Tracing of natural gas migration by light hydrocarbons:A case study of the Dongsheng gas field in the Ordos Basin,NW China

Based on the analysis of light hydrocarbon compositions of natural gas and regional comparison in combination with the chemical components and carbon isotopic compositions of methane,the indication of geochemical characteristics of light hydrocarbons on the migration features,dissolution and escape of natural gas from the Dongsheng gas field in the Ordos Basin is revealed,and the effect of migration on specific light hydrocarbon indexes is further discussed.The study indicates that,natural gas from the Lower Shihezi Formation(Pix)in the Dongsheng gas field displays higher iso-C5-7contents than n-C5-7contents,and the C6-7light hydrocarbons are composed of paraffins with extremely low aromatic contents(<0.4%),whereas the C7light hydrocarbons are dominated by methylcyclohexane,suggesting the characteristics of coal-derived gas with the influence by secondary alterations such as dissolution.The natural gas from the Dongsheng gas field has experienced free-phase migration from south to north and different degrees of dissolution after charging,and the gas in the Shiguhao area to the north of the Borjianghaizi fault has experienced apparent diffusion loss after accumulation.Long-distance migration in free phase results in the decrease of the relative contents of the methylcyclohexane in C7 light hydrocarbons and the toluene/n-heptane ratio,as well as the increase of the n-heptane/methylcyclohexane ratio and heptane values.The dissolution causes the increase of isoheptane values of the light hydrocarbons,whereas the diffusion loss of natural gas in the Shiguhao area results in the increase of n-C5-7contents compared to the iso-C5-7contents.

Geochemical identification of a source rock affected by migrated hydrocarbons and its geological significance:Fengcheng Formation,southern Mahu Sag,Junggar Basin,NW China

The Fengcheng Formation is a crucial source rock and the primary reservoir for oil accumulation in the Mahu Sag.Crude oils are distributed throughout the Fengcheng Formation,ranging from the edge to the interior of the sag in the southern Mahu Sag.These crude oils originate from in-situ source rocks in shallowly buried areas and the inner deep sag.During migration,the crude oil from the inner deep sag affects the source rocks close to carrier beds,leading to changes in the organic geochemical characteristics of the source rocks.These changes might alter source rock evaluations and oil-source correlation.Based on data such as total organic carbon(TOC),Rock-Eval pyrolysis of source rocks,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)of the saturated fraction,and considering the geological characteristics of the study area,we define the identification characteristics of source rock affected by migrated hydrocarbons and establish the various patterns of influence that migrated hydrocarbons have on the source rock of the Fengcheng Formation in the southern Mahu Sag.The source rocks of the Fengcheng Formation are mostly fair to good,containing mainly Type II organic matter and being thermally mature enough to generate oil.Source rocks affected by migrated hydrocarbons exhibit relatively high hydrocarbon contents(S1/TOC>110 mg HC/g TOC,Extract/TOC>30%,HC:hydrocarbon),relatively low Rock-Eval Tmax values,and relatively high tricyclic terpane contents with a descending and mountain-shaped distribution.Furthermore,biomarker composition parameters indicate a higher thermal maturity than in-situ source rocks.Through a comparison of the extract biomarker fingerprints of adjacent reservoirs and mudstones in different boreholes,three types of influence patterns of migrated hydrocarbons are identified:the edge-influence of thin sandstone-thick mudstone,the mixed-influence of sandstone-mudstone interbedded,and the full-influence of thick sandstone-thin mudstone.This finding reminds us that the influence of migrated hydrocarbons must be considered when evaluating source rocks and conducting oil-source correlation.

Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation along the fault intersection zone-a case study on the reef-flat systems of the No.1 slope break zone in the Tazhong area, Tarim Basin

Understanding hydrocarbon migration and accumulation mechanisms is one of the key scientif ic problems that should be solved for effective hydrocarbon exploration in the superimposed basins developed in northwest China. The northwest striking No.1 slope break zone, which is a representative of superimposed basins in the Tarim Basin, can be divided into five parts due to the intersection of the northeast strike-slip faults. Controlled by the tectonic framework, the types and properties of reservoirs and the hydrocarbon compositions can also be divided into five parts from east to west. Anomalies of all the parameters were found on the fault intersection zone and weakened up-dip along the structural ridge away from it. Thus, it can be inferred that the intersection zone is the hydrocarbon charging position. This new conclusion differs greatly from the traditional viewpoint, which believes that the hydrocarbon migrates and accumulates along the whole plane of the No.1 slope break zone. The viewpoint is further supported by the evidence from the theory of main pathway systems, obvious improvement of the reservoir quality （2-3 orders of magnitude at the intersection zone） and the formation mechanisms of the fault intersection zone. Differential hydrocarbon migration and entrapment exists in and around the strike- slip faults. This is controlled by the internal structure of faults. It is concluded that the more complicated the fault structure is, the more significant the effects will be. If there is a deformation band, it will hinder the cross fault migration due to the common feature of two to four orders of magnitude reduction in permeability. Otherwise, hydrocarbons tend to accumulate in the up-dip structure under the control of buoyancy. Further research on the internal fault structure should be emphasized.

A Study of the Migration and Accumulation Efficiency and the Genesis of Hydrocarbon Natural Gas in the Xujiaweizi Fault Depression

In order to investigate the migration and accumulation efficiency of hydrocarbon natural gas in the Xujiaweizi fault depression, and to provide new evidence for the classification of its genesis, a source rock pyrolysis experiment in a closed system was designed and carried out. Based on this, kinetic models for describing gas generation from organic matter and carbon isotope fractionation during this process were established, calibrated and then extrapolated to geologic conditions by combining the thermal history data of the Xushen-1 Well. The results indicate that the coal measures in the Xujiaweizi fault depression are typical ＂high-efficiency gas sources＂, the natural gas generated from them has a high migration and accumulation efficiency, and consequently a large-scale natural gas accumulation occurred in the area. The highly/over matured coal measures in the Xujiaweizi fault depression generate coaliferous gas with a high δ^13C1 value （〉 -20‰） at the late stage, making the carbon isotope composition of organic alkane gases abnormally heavy. In addition, the mixing and dissipation through the caprock of natural gas can result in the negative carbon isotope sequence （δ^13C1 〉δ^13C2 〉δ^13C3 〉δ^13C4） of organic alkane gases, and the dissipation can also lead to the abnormally heavy carbon isotope composition of organic alkane gases. As for the discovery of inorganic nonhydrocarbon gas reservoirs, it can only serve as an accessorial evidence rather than a direct evidence that the hydrocarbon gas is inorganic. As a result, it needs stronger evidence to classify the hydrocarbon natural gas in the Xujiaweizi fault depression as inorganic gas.

Evolution of Tectonic Uplift, Hydrocarbon Migration, and Uranium Mineralization in the NW Junggar Basin： An Apatite Fission-Track Thermochronology Study

The Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic movement largely controls the northwest region of the Junggar Basin（NWJB）, which is a significant area for the exploration of petroleum and sandstone-type uranium deposits in China. This work collected six samples from this sedimentary basin and surrounding mountains to conduct apatite fission track（AFT） dating, and utilized the dating results for thermochronological modeling to reconstruct the uplift history of the NWJB and its response to hydrocarbon migration and uranium mineralization. The results indicate that a single continuous uplift event has occurred since the Early Cretaceous, showing spatiotemporal variation in the uplift and exhumation patterns throughout the NWJB. Uplift and exhumation initiated in the northwest and then proceeded to the southeast, suggesting that the fault system induced a post spread-thrust nappe into the basin during the Late Yanshanian. Modeling results indicate that the NWJB mountains have undergone three distinct stages of rapid cooling： Early Cretaceous（ca. 140–115 Ma）, Late Cretaceous（ca. 80–60 Ma）, and Miocene–present（since ca. 20 Ma）. These three stages regionally correspond to the LhasaEurasian collision during the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous（ca. 140–125 Ma）, the Lhasa-Gandise collision during the Late Cretaceous（ca. 80–70 Ma）, and a remote response to the India-Asian collision since ca. 55 Ma, respectively. These tectonic events also resulted in several regional unconformities between the J3/K1, K2/E, and E/N, and three large-scale hydrocarbon injection events in the Piedmont Thrust Belt（PTB）. Particularly, the hydrocarbon charge event during the Early Cretaceous resulted in the initial inundation and protection of paleo-uranium ore bodies that were formed during the Middle–Late Jurassic. The uplift and denudation of the PTB was extremely slow from 40 Ma onward due to a slight influence from the Himalayan orogeny. However, the uplift of the PTB was faster after the Miocene, which led to re-uplift and exposure at the surface during the Quaternary, resulting in its oxidation and the formation of small uranium ore bodies.

