Optimum Determination of Partial Transmission Ratios of Mechanical Driven Systems Using a Chain Drive and a Two-step Helical Gearbox

This paper presents a study on optimum determination of partial ratios of mechanical drive systems using a chain drive and two-step helical gearbox for getting minimum size of the system. The chosen objective function was the cross section dimension of the system. In solving the optimization problem, the design equation for pitting resistance of a gear set was investigated and equations on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including a chain drive and two helical gear units and their regular resistance condition were analyses. From the results of the study, effective formulas for determination of the partial ratios of the chain drive and two-step helical gearboxes were introduced. As the formulas are explicit, the partial ratios can be calculated accurately and simply.

Optimum Determination of Partial Transmission Ratios of Mechanical Driven Systems Using a V-belt and a Helical Gearbox with Second-Step Double Gear-Sets

This paper presents a study on the optimum determination of partial transmission ratios of a mechanical drive system using a V-belt and a helical gearbox with second-step double gear-sets in order to get the minimum size of the system. The chosen objective function was the cross section dimension of the system. In the optimization problem, the design equation for pitting resistance of a gear set was investigated and equations on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including a V-belt and a helical gearbox with second-step double gear-sets and their regular resistance condition were analysed. Based on the results of the study, effective formulas for calculation of the partial ratios of the V-belt and a helical gearbox with second-step double gear-sets were proposed. By using explicit models, the partial ratios can be determined accurately and simply.

Optimum Determination of Partial Transmission Ratios of Coupled Planetary Gearboxes

This paper presents a new study on optimum determination of the partial ratios of coupled planetary gear sets for getting minimum radial size of the gear sets. In this paper, based on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including two-row planetary gear sets and their regular resistance conditions, an explicit model for calculating the partial ratios of coupled planetary gear sets was proposed. In addition, by giving this effective model, the partial ratios can be calculated simply and accurately.

Optimum Determination of Partial Transmission Ratios of Mechanical Driven Systems Using a V-belt and a Three-Step Helical Gearbox

This paper introduces a new study on the optimum calculation of partial transmission ratios of a mechanical drive system using a V-belt and a three-step helical gearbox in order to get the minimum size of the system. The chosen objective function was the cross section dimension of the system. In solving the optimization problem, the design equation for pitting resistance of a gear set was investigated and equations on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including a V-belt and three helical gear units and their regular resistance condition were analysed. From the results of the study, effective formulas for determination of the partial ratios of the V-belt and three-step helical gearboxes were introduced. As using explicit models, the partial ratios can be determined accurately and simply.

Optimum Calculation of Partial Transmission Ratios of Mechanical Driven Systems Using a V-belt and a Two-Step Bevel Helical Gearbox

This paper introduces a new study on the optimum calculation of partial transmission ratios of mechanical drive system using a V-belt and two-step bevel helical gearbox for getting minimum size of the system. In the paper, based on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including V-belt and a two-gear-unit of the gearbox, models for optimum calculation of the partial ratios of the V-belt and the gearbox were proposed. As the models are explicit, the partial ratios can be calculated accurately and simply.

Optimum Determination of Partial Transmission Ratios of Three-Step Helical Gearboxes for Getting Minimum Cross Section Dimension

This paper presents a new study on optimum calculation of partial ratios of three-step helical gearboxes. The chosen objective function is the cross section dimension of the gearbox. In solving the optimization problem, the design equation for pitting resistance of a gear set was investigated and equations on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including three gear units and their regular resistance condition are analyses. From the results of the study, effective formula for determination of the partial ratios of three-step helical gearboxes is introduced. As the formulas are explicit, the partial ratios can be calculated accurately and simply.

A novel method for vibration signal transmission and attenuation analysis in complex planetary gearboxes

Planetary gearboxes play a crucial role in altering rotary speed and transmitting power in large machines like wind turbines and sophisticated vehicles. There are many nonlinear interfaces, such as splines, bearings, and gear pairs, in planetary gearboxes, and the resulting vibration signal transmission and attenuation mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, a novel method for quantitatively analyzing the transmission and attenuation of vibration signals is proposed. A multibody dynamic model of the planetary gearbox considering nonlinear gear meshing is presented and experimentally validated. To avoid the interference of foundation vibration on the transmission of the fault signal, the fault impact factor(FIF) is used to describe the intensity of the failure, which aligns well with the experimental signals. Based on the FIF, the vibration signal attenuation of nonlinear interfaces such as splines, bearings, and gear meshing interfaces is quantitatively evaluated. To clarify the transfer paths of fault vibration signals inside the gearbox, the transfer path area method(TPAM) based on FIF is proposed. According to the simulated results,the primary transfer paths of fault vibration signals within the gearbox have been identified, which is of great help in understanding the transmission and attenuation of vibration signals in planetary gearboxes.

