Hybrid Neural Network Model for RH Vacuum Refining Process Control

A hybrid neural network model,in which RH process(theoretical)model is combined organically with neural network(NN)and case-base reasoning(CBR),was established.The CBR method was used to select the operation mode and the RH operational guide parameters for different steel grades according to the initial conditions of molten steel,and a three-layer BP neural network was adopted to deal with nonlinear factors for improving and compensating the limitations of technological model for RH process control and end-point prediction.It was verified that the hybrid neural network is effective for improving the precision and calculation efficiency of the model.

Dynamics Modeling and Robust Trajectory Tracking Control for a Class of Hybrid Humanoid Arm Based on Neural Network

In order to solve the problem of trajectory tracking for a class of novel serial-parallel hybrid humanoid arm（HHA）, which has parameters uncertainty, frictions, disturbance, abrasion and pulse forces derived from motors, a multistep dynamics modeling strategy is proposed and a robust controller based on neural network（NN）-adaptive algorithm is designed. At the first step of dynamics modeling, the dynamics model of the reduced HHA is established by Lagrange method. At the second step of dynamics modeling, the parameter uncertain part resulting mainly from the idealization of the HHA is learned by adaptive algorithm. In the trajectory tracking controller, the radial basis function（RBF） NN, whose optimal weights are learned online by adaptive algorithm, is used to learn the upper limit function of the total uncertainties including frictions, disturbances, abrasion and pulse forces. To a great extent, the conservatism of this robust trajectory tracking controller is reduced, and by this controller the HHA can impersonate mostly human actions. The proof and simulation results testify the validity of the adaptive strategy for parameter learning and the neural network-adaptive strategy for the trajectory tracking control.

A hybrid model for short-term rainstorm forecasting based on a back-propagation neural network and synoptic diagnosis

暴雨是我国最重要的自然灾害之一.大量的研究表明,暴雨的频率和强度在全球变暖的背景下正在逐年增强.但是如何成功的预测短期暴雨,特别是发生在复杂地形下的暴雨,仍然是一个巨大的挑战.本项研究采用BP神经网络和天气学诊断相结合的方法,探索了一种四川盆地西部复杂地形下的暴雨预报模型.该模型有效改善了喇叭口地形下,受低层偏东风影响的暴雨预报准确性.机器学习与天气学理论的结合,提升了模型的物理基础和预测成功率,同时该方法也为发展具有本地特征的暴雨预报客观工具,提供了一定的参考价值.

Hybrid dynamic model of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack using variable neural network

The polymer electrolyte membrane（PEM） fuel cell has been regarded as a potential alternative power source,and a model is necessary for its design,control and power management.A hybrid dynamic model of PEM fuel cell,which combines the advantages of mechanism model and black-box model,is proposed in this paper.To improve the performance,the static neural network and variable neural network are used to build the black-box model.The static neural network can significantly improve the static performance of the hybrid model,and the variable neural network makes the hybrid dynamic model predict the real PEM fuel cell behavior with required accuracy.Finally,the hybrid dynamic model is validated with a 500 W PEM fuel cell.The static and transient experiment results show that the hybrid dynamic model can predict the behavior of the fuel cell stack accurately and therefore can be effectively utilized in practical application.

Hybrid partial least squares and neural network approach for short-term electrical load forecasting

Intelligent systems and methods such as the neural network （NN） are usually used in electric power systems for short-term electrical load forecasting. However, a vast amount of electrical load data is often redundant, and linearly or nonlinearly correlated with each other. Highly correlated input data can result in erroneous prediction results given out by an NN model. Besides this, the determination of the topological structure of an NN model has always been a problem for designers. This paper presents a new artificial intelligence hybrid procedure for next day electric load forecasting based on partial least squares （PLS） and NN. PLS is used for the compression of data input space, and helps to determine the structure of the NN model. The hybrid PLS-NN model can be used to predict hourly electric load on weekdays and weekends. The advantage of this methodology is that the hybrid model can provide faster convergence and more precise prediction results in comparison with abductive networks algorithm. Extensive testing on the electrical load data of the Puget power utility in the USA confirms the validity of the proposed approach.

