Hydrocarbon Charging and Accumulation Process of the Large Bozhong19-6 Condensate Gas Reservoirs in the Southwestern Bozhong Sub-Basin,Bohai Bay Basin,China

The Bozhong19-6(BZ19-6)condensate gas reservoirs,located in the southwestern Bozhong sub-basin,Bohai Bay Basin,China,were paleo-oil reservoirs in the geological past and have undergone at least three successive hydrocarbon charging events.The hydrocarbon migration and accumulation process of“early oil and late gas”has occurred in the current reservoirs.At the end of the sedimentation of the Guantao Formation(N_(1)g,∼12 Ma),the reservoirs began to fill with first stage low-moderate mature crude oil.At the late stage of the Lower Minghuazhen Formation(N_(1)ml)(∼6.7 Ma),the reservoirs were largely charged with second stage high mature crude oil.Since the deposition of the upper Minghuazhen Formation(N_(2)m^(u),∼5.1 Ma),the paleo-oil reservoirs were transformed into shallow Neogene reservoirs due to the reactivation of basement faults.From the late stage of the N_(2)m^(u)to the present day(∼2.8–0 Ma),the reservoirs were rapidly filled by natural gas within a short period.In addition,analysis of the formation of the reservoir bitumen and the conspicuous loss of the lower molecular weight n-alkanes in the crude oil reveal that the injection of a large amount of gas in the late stage caused gas flushing of the early charged oil.

Distribution and genesis of the anomalously high porosity zones in the middle-shallow horizons of the northern Songliao Basin

High-quality reservoirs occur in the middle-shallow horizons of the northern Songliao Basin. The distribution and genesis of their anomalously high porosity zones were studied using measured porosities, examination of ordinary thin sections and blue epoxy resin-impregnated thin sections and by SEM. The results show that there are three anomalously high porosity zones at the depth of 450-900 m, 1,300-1,900 m, 2,050-2,350 m respectively, named zone i, zone ii and zone iii from top to bottom. Horizontally, zone i and zone ii are distributed all over the basin except in the Southeastern Uplift, while zone iii is only distributed in the Central Depression. Zone i was formed by meteoric water leaching as well as organic acid dissolution. Zones ii and iii were dominantly formed by organic acid dissolution. Additionally, clay mineral transformation generating H＋ and hydrocarbon emplacement retarding the cementation of sandstones are also important for the formation of zones ii and iii.

Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide in the Extraction of Lanolin and Its Alcohol

The use of supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SFCO2) in extraction of lanolin and its alcohol is superior to the conventional solvent extraction method. Its distinctive advantages include high extractive ratio, nontoxic and nonflammable solvents, and minimal by -product pollution. The resulting refined lanolin and its alcohol have light color and little odor, and can be used as raw materials for high grade cosmetic products.

Exploration progress of the Paleogene in Jiyang Depression,Bohai Bay Basin

With increased exploration in the faulted basins of eastern China,petroleum exploration in this region has been challenged by unclear remaining petroleum resources distribution,complex reservoir and hydrocarbon enrichment patterns,and lacking of suitable exploration techniques.Aiming at resolving these problems,studies on source rocks,reservoirs,hydrocarbon accumulation and geophysical prospection were carried out by laboratory analysis,reservoir anatomy,and seismic analysis.A highlyefficient hydrocarbon generation/expulsion model of source rocks in saline environment was established,which aided in the discovery of a new set of source rocks in the Jiyang Depression.This study also reveals the formation process of high-quality reservoir by alternating acid and alkaline fluids during deposition and diagenesis,and pattern of secondary pores development in deep clastic rocks.Through the fine anatomy of the oil reservoirs,an orderly distribution pattern of the oil reservoirs is established,and the potential exploration targets in the undrilled area are identified.In addition,single-point highdensity seismic acquisition and high-resolution imaging technologies are developed,enabling fine and efficient exploration in areas with high exploration maturity.The research result plays a leading and demonstrative role in the fine and efficient exploration of faulted basins in eastern China.