Numerical Visualization of Grease Flow in a Gearbox

Lubricating greases are widely used in e.g.open gear drives and gearboxes with difficult sealing conditions.The efficiency and heat balance of grease-lubricated gearboxes depend strongly on the lubrication mechanisms channeling and circulating,for which the grease flow is causal.The computational fluid dynamics opens up the possibility to visualize and understand the grease flow in gearboxes in more detail.In this study,a single-stage gearbox lubricated with an NLGI 1-2 grease was modeled by the finite-volume method to numerically investigate the fluid flow.Results show that the rotating gears influence the grease sump only locally around the gears.For a low grease fill volume,the rotation of the gears is widely separated from the grease sump.For a high grease fill volume,a pronounced geargrease interaction results in a circulating grease flow around the gears.The simulated grease distributions show good accordance with high-speed camera recordings.

基于遗传算法的风电齿轮传动系统参数优化设计

齿轮箱是风力发电系统的重要部件,其体积大、重量高等问题制约了风电清洁能源的发展.以1.5 WM风力发电机组为研究对象,建立齿轮传动系统轻量化数学模型,并采用遗传算法进行优化求解.结果表明,采用遗传算法是可行的,优化后齿轮传动系统体积减少了4.59%,这将进一步减小齿轮传动系统箱体体积和总质量.通过计算行星轮系的传动效率,验证了优化结果的可行性,该研究将为风电齿轮传动系统轻量化设计提供新方法.

环境参数对风电齿轮箱传动系统疲劳损伤的影响

在风电机组全寿命周期内,长期风速概率分布会使风电齿轮箱传动系统动载荷出现随机特性,影响其疲劳损伤预估精度。笔者提出了一种考虑长期风速概率分布特征的风电齿轮箱传动系统疲劳损伤预估方法,通过建立大功率海上风电机组OpenFAST-SIMPACK联合仿真模型,计算不同平均风速与湍流强度组合工况下的风电齿轮箱传动系统齿轮短期疲劳损伤,进而采用代理模型技术重构“平均风速、湍流强度-短期疲劳损伤”映射关系,预测齿轮长期疲劳损伤。研究结果表明:风电齿轮箱传动系统低速级太阳轮容易发生接触疲劳失效;在额定风速以下,低速级太阳轮短期疲劳损伤与平均风速呈正相关,在额定风速附近,平均风速与湍流强度的随机特性均会增大其长期疲劳损伤不确定性,增大其疲劳失效风险。

电动汽车电驱动系统容性轴电压建模研究

基于高频和低频信号的不同特征,进行了分离建模,提出了一种无需通电便可预测电动汽车电驱动系统容性轴电压的模型和估计方法。在轴电压模型的基础上,进一步考虑变速箱的影响,建立了变速箱的电路模型,从而可获得变速箱传动轴与电机轴的轴电压估计,实现电动汽车电驱动系统的轴电压建模和计算。通过实验对电机轴电压进行了测量,并将实测电机轴电压与仿真数据进行了对比,对比结果验证了模型的准确性。

高速动车齿轮箱内部激励及箱体柔性对其振动的影响

动车运行过程中齿轮箱受载情况十分复杂,箱体出现裂纹的情况时有发生。为保证齿轮箱箱体服役安全,文章在SIMPACK中建立了含有齿轮传动系统的某动车动力学模型,动车运行速度设为200 km/h、250km/h、300km/h和350km/h,对比4种速度下只考虑轨道激励与考虑齿轮内部和轨道双激励时齿轮箱刚性箱体的振动响应,同时建立考虑齿轮箱箱体柔性的某动车刚柔耦合动力学模型,分析其对齿轮箱箱体振动计算结果的影响。结果表明:齿轮箱内部激励对箱体横向振动加速度影响不大,但在主动齿转频与齿轮啮合频率处箱体垂向振动加速度会产生峰值,使其方均根值显著增加,平均增量为4.8m/s^(2)。在200km/h时主动齿转频与齿轮箱箱体点头模态频率相近引发共振,使得箱体垂向振动加速度方均根值增量异常显著,因此在分析齿轮箱箱体振动时齿轮箱内部激励不可忽略;齿轮箱箱体柔性对考虑齿轮箱内部激励时的箱体横向振动加速度影响不大,但会使垂向振动加速度方均根值有所减小,在速度达到300 km/h后减小量较大,平均减小量为2.72m/s^(2)。

AMT变速器两参数换挡规律优化研究

某试验用车进行路试时,出现换挡不平顺及有顿挫的感觉,为解决该问题,针对两参数自动变速器(AMT)换挡规律,采用AVL Cruise软件建模并选取Cruise自带的新欧洲工况路谱(NEDC)进行仿真,得出变速箱原始换挡规律曲线,然后针对AMT换挡规律进行优化,将优化后的数据导入控制器并生成新的换挡规律曲线,较之前的换挡规律更加平顺。实践证明,采用新的换挡规律参数来控制换挡,汽车加速更加顺畅并能减少油耗。

