Identification and distribution of 13003 landslides in the northwest margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau based on human-computer interaction remote sensing interpretation

The periphery of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is renowned for its susceptibility to landslides.However,the northwestern margin of this region,characterised by limited human activities and challenging transportation,remains insufficiently explored concerning landslide occurrence and dispersion.With the planning and construction of the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway,a comprehensive investigation into disastrous landslides in this area is essential for effective disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies.By using the human-computer interaction interpretation approach,the authors established a landslide database encompassing 13003 landslides,collectively spanning an area of 3351.24 km^(2)(36°N-40°N,73°E-78°E).The database incorporates diverse topographical and environmental parameters,including regional elevation,slope angle,slope aspect,distance to faults,distance to roads,distance to rivers,annual precipitation,and stratum.The statistical characteristics of number and area of landslides,landslide number density(LND),and landslide area percentage(LAP)are analyzed.The authors found that a predominant concentration of landslide origins within high slope angle regions,with the highest incidence observed in intervals characterised by average slopes of 20°to 30°,maximum slope angle above 80°,along with orientations towards the north(N),northeast(NE),and southwest(SW).Additionally,elevations above 4.5 km,distance to rivers below 1 km,rainfall between 20-30 mm and 30-40 mm emerge as particularly susceptible to landslide development.The study area’s geological composition primarily comprises Mesozoic and Upper Paleozoic outcrops.Both fault and human engineering activities have different degrees of influence on landslide development.Furthermore,the significance of the landslide database,the relationship between landslide distribution and environmental factors,and the geometric and morphological characteristics of landslides are discussed.The landslide H/L ratios in the study area are mainly concentrated between 0.4 and 0.64.It means the landslides mobility in the region is relatively low,and the authors speculate that landslides in this region more possibly triggered by earthquakes or located in meizoseismal area.

Risk identification and safety assessment of human-computer interaction in integrated avionics based on STAMP

To solve the problem of risk identification and quantitative assessment for human-computer interaction(HCI)in complex avionics systems,an HCI safety analysis framework based on system-theoretical process analysis(STPA)and cognitive reliability and error analysis method(CREAM)is proposed.STPACREAM can identify unsafe control actions and find the causal path during the interaction of avionics systems and pilot with the help of formal verification tools automatically.The common performance conditions(CPC)of avionics systems in the aviation environment is established and a quantitative analysis of human failure is carried out.Taking the head-up display(HUD)system interaction process as an example,a case analysis is carried out,the layered safety control structure and formal model of the HUD interaction process are established.For the interactive behavior“Pilots approaching with HUD”,four unsafe control actions and35 causal scenarios are identified and the impact of common performance conditions at different levels on the pilot decision model are analyzed.The results show that HUD's HCI level gradually improves as the scores of CPC increase,and the quality of crew member cooperation and time sufficiency of the task is the key to its HCI.Through case analysis,it is shown that STPACREAM can quantitatively assess the hazards in HCI and identify the key factors that impact safety.

Dynamic constraint and objective generation approach for real-time train rescheduling model under human-computer interaction

Real-time train rescheduling plays a vital role in railway transportation as it is crucial for maintaining punctuality and reliability in rail operations.In this paper,we propose a rescheduling model that incorporates constraints and objectives generated through human-computer interaction.This approach ensures that the model is aligned with practical requirements and daily operational tasks while facilitating iterative train rescheduling.The dispatcher’s empirical knowledge is integrated into the train rescheduling process using a human-computer interaction framework.We introduce six interfaces to dynamically construct constraints and objectives that capture human intentions.By summarizing rescheduling rules,we devise a rule-based conflict detection-resolution heuristic algorithm to effectively solve the formulated model.A series of numerical experiments are presented,demonstrating strong performance across the entire system.Furthermore,theflexibility of rescheduling is enhanced through secondary analysis-driven solutions derived from the outcomes of humancomputer interactions in the previous step.This proposed interaction method complements existing literature on rescheduling methods involving human-computer interactions.It serves as a tool to aid dispatchers in identifying more feasible solutions in accordance with their empirical rescheduling strategies.

OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC MANIFOLD BLOCKS BASED ON HUMAN-COMPUTER COOPERATIVE GENETIC ALGORITHM

Optimization design of hydraulic manifold blocks (HMB) is studied as acomplex solid spatial layout problem. Based on comprehensive research into structure features anddesign rules of HMB, an optimal mathematical model for this problem is presented. Usinghuman-computer cooperative genetic algorithm (GA) and its hybrid optitation strategies, integratedlayout and connection design schemes of HMB can be automatically optimized. An example is given totestify it.

STUDY ON HUMAN-COMPUTER SYSTEM FOR STABLE VIRTUAL DISASSEMBLY

The cooperative work between human being and computer based on virtual reality (VR) is investigated to plan the disassembly sequences more efficiently. A three-layer model of human-computer cooperative virtual disassembly is built, and the corresponding human-computer system for stable virtual disassembly is developed. In this system, an immersive and interactive virtual disassembly environment has been created to provide planners with a more visual working scene. For cooperative disassembly, an intelligent module of stability analysis of disassembly operations is embedded into the human-computer system to assist planners to implement disassembly tasks better. The supporting matrix for stability analysis of disassembly operations is defined and the method of stability analysis is detailed. Based on the approach, the stability of any disassembly operation can be analyzed to instruct the manual virtual disassembly. At last, a disassembly case in the virtual environment is given to prove the validity of above ideas.

Recent Advances on Human-Computer Dialogue

Human-Computer dialogue systems provide a natural language based interface between human and computers. They are widely demanded in network information services, intelligent accompanying robots, and so on. A Human-Computer dialogue system typically consists of three parts, namely Natural Language Understanding （NLU）, Dialogue Management （DM） and Natural Language Generation （NLG）. Each part has several different subtasks. Each subtask has been received lots of attentions, many improvements have been achieved on each subtask, respectively. But systems built in traditional pipeline way, where different subtasks are assembled sequently, suffered from some problems such as error accu- mulation and expanding, domain transferring. Therefore, researches on jointly modeling several subtasks in one part or cross different parts have been prompted greatly in recent years, especially the rapid developments on deep neural networks based joint models. There is even a few work aiming to integrate all subtasks of a dialogue system in a single model, namely end-to-end models. This paper introduces two basic frames of current dialogue systems and gives a brief survey on recent advances on variety subtasks at first, and then focuses on joint models for multiple subtasks of dialogues. We review several different joint models including integration of several subtasks inside NLU or NLG, jointly modeling cross NLG and DM, and jointly modeling through NLU, DM and NLG. Both advantages and problems of those joint models are discussed. We consider that the joint models, or end-to-end models, will be one important trend for developing Human-Computer dialogue systems.

A Study of Electromyogram Based on Human-Computer Interface

In this paper, a new control system based on forearm electromyogram （EMG） is proposed for computer peripheral control and artificial prosthesis control. This control system intends to realize the commands of six pre-defined hand poses： up, down, left, right, yes, and no. In order to research the possibility of using a unified amplifier for both electroencephalogram （EEG） and EMG, the surface forearm EMG data is acquired by a 4-channel EEG measurement system. The Bayesian classifier is used to classify the power spectral density （PSD） of the signal. The experiment result verifies that this control system can supply a high command recognition rate （average 48%） even the EMG data is collected with an EEG system just with single electrode measurement.

Design and Implementation of the Image Interactive System Based on Human-Computer Interaction

Based on the traditional Human-Computer Interaction method which is mainly touch input system, the way of capturing the movement of people by using cameras is proposed. This is a convenient technique which can provide users more experience. In the article, a new way of detecting moving things is given on the basis of development of the image processing technique. The system architecture decides that the communication should be used between two different applications. After considered, named pipe is selected from many ways of communication to make sure that video is keeping in step with the movement from the analysis of the people moving. According to a large amount of data and principal knowledge, thinking of the need of actual project, a detailed system design and realization is finished. The system consists of three important modules: detecting of the people's movement, information transition between applications and video showing in step with people's movement. The article introduces the idea of each module and technique.

