Model-Based Systems Engineering Approach to Design a Human Settlement to Better Serve Displaced People

The challenge of transitioning from temporary humanitarian settlements to more sustainable human settlements is due to a significant increase in the number of forcibly displaced people over recent decades, difficulties in providing social services that meet the required standards, and the prolongation of emergencies. Despite this challenging context, short-term considerations continue to guide their planning and management rather than more integrated, longer-term perspectives, thus preventing viable, sustainable development. Over the years, the design of humanitarian settlements has not been adapted to local contexts and perspectives, nor to the dynamics of urbanization and population growth and data. In addition, the current approach to temporary settlement harms the environment and can strain limited resources. Inefficient land use and ad hoc development models have compounded difficulties and generated new challenges. As a result, living conditions in settlements have deteriorated over the last few decades and continue to pose new challenges. The stakes are such that major shortcomings have emerged along the way, leading to disruption, budget overruns in a context marked by a steady decline in funding. However, some attempts have been made to shift towards more sustainable approaches, but these have mainly focused on vague, sector-oriented themes, failing to consider systematic and integration views. This study is a contribution in addressing these shortcomings by designing a model-driving solution, emphasizing an integrated system conceptualized as a system of systems. This paper proposes a new methodology for designing an integrated and sustainable human settlement model, based on Model-Based Systems Engineering and a Systems Modeling Language to provide valuable insights toward sustainable solutions for displaced populations aligning with the United Nations 2030 agenda for sustainable development.

An Evaluation of the Core Controversies in Contemporary Western Human Rights Theory——A Study Based on the Examination of the Criterion of Fidelity to Practice

The development of theories on human rights with Chinese characteristics and China’s engagement in global human rights governance cannot be separated from attention to contemporary Western human rights theory.The debate between naturalistic and political conceptions of human rights has a long history,but discussions on the basic criteria for evaluating human rights theories have been insufficient.This article,focusing on the criterion of fidelity to practice,attempts to identify the development trajectory and direction of human rights theory.The universal claims of naturalistic human rights perspectives and the human rights catalog they propose have been criticized for deviating from practice.On the other hand,political conceptions of human rights,while emphasizing domestic human rights practices,have been criticized for their occasional nature and perceived loss of criticality.The broad-way practice theory seeks a third way that goes beyond the divide between these two perspectives.On the one hand,the theory itself faces limitations and the need for reshaping,while on the other hand,the traditional singular practice theory is also undergoing self-renewal.It can be said that the“internal critique”of contemporary Western human rights theory is already underway and will continue.

Role based access control design using Triadic concept analysis

Role based access control is one of the widely used access control models.There are investigations in the literature that use knowledge representation mechanisms such as formal concept analysis(FCA),description logics,and Ontology for representing access control mechanism.However,while using FCA,investigations reported in the literature so far work on the logic that transforms the three dimensional access control matrix into dyadic formal contexts.This transformation is mainly to derive the formal concepts,lattice structure and implications to represent role hierarchy and constraints of RBAC.In this work,we propose a methodology that models RBAC using triadic FCA without transforming the triadic access control matrix into dyadic formal contexts.Our discussion is on two lines of inquiry.We present how triadic FCA can provide a suitable representation of RBAC policy and we demonstrate how this representation follows role hierarchy and constraints of RBAC on sample healthcare network available in the literature.

Human Rights in Civil Judicial Documents:Conception and Function

Traditional human rights theory tends to hold that human rights should be aimed at defending public authority and that the legal issue of human rights is a matter of public law.However,the development of human rights concepts and practices is not just confined to this.A textual search shows that the term“human rights”exists widely in China’s civil judicial documents.Among the 3,412 civil judicial documents we researched,the concept of“human rights”penetrates all kinds of disputes in lawsuits,ranging from property rights,contracts,labor,and torts to marital property,which is embedded in both the claims of the parties concerned and the reasoning of judges.Human rights have become the discourse and yardstick for understanding and evaluating social behavior.The widespread use of the term“human rights”in civil judicial documents reflects at least three concepts related to human rights:first,the rights to subsistence and development are the primary basic human rights;second,the judicial protection of human rights is a bottom-line guarantee;third,the protection of human rights aims to achieve equal rights.Today,judges quote the theory of human rights in judicial judgments from time to time,evidencing that human rights have a practical function in judicial adjudication activities,and in practice this is mainly manifested in declaring righteous values and strengthening arguments with the values and ideas related to human rights,using the provisions concerning human rights in the Constitution to interpret the constitutionality,and using the principles of human rights to interpret blurred rules and rank the importance of different rights.

