HQNN-SFOP:Hybrid Quantum Neural Networks with Signal Feature Overlay Projection for Drone Detection Using Radar Return Signals-A Simulation

With the wide application of drone technology,there is an increasing demand for the detection of radar return signals from drones.Existing detection methods mainly rely on time-frequency domain feature extraction and classical machine learning algorithms for image recognition.This method suffers from the problem of large dimensionality of image features,which leads to large input data size and noise affecting learning.Therefore,this paper proposes to extract signal time-domain statistical features for radar return signals from drones and reduce the feature dimension from 512×4 to 16 dimensions.However,the downscaled feature data makes the accuracy of traditional machine learning algorithms decrease,so we propose a new hybrid quantum neural network with signal feature overlay projection(HQNN-SFOP),which reduces the dimensionality of the signal by extracting the statistical features in the time domain of the signal,introduces the signal feature overlay projection to enhance the expression ability of quantum computation on the signal features,and introduces the quantum circuits to improve the neural network’s ability to obtain the inline relationship of features,thus improving the accuracy and migration generalization ability of drone detection.In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method,we experimented with the method using the MM model that combines the real parameters of five commercial drones and random drones parameters to generate data to simulate a realistic environment.The results show that the method based on statistical features in the time domain of the signal is able to extract features at smaller scales and obtain higher accuracy on a dataset with an SNR of 10 dB.On the time-domain feature data set,HQNNSFOP obtains the highest accuracy compared to other conventional methods.In addition,HQNN-SFOP has good migration generalization ability on five commercial drones and random drones data at different SNR conditions.Our method verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of signal detection methods based on quantum computation and experimentally demonstrates that the advantages of quantum computation for information processing are still valid in the field of signal processing,it provides a highly efficient method for the drone detection using radar return signals.

Design of a novel hybrid quantum deep neural network in INEQR images classification

We redesign the parameterized quantum circuit in the quantum deep neural network, construct a three-layer structure as the hidden layer, and then use classical optimization algorithms to train the parameterized quantum circuit, thereby propose a novel hybrid quantum deep neural network(HQDNN) used for image classification. After bilinear interpolation reduces the original image to a suitable size, an improved novel enhanced quantum representation(INEQR) is used to encode it into quantum states as the input of the HQDNN. Multi-layer parameterized quantum circuits are used as the main structure to implement feature extraction and classification. The output results of parameterized quantum circuits are converted into classical data through quantum measurements and then optimized on a classical computer. To verify the performance of the HQDNN, we conduct binary classification and three classification experiments on the MNIST(Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology) data set. In the first binary classification, the accuracy of 0 and 4 exceeds98%. Then we compare the performance of three classification with other algorithms, the results on two datasets show that the classification accuracy is higher than that of quantum deep neural network and general quantum convolutional neural network.

混合量子神经网络及其数字识别应用

为探索量子计算与神经网络交叉融合的可能性,提出一种基于混合量子经典神经网络的数字识别模型。该模型将参数化量子电路加入卷积模型实现嵌入与直接输出混合,将卷积全连接层信息作为量子层控制参数,经过系列酉变换进行特征处理。在MNIST数据集上通过数字识别实验展示该结构潜力。结合迁移学习,利用卷积网络与混合网络提取图像深层次特征并进行特征融合,改善单一卷积网络在小样本数据集上的过拟合问题。实验结果表明,该模型具有有效性、实用性和高泛化性能,直接输出混合网络和嵌入式混合网络在MNIST数据集上的识别率分别较卷积网络提高0.0398和0.0211。经过迁移学习和特征融合后的混合模型在小样本数据集上的识别率均优于单一网络,达到83%,验证了模型的学习和泛化能力。

面向图像分类的混合量子长短期记忆神经网络构建方法

长短期记忆(long-short tern memory,LSTM)神经网络通过引入记忆单元来解决长期依赖、梯度消失和梯度爆炸问题,广泛应用于时间序列分析与预测.将量子计算与LSTM神经网络结合将有助于提高其计算效率并降低模型参数个数,从而显著改善传统LSTM神经网络的性能.本文提出一种可用于图像分类的混合量子LSTM(hybrid quantum LSTM,HQLSTM)网络模型,利用变分量子电路代替经典LSTM网络中的神经细胞,以实现量子网络记忆功能,同时引入Choquet离散积分算子来增强数据之间的聚合程度.HQLSTM网络中的记忆细胞由多个可实现不同功能的变分量子电路(variation quantum circuit,VQC)构成,每个VQC由三部分组成:编码层利用角度编码降低网络模型设计的复杂度;变分层采用量子自然梯度优化算法进行设计,使得梯度下降方向不以特定参数为目标,从而优化参数更新过程,提升网络模型的泛化性和收敛速度;测量层利用泡利Z门进行测量,并将测量结果的期望值输入到下一层实现对量子电路中有用信息的提取.在MNIST,FASHION-MNIST和CIFAR数据集上的图像分类实验结果表明,与经典LSTM、量子LSTM相比,HQLSTM模型获得了较高的图片分类精度和较低的损失值.同时,HQLSTM、量子LSTM网络空间复杂度相较于经典的LSTM网络实现了明显的降低.

基于混合量子-经典神经网络模型的股价预测

股票预测本质上是数据挖掘的问题,大盘走势是一个很好的股票买卖时机抉择信号。在量化分析中,常用深度学习技术对大盘历史数据进行拟合与特征提取,为股票投资提供决策参考。该文首先训练了一个经典深度神经网络对沪深300的日K量价数据进行监督学习,实现了一个输出"涨跌"概率的二分类预测器,并以此制定策略进行模拟交易,利用测试集数据计算累积收益率,从而评估投资策略的优劣。此外,还构造了一种混合量子-经典神经网络模型,充分利用量子计算的线路模型特点,构造参数化变分量子线路,实现了量子前馈神经网络。在量子线路学习框架中,将股票的特征因子编码到量子态的振幅上,通过训练量子神经网络U的参数θ,迭代得到一个最优的分类器。量子算法的运行时间比经典算法少了7.7%,预测准确率更高,回报率高出3%,因此证明了量子算法的表达力强、鲁棒性高的特点。

基于云模型的混合量子神经网络算法及其仿真研究

在云模型、量子算法、神经网络算法等理论研究的基础上,设计了一种以量子比特神经元为信息处理单元的多层量子神经网络——基于云模型的混合量子神经网络算法。在标准数据集上进行的实验仿真表明:混合量子算法具有量子算法轨迹行为性能的优势;同时该混合算法可将提取的特征输入到量子神经网络中对数据集进行分类。该算法改进了量子神经网络的损失函数,提高了误差分析性能。最后,通过仿真实验验证了该混合量子算法在收敛速度和鲁棒性等方面均优于量子神经网络算法。

基于复合分类器的网络入侵检测模型

为提高国家电网网络入侵检测中攻击分类问题的准确度,提出一种基于复合分类器的入侵检测模型。复合分类器由核主成分分析、量子遗传算法和前馈(back propagation,BP)神经网络组合而成。复合分类器先使用核主成分分析将高维数的原始数据降维,降维后的数据再通过BP神经网络训练生成分类模型,其中BP神经网络的参数通过量子遗传算法优化得到,最后使用分类模型对待测样本做精确入侵检测分类。与传统入侵检测算法相比,基于复合分类器的入侵检测模型更准确。