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An extended social force model on unidirectional flow considering psychological and behavioral impacts of hazard source
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作者 邓凯丰 李梦 +1 位作者 胡祥敏 陈涛 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期567-576,共10页
An accurate assessment of the evacuation efficiency in case of disasters is of vital importance to the safety design of buildings and street blocks.Hazard sources not only physically but psychologically affect the ped... An accurate assessment of the evacuation efficiency in case of disasters is of vital importance to the safety design of buildings and street blocks.Hazard sources not only physically but psychologically affect the pedestrians,which may further alter their behavioral patterns.This effect is especially significant in narrow spaces,such as corridors and alleys.This study aims to integrate a non-spreading hazard source into the social force model following the results from a previous experiment and simulation,and to simulate unidirectional pedestrian flows over various crowd densities and clarity–intensity properties of the hazard source.The integration include a virtual repulsion force from the hazard source and a decay on the social force term.The simulations reveal(i)that the hazard source creates virtual bottlenecks that suppress the flow,(ii)that the inter-pedestrian push forms a stabilisation phase on the flow-density curve within medium-to-high densities,and(iii)that the pedestrians are prone to a less orderly and stable pattern of movement in low clarity–intensity scenarios,possibly with lateral collisions passing the hazard source. 展开更多
关键词 EVACUATION social force model hazard source unidirectional pedestrian flow
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Improved social force model based on exit selection for microscopic pedestrian simulation in subway station 被引量:4
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作者 郑勋 李海鹰 +2 位作者 孟令云 许心越 陈旭 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第11期4490-4497,共8页
An improved social force model based on exit selection is proposed to simulate pedestrians' microscopic behaviors in subway station. The modification lies in considering three factors of spatial distance, occupant... An improved social force model based on exit selection is proposed to simulate pedestrians' microscopic behaviors in subway station. The modification lies in considering three factors of spatial distance, occupant density and exit width. In addition, the problem of pedestrians selecting exit frequently is solved as follows: not changing to other exits in the affected area of one exit, using the probability of remaining preceding exit and invoking function of exit selection after several simulation steps. Pedestrians in subway station have some special characteristics, such as explicit destinations, different familiarities with subway station. Finally, Beijing Zoo Subway Station is taken as an example and the feasibility of the model results is verified through the comparison of the actual data and simulation data. The simulation results show that the improved model can depict the microscopic behaviors of pedestrians in subway station. 展开更多
关键词 EXIT SELECTION social force model EXIT WIDTH micro
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Simulation based on a modified social force model for sensitivity to emergency signs in subway station 被引量:2