机器人一体化电机模组减速器传动效率优化方法

针对一体化电机模组中的减速器进行传动效率计算和优化分析,推导了3K行星齿轮系统精确的效率计算公式,提供了一种通过调整齿轮组中心距和齿轮变位系数、获得该减速器最高啮合效率的方法。采用优化后的减速器参数进行样机设计,通过实验对一体化电机模组的减速器进行了效率测试,并将测试结果与理论计算数据进行了对比,结果验证了该效率计算优化方法的准确性。

减少重型卡车单级与双级齿轮摩擦的效果分析

为进一步提升重卡变速箱齿轮的润滑效果,基于CFD构建了数值模拟仿真模型,并完成了齿轮及润滑油的参数设置。仿真分析了齿轮转速和齿轮箱体倾角对齿轮润滑效果的影响,指导变速器的应用和设计。分别对比了单级齿轮和双级齿轮的传动特性,为今后变速器齿轮结构的改进提供支撑。

兆瓦级风电齿轮箱传动系统瞬态动力学响应等效缩减方法

随着风电齿轮箱朝10 MW及以上超大功率发展,其全尺寸测试受到试验台架功率限制的问题愈发明显。该研究提出了兆瓦级风电齿轮箱传动系统瞬态动力学响应等效缩减方法,以某型5 MW风电齿轮箱为研究对象,建立了风电齿轮箱传动系统变速动力学模型,并基于量纲理论推导了适用变速工况的风电齿轮箱传动系统等效缩减动力学相似关系,对比分析了原型与缩减后的风电齿轮箱传动系统固有特性与振动响应。研究结果表明,缩减后的风电齿轮箱传动系统固有频率、模态振型与原型满足相似关系,并且缩减后的风电齿轮箱传动系统稳态响应、瞬态响应均与原型满足相似关系,最大误差小于3%。该方法可以为风电齿轮箱等效缩减设计提供一定的参考依据。

考虑环境参数的风电齿轮箱传动系统疲劳性能优化

随机风速会使风电齿轮箱传动系统出现频繁的载荷波动,造成复杂的结构变形,容易产生齿轮偏载,加剧其接触疲劳失效风险。提出了一种考虑环境参数随机不确定性的风电齿轮箱传动系统疲劳性能优化方法,在建立计入全局载荷的风电齿轮箱传动系统动力学模型基础上,利用代理模型方法重构“平均风速、湍流强度-齿轮修形参数-齿轮长期接触疲劳损伤”映射关系,建立考虑风速概率分布的多级齿轮修形参数优化函数,对比了风电齿轮箱传动系统疲劳性能优化效果。结果表明,低速级太阳轮长期接触疲劳损伤值大于0.7,是风电齿轮箱传动系统高可靠设计的薄弱环节之一;优化后的风电齿轮箱齿轮长期接触疲劳损伤值明显降低,其中低速级太阳轮长期接触疲劳损伤值降低了11.37%,疲劳性能提升效果显著。

行星轮齿轮箱太阳轮齿根裂纹传递特性分析

采用集中参数模型,考虑啮合振动的内部激励,分别对齿轮箱内啮合和外啮合两种方式下的振动信号特征进行了分析。引入改进高斯窗的时变路径函数和考虑齿轮箱材料的时不变路径函数,改进行星轮齿轮箱箱体表面振动信号模型,分析太阳轮齿根在正常和裂纹情况下,不同传递路径对箱体表面振动信号调制现象的定量影响规律。仿真和实验对比分析表明:太阳轮齿根裂纹主要影响啮合频率倍频的边频带成分;该模型能够准确分析齿轮箱正常工况和太阳轮齿根裂纹情况下振动信号的频率、幅值和边频信息,可用于太阳轮齿根裂纹故障诊断。

计入齿圈螺栓约束的行星齿轮箱振动模型研究

针对行星齿轮箱振动响应,建立考虑齿圈螺栓约束的行星齿轮箱振动信号模型。基于集总参数模型,求解各部件的振动位移,计算内齿轮副的啮合力;将带螺栓约束的齿圈简化为欧拉-伯努利梁,通过求解梁的振动建立齿圈上任意点的振动信号。基于所建立的信号模型,分析振动信号的传输机制、振幅调制和重叠现象,以及螺栓约束对齿轮箱振动的影响,最后通过实验验证了新方法的合理性。该新模型不需要考虑所选振动部件的窗函数和权值,可以有效避免人为干扰,具有较强的通用性和适用性。

多级传动变速箱振动传输路径数学模型研究

针对多级传动变速箱内部存在多个复杂的振动传输路径,建立了变速箱多级传动振动传输路径的数学模型,采用傅里叶级数分析方法推导了振动模型的频谱结构;综合考虑各啮合振动源和时变传输路径、多级传动齿轮振动频率特性,提出了从啮合点到安装在环齿上的加速度计的等效时变传输路径函数,将时变的传输路径建模为具有不同衰减幅度的周期函数。以某多级传动变速箱为例,通过仿真和试验验证了所提数学模型的有效性。该模型可为多级变速箱的状态监测和故障诊断提供参考依据。