The International Communication of Chinese Concept of Human Rights in the New Era

The Chinese concept of human rights serves as the core value of China’s path of human rights development,guiding the comprehensive advancement of China’s human rights cause and providing Chinese wisdom for the development of human rights cause worldwide.Throughout the development process of China’s human rights cause in the new era,the international communication of the Chinese concept of human rights has achieved positive results and played an essential role in the international human rights discourse struggle,external exchanges on human rights,and the transformation of international human rights mechanisms.However,it also faces challenges such as the dominance of Western human rights concepts,the marginalization of the Chinese concept of human rights,the incomplete establishment of China’s external discourse system on human rights,and constraints on international communication channels.Therefore,in the new era,it is crucial to address the weaknesses in the international communication of the Chinese concept of human rights,optimize communication channels,and enhance its international influence.

The Protection of Human Rights in the Construction of Barrier-free Environment--Viewed from the perspective of the Marxist Human Rights Concept

The construction of a barrier-free environment contains a rich connotation of human rights protection,and is closely related to the study of human rights protection in China.With the evolution of the concept of barrier-free design and the expansion of its beneficiary groups,constructing a barrier-free environment has become a basic task that benefits all members of society and meets the public needs of all the people,with its core goal expanding from the protection of the rights of the disabled to the protection of the basic rights and interests of all members of society.Building a barrier-free environment from the perspective of the Marxist human rights concept is conducive to safeguarding the people’s right to subsistence and development,and at the same time,it satisfies their demand for the right to pursue a high-quality and better life and reflects the common vision of everyone in society fully enjoying human rights.promoting the construction of a barrier-free environment in terms of legal protection based on China’s institutional advantages can improve and innovate the country’s legislation on the construction of a barrier-free environment,so as to play an exemplary and guiding role in enhancing the international barrier-free level and enable all people to enjoy the good life created through the drive to build a barrier-free environment.

Performance-based concept on seismic evaluation of existing bridges

Conventional seismic evaluation of existing bridges explores the ability of a bridge to survive under significant earthquake excitations. This approach has several major drawbacks, such as only a single structural performance of near collapse is considered, and the simplified approach of adopting strength-based concept to indirectly estimate the nonlinear behavior of a structure lacks accuracy. As a result, performance-based concepts that include a wider variety of structural performance states of a given bridge excited by different levels of earthquake intensity is needed by the engineering community. This paper introduces an improved process for the seismic evaluation of existing bridges. The relationship between the overall structural performance and earthquakes with varying levels of peak ground acceleration （PGA） can successfully be linked. A universal perspective on the seismic evaluation of bridges over their entire life-cycle can be easily obtained to investigate multiple performance objectives. The accuracy of the proposed method, based on pushover analysis, is proven in a case study that compares the results from the proposed procedure with additional nonlinear time history analyses.

From the Subjectivity of Human Rights to the Universality of Human Rights——A Preliminary Interpretation of the Theory on the Subjectivity of Human Rights

Universality is one of the essential characteristics of human rights, but there is a substantive difference between idealism and realism in understanding the concept of universality of human rights. The concepts of radical universality and strong universality based on the concept of natural human rights are too idealistic and thus have a high risk of being alienated into a tool of international re-pression in practice. On the contrary, the theory on the subjectivity of human rights can effectively defuse this risk brought about by radical universality and strong universality. Advocating a transition from the universality of human rights to the subjectivity of human rights not only keeps in line with the actual construction process of international human rights, but can also effectively interpret the practical difficul-ties in the realization process of international human rights. Therefore, it can be used as another alternative theory on human rights beyond the theory of natural human rights.