Reform of Human-Computer Interaction Course based on Mobile Application Interaction Design

With the popularity of new intelligent mobile devices in people’s lives,the development of mobile applications has paid increasing attention to the interactive experience of users.As the content of traditional Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)course and teaching material is out of date,it cannot meet the needs of mobile application interaction design and enterprises for students.Therefore,we need a new generation HCI course based on intelligent mobile devices to study the relationship between users and systems.The HCI course not only teaches students HCI theory and model,but also needs to cultivate students’interaction-oriented design practical ability.This paper proposes a set of HCI teaching material design and teaching methods for improving HCI class quality on mobile application interaction design,so as to make students more suitable for the employment requirements of enterprises.

A NEW APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF A SYSTEM FOR FEATURE EXTRACTION BASED ON HUMAN-COMPUTER COLLABORATIVE TACTIC

We are involved in an embarrassing situation that the limited capability of automated feature extraction in digital photogrammetric systems cannot satisfy the increasing needs for rapid acquisition of semantic information for applications. Facing this challenge, a new tactic, Human-Computer Collaborative (HCC) tactic, and a corresponding new method, Operator-Object Directed (OOD) method, are proposed for the design of a system for feature extraction from large scale aerial images. We hold that in almost all technical complex systems, full automation will be neither technically feasible nor socially acceptable. The system should be designed to optimize through the cooperative operation with two agents in the system: the hurtan and the computer.

Woven fabric triboelectric nanogenerators for human-computer interaction and physical health monitoring

Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)converts mechanical energy into valuable electrical energy,offering a solution for future energy needs.As an indispensable part of TENG,textile TENG(T-TENG)has incredible advantages in harvesting biomechanical energy and physiological signal monitoring.However,the application of T-TENG is restricted,partly because the fabric structure parameter and structure on T-TENG performance have not been fully exploited.This study comprehensively investigates the effect of weaving structure on fabric TENGs(F-TENGs)for direct-weaving yarn TENGs and post-coating fabric TENGs.For direct-weaving F-TENGs,a single-yarn TENG(Y-TENG)with a core-sheath structure is fabricated using conductive yarn as the core layer yarn and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)filaments as the sheath yarn.Twelve fabrics with five different sets of parameters were designed and investigated.For post-coating F-TENGs,fabrics with weaving structures of plain,twill,satin,and reinforced twill were fabricated and coated with conductive silver paint.Overall,the twill F-TENGs have the best electrical outputs,followed by the satin F-TENGs and plain weave F-TENGs.Besides,the increase of the Y-TENG gap spacing was demonstrated to improve the electrical output performance.Moreover,T-TENGs are demonstrated for human-computer interaction and self-powered real-time monitoring.This systematic work provides guidance for the future T-TENG’s design.

AI in Human-computer Gaming:Techniques,Challenges and Opportunities

With the breakthrough of AlphaGo,human-computer gaming AI has ushered in a big explosion,attracting more and more researchers all over the world.As a recognized standard for testing artificial intelligence,various human-computer gaming AI systems(AIs)have been developed,such as Libratus,OpenAI Five,and AlphaStar,which beat professional human players.The rapid development of human-computer gaming AIs indicates a big step for decision-making intelligence,and it seems that current techniques can handle very complex human-computer games.So,one natural question arises:What are the possible challenges of current techniques in human-computer gaming and what are the future trends?To answer the above question,in this paper,we survey recent successful game AIs,covering board game AIs,card game AIs,first-person shooting game AIs,and real-time strategy game AIs.Through this survey,we 1)compare the main difficulties among different kinds of games and the corresponding techniques utilized for achieving professional human-level AIs;2)summarize the mainstream frameworks and techniques that can be properly relied on for developing AIs for complex human-computer games;3)raise the challenges or drawbacks of current techniques in the successful AIs;and 4)try to point out future trends in human-computer gaming AIs.Finally,we hope that this brief review can provide an introduction for beginners and inspire insight for researchers in the field of AI in human-computer gaming.