Features and dynamic mechanisms of Cenozoic tectonic migration and its impact on the hydrocarbon accumulation in the northern South China Sea

The northern continental margin of the South China Sea （SCS） is located within the tectonic system of Southeast Asia, an area with a great deal of tectonic migration due to the regional tectonic movements. The available geological and geophysical data of the area are comprehensively analyzed in order to demonstrate the typical migration patterns of the Cenozoic tectonics in the northern SCS caused by the episodes of the Cenozoic tectonic movement. Furthermore, the lateral variation characteristics of the strata and the differ- ent evolution patterns of the main basins＇ features are assessed. It primarily focus on： （1） the Cenozoic epi- sodic rifting from north to south in the continental margin of the northern SCS; （2） the rifting and depression time of the main basins progressively become younger as one goes from north to south, signifying that the migration of both the tectonics and the sediments within the northern SCS travelled from north to south during the Cenozoic; and （3） the lateral tectonic migration on the direction of EW is not regular in total, but in some local areas the trending of the tectonic migration is from west to east. The analysis of the tectonic migration features of the northern SCS, in combination with the regional tectonic evolution background, indicates that the observed remote lagging effect, resulted from the India-Eurasia plate collision, is the main dynamic mechanism involved in the tectonic migration within the northern SCS. The tectonic migration has significant influence on both the organization of petroleum deposits and on the hydrocarbon accumulation within the basins in the northern SCS; comprehensive understanding of this dynamic system is of great reference value in predicting the hydrocarbon accumulation and has the potential to have an enormous impact in discovering new deep reservoirs for the future oil-gas exploration.

The characteristics of unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene and its significance in hydrocarbon migration in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar Basin, Northwest China

The unconformity surface at the bottom of the Paleogene, located in the Sikeshu Sag of the Junggar Basin, Northwest China, is one of the most important hydrocarbon migration pathways and characterized by 3 layers of upper coarse clastic rock, lower weathering crust and leached zone. The upper coarse clastic rock displays features of higher density, lower SDT and gamma-ray logging while the weathering crust in the lower part displays opposite features. The formation water is of NaHCO 3 type but at lower mineralization degree. The QGF indices are generally between 2.19 and 3.77 and the GOI parameters vary from 1% to 5%. From the southeast to the northwest of the sag, the content of saturated hydrocarbon increases from 30.81% to 53.74% while that of non-hydrocarbon and asphaltene decreases. The Pr/nC 17 decreases from 0.65 to 0.47 while the Ph/nC 18 decreases from 0.66 to 0.27, and the content of benzo[c] carbazole declines while the benzo[a] carbazole amount and (alkyl carbazole)/(alkyl+benzo carbazole) ratio both increase. These revealed that the hydrocarbons migrated from the sag to the ramp region along the unconformity surface.