Finite Element Method Computations of the Acoustics of the Human Head Based on the Projection Based Interpolation Data

In this paper we present the Projection Based Interpolation (PBI) technique for construction of continuous approximation of MRI scan data of the human head. We utilize the result of the PBI algorithm to perform three dimensional (3D) Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations of the acoustics of the human head. The computational problem is a multi-physics problem modeled as acoustics coupled with linear elasticity. The computational grid contains tetrahedral finite elements with the number of equations and polynomial orders of approximation varying locally on finite element edges, faces, and interiors. We utilize our own out-of-core parallel direct solver for the solution of this multi-physics problem. The solver minimizes the memory usage by dumping out all local systems from all nodes of the entire elimination tree during the elimination phase.

An In-depth Interpretation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights With the Common Values of Humanity As the Research Paradigm

Interpreting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights from political,juridical and philosophical perspectives is es-sential for promoting the guiding principles of the Declaration,build-ing consensus on human rights,and advancing human rights practice in the new historical context.To conduct an academic,systematic in-terpretation of the Declaration that conforms to the trends of the times and answers the fundamental questions of the world,it is necessary to find a new research paradigm.The common values of humanity,namely peace,development,equity,justice,democracy and freedom,put forward by Xi Jinping,general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,provide the most explanatory and penetrating scientific paradigm for reaching the issue.This paper an-alyzes and reflects on the views,value foundation and principled(con-tractual)consensus of human rights in the Declaration,and narrates and foresees the far-reaching significance of the three global initia-tives(namely,the Global Development Initiative,the Global Security Initiative,and the Global Civilization Initiative)with the common val-ues of humanity as the soul in advancing the modernization of global human rights governance and building a new form of human rights civilization.

Emotion Judgment System by EEG Based on Concept Base of EEG Features

This paper proposes an emotion judgment system by using an electroencephalogram(EEG)feature concept base with premise of noises included.This method references the word concept association system,which associates one word with other plural words and decides the relationship between several words.In this proposed emotion judgment system,the source EEG is input and 42 EEG features are constructed by EEG data;the data are then calculated by spectrum analysis and normalization.All 2945 EEG data of 4 emotions in the EEG data emotion knowledge base are calculated by the degree of association for getting the nearest EEG data from the EEG feature concept base constructed by 2844 concepts.From the experiment,the accuracy of the proposed system was 55.9%,which was higher than the support vector machine(SVM)method.As this result,the chain structured feature of the EEG feature concept base and the efficiency by the calculation of degree of association for EEG data help reduce the influence of the noise.

A VISCOPLASTIC MODEL BASED ON NO-YIELD-SURFACE CONCEPT

The elasticjviscoplastic constitutive equation which describes deformation law of metal materials was suggested based on no-yield-surface concept and thermal activation theory of dislocation. The equation which takes account of effects of strain-rate, strain history, strain-rate history, hardening and temperature has stronger physical basis.Comparison of the theoretical prediction with experimental results of mechanical behaviours of Ti under conditions of uniaxial stress and room temperature shows good consistency.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell based in vitro models of the blood-brain barrier： the future standard？

There is an urgent and tremendous need for human dis- ease models in drug development in order to improve pre- clinical predictability. In the case of brain disorders drugs have to cross the blood-brain barrier （BBB） to enter the central nervous system （CNS）. It was estimated that more than 95% of the drugs cannot cross the BBB.

THE ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS BASED ON THE CONCEPT OF FINITE ELEMENT METHODS

On the basis of the concept of finite element methods, the rigorous analytical solutions of structural response in terms of the design variables are researched in this paper. The spatial trusses are taken as an example for the solution of the analytical expressions of the explicit displacements which are proved mathematically; then some conclusions are reached that are useful to structural sensitivity analysis and optimization. In the third part of the paper, a generalized geometric programming method is sugguested for the optimal model with the explicit displacement. Finally, the analytical solutions of the displacements of three trusses are given as examples.

