A Survey of Human-centered Intelligent Robots:Issues and Challenges

Intelligent techniques foster the dissemination of new discoveries and novel technologies that advance the ability of robots to assist and support humans. The human-centered intelligent robot has become an important research field that spans all of the robot capabilities including navigation, intelligent control, pattern recognition and human-robot interaction. This paper focuses on the recent achievements and presents a survey of existing works on human-centered robots. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive survey of the recent development of the human-centered intelligent robot and discuss the issues and challenges in the field.

Guest Editorial for Special Issue on Human-centered Intelligent Robots:Issues and Challenges

The special issue aims to address a broad spectrum of topics ranging from human-centered intelligent robots acting as a servant,secretary,or companion to intelligent robotic functions.The special issue publishes original papers of innovative ideas and concepts,new discoveries,and novel applications and business models relevant to the field of human-centered intelligent robots.In this special issue,modeling,intelligent control,

Human-centered Design for Green Landscape of Urban Streets

This paper first introduces the development process of urban street green landscape in China and the human-centered thinking of the design of urban street green landscape.On the basis of detailed elaboration of the basic theories of urban street green landscape,it analyzes the existing problems and causes for urban street green landscape.Then,from the perspective of human-centered thought,it comes up with several measures for optimizing the green landscape design of urban streets,to provide much more human-centered experience of urban street green landscape.

Research on the Coordinated Development of Rural Revitalization and Human-centered Urbanization Based on Urban-rural Integration

Although there are certain differences in the center of gravity between rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,their connotations and goals require that both must be promoted in concert.Therefore,based on a deep understanding of the connotation of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,it is necessary to clarify the goals of the two through the two-way flow of elements between urban and rural areas,the urban-rural linkage of industries,to achieve coordinated promotion of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization in China.

Human-centered design of Stubble-Mulch Rotocultivator for Boat Tractor

With the development of mechanization popularity in rural area, agricultural machinery product not only needs to meet the production goals, and also requires the simple operation and human-centered. Human-centered design is always, on the basis of the user＇ s requirement and usage, to think over the issues by regarding operator as the center, and to design the products by emphasizing the ease of use and understandability during design and manufacture. In this study, Stubble-Mulch Rotocultivator for Boat Tractor （SMRBT） is chosen as the design object. The coordination approach of the user, machine and environment is discussed by deeply investigating their relationship, which is an empirical study of the human-centered technology of agricultural machinery.

Toward Human-centered XAIin Practice:A survey

Human adoption of artificial intelligence(AI)technique is largely hampered because of the increasing complexity and opacity of AI development.Explainable AI(XAI)techniques with various methods and tools have been developed to bridge this gap between high-performance black-box AI models and human understanding.However,the current adoption of XAI technique stil lacks"human-centered"guidance for designing proper solutions to meet different stakeholders'needs in XAI practice.We first summarize a human-centered demand framework to categorize different stakeholders into five key roles with specific demands by reviewing existing research and then extract six commonly used human-centered XAI evaluation measures which are helpful for validating the effect of XAI.In addition,a taxonomy of XAI methods is developed for visual computing with analysis of method properties.Holding clearer human demands and XAI methods in mind,we take a medical image diagnosis scenario as an example to present an overview of how extant XAI approaches for visual computing fulfil stakeholders'human-centered demands in practice.And we check the availability of open-source XAI tools for stakeholders'use.This survey provides further guidance for matching diverse human demands with appropriate XAI methods or tools in specific applications with a summary of main challenges and future work toward human-centered XAI in practice.

智能技术发展中的需求嵌入与欲望脱嵌机制

智能技术本是为了满足人的生存与发展的需要。然而,作为人类智能的模拟与延伸,智能技术有它自己内嵌的“自然需要”与“历史需要”。与人的“需要”不同,智能技术的核心“需要”可以简单归纳为“数据、算法与算力”。其中,数据是智能技术的“自然需要”,算法与算力在智能技术发展的过程中更体现为“历史需要”。智能技术的“需要”依赖于人的“身体”作为其载体。这使得智能技术发展中的“数据需求”“算法需求”“算力需求”会依托于身体被异化为以消费为导向的种种娱乐化的“欲望”。当下,智能技术的欲望以更加规模化、数据化、全方位化、全时段化地被伪装成“普遍需要”。为此,良好的人机关系需进一步建立“以人为本”的欲望脱嵌机制。

