Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma-a rare entity in the oral cavity: A case report

BACKGROUND Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma(HCCC)is an uncommon tumor that originates in the salivary glands.This neoplasia constitutes less than 1%of minor salivary gland tumors.CASE SUMMARY A 67-year-old female visited the maxillofacial surgery department owing to a smooth,slightly yellowish protruding mass on the left side of the floor of the mouth,at the level of the molars;the tumor mass had a soft consistency on palpation and did not adhere to deep planes.The microscopical analysis of the excisional biopsy showed that the lesion was composed of sheets and cords of clear cells separated by thick eosinophilic bands of hyaline collagen.Normal glandular tissue was absent,periodic acid-Schiff with and without diastase stains,and immunohistochemical reactions were performed to confirm the diagnosis.This is the second case reported in the literature of HCCC arising in the floor of the mouth.CONCLUSION HCCC is a rare salivary gland tumor that has not been studied extensively.Its diagnosis is usually challenging,because clinically,it can be confused with a benign neoplasm.

Pulmonary Hyalinizing Granuloma: A Case Report

Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma (PHG) is a rare nodular disease of unknown etiology. PHG can present with solitary or bilateral lung nodules and be asymptomatic or present with fever, cough, dyspnea, chest pain and hemoptysis.

Hyalinizing trabecular tumor and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid

Background Hyalinizing trabecular tumor （HTT） is a rare thyroid neoplasm, which shares some histologic features with thyroid papillary carcinoma （TPC）. Clinically, it is frequently misdiagnosed as papillary carcinoma, even for some experienced pathologists. The aim of this study was to investigate whether HTT is variant of TPC or HTT is an independent entity of thyroid neoplasm.Methods The expression of CK19, galectin-3, HBME-1 and MIB-1 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in 12 cases of hyalinizing trabecular tumor and 20 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma.Results Two of the 12 HTT samples were positive or focally positive for CK19. Four of the 12 samples of HTT presented positive to galectin-3; 3 were stained strongly and the other one was focally positive. None of the 12 samples of HTT was positive for HBME-1. Five in 12 HTT samples were stained in nucleus for MIB-1. Almost all the 20 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma were intensely stained for CK19, galectin-3 and HBME-1. Fifteen in 20 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma showed nuclear staining for MIB-1.Conclusions HTT is an independent thyroid neoplasm, not a variant of TPC. This study could help in the differential diagnosis of HTT from TPC. CK19, galectin-3 and HBME-1 are adequate to identify HTT and TPC, but MIB-1 does not play an important role in discrimination between HTT and TPC.

Clinicopathologic features of pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor of soft parts

Background Pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor （PHAT） of soft parts is a rare soft tissue tumor, which is generally considered low-grade. To distinguish the tumor from other soft tissue lesions, we analyzed the clinicopathologic and ultrastructural features, immunophenotypes, and flow cytometric DNA ploidy of PHAT in 9 cases. Methods PHAT specimens were collected from 9 patients with PHAT from 1990 to 2004. Each specimen was cut into pieces and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin, Prussian blue, and Masson trichrome, respectively. Immunohistochemical stains for vimentin, S-100 protein, CD34, CD31, CD99, VEGF, desmin, CDl17, α-SMA, and MIB-1 were performed with the Envision system. Flow cytometry was used in four specimens, two of which were observed by electron microscopy. Results In the 9 cases, the PHAT occurred at the lower extremity in 2 patients, inguinal in 2, waist in 1, forearm in 1, buttock in 1, foot in 1, and the chest wall in 1. All the lesions presented in the superficial subcutaneous tissues. Follow-up data were available in 7 of the patients, among whom 2 （28.6%） had recurrence after primary therapy. Microscopically, typical PHAT was characterized by sheet-like proliferation of spindle or pleomorphic cells and clusters of thin-walled hyalinized cstatic vessels. In some areas of the tumor, hemosiderin-laden spindle cells, numerous small single vessels, and myxoid extracellular matrix could be identified, indicating an ＂atypical PHAT＂. Mitotic figures were rare in all the cases In 5 of the 9 patients （55.6%）, the tumor was typical PHAT; and in the other 4 （44.4%）, typical and atypical PHAT coexisted. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin, CD34, CD99, and VEGF, but negative for S-100 protein, desmin, SMA, and CD31. In all the cases, the MIB-1 proliferative activity of the neoplastic cells was lower than 2%. Ultrastructural analysis did not reveal any evidence of specific differentiation. Aneuploidy was not detected by flow cytometry. Conclusions Histologically, typical PHAT is characterized by spindle and pleomorphic cells associated with an angiectatic vasculature. The neoplastic cells often express vimentin and CD34, and may be positive for CD99 and VEGF. Ultrastructurally, the tumor usually has no specific differentiation. The low MIB-1 index and the absence of aneuploidy in PHAT indicate a non-malignancy. However, we consider the tumor as a borderline neoplasm because of its aggressive behaviour, and suggest wide local resection with tumor-free margin for the treatment of the disease.