Hydrocarbon migration characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous in the Erlian Basin

The paper systematically analyzes the hydrocarbon migration characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous in the Erlian Basin, based on the geochemical data of mudstone and sandstone in the main hydrocarbon-generating sags. (1) The source rocks in K1ba and K1bt1 are estimated to be the mature ones, their hydrocarbon expulsion ratio can reach 32%-72%. The Type-I sags in oil windows possess good hydrocarbon generation and expulsion conditions, where commercial reservoirs can be formed. (2) According to the curves of the mudstone compaction and evolution of clay minerals, the rapid compaction stage of mudstones is the right time of hydrocarbon expulsion, i.e., primary migration. (3) The timing between hydrocarbon generation and expulsion is mainly related to the accordance of the oil window and the rapid compaction stage of mudstones in the hydrocarbon generation sags of Type-I. That forms the most matching relation between hydrocarbon generation and migration. (4) The faults and unconformities are the important paths for the secondary hydrocarbon migration. Especially, the unconformity between K1ba and K1bt1 has a favorable condition for oil accumulation, where the traps of all types are the main exploration targets. (5) Hydrocarbon migration effect, in the Uliastai sag, is most significant; that in the Saihan Tal and Anan sags comes next, and that in the Bayandanan and Jargalangt sags is worst.

Gas source of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the Zhongjiang large gas field of Western Sichuan Depression:Constraints from geochemical characteristics of light hydrocarbons

The Zhongjiang gas field is a typical large gas field in terrigenous strata of the Western Sichuan Depression.It remains debatable which member of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation served as the source rocks and how significant the member contributed to the gas accumulations in the Zhongjiang gas field.In this study,we analyzed the essential characteristics of the Lower Jurassic source rocks and the geochemical features of light hydrocarbons in natural gas from the 2nd(T_(3)χ^(2))and 4th members(T_(3)χ^(4))of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation(T_(3)χ),as well as the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao(J_(2)s)and Qianfoya(J_(2)q)formations.Based on this,we explored the sources of the natural gas in the Zhongjiang gas field and determined the natural gas migration patterns and their effects on the properties of light hydrocarbons in the natural gas.The results indicate that the Lower Jurassic lacustrine source rocks of the Zhongjiang gas field contain humic organic matter,with vitrinite reflectance(R_(0))values ranging from 0.86%to 0.98%.Samples meeting the criterion for effective source rocks[total organic carbon(TOC)content≥0.75%]exhibited an average TOC content of merely 1.02%,suggesting significantly lower hydrocarbon generation potential than source rocks in the underlying T3x,which show higher thermal maturity and TOC contents.For natural gas samples from T_(3)χ^(2),T_(3)χ^(4),J_(2)s,and J_(2)q reservoirs,their C_(5-7)iso-alkane content was significantly higher than their n-alkane content,and their methylcyclohexane(MCH)index ranged from 59.0%to 77.3%,indicating the predominance of methylcyclohexane in C_(7)light hydrocarbons.As indicated by the origin identification and gas-source correlation based on the geochemical features of light hydrocarbons,the natural gas in the Zhongjiang gas field is typical coal-derived gas.The gas from the primary pay zone of the Shaximiao Formation,with significantly high K_(1),(P_(2)+N_(2))/C_(7),and P_(3)/C_(7)values,predominantly originated from the 5th member of the T3x and migrated in the free phase,with a small amount possibly sourced from the Lower Jurassic source rocks.The dissolution and adsorption during gas migration led to a decrease in the aromatic content in C_(6-7)light hydrocarbons and an increase in the isoheptane values.Therefore,their effects must be considered when determining the gas origin and thermal maturity based on the aromatic content in C_(6-7) light hydrocarbons and iso-heptane values.

Geopresure Field and Hydrocarbon Migration in Weixinan Depresion

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Artificial Neural Network Model of Hydrocarbon Migration and Accumulation

Based on the dynamic simulation of the 3 D structure the sedimentary modeling, the unit entity model has been adopted to transfer the heterogeneous complex passage system into limited simple homogeneous entity, and then the traditional dynamic simulation has been used to calculate the phase and the drive forces of the hydrocarbon , and the artificial neural network(ANN) technology has been applied to resolve such problems as the direction, velocity and quantity of the hydrocarbon migration among the unit entities. Through simulating of petroleum migration and accumulation in Zhu Ⅲ depression, the complex mechanism of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation has been opened out.