含油气盆地地层水演化过程中含烃酸性流体的浸入效应——以东营凹陷胜坨油田为例

为了认识油气成藏过程中地层水的变化规律,确认水—岩—油之间相互作用产生的成岩标志及对成藏的标识性,通过对胜坨油田重点钻井剖面岩心测试和地层水资料的分析,将东营凹陷地层水演化分为5个阶段,对应5种流体类型,分别为同沉积地层水(第1期流体)、混入型地层水(第2期流体)、含烃流体(第3期流体)、幕式含烃酸性流体(第4期流体)、碱性化流体(第5期流体)。研究发现,在第3和第4期流体活动过程中有大量的含铁碳酸盐、铁质集晶和自生高岭石等矿物。通过电子探针化学成分对比分析,证实其与油气主成藏期对应的含烃酸性流体有关。根据对含铁碳酸盐、铁质集晶和自生高岭石在岩体内分布规律的追踪,阐述了成岩与油气成藏的关联性,为深化油气成藏聚集规律认识和最终勘探目标的确定提供了一种新的决策依据。

伊犁盆地蒙其古尔铀矿床含矿目的层强高岭石化成因

蒙其古尔铀矿床品位富、成矿作用复杂等特点在我国现已发现的砂岩型铀矿床中占据着独特的位置。黏土X射线衍射结果显示,蒙其古尔矿床含矿目的层砂体中普遍发育有强烈的高岭石化现象,其高岭石含量占黏土总量的58%~86%。蒙其古尔矿床含矿目的层中有机质及煤系地层中有机质镜质体反射率(Ro)平均值为0.61%,反映该区煤系地层的成熟度整体处于未成熟-低成熟阶段,属于生物生烃阶段。容矿砂岩烃类包裹体的发现证实了目的层本身曾遭受过有机酸性流体的改造。研究认为,沉积成岩过程中有机酸性流体的渗出及成岩期后地表水的渗入叠加改造作用是蒙其古尔矿区含矿目的层砂岩中普遍发育高岭石化的根本原因,煤成气等还原性流体的介入可能与蒙其古尔矿床富大矿体形成关系密切。

从火山岩勘探到基底勘探

中酸性喷出岩作为石油天然气勘探新的储集层是石油地质学的重要发展。已被勘探的中酸性喷出岩的地质年代从古生代到中生代和新生代。中酸性喷出岩是断陷盆地沉积剖面的重要组成部分,是整个世界石油勘探从沉积层勘探向潜山和基底勘探的过渡阶段。

济阳坳陷深层沙河街组四段轻质油—凝析气成藏条件

轻质油和凝析气是济阳坳陷古近系沙河街组四段(沙四段)深层勘探的重要目标,为明确其成藏条件,系统分析了其烃源岩特征、油气相态演化规律、油气藏流体特征、储层成岩作用、烃源岩排出酸性流体特征及其对储层成岩的影响。研究表明,济阳坳陷沙四段烃源岩为盐湖—咸化环境沉积,有机质类型为Ⅰ—Ⅱ_(1)型,生成油气相态演化分为4个阶段:常规油(含未熟—低熟稠油)阶段、轻质油阶段、凝析气阶段和湿气—干气阶段,其中,埋深4100~4800 m为轻质油和凝析气生成阶段,对应有机质的镜质体反射率为1.0%~1.7%。沙四段轻质油和凝析气为晚期成烃,上覆的区域性厚层状沙河街组三段烃源岩处于生烃阶段,轻质油和凝析气多赋存于源内和邻近储层中,其中,砂砾岩储层发育残余原生孔和次生孔,以次生溶蚀孔为主。深层轻质油和凝析气藏压力系数在0.95~1.98,以超压为主,油气藏温度多在157~175℃。沙四段烃源岩排出酸性流体分为4个阶段,早期排出的酸性流体和烃类进入储层时有利于原生孔隙的保存,而热硫酸盐还原的富H_(2)S、CO_(2)流体对深层储层次生孔隙形成具有重要作用。分析认为,济阳坳陷深层靠近深洼陷的沙四段烃源岩或其附近的砂砾岩体、沙四段烃源岩侧向及下伏潜山等是常规轻质油—凝析气藏的有利勘探目标,而陡坡带砂砾岩体的前缘或远端富含砂质条带的页岩是轻质页岩油的有利勘探目标。