Molecular Particularity in Rare Tumour of Buttock: Case Report and Literature Review

Introduction: Hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes (HSCT) is a very uncommon mesenchymal tumor that has similar morphological and biological features to the low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS). Case Report: Reported herein is a case of primary tumour of buttock HSCT that had rare FUS-CREB3L1 fusion transcripts, a product of characteristic chromosomal abnormality t (7;16) (q33;p11) of HSCT and LGFMS. The patient was a 48-year-old man who had a large solitary mass in the buttock. Histologically, it was composed of bland spindle cells with variable cellularity deposited in a densely hyalinized stroma alternating with myxoid areas. Characteristic collagen rosettes were scattered in the cellular areas. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue detected FUS-CREB3L1 fusion transcripts. In our knowledge is the second case may display a variant FUS/CREB3L1 fusion transcript in international literature. Conclusion: LGFMS and HSCT probably have a wider spectrum of morphologic features than previously thought, the awareness of which will help pathologists to avoid diagnostic pitfalls. Demonstration of the t (7;16) translocation will help to diagnose difficult cases with unusual histologic features.

彩色多普勒超声联合三维Hyaline玉影成像对子宫假性动脉瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声联合三维Hyaline成像对子宫假性动脉瘤(UAP)的诊断价值。资料与方法前瞻性纳入2019年3月—2021年5月四川省妇幼保健院利用彩色多普勒超声结合三维Hyaline玉影成像诊断UAP患者7例,其中1例经MRI证实,6例经MRI及子宫动脉造影证实,观察瘤体的大小及形态,获得瘤腔立体三维图像,观察病灶空间关系、表面轮廓、瘤腔、动脉破口(即瘤颈)、载瘤动脉走行、来源。结果超声诊断的7例UAP中,6例经MRI及子宫动脉造影证实并行介入栓塞治疗,1例经MRI证实,自愈。7例灰阶超声均显示子宫肌层见囊性团块,呈圆形或椭圆形,壁薄,边界清楚,内可见红细胞自发显影。彩色多普勒超声显示瘤腔内红蓝相间的漩涡状血流信号,脉冲多普勒可探及高速低阻血流频谱。三维Hyaline玉影成像清晰显示瘤体立体结构、与周围组织的关系、表面轮廓、瘤颈和载瘤动脉走行及来源。结论彩色多普勒联合三维Hyaline玉影成像有助于全面把握UAP的疾病信息,具有一定的临床应用价值。

A rare case of hyaline-type Castleman disease in the liver

Castleman disease often develops in the neck, mediastinum and pulmonary hilum. Its onset in the peritoneal cavity is very rare. The patient, a woman in her 70s, was referred to our department for a detailed examination of an abdominal mass. On abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, a mass approximately 15 mm in diameter was noted in the hepatic S6. We attempted radical treatment and conducted a laparoscope-assisted right lobectomy. On the basis of histopathological findings, the patient was diagnosed as having hyaline type Castleman disease in the liver, a very rare condition.

Regeneration of Hyaline Cartilage Using a Mechanically-Tuned Chondrocyte-Seeded Biomimetic Tissue-Engineered 3D Scaffold: A Theoretical Approach

The limited ability of cartilage tissue to repair itself poses a functionally impairing health problem. While many treatment methods are available, full restoration of the tissue to its original state is rare. Often, complete joint replacement surgery is required to obtain long-term relief. Tissue engineering approaches, however, provide new opportunities for cartilage replacement. They seek to provide mechanisms to repair or replace lost tissue or function. A theoretical method is presented here for regenerating hyaline cartilage in vitro using a chondrocyte-seeded three-dimensional biomimetic engineered scaffold with mechanical properties similar to those occurring naturally. The scaffold composition, type II collagen, aggrecan, hyaluronan, hyaluronan binding protein (for link protein), and BMP-7, were chosen to encourage synthesis of hyaline cartilage by providing a more native environment and signaling cue for the seeded chondrocytes. The scaffold components mimic the macrofibrillar collagen network found in articular cartilage. Type II collagen provides tensile strength, and aggrecan, the predominant proteoglycan, provides compressive strength.