Migration and fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bioretention systems with different media:experiments and simulations

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)present significant risks to human health owing to their carcinogenic,teratogenic,and mutagenic properties.The contamination of surface water with PAHs via runoff has become a prominent source of water pollution.While the capacity of bioretention systems to remove PAHs from runoff is recognized,the dynamics of PAH migration and degradation in these systems are not well-understood.This study aims to explain the migration and fate of PAHs in bioretention systems through a series of experiments and model simulations.This study constructed bioretention systems with three different media types and found that these systems achieved PAH load reductions exceeding 92%.Notably,naphthalene(NAP),fluoranthene(FLT),and pyrene(PYR)tended to accumulate in the media’s upper layer,at depths of 10 to 40 cm.To further analyze the migration and fate of PAHs during multi-site rainfall events and across prolonged operation,we applied the HYDRUS-1D model under three distinct scenarios.The findings of this study indicated that NAP degraded in 40 d,whereas FLT and PYR showed incomplete degradation after 120 d.During continuous rainfall events,there was no clear pattern of PAH accumulation;however,FLT and PYR persisted in the bioretention systems.The combination of experimental and simulation findings highlights the inevitable accumulation of PAHs during extended use of bioretention systems.This research provides a theoretical basis for improving operational efficiency,advancing PAH degradation in bioretention systems,and reducing their toxicity.

Group classification of mixed oils in central Junggar Basin,Northwest China and their migration

The produced oils in central Junggar Basin are commonly mixed in origin.In this paper,in order to reveal this complexity and thereby provide valuable clues to the study of oil source and formation mechanism,genetic groups of the mixed oils were classified and their migration/accumulation was investigated.Based on the artificial oil mixing experiments,some representative biomarkers of the mixed oils showed varying tendencies according to mixing ratios of the oils.Hence,these biomarkers are useful for determining the origin of the mixed oils.According to the criteria,oils in the area were divided into four basic groups,i.e.,the Lower Permian Fengcheng oil,the Middle Permian Lower Wuerhe oil,the Jurassic source derived oil,and the mixed oil(including the Lower and Middle Permian mixed oil and the Permian and Jurassic mixed oil).Oil migration and accumulation were discussed in combination with the geological background.

东濮凹陷北部古近系沙三段超压岩性油气藏成藏机理

东濮凹陷深部储层致密,超压广泛发育,油气生运聚过程复杂。利用测井、录井、钻井及地球化学分析等资料,对东濮凹陷北部古近系沙三段超压的形成机制、超压对源岩与储层的影响以及油气运移动力进行了系统研究,并阐明深层超压岩性油气藏的成藏机理。研究结果表明:(1)东濮凹陷北部古近系沙三段超压岩性油气藏类型主要包括砂岩上倾尖灭油气藏、砂岩透镜体油气藏、裂缝油气藏3种纯岩性油气藏和岩性-构造油气藏、构造-岩性油气藏2种复合油气藏。岩性油气藏主要分布于东濮凹陷北部地区,尤其在前梨园洼陷、海通集洼陷、柳屯洼陷及濮城—卫城洼陷周边,具有“环洼有序分布”的特征。(2)研究区厚层膏盐岩发育及生烃过程产生的深层超压对烃源岩的生烃具有抑制作用,有效扩大了生油窗,增强了深部源岩的生烃能力,促进了其对环洼岩性油气藏的大规模近源供烃;膏盐岩发育、早期快速埋藏、超压的抗压实作用和晚期发育的溶蚀作用控制了优质储层的分布;深部广泛发育的超压和浮力协同作用为深层油气运移提供了有效动力。(3)研究区东部洼陷带为“单洼单源、早混相晚气相、自生自储、超压驱动运聚”成藏模式;东部陡坡带为“单洼多源、早混相晚气相、超压-浮力驱动侧向运聚”成藏模式;西部斜坡带为“单洼多源、油相、超压-浮力驱动侧向运聚”成藏模式;西部洼陷带为“单洼单源、油相、超压-浮力驱动侧向运聚”成藏模式。