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作者 蔡征宇 周汝 +2 位作者 崔银锴 王妍 蒋军成 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第2期175-183,共9页
The subway is the primary travel tool for urban residents in China. Due to the complex structure of the subway and high personnel density in rush hours, subway evacuation capacity is critical. The subway evacuation mo... The subway is the primary travel tool for urban residents in China. Due to the complex structure of the subway and high personnel density in rush hours, subway evacuation capacity is critical. The subway evacuation model is explored in this work by combining the improved social force model with the view radius using the Vicsek model. The pedestrians are divided into two categories based on different force models. The first category is sensitive pedestrians who have normal responses to emergency signs. The second category is insensitive pedestrians. By simulating different proportions of the insensitive pedestrians, we find that the escape time is directly proportional to the number of insensitive pedestrians and inversely proportional to the view radius. However, when the view radius is large enough, the escape time does not change significantly, and the evacuation of people in a small view radius environment tends to be integrated. With the improvement of view radius conditions, the escape time changes more obviously with the proportion of insensitive pedestrians. A new emergency sign layout is proposed, and the simulations show that the proposed layout can effectively reduce the escape time in a small view radius environment. However, the evacuation effect of the new escape sign layout on the large view radius environment is not apparent. In this case, the exit setting emerges as an additional factor affecting the escape time. 展开更多
关键词 modified social force model emergency evacuation insensitive pedestrians emergency signs layout
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Simulation of Crowd Motion Based on Boids Flocking Behavior and Social Force Model 被引量:2
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作者 ZHANG Xuguang ZHU Yanna 《Instrumentation》 2021年第1期29-42,共14页
In the process of crowd movement,pedestrians are often affected by their neighbors.In order to describe the consistency of adjacent individuals and collectivity of a group,this paper learns from the rules of the flock... In the process of crowd movement,pedestrians are often affected by their neighbors.In order to describe the consistency of adjacent individuals and collectivity of a group,this paper learns from the rules of the flocking behavior,such as segregation,alignment and cohesion,and proposes a method for crowd motion simulation based on the Boids model and social force model.Firstly,the perception area of individuals is divided into zone of segregation,alignment and cohesion.Secondly,the interactive force among individuals is calculated based upon the zone information,velocity vector and the group information.The interactive force among individuals is the synthesis of three forces:the repulsion force to avoid collisions,the alignment force to keep consistent with the velocity direction,and the attractive force to get close to the members of group.In segregation and alignment areas,the repulsion force and alignment force among pedestrians are limited by visual field factors.Finally,the interactive force among individuals,the driving force of destination and the repulsion force of obstacles work together to drive the behavior of crowd motion.The simulation results show that the proposed method can not only effectively simulate the interactive behavior between adjacent individuals but also the collective behavior of group. 展开更多