Muscular disease

930603 Ultrastructural study of the thymus inpatients with myasthenia gravis.LI Shixiao(李世校),et al.Henan Med Univ,Zhengzhou,450052.Chin J Intern Med 1993;32(5):310-311.The ultrastructure of the thymus gland fromten patients with myasthenia gravis was studiedand compared with that from three normal sub-jects.Thymic tissue in myasthenia gravis showedinflammatory reaction chracterized by presence ofneutrophils and macrophages,plasma cell infil-tration,epithelial reticular cell hyperplasia。

Photo-cross-linked scaffold with kartogenin-encapsulated nanoparticles for cartilage regeneration

With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Jiang Qing(蒋青)at the Joint Rsearch Center for Bone and Joint Disease,Model Animal Research Center,Nanjing University,cooperated with Prof.Gu Zhen’s team from the Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering,

床旁CR在新生儿肺透明膜病的应用

新生儿肺透明膜病（hyaline membrane syndrome HMD）又称新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征,系指出生后不久即出现进行性呼吸困难、皮肤黏膜青紫、呼吸性呻吟、吸气性三凹征等症状。主要见于早产儿[1],因肺表面活性物质不足导致进行性肺不张。本文回顾性分析本院2008年7月至2014年7月具有完整资料的HMD患儿20例,着重探讨其床旁CR影像表现,以提高对本病诊断水平。

Appressorial interactions with host and their evolution

Fungi have evolved diverse strategies to acquire nutrients as endophytes,saprobes,symbionts,or pathogens.Appressoria have been intensively studied due to their importance in attaching and breaching the host surface.These specialized infection structures have evolved into various morpho-types:proto-appressoria,hyaline appressoria,melanized(dark)appressoria,and compound appressoria.In this review,we discuss the differences in the formation,differentiation,and function of appres-soria among fungi with diverse life strategies.Using DNA sequence information,LSU,5.8S,SSU and rpb2 gene fragments,we reconstructed the ancestral states for appressorial types in the main phyla of fungi and fungus-like organisms and found that the hyaline appressoria was the most ancestral form.Our analysis estimated proto-appressoria diversification during the Mesozoic period(92-239 million years ago),however,its origin remains inconclusive.Our data suggest that these hyaline appressoria diversified into melanized or compound appressoria,with evidence of adaptive radiation.

POEMS syndrome associated with Castleman disease:a case report and literature review

Polyneuropathy,organomegaly,endocrinopathy,M proteins,and skin changes(POEMS)syndrome is a multisystemic disorder that clinically manifests as paraneoplastic and monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia.Its acronym is derived from its principal characteristics:polyneuropathy,organomegaly,endocrinopathy,M proteins,and skin changes.Here,the authors reported a case of POEMS syndrome that was also associated with Castleman disease.A 53-year-old female patient was admitted to our hospital with limb weakness,numbness,edema,abdominal distention,and fever.Physical examination revealed tetraplegia,paraesthesia,and hyporeflexia in all four limbs,in addition to lymphadenectasis,splenomegaly,skin hyperpigmentation,hypertrichosis,and pitting edema.Laboratory tests and imaging revealed thrombocytosis,hypothyroidism,diabetes,hydropericardium,hydrothorax,splenomegaly,and lymphadenectasis.Electromyography showed the characteristic patterns of both demyelinating disease and axonal degeneration.Serum protein electrophoresis revealed monoclonal immunoglobulin G-lambda paraproteins.Histological examination clearly diagnosed the disease as the hyaline vascular subtype.The final diagnosis in this case was POEMS syndrome in association with Castleman disease.

The clinicopathological analysis of pulmonary parenchymal involvement of multicentric giant lymph node hyperplasia( Castleman's disease)

Objective To observe the clinicopathological features of pulmonary parenchymal involvement of multicentric Castleman’s disease(MCD).Methods Retrospective analysis was carried out for 6 patients of MCD with pulmonary parenchymal involvement who had been admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from July 2008to March 2013.Relevant literatures were reviewed.The diagnosis was established by surgical lung biopsy and

Clinical and pathology features of idiopathic membranous nephropathy accompanied by mesangial dense deposit

Objective To investigate clinical and pathological features of idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN)accompanied by mesangial dense deposit.Methods Clinical data of 46 patients who were diagnosed as IMN accompanied by mesangial dense deposit admitted to Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2013

CT and MRI features and pathological charateristics of retroperitoneal localized Castleman's disease

Objective To analyze the CT and MRI findings and pathological characteristics of retroperitoneal localized Castleman’s disease and discuss the diagnostic and differential value of CT and MRI.Methods CT,MRI and clinical data of retroperitoneal localized Castleman’s disease,proved by surgery and pathology,13 patients were reviewed.Among them,all the 13 cases received CT,and4 cases received MRI examination.Results Among

Renal cell carcinoma with t(6;11 )( p21.2;q13) / MALAT1-TFEB fusion:a clinical and pathological analysis

Objective To study the clinicopathologic features,immunophenotype,differential diagnosis and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma(RCC)associated with t(6;11)(p21.2;q13)/MALAT1-TEEB gene fusion.Methods A total of 9 cases with such rare tumor were selected for clinicopathologic,immunohistochemical and