Optimum Determination of Partial Transmission Ratios of Mechanical Driven Systems Using a Chain Drive and a Two-step Helical Gearbox

This paper presents a study on optimum determination of partial ratios of mechanical drive systems using a chain drive and two-step helical gearbox for getting minimum size of the system. The chosen objective function was the cross section dimension of the system. In solving the optimization problem, the design equation for pitting resistance of a gear set was investigated and equations on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including a chain drive and two helical gear units and their regular resistance condition were analyses. From the results of the study, effective formulas for determination of the partial ratios of the chain drive and two-step helical gearboxes were introduced. As the formulas are explicit, the partial ratios can be calculated accurately and simply.

Optimum Determination of Partial Transmission Ratios of Mechanical Driven Systems Using a V-belt and a Helical Gearbox with Second-Step Double Gear-Sets

This paper presents a study on the optimum determination of partial transmission ratios of a mechanical drive system using a V-belt and a helical gearbox with second-step double gear-sets in order to get the minimum size of the system. The chosen objective function was the cross section dimension of the system. In the optimization problem, the design equation for pitting resistance of a gear set was investigated and equations on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including a V-belt and a helical gearbox with second-step double gear-sets and their regular resistance condition were analysed. Based on the results of the study, effective formulas for calculation of the partial ratios of the V-belt and a helical gearbox with second-step double gear-sets were proposed. By using explicit models, the partial ratios can be determined accurately and simply.

Optimum Determination of Partial Transmission Ratios of Coupled Planetary Gearboxes

This paper presents a new study on optimum determination of the partial ratios of coupled planetary gear sets for getting minimum radial size of the gear sets. In this paper, based on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including two-row planetary gear sets and their regular resistance conditions, an explicit model for calculating the partial ratios of coupled planetary gear sets was proposed. In addition, by giving this effective model, the partial ratios can be calculated simply and accurately.

Optimum Determination of Partial Transmission Ratios of Mechanical Driven Systems Using a V-belt and a Three-Step Helical Gearbox

This paper introduces a new study on the optimum calculation of partial transmission ratios of a mechanical drive system using a V-belt and a three-step helical gearbox in order to get the minimum size of the system. The chosen objective function was the cross section dimension of the system. In solving the optimization problem, the design equation for pitting resistance of a gear set was investigated and equations on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including a V-belt and three helical gear units and their regular resistance condition were analysed. From the results of the study, effective formulas for determination of the partial ratios of the V-belt and three-step helical gearboxes were introduced. As using explicit models, the partial ratios can be determined accurately and simply.

Optimum Calculation of Partial Transmission Ratios of Mechanical Driven Systems Using a V-belt and a Two-Step Bevel Helical Gearbox

This paper introduces a new study on the optimum calculation of partial transmission ratios of mechanical drive system using a V-belt and two-step bevel helical gearbox for getting minimum size of the system. In the paper, based on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including V-belt and a two-gear-unit of the gearbox, models for optimum calculation of the partial ratios of the V-belt and the gearbox were proposed. As the models are explicit, the partial ratios can be calculated accurately and simply.

Optimum Determination of Partial Transmission Ratios of Three-Step Helical Gearboxes for Getting Minimum Cross Section Dimension

This paper presents a new study on optimum calculation of partial ratios of three-step helical gearboxes. The chosen objective function is the cross section dimension of the gearbox. In solving the optimization problem, the design equation for pitting resistance of a gear set was investigated and equations on moment equilibrium condition of a mechanic system including three gear units and their regular resistance condition are analyses. From the results of the study, effective formula for determination of the partial ratios of three-step helical gearboxes is introduced. As the formulas are explicit, the partial ratios can be calculated accurately and simply.