Software Defect Prediction Using Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques: A Comparative Study

When a customer uses the software, then it is possible to occur defects that can be removed in the updated versions of the software. Hence, in the present work, a robust examination of cross-project software defect prediction is elaborated through an innovative hybrid machine learning framework. The proposed technique combines an advanced deep neural network architecture with ensemble models such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and XGBoost. The study evaluates the performance by considering multiple software projects like CM1, JM1, KC1, and PC1 using datasets from the PROMISE Software Engineering Repository. The three hybrid models that are compared are Hybrid Model-1 (SVM, RandomForest, XGBoost, Neural Network), Hybrid Model-2 (GradientBoosting, DecisionTree, LogisticRegression, Neural Network), and Hybrid Model-3 (KNeighbors, GaussianNB, Support Vector Classification (SVC), Neural Network), and the Hybrid Model 3 surpasses the others in terms of recall, F1-score, accuracy, ROC AUC, and precision. The presented work offers valuable insights into the effectiveness of hybrid techniques for cross-project defect prediction, providing a comparative perspective on early defect identification and mitigation strategies. .

Exponential synchronization of general chaotic delayed neural networks via hybrid feedback

This paper investigates the exponential synchronization problem of some chaotic delayed neural networks based on the proposed general neural network model,which is the interconnection of a linear delayed dynamic system and a bounded static nonlinear operator,and covers several well-known neural networks,such as Hopfield neural networks,cellular neural networks(CNNs),bidirectional associative memory(BAM)networks,recurrent multilayer perceptrons(RMLPs).By virtue of Lyapunov-Krasovskii stability theory and linear matrix inequality(LMI)technique,some exponential synchronization criteria are derived.Using the drive-response concept,hybrid feedback controllers are designed to synchronize two identical chaotic neural networks based on those synchronization criteria.Finally,detailed comparisons with existing results are made and numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the established synchronization laws.

Hybrid control based on inverse Prandtl-Ishlinskii model for magnetic shape memory alloy actuator

The hysteresis characteristic is the major deficiency in the positioning control of magnetic shape memory alloy actuator. A Prandtl-Ishlinskii model was developed to characterize the hysteresis of magnetic shape memory alloy actuator. Based on the proposed Prandtl-Ishlinskii model, the inverse Prandtl-Ishlinskii model was established as a feedforward controller to compensate the hysteresis of the magnetic shape memory alloy actuator. For further improving of the positioning precision of the magnetic shape memory alloy actuator, a hybrid control method with hysteresis nonlinear model in feedforward loop was proposed. The control method is separated into two parts: a feedforward loop with inverse Prandtl-Ishlinskii model and a feedback loop with neural network controller. To validate the validity of the proposed control method, a series of simulations and experiments were researched. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the maximum error rate of open loop controller based on inverse PI model is 1.72%, the maximum error rate of the hybrid controller based on inverse PI model is 1.37%.

Hybrid optimization model of product concepts

Deficiencies of applying the simple genetic algorithm to generate concepts were specified. Based on analyzing conceptual design and the morphological matrix of an excavator, the hybrid optimization model of generating its concepts was proposed, viz. an improved adaptive genetic algorithm was applied to explore the excavator concepts in the searching space of conceptual design, and a neural network was used to evaluate the fitness of the population. The optimization of generating concepts was finished through the “evolutionevaluation” iteration. The results show that by using the hybrid optimization model, not only the fitness evaluation and constraint conditions are well processed, but also the search precision and convergence speed of the optimization process are greatly improved. An example is presented to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method and associated algorithms.

New hybrid model of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Model and simulation are good tools for design optimization of fuel cell systems. This paper proposes a new hybrid model of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The hybrid model includes physical component and black-box com-ponent. The physical component represents the well-known part of PEMFC, while artificial neural network (ANN) component estimates the poorly known part of PEMFC. The ANN model can compensate the performance of the physical model. This hybrid model is implemented on Matlab/Simulink software. The hybrid model shows better accuracy than that of the physical model and ANN model. Simulation results suggest that the hybrid model can be used as a suitable and accurate model for PEMFC.