关键词 Collective Behavior Crowd Motion Simulation social force model Boids model
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Extended social force model with a dynamic navigation field for bidirectional pedestrian flow 被引量:4
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作者 Yan-Qun Jiang Bo-Kui Chen +2 位作者 Bing-Hong Wang Weng-Fai Wong Bing-Yang Cao 《Frontiers of physics》 SCIE CSCD 2017年第5期181-189,共9页
An extended social force model with a dynamic navigation field is proposed to study bidirectional pedestrian movement. The dynamic navigation field is introduced to describe the desired direction of pedestrian motion ... An extended social force model with a dynamic navigation field is proposed to study bidirectional pedestrian movement. The dynamic navigation field is introduced to describe the desired direction of pedestrian motion resulting from the decision-making processes of pedestrians. The macroscopic fundamental diagrams obtained using the extended model are validated against camera-based observations. Numerical results show that this extended model can reproduce collective phenomena in pedestrian traffic, such as dynamic multilane flow and stable separate-lane flow. Pedestrians' path choice behavior significantly affects the probability of congestion and the number of self-organized lanes. 展开更多
关键词 bidirectional pedestrian flow social force model dynamic navigation field collective phenomena complex systems
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A new collision avoidance model for pedestrian dynamics 被引量:3
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作者 王千龄 陈姚 +2 位作者 董海荣 周敏 宁滨 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第3期453-462,共10页
The pedestrians can only avoid collisions passively under the action of forces during simulations using the social force model, which may lead to unnatural behaviors. This paper proposes an optimization-based model fo... The pedestrians can only avoid collisions passively under the action of forces during simulations using the social force model, which may lead to unnatural behaviors. This paper proposes an optimization-based model for the avoidance of collisions, where the social repulsive force is removed in favor of a search for the quickest path to destination in the pedestrian's vision field. In this way, the behaviors of pedestrians are governed by changing their desired walking direction and desired speed. By combining the critical factors of pedestrian movement, such as positions of the exit and obstacles and velocities of the neighbors, the choice of desired velocity has been rendered to a discrete optimization problem. Therefore,it is the self-driven force that leads pedestrians to a free path rather than the repulsive force, which means the pedestrians can actively avoid collisions. The new model is verified by comparing with the fundamental diagram and actual data. The simulation results of individual avoidance trajectories and crowd avoidance behaviors demonstrate the reasonability of the proposed model. 展开更多
关键词 pedestrian dynamics social force model collision avoidance optimization-based method
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Fundamental diagrams for pedestrian flows in a channel via an extended social force model 被引量:2
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作者 Yan-fang Wei Dong-kai Lan Li-yun Dong 《Journal of Hydrodynamics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2018年第5期950-957,共8页