A novel method for vibration signal transmission and attenuation analysis in complex planetary gearboxes

Planetary gearboxes play a crucial role in altering rotary speed and transmitting power in large machines like wind turbines and sophisticated vehicles. There are many nonlinear interfaces, such as splines, bearings, and gear pairs, in planetary gearboxes, and the resulting vibration signal transmission and attenuation mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, a novel method for quantitatively analyzing the transmission and attenuation of vibration signals is proposed. A multibody dynamic model of the planetary gearbox considering nonlinear gear meshing is presented and experimentally validated. To avoid the interference of foundation vibration on the transmission of the fault signal, the fault impact factor(FIF) is used to describe the intensity of the failure, which aligns well with the experimental signals. Based on the FIF, the vibration signal attenuation of nonlinear interfaces such as splines, bearings, and gear meshing interfaces is quantitatively evaluated. To clarify the transfer paths of fault vibration signals inside the gearbox, the transfer path area method(TPAM) based on FIF is proposed. According to the simulated results,the primary transfer paths of fault vibration signals within the gearbox have been identified, which is of great help in understanding the transmission and attenuation of vibration signals in planetary gearboxes.

Numerical Visualization of Grease Flow in a Gearbox

Lubricating greases are widely used in e.g.open gear drives and gearboxes with difficult sealing conditions.The efficiency and heat balance of grease-lubricated gearboxes depend strongly on the lubrication mechanisms channeling and circulating,for which the grease flow is causal.The computational fluid dynamics opens up the possibility to visualize and understand the grease flow in gearboxes in more detail.In this study,a single-stage gearbox lubricated with an NLGI 1-2 grease was modeled by the finite-volume method to numerically investigate the fluid flow.Results show that the rotating gears influence the grease sump only locally around the gears.For a low grease fill volume,the rotation of the gears is widely separated from the grease sump.For a high grease fill volume,a pronounced geargrease interaction results in a circulating grease flow around the gears.The simulated grease distributions show good accordance with high-speed camera recordings.

基于遗传算法的风电齿轮传动系统参数优化设计

齿轮箱是风力发电系统的重要部件,其体积大、重量高等问题制约了风电清洁能源的发展.以1.5 WM风力发电机组为研究对象,建立齿轮传动系统轻量化数学模型,并采用遗传算法进行优化求解.结果表明,采用遗传算法是可行的,优化后齿轮传动系统体积减少了4.59%,这将进一步减小齿轮传动系统箱体体积和总质量.通过计算行星轮系的传动效率,验证了优化结果的可行性,该研究将为风电齿轮传动系统轻量化设计提供新方法.

环境参数对风电齿轮箱传动系统疲劳损伤的影响

在风电机组全寿命周期内,长期风速概率分布会使风电齿轮箱传动系统动载荷出现随机特性,影响其疲劳损伤预估精度。笔者提出了一种考虑长期风速概率分布特征的风电齿轮箱传动系统疲劳损伤预估方法,通过建立大功率海上风电机组OpenFAST-SIMPACK联合仿真模型,计算不同平均风速与湍流强度组合工况下的风电齿轮箱传动系统齿轮短期疲劳损伤,进而采用代理模型技术重构“平均风速、湍流强度-短期疲劳损伤”映射关系,预测齿轮长期疲劳损伤。研究结果表明:风电齿轮箱传动系统低速级太阳轮容易发生接触疲劳失效;在额定风速以下,低速级太阳轮短期疲劳损伤与平均风速呈正相关,在额定风速附近,平均风速与湍流强度的随机特性均会增大其长期疲劳损伤不确定性,增大其疲劳失效风险。

电动轨道打磨车车轴齿轮箱振动预估与试验

以某电动轨道打磨作业车齿轮箱为研究对象,通过对齿轮传动系统进行理论分析,采用解析法计算齿轮系统的刚度和啮合冲击激励,以简谐函数模拟误差激励并合成齿轮内部激励,建立了包含齿轮副、轴、轴承以及箱体在内的有限元分析模型,并用弹簧单元模拟轴承的支承作用和轮齿啮合,应用完全法求解齿轮箱振动响应;而后,搭建电传动车轴齿轮箱振动测试试验台,开展了振动响应测试。结果表明,电动轨道打磨车车轴齿轮箱振动预估结果与试验吻合较为良好,验证了分析模型的合理性;研究结果为后续齿轮箱的开发与交付提供了数据支持。