人本主义学习观视域下高校学科竞赛育人机制建构与实践

以促进高校人才培养提质增效为核心,以立德树人为目标,坚持以学生为中心的育人理念,在人本主义学习观的指导下遵循产出导向、赛教融合的总体思路,本文对学科竞赛育人机制进行了一系列探索与实践。从高校学科竞赛的政策制定、理念树立、方法创新等方面,探索并构建科学有效的高校学科竞赛育人机制。通过学科竞赛育人机制建构与实践,学生在自主学习能力、课堂参与激情、创新兴趣等方面得到了明显提高,学生的知识学习、态度养成、技能培养和实践创新等综合素养得到了显著增强。

何以实现以人为本的高校科研卓越发展?——人文主义评价理念视角下英国“科研卓越框架”的改革及启示

基于人文主义评价理念的视角研究发现,英国旧版“科研卓越框架2021”在参评规则、评价标准、评审材料这三个评价制度要素的设计上面临着阻碍高校科研人员成长发展的困境。对此,英国2023年6月颁布的新版“科研卓越框架2029”力图重构评价标准和参评规则,创新多主体“远距离”评价模式,并且改善评价信息的收集与分析方式。新版“科研卓越框架2029”希望强化“卓越科研”评价的人文主义基调,推动“卓越科研”评价标准的共同建构,以及实现评价效益和可靠性的共同提升,进而推动以人为本的高校科研卓越发展。然而,如何在“以人为本”和“科研卓越发展”间寻求平衡,将是英国这一轮高校科研评价面临的主要挑战。

A systematic literature review of human-centered design approach in single pilot operations

Single Pilot Operations(SPO),as a NextGen concept of operation,can save both crew costs and human resources for airlines,and has attracted the attention of aviation researchers.To explore in advance the problems that the introduction of SPO into the aviation system would bring,the Human-Centered Design(HCD)approach has been widely used in the development of SPO.A systematic review of the progress of HCD approach in SPO research can promote further development of SPO.In this paper,the literature resources of SPO were firstly retrieved from scientific research databases by subject search and were used as the input of scientometric analysis to obtain the highly cited literature,the number of annual publications,and the co-authorship network,which enables readers to understand the research trends and research groups of current SPO.Secondly,the development,application,and research process of the HCD approach were introduced in detail,and the progress of the HCD approach in SPO research was reviewed systematically from three aspects:concept design,function allocation,and system evaluation.Finally,limitations of current SPO research and future research directions for applying the HCD approach to SPO were also discussed.

Designing interactive glazing through an engineering psychology approach:Six augmented reality scenarios that envision future car human-machine interface

Background With an increasing number of vehicles becoming autonomous,intelligent,and connected,paying attention to the future usage of car human-machine interface with these vehicles should become more relevant.Several studies have addressed car HMI but were less attentive to designing and implementing interactive glazing for every day(autonomous)driving contexts.Methods Reflecting on the literature,we describe an engineering psychology practice and the design of six novel future user scenarios,which envision the application of a specific set of augmented reality(AR)support user interactions.Additionally,we conduct evaluations on specific scenarios and experiential prototypes,which reveal that these AR scenarios aid the target user groups in experiencing a new type of interaction.The overall evaluation is positive with valuable assessment results and suggestions.Conclusions This study can interest applied psychology educators who aspire to teach how AR can be operationalized in a human-centered design process to students with minimal pre-existing expertise or minimal scientific knowledge in engineering psychology.

Humanizing the Culture of Technology Teams: Strategies for Creating Healthier and More Productive Work Environments

With the advancement of technology, companies are increasingly dependent on technology teams to stay competitive. However, members of these teams often work in stressful and unhealthy environments, which can undermine their productivity and well-being. The humanization of the culture of technology teams is an approach that aims to create healthier and more productive work environments for team members, promoting balance between personal and professional life. Despite the importance of a healthy and productive work environment, many companies do not invest in strategies to humanize the culture of their technology teams. This can lead to high levels of stress, staff turnover and low productivity. The objective of this project is to identify effective strategies to humanize the culture of technology teams and create healthier and more productive work environments in digital companies. For this, factors such as management styles, psychological safety, human-centered development, individual beliefs and time and energy management will be analyzed. The project’s methodology will include a literature review on the subject and qualitative data analysis will be performed using a content analysis approach. This project will contribute to the advancement of knowledge about the humanization of the culture of technology teams in digital companies. The results can be applied to companies that want to create healthier and more productive work environments for their team members.

