Integrated Climate Change Risk Governance in China under the Background of Global Climate Governance

Climate change in the past one hundred years has brought important influence to the natural ecosystem and social-economic system of the world and China.The impact of future climate change is also long-term and huge,and many effects are negative or adverse.Therefore,from now on we must take measures adapting to climate change to overcome the adverse effects of climate change on social-economic-ecological system.In this paper,starting from the urgency of integrated climate change risk governance,the risk of natural disasters intensifying caused by climate change is briefly described,and engineering and non engineering measures of the integrated climate change risk governance in China's high risk region are proposed,as well as recommendations on integrated risk governance in the eastern,middle and western China.

Validating Governance Performance Indicators for Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management in the Southeast Region of Cuba

The importance of evaluating the success of policies developed to effectively manage coastal and marine resource use is well documented. However, few frameworks exist that allow for a comparative examination of existing policy instruments, as opposed to specific initiatives, which assess governance performance aimed at addressing issues arising in the coastal zone. This paper describes the process and findings for evaluating the feasibility of a modified Coastal Sustainability Standard (CoSS) framework that seeks to measure the effectiveness of individual planning instruments within overlapping spatial boundaries in the landward and marine areas in the southeast region of Cuba. Through workshops conducted in Santiago de Cuba and Guamá municipalities with key representatives involved in coastal management and planning, the utility of the framework was assessed using the main instruments of territorial planning in Cuba, namely integrated river basin management, territorial planning in coastal municipalities and marine and coastal management. While, the findings suggest that the modified CoSS framework can be used to assess the effectiveness of these planning instruments in the region, and workshop participants also suggested improvements to better match its use to the characteristics of the study region.

The Local Process of Governance in Integrated Water Resource Management： An Example of the Wadi El K^bir Watershed （Northeast of Algeria）

Alternatives to the sectoral and public policies and regulations of environmental and water resources＇ protection, and the experiments of integrated management have been rapidly multiplied since the year 1990. Water constitutes a principal stake of these environmental policies in the majority of the countries and especially in the countries of North Africa as Algeria, where this resource is threatened by repeated dryness and by the impact of the climate change. The integrated water resource management reflects today the world tendency of the governments to exploit and preserve this resource by a way based on a process of governance, which passes by the dialog of diversified actors （various sectors）. According to this policy and to the promulgation of the Algerian National Report on State effective implementation and coordination mechanisms are required. How this principle of integrated water management will be executed with various scenarios in Algeria and what are the main difficulties that can be met？ Or, more exactly, what are the variables that can influence the operation of the local water process governorship？ This analysis will be carried out through the example of the Wadi El K6bir watershed located in the northeast of Algeria, which is real natural area of water supply that feeds the communities, the natural and artificial basins, and preserves the perenniality of the existing natural ecosystems especially the one of the natural park classified by the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization （U.N.E.S.C.O） in 1989 as the inheritance of humanity and six other sites classified according to the Ramsar convention as wetlands of international importance to be preserved.

Spatial Governance of Multi-Plan Integration in the County Area:A Case Study of Sihui City

This study discussed the contradiction and reform experience of multi-plan integration in Sihui from the perspective of spatial governance.The research found:in terms of contradictions,the right and responsibility of management departments in the county area of Sihui were crosscutting,the township governance responsibilities needed urgent improvement,the urban-rural governance problems were different,the spatial governance elements were not unified,and the contradiction in the implementation mechanism was the implementation of projects.Through the multi-plan integration reform,Sihui reconstructed the right and responsibility relationship of the spatial governance departments,unified the elements of spatial governance,and refactored the implementation mechanism by reconstructing the transmission mechanism of the spatial planning system and the project approval mechanism and establishing the dynamic evaluation and adjustment mechanism.

