The activities of all 1513 individuals who visited a public hunting and fishing area near Spearfish, South Dakota, USA, were recorded from May 16 to August 16, 2006. Over the entire period, slightly less than 60% of t...The activities of all 1513 individuals who visited a public hunting and fishing area near Spearfish, South Dakota, USA, were recorded from May 16 to August 16, 2006. Over the entire period, slightly less than 60% of the visitors were engaged in fishing, and they accounted for nearly 80% of the total visitation time. Over 40% of the visitors were primarily there for non-consumptive (not hunting or fishing) reasons, including touring (sight-seeing), dog training and exercising, and swimming. Less than 1% of the visitors were there for photography. The percentage of visitors fishing decreased from a high of over 65% in the first 31-day period to less than 50% in the third 31-day period, with nearly all of the non-consumptive activities showing a reverse trend. The percentage of visitors swimming or conducting dog activities doubled from the first to third periods. The percentage of time that visitors spent fishing decreased over time, while the time spent on non-consumptive activities increased. However, the increase in non-consumptive activity time was not necessarily in proportion to the increase in the number of visitors involved with non-consumptive activities. By the final period, more visitors were at the area for touring, dogs, and swimming, than for fishing, but fishing still accounted for most of the visitation time. These results indicate an abundance of non-consumptive activities on a public area purchased and maintained with revenue from consumptive hunting and fishing activities, creating the opportunity for user conflicts and potentially threatening the user-pay model of natural resource conservation.展开更多
The Crna River is a river in the Republic of Macedonia, right tributary to Vardar. Its source is in the mountains of Western Macedonia, west of Krusevo. It flows through the village of Sopotnica, and southwards throug...The Crna River is a river in the Republic of Macedonia, right tributary to Vardar. Its source is in the mountains of Western Macedonia, west of Krusevo. It flows through the village of Sopotnica, and southwards through the plains east of Bitola. The name means ＂black river＂ in Macedonian, which is translation for its former Thracian name. The purpose of this paper is to show the hunting and hunting areas for big and small Game （food）, the structure of the areas of certain hunting, fishing, fishing water objects, fish species, fishponds up to 20 years shown by municipalities and individual farms with ponds in the basin of Black River. It had used statistical data for the hunting grounds by areas, fishing ponds. Fish is very diverse in this river. Hunting in the Black River basin is of great importance for the economy of Republic of Macedonia. It is also a necessary factor for development of other economic activities.展开更多
在节能减排的时代背景下,作为第四代照明光源,LED灯被越来越多的人所关注和研究。通过与传统金卤灯光源比较,LED集鱼灯具有水中穿透能力强,节能环保,且能瞬间点灯、熄灯、闪灯等优点,便于生产控制。笔者与福建嘉能光电有限公司合作,在...在节能减排的时代背景下,作为第四代照明光源,LED灯被越来越多的人所关注和研究。通过与传统金卤灯光源比较,LED集鱼灯具有水中穿透能力强,节能环保,且能瞬间点灯、熄灯、闪灯等优点,便于生产控制。笔者与福建嘉能光电有限公司合作,在当前大量学者对LED集鱼灯技术数据的分析的基础上,根据自身的技术力量研究开发新一代300 W LED集鱼灯,并安装于实船上赴北大西洋渔场,进行实际生产效果对比试验,进一步总结分析数据,研究开发适合光诱渔船的LED集鱼节能灯。LED集鱼灯具有相当广的发展市场,它的推广使用将会对我国未来渔业发展有着非常重要的意义。展开更多
文摘The activities of all 1513 individuals who visited a public hunting and fishing area near Spearfish, South Dakota, USA, were recorded from May 16 to August 16, 2006. Over the entire period, slightly less than 60% of the visitors were engaged in fishing, and they accounted for nearly 80% of the total visitation time. Over 40% of the visitors were primarily there for non-consumptive (not hunting or fishing) reasons, including touring (sight-seeing), dog training and exercising, and swimming. Less than 1% of the visitors were there for photography. The percentage of visitors fishing decreased from a high of over 65% in the first 31-day period to less than 50% in the third 31-day period, with nearly all of the non-consumptive activities showing a reverse trend. The percentage of visitors swimming or conducting dog activities doubled from the first to third periods. The percentage of time that visitors spent fishing decreased over time, while the time spent on non-consumptive activities increased. However, the increase in non-consumptive activity time was not necessarily in proportion to the increase in the number of visitors involved with non-consumptive activities. By the final period, more visitors were at the area for touring, dogs, and swimming, than for fishing, but fishing still accounted for most of the visitation time. These results indicate an abundance of non-consumptive activities on a public area purchased and maintained with revenue from consumptive hunting and fishing activities, creating the opportunity for user conflicts and potentially threatening the user-pay model of natural resource conservation.
文摘The Crna River is a river in the Republic of Macedonia, right tributary to Vardar. Its source is in the mountains of Western Macedonia, west of Krusevo. It flows through the village of Sopotnica, and southwards through the plains east of Bitola. The name means ＂black river＂ in Macedonian, which is translation for its former Thracian name. The purpose of this paper is to show the hunting and hunting areas for big and small Game （food）, the structure of the areas of certain hunting, fishing, fishing water objects, fish species, fishponds up to 20 years shown by municipalities and individual farms with ponds in the basin of Black River. It had used statistical data for the hunting grounds by areas, fishing ponds. Fish is very diverse in this river. Hunting in the Black River basin is of great importance for the economy of Republic of Macedonia. It is also a necessary factor for development of other economic activities.
文摘在节能减排的时代背景下,作为第四代照明光源,LED灯被越来越多的人所关注和研究。通过与传统金卤灯光源比较,LED集鱼灯具有水中穿透能力强,节能环保,且能瞬间点灯、熄灯、闪灯等优点,便于生产控制。笔者与福建嘉能光电有限公司合作,在当前大量学者对LED集鱼灯技术数据的分析的基础上,根据自身的技术力量研究开发新一代300 W LED集鱼灯,并安装于实船上赴北大西洋渔场,进行实际生产效果对比试验,进一步总结分析数据,研究开发适合光诱渔船的LED集鱼节能灯。LED集鱼灯具有相当广的发展市场,它的推广使用将会对我国未来渔业发展有着非常重要的意义。