In this paper, an extended social force model was applied to investigate fundamental diagrams of pedestrian flows. In the presented model, both the static floor field and the view field were taken into account. Then e... In this paper, an extended social force model was applied to investigate fundamental diagrams of pedestrian flows. In the presented model, both the static floor field and the view field were taken into account. Then each pedestrian can determine his/her desired walking directions according to both global and local information. The fundamental diagrams were obtained numerically under periodic boundary condition. It was found that the fundamental diagrams show good agreement with the measured data in the case of unidirectional flow, especially in the medium density range. However, the fundamental diagram for the case of bidirectional flow gave larger values than the measured data. Furthermore, the bidirectional flux is larger than the tmidirectional flux in a certain density range. It is indicated that the bidirectional flow may be more efficient than the unidirectional flow in some cases. The process of lane formation is quite quick in the model. Typical flow patterns in three scenarios were given to show some realistic applications. 展开更多
关键词 Pedestrian flow social force model view field floor field fundamental diagram
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Microscopic dynamic simulation model for pedestrian at signalized intersection 被引量:2
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作者 李珊珊 钱大琳 罗艺 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2012年第11期3351-3362,共12页
Pedestrian's road-crossing model is the key part of micro-simulation for mixed traffic at signalized intersection.To reproduce the crossing behavior of pedestrians,the microscopic behaviors of the pedestrians pass... Pedestrian's road-crossing model is the key part of micro-simulation for mixed traffic at signalized intersection.To reproduce the crossing behavior of pedestrians,the microscopic behaviors of the pedestrians passing through the crosswalk at signalized intersection were analyzed.A pedestrian's decision making model based on gap acceptance theory was proposed.Based on the field data at three typical intersections in Beijing,China,the critical gaps and lags of pedestrians were calibrated.In addition,considering pedestrian's required space,a modification of the social force model that consists of a self-deceleration mechanism prevents a simulated pedestrian from continuously pushing over other pedestrians,making the simulation more realistic.After the simple change,the modified social force model is able to reproduce the fundamental diagram of pedestrian flows for densities less than 3.5 m-2 as reported in the literature. 展开更多
关键词 communication and transportation system pedestrian simulation social force model decision making model fimdamental diagram mixed traffic
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An improved social force model (ISFM)-based crowd evacuation simulation method in virtual reality with a subway fire as a case study 被引量:2
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作者 Jinbin Zhang Jun Zhu +6 位作者 Pei Dang Jianlin Wu Yuxuan Zhou Weilian Li Lin Fu Yukun Guo Jigang You 《International Journal of Digital Earth》 SCIE EI 2023年第1期1186-1204,共19页