船载投料系统饲料颗粒流落点预测

【目的】为解决网箱养殖中使用船载投料系统的饲料颗粒流落点控制问题,提出一种用于实时分割饲料颗粒流轨迹并精确预测其落点的方法(MLBP)。【方法】考虑到输料管管内参数及饲料颗粒流出口参数获取难度较大,本研究采用高速相机获取饲料颗粒流轨迹图像,并利用提出的混合网络模型分割饲料颗粒流轨迹,以获取轨迹关键信息;为准确预测饲料颗粒流落点,利用BP神经网络的优势,将轨迹信息及投料口高度作为其输入,实现饲料颗粒流落点的预测。【结果】与相关研究方法对比,结合混合网络模型与BP神经网络的MLBP方法的系统单次运行时间降低95%,同时落点预测准确度达到96%,落点的平均误差范围与平均误差百分比也分别降低32.0%和30.5%。【结论】本研究提出的MLBP方法预测精度及实时性均能满足网箱投饵作业需求,可为相关研究提供参考。

基于混合神经网络模型的低速率网络入侵检测研究

针对低速率入侵,常规的入侵检测方法能力不足,虚警率、漏警率偏高。为保证网络安全,提出一种基于混合神经网络模型的低速率网络入侵检测方法。利用NetFlow技术采集网络流量数据,对网络流量数据进行过滤和图像化处理。搭建由卷积神经网络和人工神经网络构成的混合神经网络模型,利用卷积神经网络提取网络流量数据的图像提取特征,利用人工神经网络检测网络入侵类型。结果表明:提出方法的虚警率、漏警率低于Transformer入侵检测方法、栈式自编码-长短期记忆(SAE-LSTM)检测方法和萤火虫优化(GSO)-基分类器检测方法,尤其在入侵速率更低(2 Mb/s)的情况下,所表现出的检测能力更为突出,说明针对低速率网络入侵问题,基于混合神经网络模型的检测方法的检测能力更强,检测结果更为准确。

基于混合模型的异构无人机蜂群效能评估

为实现无人机蜂群效能的快速评估,提出一种基于ADC(availability dependability capability)系统效能评估和BP神经网络预测的混合模型,以应对无人机蜂群配置和状态的多样性以及效能计算的复杂性。在分析蜂群效能构成要素的基础上,建立包含无人机通用平台能力,系统级能力,以及任务执行能力的能力指标体系。利用ADC法生成蜂群作战效能样本集合,运用BP神经网络构建关于无人机参数和能力指标的综合作战效能评估模型。利用该评估模型实现异构无人机蜂群实例的综合作战效能评估。结果表明:该模型评估误差可达5%以下,基于样本的评估时间可达3h以内,验证了该模型在异构无人机蜂群效能评估中的有效性及高效性。同时,通过分析数量、配置对无人机蜂群综合效能的影响,获得了异构无人机蜂群配置的可行建议。

基于空间域图像生成和混合卷积神经网络的配电网故障选线方法

传统的配电网故障选线方法大多基于一维零序电流序列构建故障诊断模型,单一的诊断模型往往限制了故障特征的深层挖掘。为了提高故障选线的准确率,提出一种基于空间域图像和混合卷积神经网络的配电网故障选线方法。首先,利用优化的降噪光滑模型对零序电流信号进行降噪处理,减少外界环境的电磁干扰。其次,利用对称希尔伯特变换将一维时域信号转成二维空间域图像,图像的颜色、形状和纹理特征能够充分反映当前系统的运行状态。最后,将一维时域信号和二维空间域图像同步作为混合卷积神经网络的输入,充分挖掘系统的故障特征,利用Sigmoid函数实现故障选线。在辐射状配电网、IEEE-13节点模型、IEEE-34节点、StarSim仿真平台上模型上进行了实验验证。实验结果表明,该选线方法可以有效克服传统方法过度依赖主观特征选择、抗噪性能差等问题,能够在高阻接地、采样时间不同步、两点接地故障等极端情况下可靠地筛选出故障线路。

一种基于粒子群优化BP神经网络技术的震后压埋人员手机定位方法

近年全球地震灾害频发,如何快速准确定位压埋人员方位是震后搜救工作中的重点和难点。本文提出的基于粒子群优化BP神经网络技术震后压埋人员手机定位方法,通过对压埋手机的定位,间接定位到被压埋人员。利用WiFi探针捕捉被压埋手机发出的接收信号强度数据,采用高斯-卡尔曼混合滤波对数据进行处理。以粒子群优化BP神经网络解算出的压埋距离为基础,融合对数衰减模型与多项式衰减模型,建立多衰减模型融合的压埋距离修正模型,获取更为精确的压埋距离。通过加权六点质心定位算法求解压埋手机位置。实验结果表明:多衰减模型融合的压埋距离修正模型定位误差为0.579 m,相较于单一的信道衰减模型与神经网络,定位精度分别提升43.5%、30.9%和12.7%。