Plasmid-based generation of neural cells from human fibroblasts using non-integrating episomal vectors

Differentiation of human fibroblasts into functional neurons depends on the introduction of viral-mediated transcription factors, which present risks of viral gene integration and tumorigenicity. In recent years, although some studies have been successful in directly inducing neurons through sustained expression of small molecule compounds, they have only been shown to be effective on mouse-derived cells. Thus, herein we delivered vectors containing Epstein-Barr virus-derived oriP/Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 encoding the neuronal transcription factor, Ascl1, the neuron-specific microRNA, miR124, and a small hairpin directed against p53, into human fibroblasts. Cells were incubated in a neuron-inducing culture medium. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect Tuj-1, microtubule-associated protein 2, neuron-specific nucleoprotein NeuN and nerve cell adhesion molecules in the induced cells. The proportion of Tuj1-positive cells was up to 36.7% after induction for 11 days. From day 21, these induced neurons showed neuron-specific expression patterns of microtubule-associated protein 2, NeuN and neural cell adhesion molecule. Our approach is a simple, plasmid-based process that enables direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts into neurons, and provides alternative avenues for disease modeling and neurodegenerative medicine.

Study on the Correlation between Human Papillomavirus and Mycoplasma genitalium Combined with TCT Detection

Objective: This study aims to explore the correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) and Mycoplasma genitalium (CT) combined with TCT detection in cervical cancer screening. Method: A cross-sectional study design was adopted, and a total of 609 women who came to seek medical treatment were recruited as the study subjects. Combination testing was evaluated on cervical cancer screening by testing the women for HPV, CT with TCT detection and analyzing the relationship of cervical lesions with HPV and CT infection. Results: The study results showed that 21.57% of the subjects were infected with both HPV and CT, and 48.42% of the cases had abnormal TCT results at the same time. Further data analysis showed that HPV infection was significantly associated with abnormal TCT outcomes (p < 0.05), suggesting a possible synergistic effect of the two infections in cervical lesions. The combined sensitivity and specificity of HPV, CT and TCT detection were 21.57% and 48.42%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of single detection. Conclusion: In summary, the results of this study support the importance of combined HPV, CT, and TCT testing in cervical cancer screening, and propose the hypothesis that combined testing may improve screening effectiveness. However, further large sample studies are needed to confirm this conclusion and explore the prospects of combined testing in clinical practice.

Construction of three-dimensional atlas of the lenticular nuclei and its subnucleus based on the cryosection images from Chinese visible human:a preliminary study

Objective To establish a 3D atlas of the lenticular nuclei and its subnucleus with the cryosection images of the male from "Atlas of Chinese Visible Human". Methods The lenticular nuclei and its subnucleus were segmented from the cryosection images and reconstructed with the software

Human Rights Connotations and Contemporary Values of Traditional Chinese People-Based Thinking

The time-honored traditional Chinese minben(people-based) thinking has rich implications for human rights. The concepts of min and minben are much in line with their contemporary counterparts of "human" and "people orientation". Upholding the belief of "people as the foundation of states", minben advocates the fundamental political status of the people, and requires leaders to implement "people-oriented" policies. Its encapsulation of the theoretical foundation and basic requirements for the protection of human rights enabled it to promote the protection of people’s livelihoods and civil rights in ancient China. Its sublimation in contemporary China has had, and will continue to have, a far-reaching impact on the development of human rights in China.

Semantic-Based Video Retrieval Survey

There is a tremendous growth of digital data due to the stunning progress of digital devices which facilitates capturing them. Digital data include image, text, and video. Video represents a rich source of information. Thus, there is an urgent need to retrieve, organize, and automate videos. Video retrieval is a vital process in multimedia applications such as video search engines, digital museums, and video-on-demand broadcasting. In this paper, the different approaches of video retrieval are outlined and briefly categorized. Moreover, the different methods that bridge the semantic gap in video retrieval are discussed in more details.