Crowd evacuation simulation using virtual reality(VR)is significant for digital emergency response construction.However,existing evacuation simulation studies suffer from poor adaptation to complex environments,ineffi... Crowd evacuation simulation using virtual reality(VR)is significant for digital emergency response construction.However,existing evacuation simulation studies suffer from poor adaptation to complex environments,inefficient evacuations,and poor simulation effects and do not fully consider the impacts of specific disaster environments on crowd evacuation.To more realistically express the crowd evacuation results obtained under the influence offire environments and the subjective consciousness of pedestrians in subway stations,we designed a dynamic pedestrian evacuation path planning method under multiple constraints,analysed the influences of an‘environmental role’and a‘subjective initiative’on crowd evacuation,established an improved social force model(ISFM)-based crowd evacuation simulation method in VR,developed a prototype system and conducted experimental analyses.The experimental results show that the crowd evacuation time of the ISFM is affected by the disaster severity.In simulation experiments without disaster scenarios,the improved model’s crowd evacuation efficiency improved by averages of 12.53%and 15.37%over the commercial Pathfinder software and the original social force model,respectively.The method described herein can effectively support real-time VR crowd evacuation simulation under multiexit and multifloor conditions and can provide technical support for emergency evacuation learning and management decision analyses involving subwayfires. 展开更多
关键词 Subway stationfire improved social force model crowd evacuation simulation virtual reality path planning
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Visual Information Based Social Force Model for Crowd Evacuation 被引量:1
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作者 Wenhan Wu Maoyin Chen +3 位作者 Jinghai Li Binglu Liu Xiaolu Wang Xiaoping Zheng 《Tsinghua Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第3期619-629,共11页
With the increase in large-scale incidents in real life, crowd evacuation plays a pivotal role in ensuring the safety of human crowds during emergency situations. The behavior patterns of crowds are well rendered by e... With the increase in large-scale incidents in real life, crowd evacuation plays a pivotal role in ensuring the safety of human crowds during emergency situations. The behavior patterns of crowds are well rendered by existing crowd dynamics models. However, most related studies ignore the information perception of pedestrians.To overcome this issue, we develop a visual information based social force model to simulate the interpretable evacuation process from the perspective of visual perception. Numerical experiments indicate that the evacuation efficiency and decision-making ability promote rapidly within a small range with the increase in unbalanced prior knowledge. The propagation of acceleration behavior caused by emergencies is asymmetric due to the anisotropy of visual information. Therefore, this model effectively characterizes the effect of visual information on crowd evacuation and provides new insights into the information perception of individuals in complex scenarios. 展开更多
关键词 crowd evacuation visual information social force model DECISION-MAKING
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Constant evacuation time gap: Experimental study and modeling
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作者 郭宁 姜锐 +1 位作者 胡茂彬 丁建勋 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第12期167-172,共6页