基于CA-GRU的污水处理厂出水总氮浓度预测研究

为了精确预测污水处理厂出水总氮浓度,以呼玛县某污水处理厂公开监测的污水出水水质数据为样本进行了研究。提出了一种基于卷积注意-门控循环单元(CA-GRU)网络的混合模型。首先,使用时间滑动窗口,将数据转换成连续的特征图以作为输入,并从中提取抽象特征。然后,将这些特征映射到网络模型中。最后,通过门控循环单元(GRU)网络模型获得预测值。试验结果显示,CA-GRU模型的均方根误差(RMSE)为0.172,平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)为0.010。该结果比GRU网络模型低0.108、0.016,比卷积神经网络(CNN)-GRU模型低0.027、0.005,比Attention-GRU模型低0.065、0.007。该结果表明,CA-GRU模型预测效果良好,利用CNN等模型有利于减少冗余信息的干扰。CA-GRU模型能够充分提取污水水质数据在时间和空间上的特征、更准确地预测出水水质总氮含量,具有较高的应用价值。

Time-series analysis with a hybrid Box-Jenkins ARIMA

Time-series analysis is important to a wide range of disciplines transcending both the physical and social sciences for proactive policy decisions. Statistical models have sound theoretical basis and have been successfully used in a number of problem domains in time series forecasting. Due to power and flexibility, Box-Jenkins ARIMA model has gained enormous popularity in many areas and research practice for the last three decades. More recently, the neural networks have been shown to be a promising alternative tool for modeling and forecasting owing to their ability to capture the nonlinearity in the data. However, despite the popularity and the superiority of ARIMA and ANN models, the empirical forecasting performance has been rather mixed so that no single method is best in every situation. In this study, a hybrid ARIMA and neural networks model to time series forecasting is proposed. The basic idea behind the model combination is to use each model’s unique features to capture different patterns in the data. With three real data sets, empirical results evidently show that the hybrid model outperforms ARIMA and ANN model noticeably in terms of forecasting accuracy used in isolation.

Hybrid Model of Molten Steel Temperature Prediction Based on Ladle Heat Status and Artificial Neural Network

Aiming at the characteristics of the practical steelmaking process, a hybrid model based on ladle heat sta- tus and artificial neural network has been proposed to predict molten steel temperature. The hybrid model could over- come the difficulty of accurate prediction using a single mathematical model, and solve the problem of lacking the consideration of the influence of ladle heat status on the steel temperature in an intelligent model. By using the hybrid model method, forward and backward prediction models for molten steel temperature in steelmaking process are es- tablished and are used in a steelmaking plant. The forward model, starting from the end-point of BOF, predicts the temperature in argon-blowing station, starting temperature in LF, end temperature in LF and tundish temperature forwards, with the production process evolving. The backward model, starting from the required tundish tempera- ture, calculates target end temperature in LF, target starting temperature in LF, target temperature in argon-blo- wiag station and target BOF end-point temperature backwards. Actual application results show that the models have better prediction accuracy and are satisfying for the process of practical production.

发电过程孪生模型在线演化方法研究

随着机器学习和深度学习的成熟,数据驱动模型得到了快速发展,过程模型的精度也得到了显著提高。目前,模型性能评价已经不再局限于模型精度,模型的泛化、演化等能力也成为重要的衡量指标,尤其体现在数字孪生的建模研究中。数字孪生建模不仅要求模型能够逼真地再现物理实体,而且还要求模型随着物理实体的变化而演化。这就要求数字孪生模型能在保证精度的同时,还具备在线演化的特点。基于串联混合模型建立离线局部模型库,构建了马尔可夫模型,设计了马尔可夫模型与局部模型结合的两层演化模型。利用马尔可夫模型对运行状态进行预测,应用RBF神经网络实现串联混合模型中数据驱动子模型过渡参数的演变,从而达到孪生模型整体演化的目的。最后,建立了空预器换热过程的孪生模型,并进行仿真验证,证明了所提方法的有效性。