天然气运移轻烃地球化学示踪--以鄂尔多斯盆地东胜气田为例

基于天然气中轻烃化合物组成分析和区域性对比,结合组分和甲烷碳同位素组成特征,揭示轻烃地球化学特征对鄂尔多斯盆地东胜气田上古生界天然气运移和水溶及逸散等示踪作用,探讨运移作用对特定轻烃指标的关联效应。研究表明:①东胜气田二叠系下石盒子组天然气C5−7异构烷烃含量高于正构烷烃,C6−7轻烃组成呈链烷烃优势分布且芳香烃含量明显偏低(小于4.0%),C7轻烃主体呈甲基环己烷优势分布,整体表现出煤成气特征且受到了水溶等作用影响;②东胜气田天然气经历了自南向北的游离相运移,并在充注后发生不同程度的水溶作用,其中泊尔江海子断裂以北什股壕地区天然气在聚集后具有明显的散失;③长距离的游离相运移导致天然气C7轻烃中甲基环己烷相对含量和甲苯/正庚烷值降低、正庚烷/甲基环己烷值和庚烷值增大,水溶作用导致轻烃异庚烷值增大,天然气散失导致什股壕地区天然气中C5−7正构烷烃相对异构烷烃含量增加。

塔里木盆地北部富满地区超深层走滑断裂带碳酸盐岩油气差异成藏成因探讨

塔里木盆地北部超深层走滑断裂体系海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探开发近年来取得了重大突破,但富满油田油气分布与富集特征差异显著,走滑断裂控制下的超深层油气差异成藏机理尚不清楚。研究了富满地区走滑断裂几何结构及其演化过程,探讨其在油气运聚成藏中的作用,分析油气成藏富集机理,提出了油气富集主控因素。研究结果表明:(1)研究区走滑断裂经历了早期伸展或弱挤压,中期压扭、伸展或平移走滑,晚期定型、继承发育或张扭反转的动力学演化过程。FI5断裂带和FI17断裂带挤压、剪切和拉张应力交替发育,不同部位演化差异明显,FI7断裂带和FI16断裂带以剪切应力和拉张应力为主,演化过程相对简单。(2)演化过程不同的断裂形成了不同的几何结构,造成通源性、输导性与储集性强弱差异配置不同,从而形成了3种不同的油气充注方式。FI5断裂带和FI16断裂带油气以垂向充注为主,FI7断裂带油气以侧向运移调整为主,FI17断裂带为垂向充注-侧向运移复合型。(3)断裂演化过程差异控制了油气充注过程。东部断裂晚期活动性强,喜马拉雅期高成熟裂解气大量充注成藏,形成了“西油东气”的格局。断裂带内不同部位演化过程差异加剧了断裂内油气性质变化的复杂性。(4)垂向充注型油气藏中通源性、输导性和储集性的耦合配置关系控制了油气富集程度,充注期次差异控制了油气性质变化,油气侧向运移为主的油气藏中储集性及侧向连通程度控制了油气富集程度及油气性质的变化。

库车前陆冲断带构造分层变形特征

库车前陆冲断带地震资料信噪比低,具有多解性。利用高分辨率三维地震、钻井、油气分析化验等资料,对库车前陆冲断带地层组合进行系统描述,精细解释构造模型,深入剖析油气成藏体系,认为库车前陆冲断带发育古近系和新近系膏盐岩层及三叠系和侏罗系煤层2套滑脱层,具有分层滑脱、垂向叠置、多期变形的特征,浅层构造发育盖层滑脱褶皱,深层发育基底卷入式叠瓦状逆冲构造,膏盐岩层和煤层发生滑脱塑性变形,发育加里东运动期、海西运动晚期—印支运动期和燕山运动期—喜马拉雅运动期3期断裂,海西运动晚期—印支运动期构造控制中生界沉积,由北向南具有超覆减薄的特征。库车前陆冲断带分层构造变形控制油气分层运聚,煤层以上的油气主要来自侏罗系烃源岩,煤层之下的油气主要来自三叠系,三叠系烃源岩生烃量占60%,大量油气仍保存在煤层之下。