破与立:协同治理机制的整合与重构——评Collaborative Governance Regimes

协同治理日益成为激变时代解决公共问题的治道选择,并引起学术界的强烈关注。然而,已有研究却呈现碎片化、拼凑化的特点,如何进行理论整合并重构分析框架成为当前的理论诉求。柯克·爱默生和蒂娜·娜芭齐基于文献分析与经验研究,从治理环境和棘手问题两个方面讨论协同治理的生成机理,重新定义协同治理的内涵,整合协同治理的知识谱系,并构建了协同治理机制的综合性分析框架。她们的研究无疑成为相关领域的重要参考。当然,该项研究仍然具有值得拓展的空间,本文最后一部分对此进行探讨。

Research on Urban Community Facilities Safety Governance—Based on the Overall Perspective

Community facilities accidents happen every year in many cities of China, which has been an important issue in academic circles. The purpose of this study is to suggest the direction of universal design for the prevention of community facilities accidents. In this paper, from the overall angle, the impact factors of the urban community service facilities safety were analyzed. Then, based on the integrated governance theory, from such aspects as engineering and non-engineering disaster reduction, the governance measures were explored.

A COMPLETE BOUNDARY INTEGRAL FORMULATION FOR STEADY COMPRESSIBLE INVISCID FLOWS GOVERNED BY NONLINEAR EQUATIONS

A complete boundary integral formulation for steady compressible inviscid flows governed by nonlinear equations is established by using ρV as variable. Thus, the dimensionality of the problem to be solved is reduced by one and the computational mesh to be generated is needed only on the boundary of the domain.

Data Integrity and Risk

Data Integrity is a critical component of Data lifecycle management. Its importance increases even more in a complex and dynamic landscape. Actions like unauthorized access, unauthorized modifications, data manipulations, audit tampering, data backdating, data falsification, phishing and spoofing are no longer restricted to rogue individuals but in fact also prevalent in systematic organizations and states as well. Therefore, data security requires strong data integrity measures and associated technical controls in place. Without proper customized framework in place, organizations are prone to high risk of financial, reputational, revenue losses, bankruptcies, and legal penalties which we shall discuss further throughout this paper. We will also explore some of the improvised and innovative techniques in product development to better tackle the challenges and requirements of data security and integrity.

司法裁判如何实现社会治理

司法裁判的微观修复功能源自司法权的本质,宏观社会功能来自案件传播中的观念磨合与共识形成,司法裁判与社会治理在法理上是相融共通的,也会推进公平正义、稳定秩序、公共理性与个体尊严等社会治理价值目标的实现。司法裁判参与社会治理的方式包括:推动公共政策的形成;规范行政权力的运行;促进法律适用的统一;形塑公众观念和行为。司法裁判发挥社会治理作用需要一定的条件,亦存在被滥用的风险,为了防范这些问题,需要坚持司法的职能定位和基本逻辑,强化裁判文书的释法说理能力,注重司法与民意之间的良性互动,拓展和优化司法裁判的共知共享途径。

科教融汇视域下高职教育校企协同创新治理的逻辑与路径研究

教育、科技、人才“三位一体”重要论述为科教融汇视域下高职教育校企协同创新治理提供了政策基础与现实依据。高职教育校企协同创新实践中呈现出校企主体功能效益差异、管理权力运行向度单一、利益平衡机制缺失等问题表征,实际上是由于协同创新价值认同缺失、权力分配失衡、利益共享不均衡等治理不足所致。外溢性的公共价值达成、异质性的多元主体协同及柔性的网络化秩序建立共同构成了高职教育校企协同创新治理的逻辑。结合实践案例分析,校企协同创新治理现代化应通过建立“产科教”融合的治理价值理念、保障协同创新治理主体话语权、建立协同创新治理机制、构建基于自组织的协同创新场域等路径推进。

ChatGPT应用中的科研诚信风险及其伦理治理

作为具有高度人工智能特点的新成果,ChatGPT自面世以来就受到广泛关注。其强大的信息整合能力、生成性的自主学习能力、良好的人机交互能力在为科学研究提供有力辅助的同时,也产生了科研诚信的隐忧。ChatGPT在辅助科研中存在的诚信风险主要包括:信息失真的风险、剽窃侵权的风险、科研失德的风险。要规避这些风险,就必须对ChatGPT的应用进行伦理治理。ChatGPT使用应当遵守公开知情原则、公平正义原则、共同责任原则。唯有强化研究者的道德自觉,建立ChatGPT伦理审查机制,构建ChatGPT科研诚信伦理控制体系,才能确保ChatGPT在科研辅助中满足科研诚信要求、具备道德正当性。