Vision-Based Hand Gesture Recognition for Human-Computer Interaction——A Survey

Recently,vision-based gesture recognition(VGR)has become a hot research spot in human-computer interaction(HCI).Unlike other gesture recognition methods with data gloves or other wearable sensors,vision-based gesture recognition could lead to more natural and intuitive HCI interactions.This paper reviews the state-of-the-art vision-based gestures recognition methods,from different stages of gesture recognition process,i.e.,(1)image acquisition and pre-processing,(2)gesture segmentation,(3)gesture tracking,(4)feature extraction,and(5)gesture classification.This paper also analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these various methods in detail.Finally,the challenges of vision-based gesture recognition in haptic rendering and future research directions are discussed.

Criteria of Human-computer Interface Design for Computer Assisted Surgery Systems

In recent years, computer assisted surgery （CAS） systems become more and more common in clinical practices, but few specific design criteria have been proposed for human-computer interface （HCI） in GAS systems. This paper tried to give universal criteria of HCI design for CAS systems through introduction of demonstration application, which is total knee replacement （TKR） with a nonimage-based navigation system. A typical computer assisted process can be divided into four phases： the preoperative planning phase, the intraoperative registration phase, the intraoperative navigation phase and finally the postoperative assessment phase. The interface design for four steps is described respectively in the demonstration application. These criteria this paper summarized can be useful to software developers to achieve reliable and effective interfaces for new CAS systems more easily.

An Evaluation of Chinese Human-Computer Dialogue Technology

The human-computer dialogue has recently attracted extensive attention from both academia and industry as an important branch in the field of artificial intelligence(AI).However,there are few studies on the evaluation of large-scale Chinese human-computer dialogue systems.In this paper,we introduce the Second Evaluation of Chinese Human-Computer Dialogue Technology,which focuses on the identification of a user’s intents and intelligent processing of intent words.The Evaluation consists of user intent classification(Task 1)and online testing of task-oriented dialogues(Task 2),the data sets of which are provided by iFLYTEK Corporation.The evaluation tasks and data sets are introduced in detail,and meanwhile,the evaluation results and the existing problems in the evaluation are discussed.

An Evaluation of Chinese Human-Computer Dialogue Technology

There is a growing interest in developing human-computer dialogue systems which is an important branch in the field of artificial intelligence(AI).However,the evaluation of large-scale Chinese human-computer dialogues is still a challenging task.To attract more attention to dialogue evaluation work,we held the fourth Evaluation of Chinese Human-Computer Dialogue Technology(ECDT).It consists of few-shot learning in spoken language understanding(SLU)(Task 1)and knowledge-driven multi-turn dialogue competition(Task 2),the data sets of which are provided by Harbin Institute of Technology and Tsinghua University.In this paper,we will introduce the evaluation tasks and data sets in detail.Meanwhile,we will also analyze the evaluation results and the existing problems in the evaluation.

Virtual Keyboard:A Real-Time Hand Gesture Recognition-Based Character Input System Using LSTM and Mediapipe Holistic

In the digital age,non-touch communication technologies are reshaping human-device interactions and raising security concerns.A major challenge in current technology is the misinterpretation of gestures by sensors and cameras,often caused by environmental factors.This issue has spurred the need for advanced data processing methods to achieve more accurate gesture recognition and predictions.Our study presents a novel virtual keyboard allowing character input via distinct hand gestures,focusing on two key aspects:hand gesture recognition and character input mechanisms.We developed a novel model with LSTM and fully connected layers for enhanced sequential data processing and hand gesture recognition.We also integrated CNN,max-pooling,and dropout layers for improved spatial feature extraction.This model architecture processes both temporal and spatial aspects of hand gestures,using LSTM to extract complex patterns from frame sequences for a comprehensive understanding of input data.Our unique dataset,essential for training the model,includes 1,662 landmarks from dynamic hand gestures,33 postures,and 468 face landmarks,all captured in real-time using advanced pose estimation.The model demonstrated high accuracy,achieving 98.52%in hand gesture recognition and over 97%in character input across different scenarios.Its excellent performance in real-time testing underlines its practicality and effectiveness,marking a significant advancement in enhancing human-device interactions in the digital age.

