and cognitive deficits,and there is no effective treatment for complications related to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.The therapeutic potential of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for various diseases has been explored.However,the potential use of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy has not yet been investigated.In this study,we injected human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle of a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy rat model and observed significant improvements in both cognitive and motor function.Protein chip analysis showed that interleukin-3 expression was significantly elevated in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy model rats.Following transplantation of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells,interleukin-3 expression was downregulated.To further investigate the role of interleukin-3 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,we established an in vitro SH-SY5Y cell model of hypoxic-ischemic injury through oxygen-glucose deprivation and silenced interleukin-3 expression using small interfering RNA.We found that the activity and proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation were further suppressed by interleukin-3 knockdown.Furthermore,interleukin-3 knockout exacerbated neuronal damage and cognitive and motor function impairment in rat models of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.The findings suggest that transplantation of hpcMSCs ameliorated behavioral impairments in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,and this effect was mediated by interleukin-3-dependent neurological function.
文摘Objective:To explore the mechanism of circRNA-vgll3 in osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Methods:BMSCs cells were transfected with circRNA-vgll3,and divided into circRNA-vgll3 high-level group,circRNA-vgll3 low-level group,and negative control group(circRNA-vgll3 not transfected)according to the amount of transfection.The proliferation and apoptosis of BMSCs osteoblasts in each group were analyzed,and the alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,type I collagen gray value,bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2),Runx2 protein,and mRNA expression levels were detected.Results:The circRNA-vgll3 low-level group had a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of BMSCs osteoblasts,and the apoptosis rate of the circRNA-vgll3 low-level group was significantly higher than that of the circRNA-vgll3 high-level group(P<0.05);ALP activity,type I collagen gray value,BMP-2,Runx2 protein,and mRNA expression levels in the high-level circRNA-vgll3 group were significantly higher than those in the low-level circRNA-vgll3 group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Overexpression of circRNA-vgll3 can promote the osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs,while low expression of circRNA-vgll3 can inhibit the osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs.The main mechanism of action is that circRNA-vgll3 can affect osteogenic differentiation by regulating the Runx2 protein.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of MMP-9 inhibitor(Mki67)on the biology of human oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC15 cell line and to explore its mechanism of action through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Methods:SCC15 cells were extracted,and the supernatant was discarded.The cells were then rinsed twice with PBS,and 0,2.5,5,and 10μL of Mki67(50 mg/mL)were added to the culture respectively.The inhibition rate of cell proliferation was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)method,and the cell migration was measured by Transwell chamber test.The cell apoptosis rate was detected by cytometry,and the p-Akt protein content in the cells of each group was determined by a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kit.Results:The cell proliferation rates of the 2.5μL,5μL,and 10μL dose groups were all lower than the 0μL group(P<0.05)before treatment,and the cell proliferation rates in the 2.5μL,5μL,and 10μL dose groups decreased overtime(P<0.05).After 24 h,with the increase of Mki67 concentration,the number of migration and invasion gradually decreased(P<0.05),and the number of apoptosis gradually increased(P<0.05);besides,the relative expression of MMP-9,PI3K,and Akt mRNA decreased gradually(P<0.05),and the expression level of Akt mRNA was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:MMP-9 inhibitor(Mki67)can inhibit the proliferation and migration of SCC15 cell line and induce apoptosis,and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82360802):the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Province,China(2022AAC 03152).
文摘[Objectives]To study the effect and mechanism of baicalin on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in human fibroblast like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis(HFLS-RA).[Methods]To confirm that baicalin alleviated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in HFLS-RA,the expression of NLRP3 before and after baicalin treatment was observed by immunofluorescence.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of p-PI3K,p-Akt,NF-κB p65,NLRP3,ASC and caspase-1 after baicalin treatment for 48 h,and the contents of IL-1 and IL-18 in the supernatents were detected by ELISA.In order to explore the mechanism of baicalin alleviating the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome,the corresponding relationship between let-7i-3p and PIK3CA was verified by double luciferin and Westen blot analysis.The expression of let-7i-3p and PI3K before and after baicalin intervention was detected by RT-qPCR.let-7i-3p interference was used to verify whether baicalin mitigated the activation of enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome.[Results]Baicalin(50 and 100 mg/L)significantly reduced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome,inhibited the protein expressions of p-PI3K,p-Akt,NF-κB p65,NLRP3,ASC and caspase-1,and the secretion of IL-1 and IL-18.let-7i-3p and PIK3CA had a targeted correspondence,and baicalin up-regulated the expression of let-7i-3p and down-regulated the expression of PIK3CA.Baicalin attenuated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome enhanced by let-7i-3p interference.[Conclusions]Baicalin can up-regulate let-7i-3p expression,inhibit PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signal transduction,and thus reduce the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in HFLS-RA.
文摘目的探讨人参皂苷Rg_(3)对过氧化氢诱导的人晶状体上皮细胞氧化损伤的改善作用及对核转录因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor E2 related factor 2,Nrf2)/血红素加氧酶-1(heme oxygenase 1,HO-1)信号通路的调节作用。方法用不同浓度人参皂苷Rg_(3)处理过氧化氢诱导的SRA01/04细胞,用噻唑盐(methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium,MTT)法检测细胞存活率。将第3代对数生长期SRA01/04细胞随机分为正常组、氧化损伤组(用200μmol∙mL^(−1)过氧化氢处理)、人参皂苷Rg_(3)低剂量组和人参皂苷Rg_(3)高剂量组(分别用40、80μg∙mL^(−1)人参皂苷Rg_(3)处理6 h,更换培养基后用200μmol∙mL^(−1)过氧化氢处理12 h),用MTT法检测细胞存活率,用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,用试剂盒检测丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxidedismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathioneperoxidase,GSH-Px)的含量,用蛋白印迹法检测Nrf2、Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(Kelch like epichlorohydrin related protein 1,Keap1)和HO-1蛋白的相对表达量。结果与0μg∙mL^(−1)人参皂苷Rg_(3)组比较,10、20、40、80μg∙mL^(−1)人参皂苷Rg_(3)组的细胞存活率逐渐升高(P<0.05)。与正常组比较,氧化损伤组的细胞存活率、SOD和GSHPx含量以及Nrf2、Keap1和HO-1蛋白相对表达量降低,细胞凋亡率和MDA含量升高(P<0.05);与氧化损伤组比较,人参皂苷Rg_(3)低剂量和人参皂苷Rg_(3)高剂量组的细胞存活率、SOD和GSH-Px含量以及Nrf2、Keap1和HO-1蛋白的相对表达量升高,细胞凋亡率和MDA含量降低(P<0.05);人参皂苷Rg_(3)低剂量和人参皂苷Rg_(3)高剂量组各项指标水平变化规律相同,人参皂苷Rg_(3)高剂量组更显著(P<0.05)。结论人参皂苷Rg_(3)可抑制过氧化氢诱导的人晶状体上皮细胞凋亡,减轻氧化应激损伤,其可能是通过激活Nrf2/HO-1信号通路发挥调节作用的。