译者行为研究的人本性

译者行为研究具有人本性研究属性和相应的研究特征,它要求以动态的研究视域对以译者为核心的翻译活动进行全面、客观和科学的解释。为此,本文讨论了译者行为研究的新发展、译者行为研究的人本性及其动态研究特征、译者行为研究对于翻译现象的解释力以及人本性译者行为研究案例分析。希望本文对相关研究有所启发。

坚持以人为本的学生工作理念

高校学生工作应突出以人为本的教育理念,不断促进学生全面和谐的发展。为此,应坚持思想政治工作首位的原则、学生主体性原则与学生工作的发展性原则,实施全员育人和教育服务管理一体化的模式。

动物解放论与以往动物保护主义之比较

动物保护伦理是环境伦理学中非人类中心主义流派里的一个重要分支。彼得.辛格的动物解放论是关于动物伦理的现代讨论中最有影响的理论之一。与以往以人类为中心的动物保护主义不同,动物解放主义的基本原则在于功利主义伦理学的平等原则和功利原则,它主张从“动物的解放是人类解放事业的继续”出发,把道德关怀的对象直接扩展到动物身上,从而让动物拥有道德地位,以此从外部、强制性地限制人对动物的伤害行为。

论教育的两个“为本”

教育的两个＂为本＂就是教育＂以人为本＂和教育＂以文化为本＂。＂人＂对＂教育＂来说是＂根本＂,＂教育＂对＂人＂来说是＂末＂ ＂文化＂对＂教育＂来说是＂根本＂,＂教育＂对＂文化＂来说是＂末＂。人和文化对教育来说是目的,而教育对人和文化来说都是应为之服务的手段而已。以人为本的教育理论应当包括以人为中心,突出人的发展 关注人的自由、幸福、尊严、终极价值 体现人文关怀和道德情感,人文关怀和道德情感是一种博大的精神力量和感召力量,它推动人们去感受生命过程。文化之所以是教育的本与根,之所以也是教育应为之服务的根本原因,就在于人类和文化之间存在着一种特殊的关系决定的,这种关系简单地说,没有人,固然没有文化,然而反过来,没有文化也就没有人。

马克思的人本思想概念之探析

马克思的人本思想内容丰富,从本体论来说,实践基础上的人及其活动是本体;从历史观来说,从事着实践活动的人在创造着人类历史;从价值论来说,把人作为目的和终极目标。马克思的人本思想与费尔巴哈人本主义、现代西方人本主义思潮和中国传统民本思想有根本的区别,弄清马克思的人本思想具有重要的当代价值。

“以人为本”理念在班级管理中的运用

高职院校的班级管理工作要以科学发展观为指导,树立"以人为本"的班级管理理念,把学生的可持续发展作为班级管理的出发点和着眼点,管理中要充分相信学生、依靠学生,运用管理策略,注重学生职业素质培养,为学生提供优良的教育服务,为社会培养高素质的技术应用型人才。

民主论与大学人文课程教学——以莎士比亚教学中的“学生中心说”为例

如同其他课程,在中国开设的莎士比亚课程,也受到"教师中心"教学的贻害。然而,近年的"学生中心论"又将问题推向另一面。在民主化课堂的议程中,由学生决定教学内容和方式,致使莎士比亚的精髓不能准确传达,学生无法形成对莎士比亚的全面认识。对此,学校和教师作为办学、教学的主体,应明确自己的职责,理清和正确把握教学主、客体之间的关系,建立科学的课程观和教学观,采取具体而富有实效的措施,以实现通过人文课程培养学生人文精神的教育目标。

抽象的人与人的抽象：马克思人性观与时俱进的创新--兼对以人为本理念虚化现象批判

人之具体与抽象的严重分离化是当前社会矛盾产生的重要人学根源。人被抽象化,即一些掌握公共资源的领导者们将人民或人变成抽象化的符号,使人民利益和科学发展观被虚化以及人被片面化。人被抽象化与时代主题转换、市场经济和资本主义意识形态强势等因素有关。人是最复杂的存在,必须对人性进行必要的抽象,以便归纳出最基本的和本质的属性,进而培植和守护这些人之为人的要素。在当下中国,对人性抽象不足与过度抽象同在(后者更为严重),前者是将个人的利益任性化,后者是将人民的利益虚幻化,二者的共同后果是将人抽象化。适度抽象后的人性有四大要素:自然需要性、社会需要性、理智需要性和道德需要性,由此形成了相辅相成的人性四大力量:生活热情力、社会亲和力、理智控制力和道德奉献力。