深化职业教育产教融合的关键是实现跨界组织实体化运作

深化产教融合是职业教育实现高质量发展的核心举措。改革开放以来,我国职业教育产教融合在政策牵引和实践演绎的相互作用下,展现了由松散到紧密、由浅层次到深层次的演变历程。但长期以来,产教“融而不合”、校企“跨而不实”的现实困境始终难以破题。伴随市域产教联合体、行业产教融合共同体等新型产教跨界组织的产生与发展,以制度突破为基本前提,推进跨界组织的实体化运作成为深化职业教育产教融合的关键。而实现这一点,需要跨界组织具有符合实际的组织结构、发挥实效的主导权力、约束有力的职责分工、稳定的利益共享机制、有效的激励保障政策,也需要多方主体协同有效的共建共治。

数字孪生城市的治理变革与路径优化

数字孪生城市作为现阶段探索智慧城市治理的新型模式,其本质是利用智能技术在虚拟空间中对现实的物理城市进行精准复刻,借助克隆的孪生城市进行模拟、预测和干预城市的运营和治理,其主要优势在于造就了一种系统智能化和干预智能化相结合的全过程智能,形成了“全景映射”“极致可视”“虚实融合”“即时交互”的智能治理结构。数字孪生城市的快速发展在催生新一轮城市治理革命的同时,也面临着数字技术发展困境、虚拟现实融合困境与现实治理协调困境等诸多挑战。因此,必须强调数字孪生城市的底层逻辑是对城市属人性本质的不断深化,只有让技术手段和人文关怀共同进步、相得益彰,才能让城市的发展不断满足人民群众日益增长的美好生活需求,将城市治理体系现代化成果真正转化为不断改善的生活品质。

我国人工智能立法的模式选择与制度展开——兼论领域融贯型立法模式

中国人工智能立法已经纳入《国务院2023年度立法工作计划》,当前,研究重心应从“应否立法”转向“如何立法”。比较国际人工智能立法实践,可归纳出两种基本模式,即统一垂直型立法模式和分散网格型立法模式,两者在制度设计、价值取向等方面各具特征。在分析研判这两种模式的基础上,以法律3.0为指导,提出中国应探索领域融贯型立法。该模式强调人工智能立法系领域法,主要内容应包括风险规制、产业促进、技术标准三方面,形式上要以基本法为主体、产业促进法和技术标准法为分支,旨在实现立法宗旨、人工智能面相及法治系统工程的三重融贯。在该模式下,《人工智能法》(基本法)应当对基本规定、基本原则、基本制度及责任义务体系等内容分别作统一界定、吸纳转介与制度重塑。

关键核心技术攻关驱动因素及实现路径——以集成电路产业为例的组态分析

关键核心技术作为国之重器占据重要战略位置,但关键核心技术的关键驱动要素机制与可实现路径尚未明晰。为揭示关键核心技术攻关有效的驱动因素及组态路径模式,在厘清关键核心技术的概念特征基础上,基于技术-组织-环境理论框架,以集成电路产业为例,利用定性比较分析与必要条件分析法对我国28个省份的关键核心技术攻关的必要条件及可实现路径展开研究。结果发现:(1)数字化技术、R&D投入强度、市场化环境和政府支持度是决定关键核心技术攻关的关键因素;(2)存在3条关键核心技术攻关的有效路径,分别是高数字技术下市场导向型、高组织集聚下产业导向型和高研发资助下政府导向型,且均以技术层为基础、组织及环境层为支持;(3)产业协同能弥补关键核心技术攻关的创新要素匮乏的不足,同时政府资助的影响力不容忽视。因此,进一步推动集成电路产业关键核心技术攻关,要以丰富新一代信息技术资本存量与增加科技研发资本流量为两大着力点,在积极为关键核心技术攻关提供政府资金支持的同时引导社会资源投入,为关键核心技术打造良好的外部发展环境。