电动汽车电驱动系统容性轴电压建模研究

基于高频和低频信号的不同特征,进行了分离建模,提出了一种无需通电便可预测电动汽车电驱动系统容性轴电压的模型和估计方法。在轴电压模型的基础上,进一步考虑变速箱的影响,建立了变速箱的电路模型,从而可获得变速箱传动轴与电机轴的轴电压估计,实现电动汽车电驱动系统的轴电压建模和计算。通过实验对电机轴电压进行了测量,并将实测电机轴电压与仿真数据进行了对比,对比结果验证了模型的准确性。

高速动车齿轮箱内部激励及箱体柔性对其振动的影响

动车运行过程中齿轮箱受载情况十分复杂,箱体出现裂纹的情况时有发生。为保证齿轮箱箱体服役安全,文章在SIMPACK中建立了含有齿轮传动系统的某动车动力学模型,动车运行速度设为200 km/h、250km/h、300km/h和350km/h,对比4种速度下只考虑轨道激励与考虑齿轮内部和轨道双激励时齿轮箱刚性箱体的振动响应,同时建立考虑齿轮箱箱体柔性的某动车刚柔耦合动力学模型,分析其对齿轮箱箱体振动计算结果的影响。结果表明:齿轮箱内部激励对箱体横向振动加速度影响不大,但在主动齿转频与齿轮啮合频率处箱体垂向振动加速度会产生峰值,使其方均根值显著增加,平均增量为4.8m/s^(2)。在200km/h时主动齿转频与齿轮箱箱体点头模态频率相近引发共振,使得箱体垂向振动加速度方均根值增量异常显著,因此在分析齿轮箱箱体振动时齿轮箱内部激励不可忽略;齿轮箱箱体柔性对考虑齿轮箱内部激励时的箱体横向振动加速度影响不大,但会使垂向振动加速度方均根值有所减小,在速度达到300 km/h后减小量较大,平均减小量为2.72m/s^(2)。

AMT变速器两参数换挡规律优化研究

某试验用车进行路试时,出现换挡不平顺及有顿挫的感觉,为解决该问题,针对两参数自动变速器(AMT)换挡规律,采用AVL Cruise软件建模并选取Cruise自带的新欧洲工况路谱(NEDC)进行仿真,得出变速箱原始换挡规律曲线,然后针对AMT换挡规律进行优化,将优化后的数据导入控制器并生成新的换挡规律曲线,较之前的换挡规律更加平顺。实践证明,采用新的换挡规律参数来控制换挡,汽车加速更加顺畅并能减少油耗。

机器人一体化电机模组减速器传动效率优化方法

针对一体化电机模组中的减速器进行传动效率计算和优化分析,推导了3K行星齿轮系统精确的效率计算公式,提供了一种通过调整齿轮组中心距和齿轮变位系数、获得该减速器最高啮合效率的方法。采用优化后的减速器参数进行样机设计,通过实验对一体化电机模组的减速器进行了效率测试,并将测试结果与理论计算数据进行了对比,结果验证了该效率计算优化方法的准确性。

工业加热炉传动齿轮箱轴承剩余寿命预测

工业加热炉的传动齿轮箱承担着重要的工作任务,如传递和调节动力、承受相对较大的负载等。为了保证齿轮箱轴承的稳定性和可靠性,需要通过预测轴承的剩余寿命,以及时检测到轴承的健康状况,避免因轴承失效导致的设备故障问题。为此,研究一种工业加热炉传动齿轮箱轴承剩余寿命预测方法。根据单位时间内剩余寿命存在连续性、独立性衰减的特点,计算不同状态轴承特征服从Gamma的密度,根据时间和空间结合最大似然估计法求得轴承计算状态转移概率,得到特征增量值并作为后续预测条件参照。建立基于灰色理论的预测模型描述待预测序列中特征值指数的规律变化,计算每次轴承状态更新的时间间隔,通过一阶线性微分方程计算经过同一时间间隔的累计加成后的灰色作用量值,采用最小二乘积算法求解原始序列与预测序列的剩余寿命灰度残差,实现有效的轴承剩余寿命预测。实验数据证明,所提方法针对齿轮箱轴承的不同状态都能实现高质量预测,具有一定的实用价值。