In this paper, the evacuation dynamics in an artificial room with only one exit is investigated via experiments and modeling. Two sets of experiments are implemented, in which pedestrians are asked to escape individua... In this paper, the evacuation dynamics in an artificial room with only one exit is investigated via experiments and modeling. Two sets of experiments are implemented, in which pedestrians are asked to escape individually. It is found that the average evacuation time gap is essentially constant. To model the evacuation dynamics, an improved social force model is proposed, in which it is assumed that the driving force of a pedestrian cannot be performed when the resultant physical force exceeds a threshold. Simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental ones. 展开更多
关键词 evacuation dynamics social force model no driving force
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基于行人恐慌情绪解析的改进社会力模型
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作者 邓社军 虞宇浩 +3 位作者 张俊林 张超 钱付余 于世军 《中国安全科学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期45-52,共8页
为深入研究行人恐慌情绪对突发事件下群体疏散效率的影响特性,首先,考虑滞留时间、局部密度、行人与出口的距离、周围人员密度以及行人恐慌情绪传播等因素,解析并构建由自恐慌和恐慌传播2部分组成的行人恐慌情绪量化模型,并将其引入社... 为深入研究行人恐慌情绪对突发事件下群体疏散效率的影响特性,首先,考虑滞留时间、局部密度、行人与出口的距离、周围人员密度以及行人恐慌情绪传播等因素,解析并构建由自恐慌和恐慌传播2部分组成的行人恐慌情绪量化模型,并将其引入社会力模型中进行改进优化;然后,采用与经典现象对比的方法验证模型的有效性;最后,运用Anylogic软件进行仿真分析。结果表明:改进后的模型能够较好地反映行人在恐慌情形下的疏散运动特性;适度的恐慌情绪,如当恐慌度小于0.3时,可以加快人群的疏散速度;较高的恐慌情绪,如当恐慌值大于0.3时,则会加剧瓶颈现象,出现所谓的“快即是慢”现象,从而降低疏散效率。 展开更多
关键词 行人恐慌情绪 社会力模型 人群疏散 ANYLOGIC “快即是慢”
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服务机器人人机交互社会力模型研究
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作者 李洁 祝笑天 +1 位作者 张盛耕 郭士杰 《机械设计与制造》 北大核心 2024年第6期154-158,共5页
服务机器人在人机交互中应遵守人类社会规则,应用于人与人之间行为动态关系的传统社会力模型不能完全适用于机器人交互设计,机器人和人之间的动态交互塑造了全新的交互行为范式。通过实验测量室内交互场景下人与服务机器人的交互距离,... 服务机器人在人机交互中应遵守人类社会规则,应用于人与人之间行为动态关系的传统社会力模型不能完全适用于机器人交互设计,机器人和人之间的动态交互塑造了全新的交互行为范式。通过实验测量室内交互场景下人与服务机器人的交互距离,提出人机交互过程中情感“亲密力”的存在,实验结果发现人与机器人静态交互受亲密力和交互力影响、动态交互受亲密力和社会文化力影响、从动到静交互过程受亲密力和速度力影响,最终构建服务机器人人机交互社会力模型,为提升服务机器人人机交互体验提供理论依据。 展开更多
关键词 人机交互 服务机器人 社会力模型 交互距离 工业设计
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道路信号交叉口行人过街速度与延误估计仿真
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作者 张文会 徐海彬 《交通科技与经济》 2024年第1期24-33,共10页
为了探究信号交叉口行人群体过街速度和延误影响因素,采用无人机和地面机位从高空和地面获取交通视频,并利用Tracker物理影像分析软件对视频数据进行分析。从城市信号交叉口的微观角度出发,建立了传统社会力模型和改进社会力模型,通过... 为了探究信号交叉口行人群体过街速度和延误影响因素,采用无人机和地面机位从高空和地面获取交通视频,并利用Tracker物理影像分析软件对视频数据进行分析。从城市信号交叉口的微观角度出发,建立了传统社会力模型和改进社会力模型,通过仿真场景模拟了行人过街情况。利用哈尔滨市两个交叉路口的实际参数对仿真模型进行了标定。实验结果显示,当人行横道宽度从4 m增加至7 m过程中,传统社会力模型下的行人过街平均延误时间分别为4.22 s、3.47 s、2.57 s和2.28 s;改进社会力模型下的行人过街平均延误时间分别为3.56 s、2.91 s、2.78 s和2.26 s。经过对比验证发现,适当提升人行横道宽度使行人实际过街速度更接近期望速度,从而降低行人过街的延误时间。结果表明,通过增加人行横道宽度可以有效改善信号交叉口行人过街的效率。 展开更多
关键词 城市交通 行人过街仿真模型 改进社会力模型 行人过街 行人特性
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基于Anylogic的城市轨道交通客流仿真优化 被引量:2
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作者 侯科科 赵金宝 赵胜利 《山东理工大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2024年第3期35-41,共7页
轨道交通作为城市居民日常出行的主要交通方式之一,其车站的运营效率和服务水平对整个轨道交通线路网的顺畅运营起重要作用。针对我国地铁现存的问题,以轨道交通站点中的换乘站为研究对象,从乘客进站流畅性、优化方案的时效性、站内设... 轨道交通作为城市居民日常出行的主要交通方式之一,其车站的运营效率和服务水平对整个轨道交通线路网的顺畅运营起重要作用。针对我国地铁现存的问题,以轨道交通站点中的换乘站为研究对象,从乘客进站流畅性、优化方案的时效性、站内设施利用率3个方面对车站进行研究。利用Anylogic仿真软件建立济南地铁八涧堡换乘站的仿真模型,通过导入真实人流数据进行仿真模拟,针对各个瓶颈问题从站内设施布局和客流组织两方面提出科学合理的优化方案,并利用仿真实验对换乘方案进行检验。结果表明,通过研究站内人员、乘客、配套设施的集散状况,本文优化方案提高了车站面积和站内设施的利用率,消除了站内客流瓶颈,可有效缓解站内拥堵现象的产生并提高流线的流畅性,能为其他城市轨道交通换乘站优化提供决策性的支持。 展开更多
关键词 城市轨道交通 优化措施 Anylogic仿真 客流组织 社会力模型 评价指标