Gesture Recognition Based on Time-of-Flight Sensor and Residual Neural Network

With the advancement of technology and the increase in user demands, gesture recognition played a pivotal role in the field of human-computer interaction. Among various sensing devices, Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensors were widely applied due to their low cost. This paper explored the implementation of a human hand posture recognition system using ToF sensors and residual neural networks. Firstly, this paper reviewed the typical applications of human hand recognition. Secondly, this paper designed a hand gesture recognition system using a ToF sensor VL53L5. Subsequently, data preprocessing was conducted, followed by training the constructed residual neural network. Then, the recognition results were analyzed, indicating that gesture recognition based on the residual neural network achieved an accuracy of 98.5% in a 5-class classification scenario. Finally, the paper discussed existing issues and future research directions.

A Survey of Gesture Recognition Using Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Radar

With technology advances and human requirements increasing, human-computer interaction plays an important role in our daily lives. Among these interactions, gesture-based recognition offers a natural and intuitive user experience that does not require physical contact and is becoming increasingly prevalent across various fields. Gesture recognition systems based on Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) millimeter-wave radar are receiving widespread attention due to their ability to operate without wearable sensors, their robustness to environmental factors, and the excellent penetrative ability of radar signals. This paper first reviews the current main gesture recognition applications. Subsequently, we introduce the system of gesture recognition based on FMCW radar and provide a general framework for gesture recognition, including gesture data acquisition, data preprocessing, and classification methods. We then discuss typical applications of gesture recognition systems and summarize the performance of these systems in terms of experimental environment, signal acquisition, signal processing, and classification methods. Specifically, we focus our study on four typical gesture recognition systems, including air-writing recognition, gesture command recognition, sign language recognition, and text input recognition. Finally, this paper addresses the challenges and unresolved problems in FMCW radar-based gesture recognition and provides insights into potential future research directions.

基于CT平扫下胫腓联合腓骨切迹分型及其临床意义

目的基于CT下胫腓联合腓骨切迹形态学分型及其临床意义。方法根据纳入排除标准分析在骨伤科行踝关节CT检查患者(男性123例,女性102例,均为汉族,年龄18~60岁)的图像资料,按形态学特点对下胫腓联合腓骨切迹进行分型,并测量下胫腓联合腓骨切迹周围的8个距离。结果回顾分析了2013年12月~2022年12月225例患者结果,可将下胫腓联合腓骨切迹分为4型:C形(50.67%)、V形(26.67%)、平坦形(15.11%)、L形(7.56%)。平坦形的切迹前后部夹角(145.56±9.25)°最大(P<0.05),L形切迹前后部夹角(125.07±13.54)°最小(P<0.05);平坦形的切迹深度(3.11±0.83)mm最小(P<0.05),L形的切迹深度(4.47±1.11)mm最大(P<0.05)。左侧切迹后部长度(13.06±3.56)mm、胫腓前间隙(3.83±1.49)mm明显大于右侧(P<0.05);男性切迹后部长度(13.36±3.46)mm、切迹深度(3.93±1.10)mm及胫腓重叠垂直距离(9.10±2.55)mm明显大于女性(P<0.05)。结论通过测量下胫腓联合腓骨切迹相关数据并根据形态将其分为4种类型。平坦形下胫腓联合腓骨切迹更易出现慢性踝关节不稳,在解剖复位时更易发生腓骨前移;而L形和C形切迹的下胫腓联合在解剖复位时更易发生腓骨后移或旋转复位不良。