科教融汇赋能新质生产力:内在逻辑、现实困境和实践路径——基于高等职业教育的视角

在新质生产力背景下,科教融汇成为推动社会经济发展和提高劳动者竞争力的重要途径。通过对科教融汇的历史进程、新质生产力的特征分析,从理论逻辑、社会逻辑和技术逻辑三个层面阐述了科教融汇赋能新质生产力的内在逻辑。科教融汇本质上是通过合理的科教资源配置,不断提高创新人才培养质量,但面临治理环境缺乏支撑、科教赋能建设不足、创新融合深度缺乏等现实困境。因此,可从实践出发,从以下方面探索科教融汇赋能新质生产力的实践路径:统筹谋划顶层设计,形塑科教文化生态;多元主体积极参与,完善政策支持体系;增强人才培养供需耦合,提供高素质劳动者队伍;完善科研创新平台建设,创新数字技术运用场景。

城市更新专项规划编制的内容体系构成与关键技术路径

城市更新专项规划是当前各地推进城市更新行动的重要抓手和新兴工具,其编制方法和工作路径正处于探索阶段。辨析城市更新专项规划兴起的背景与需求,对比分析北京、深圳、广州、重庆等地的规划编制经验,总结市区层面城市更新专项规划编制的主要做法与内容构成,详细剖析以存量空间资源统筹为核心的“本底识别—分类梳理—管控引导”规划编制技术路径,从实施流程、传导机制、落地工具等方面提出保障城市更新专项规划效用发挥的措施建议。

纵横协同:新乡贤文化建设的双重路径

新乡贤文化是由传统乡贤文化创造性转化、创新性发展而来的新型文化形态,以其独特作用助推乡村全面振兴。政府和社会是新乡贤文化建设的两种力量,并以此形成了政府主导式建设路径和社会主动式建设路径。政府主导式建设路径以做好顶层设计、整合各种资源、注重授权赋能为主要抓手,通过行政纵向推动力量引领新乡贤文化建设;社会主动式建设路径则以乡村内生力量、特色化的优势资源和参与式行动为依托,通过内生横向协商方式践行新乡贤文化建设。双重建设路径虽共存于乡村场域,但二者属性不同,需通过纵横协同形成新乡贤文化建设的强大合力,使新乡贤文化建设更具持续性和实效性。习近平文化思想为双重路径的纵横协同提供了强大思想武器和科学行动指南,双重建设路径应顺应时代新要求,遵循互嵌互融逻辑,在互动-嵌入-融合中实现纵横协同,共同服务于新乡贤文化建设。

“三治融合”视域下乡村“积分制”治理运行机制研究——基于四川省Y村的个案研究

“三治融合”是宏观层面对乡村治理的政策指引,乡村“积分制”治理正是“三治融合”理念的应用。文章以“三治融合”理念为视角,基于治理组织、治理工具、治理目标三个维度构成的治理逻辑,分析论证“三治融合”理念和乡村“积分制”治理运作机理的同一性;依据治理逻辑和运作机理,构建由起始动力机制、协调助力机制和激励保障机制形成的乡村“积分制”治理实践运行机制;通过把握乡村“积分制”治理实践运行机制,提出从构建多元治理主体协同参与的共建共治格局、运用制度和技术工具、建立因地制宜的积分评价考核机制和激励政策等方面优化完善乡村“积分制”治理,以期推动乡村治理方式的创新化发展。

我国社会信用体系建设面临的主要挑战及对策建议

党的十八大以来,国家高度重视社会信用体系建设,在一些基础领域和关键环节取得了重要进展,总体社会信用状况得到明显改善。然而,社会信用体系建设是一项长期且极为复杂的系统工程,目前仍面临着理论研究和法治建设滞后,社会信用体系建设的目标定位和功能边界不够清晰,商务征信体系不健全、企业账款拖欠严重,以及其他发展不平衡不充分等问题。建议在系统总结前期经验教训的基础上,加强理论研究,厘清认识和实践误区,进一步明确社会信用体系建设的目标定位和功能边界,加快推进信用立法,健全商务信用体系,破解企业账款拖欠难题,大力发展信用经济,并做好面向公众的宣传引导工作。