中国含油气盆地不同构造样式及其油气地质意义

多类型构造样式的控油气作用是油气勘探面临的重要科学问题。基于前人研究认识成果、勘探经验的总结,对中国含油气盆地内不同构造样式的演化及成因模式进行了系统梳理,解析了不同构造样式对油气成藏的控制作用。研究认为:①中国含油气盆地主要发育伸展构造、收缩构造、走滑构造和叠加构造4种构造样式。伸展构造主要控制盆地建造过程,收缩构造、走滑构造主要控制盆地改造过程。②不同构造类型的控油气作用差异明显,伸展构造主要控制盆地烃源岩、有利储集体和盖层等油气聚集成藏要素的发育,收缩构造、走滑构造和叠加构造主要控制油气运移与圈闭条件的演化。③在构造与其他要素复合作用下,断裂自身也可以作为一类储集体,成为油气聚集的空间,这一类断裂油气藏是当前油气勘探的新领域。

断盖配置组合下、中、上部油气运聚空间纵向分布刻画方法及其应用

为了搞清含油气盆地断裂与盖层配置(简称断盖配置)组合下、中、上部油气纵向分布规律,在断盖配置组合封闭特征及其下油气运聚空间纵向分布研究的基础上,通过油源断裂输导油气部位和油源断裂与上中下区域性泥岩盖层配置封闭和不封闭部位叠合,建立了一套断盖配置组合下、中、上部油气运聚空间纵向分布的刻画方法,并利用其刻画了渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷港东断裂与沙河街组一段中亚段(简称沙一中亚段)、东营组二段(简称东二段)和明化镇组区域性泥岩盖层配置组合油气运聚空间纵向分布,结果表明:港东断裂与沙一中亚段、东二段和明化镇组区域性泥岩盖层配置组合沙一下亚段油气运聚空间纵向分布主要在其东部和西部,港东断裂与沙一中亚段、东二段和明化镇组区域性泥岩盖层配置组合东三段和馆陶组油气运聚空间纵向分布主要在其中部。港东断裂与沙一中亚段、东二段和明化镇组配置组合沙一下亚段油气运聚空间纵向分布相对发育,有利于油气运聚成藏,港东断裂与沙一中亚段、东二段和明化镇组配置组合东三段和馆陶组油气运聚空间纵向分布相对不发育,不利于油气运聚成藏,与目前港东断裂处沙一下亚段、东三段和馆陶组内已发现油气分布相吻合,表明该方法用于刻画断盖配置组合下、中、上部油气运聚空间纵向分布是可行的。

页岩油微运移识别、评价及其石油地质意义

以准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷下二叠统风城组页岩为例,综合岩心观察、测试分析、地质剖析和数值模拟等方法,识别页岩层系石油微运移现象,采用自主研发的排烃潜力法定量评价页岩油微运移烃量并进行了可靠性验证,指出页岩油微运移评价的石油地质意义。研究表明:页岩层系富有机质纹层和贫有机质纹层之间存在明显的页岩油微运移,富有机质纹层生烃能力强,生成烃类的重质组分优先与干酪根溶胀或吸附滞留,轻组分以游离态运移到与其互层的长英质或碳酸盐贫有机质纹层富集;玛页1井风城组69%的页岩存在外来运移烃的充注,31%的页岩发生了排烃作用。综合基于地质色层效应的族组分、二维核磁共振以及无机锰元素在烃类运移过程中的地球化学行为等分析,验证了微运移评价结果的可靠性;微运移是连接页岩层系各个油气聚集要素的桥梁,贯穿页岩油从生成、排出到富集的全过程,影响页岩油的含量和组分。页岩油微运移识别与评价结果,将为揭示页岩油动态差异富集机制、建立页岩“多级生油高峰”模式提供新视角。