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深埋地铁电梯辅助大客流出站建模与分析
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作者 何姗姗 王巧 +6 位作者 施冬冬 黎志华 陈娟 王金伟 周晓菡 张聪 马剑 《中国安全生产科学技术》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第10期190-196,共7页
为提高大客流场景深埋地铁乘客出站效率,基于社会力模型开展大客流场景下深埋地铁电梯辅助乘客出站5类场景模拟仿真,深入研究乘客出站效率与电梯数量、电梯运行参数、位置布设和乘客选择电梯出站比例间的关系。研究结果表明:深埋地铁大... 为提高大客流场景深埋地铁乘客出站效率,基于社会力模型开展大客流场景下深埋地铁电梯辅助乘客出站5类场景模拟仿真,深入研究乘客出站效率与电梯数量、电梯运行参数、位置布设和乘客选择电梯出站比例间的关系。研究结果表明:深埋地铁大客流场景下通过电梯辅助可提高乘客出站效率;平均出站时间与电梯数量和电梯额定荷载呈三次多项式关系,与电梯额定运行速度呈幂律关系;电梯数量、额定荷载、额定运行速度单独分别增加大于3部、30人、5 m/s时,乘客的平均出站时间降低速度减慢;与未设置电梯场景相比,10%乘客选择乘坐电梯时,设置4部额定荷载与运行速度分别为15人和1 m/s的电梯时,平均出站时间最大缩短16%。研究结果有助于深埋地铁站客流管控与电梯出入口规划建设的决策。 展开更多
关键词 出站效率 电梯辅助 深埋地铁 社会力模型
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楼梯处行人行为对高层建筑应急疏散的影响研究 被引量:1
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作者 陈轶岚 汪澍 《安全》 2024年第5期1-6,共6页
为研究人员密集情况下楼梯处行人行为对应急疏散的影响,通过现场观测获得某9层建筑楼梯处行人的个体和群体移动特征和基本运动参数,采用社会力模型和Anylogic 8.3软件构建楼梯疏散模型,模拟研究建筑疏散用时和楼梯处拥堵情况。研究表明... 为研究人员密集情况下楼梯处行人行为对应急疏散的影响,通过现场观测获得某9层建筑楼梯处行人的个体和群体移动特征和基本运动参数,采用社会力模型和Anylogic 8.3软件构建楼梯疏散模型,模拟研究建筑疏散用时和楼梯处拥堵情况。研究表明:楼梯处行人行进速度与人流密度呈反比,上楼速度受人流密度影响较大,下楼时男女速度存在显著性差异,且男性行进速度离散型大于女性;楼梯中间平台是疏散过程中主要的拥堵地点;9层建筑的第四层为最大拥堵点,人员到达第四层向下疏散的用时明显加长,疏散压力较大。建议高层建筑疏散过程中在中间楼层设置疏散引导人员,做好对人群的引导和安抚工作。 展开更多
关键词 高层建筑 应急疏散 楼梯 行人特征 社会力模型
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基于社会力模型的油田作业人员安全疏散研究
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作者 同霄 徐文龙 +1 位作者 姜伟光 李云昊 《安全》 2024年第8期1-6,共6页
为提高油田开发过程中发生溢流井喷等突发事件时的应急疏散能力,基于社会力模型构建油田井场作业现场的仿真环境,并对疏散过程进行计算和分析。首先,将压裂队、试油队等作业人员按工作区布置,模拟从作业点撤离至应急出口的疏散过程;然后... 为提高油田开发过程中发生溢流井喷等突发事件时的应急疏散能力,基于社会力模型构建油田井场作业现场的仿真环境,并对疏散过程进行计算和分析。首先,将压裂队、试油队等作业人员按工作区布置,模拟从作业点撤离至应急出口的疏散过程;然后,分析疏散过程中的拥堵节点,优化井场布局;最后,计算优化后的疏散过程,评估优化效果。结果表明:该方法能够计算作业人员的实际疏散速度,能有效评估应急疏散效果;井场布局优化后,疏散时间减少7s,总疏散时间缩短17.1%,作业人员的疏散效率显著提升。 展开更多
关键词 油田作业人员 人员疏散 疏散效率 社会力模型
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基于危险源影响的异构人群疏散模型
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作者 李瑞强 曹锐 +1 位作者 曹若琛 刘思愿 《中国安全生产科学技术》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第9期227-232,共6页
为研究危险情况下人群疏散的特点,结合社会力模型,考虑个体差异的前提下,提出1种基于异构的情绪感染模型的人群疏散仿真方法,根据个体的性格、性别、文化程度的特征将个体差异化,并且利用上述特征差异化计算不同的个体在危险情况下的恐... 为研究危险情况下人群疏散的特点,结合社会力模型,考虑个体差异的前提下,提出1种基于异构的情绪感染模型的人群疏散仿真方法,根据个体的性格、性别、文化程度的特征将个体差异化,并且利用上述特征差异化计算不同的个体在危险情况下的恐慌程度,进而改进社会力模型中行人力的计算。研究结果表明:个体人数较少时,危险源会缩短疏散时间;危险源的不同位置对个体疏散时间也有一定的影响,处在密闭空间中心附近的危险源会增加个体疏散时间,其他位置的危险源会减少个体疏散时间;面对紧张情况,男性和较高文化程度的个体会更加从容地面对紧张情况。研究结果可为危险情况下行人疏散提供指导作用。 展开更多
关键词 人群疏散 社会力模型 异构 危险源
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雨天过街行人流自组织行为特性及其仿真建模
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作者 杨海飞 卢素情 +3 位作者 李昀轩 陈娴 王柳 古乐 《交通信息与安全》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期136-146,共11页
为改善降雨环境下城市过街设施的交通安全与效率,研究了雨天行人流过街的自组织行为特性并对其进行仿真建模。结合现场采集的晴、雨天行人流过街轨迹数据,对比分析常见中、小雨天气下过街行人流的速度统计分布、避让位移偏量以及空间溢... 为改善降雨环境下城市过街设施的交通安全与效率,研究了雨天行人流过街的自组织行为特性并对其进行仿真建模。结合现场采集的晴、雨天行人流过街轨迹数据,对比分析常见中、小雨天气下过街行人流的速度统计分布、避让位移偏量以及空间溢出幅度;在此基础上通过改进社会力模型建立雨天行人流过街运动模型;应用实测数据标定模型参数并进行仿真验证。特性分析结果显示:雨天行人流过街速度在0.5~1.25 m/s区间的占比较晴天增加了58.80%,而在1.25~2.0 m/s区间占比降低了24.37%,表明其分布向低速范围显著偏移(p<0.001),同时由于未撑伞或溢出行人的紧迫心理,仍有8.05%的行人以2.0~2.5 m/s的较高步速过街;雨天对向行人避让的位移偏量较晴天平均增幅达46.80%,其整体趋势显著增大(p<0.001);雨天行人流空间溢出的临界过街等待人数和人流量较晴天分别下降7人与3人/分钟,溢出幅度为5.07%~24.80%。仿真验证结果表明:所建立的行人流过街运动模型,其模拟的雨天行人过街轨迹精度与晴天达到同量级,其中晴天单向前行与对向避让轨迹均方根误差分别为0.245和0.483,而雨天则为0.329和0.702;模拟的过街速度统计分布与实测分布无显著差异(晴天p=0.620,雨天p=0.649),且能够还原未撑伞或溢出行人的高速过街行为;模拟典型场景下雨天行人流溢出幅度与实测值的绝对误差为2.08%,而晴天均未发生溢出现象,与实测结果相符。 展开更多
关键词 交通安全 过街行人流 社会力模型 仿真 降雨
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