减少重型卡车单级与双级齿轮摩擦的效果分析

为进一步提升重卡变速箱齿轮的润滑效果,基于CFD构建了数值模拟仿真模型,并完成了齿轮及润滑油的参数设置。仿真分析了齿轮转速和齿轮箱体倾角对齿轮润滑效果的影响,指导变速器的应用和设计。分别对比了单级齿轮和双级齿轮的传动特性,为今后变速器齿轮结构的改进提供支撑。

基于传动机理分析的行星齿轮箱振动信号仿真及其故障诊断

行星齿轮传动结构一般由太阳轮、行星轮、内齿圈和行星架等组成,相比定轴齿轮传动,其结构更加复杂。行星齿轮箱中,多对齿轮啮合引起的振动相互叠加、各啮合点与传感器之间的传递路径周期性变化等特点使其故障诊断比定轴齿轮箱难度更大。为了准确诊断行星齿轮箱故障,分析其传动机理、建立振动信号仿真模型尤为重要。针对这一需求,将行星齿轮箱内部的多个啮合'分而治之',分析每个啮合成分的传递路径,综合考虑各啮合成分之间的相位差,建立行星齿轮箱的振动信号仿真模型,得到了不同齿轮故障时的振动响应信号,通过对比正常与故障信号的不同特点,实现行星齿轮箱的故障诊断。该模型的优势在于综合考虑了行星齿轮箱内部的多对啮合以及它们之间的相位关系、行星轮公转引起的时变传递路径以及齿轮故障时的调制等因素。为了验证该信号仿真模型,在行星齿轮箱试验台上采集了正常、太阳轮和行星轮局部故障的振动信号,与仿真模型的信号进行了分析比较,归纳了行星齿轮箱齿轮局部故障时的振动信号特点。

基于推理的大型收获机械变速箱参数化设计

针对传统三维参数化建模软件不易建立结构复杂的大型收获机械变速箱参数化模型的问题,在获取典型收获机械变速箱设计知识的基础上,研究了变速箱参数化设计推理机,提出了一种基于推理的参数化设计方法。在VC++2008环境下,运用Pro/E 5.0中的Pro/TOOLKIT二次开发工具包,开发了基于推理的大型收获机械变速箱参数化设计平台。与传统参数化设计相比,该方法不必考虑在参数化软件中建立零件-部件-产品之间复杂的参数关联关系,可以方便快捷地设计出符合用户要求的变速箱。

硬齿面TI蜗杆副的研制与试验研究

TI蜗杆传动由渐开线斜齿轮和其包络的环面蜗杆组成。按照有关TI蜗杆传动主要设计参数选择方法的研究结果,给出一对TI蜗杆传动副的具体设计参数,利用研制的砂轮修整器和专用磨头,在滚齿机上实现了TI蜗杆齿面的磨削加工,完成了钢-钢配对的硬齿面副TI蜗杆减速器的制造。采用两种常用的工业润滑油,开展了硬齿面副TI蜗杆传动性能试验,重点测试了蜗杆传动的输入输出转矩、油池温度、运转时间和箱体振动值,对蜗杆传动效率及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明,硬齿面副TI蜗杆减速器在较低的载荷下具有较好的机械传动性能,但随着载荷的增加,齿面间摩擦磨损加剧,传动稳定性下降,含极压添加剂的润滑油对硬齿面的TI蜗杆传动具有较好的润滑效果。