Methane reforming with CO_2 to syngas over CeO_2-promoted Ni/Al_2O_3-ZrO_2 catalysts prepared via a direct sol-gel process

CeO2-promoted Ni/Al2O3-ZrO2 （Ni/Al2O3-ZrO2-CeO2） catalysts were prepared by a direct sol-gel process with citric acid as gelling agent. The catalysts used for the methane reforming with CO2 was studied by infrared spectroscopy （IR）, thermal gravimetric analysis （TGA）, microscopic analysis, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and temperature-programmed reduction （TPR）. The catalytic performance for CO2 reforming of methane to synthesis gas was investigated in a continuous-flow micro-reactor under atmospheric pressure. TGA, IR, XRD and microscopic analysis show that the catalysts prepared by the direct sol-gel process consist of Ni particles with a nanostructure of around 5 nm and an amorphous-phase composite oxide support. There exists a chemical interaction between metallic Ni particles and supports, which makes metallic Ni well dispersed, highly active and stable. The addition of CeO2 effectively improves the dispersion and the stability of Ni particles of the prepared catalysts, and enhances the adsorption of CO2 on the surface of catalysts. The catalytic tests for methane reforming with CO2 to synthesis gas show that the Ni/Al2O3-ZrO2-CeO2 catalysts show excellent activity and stability compared with the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst. The excellent catalytic activity and stability of the Ni/Al2O3-ZrO2-CeO2 are attributed to the highly, uniformly and stably dispersed small metallic Ni particles, the high reducibility of the Ni oxides and the interaction between metallic Ni particles and the composite oxide supports.

Modeling, Simulation and Optimization of a Whole Industrial Catalytic Naphtha Reforming Process on Aspen Plus Platform

A new 18-lump kinetic model for naphtha catalytic reforming reactions is discussed. By developing this model as a user module, a whole industrial continuous catalytic reforming process is simulated on Aspen plus plat-form. The technique utilizes the strong databases, complete sets of modules, and flexible simulation tools of the Aspen plus system and retains the characteristics of the proposed kinetic model. The calculated results are in fair agreement with the actual operating data. Based on the model of the whole reforming process, the process is opti-mized and the optimization results are tested in the actual industrial unit for about two months. The test shows that the process profit increases about 1000yuan·h-1 averagely, which is close to the calculated result.

Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of a Commercial Naphtha Catalytic Reforming Process

A first principles-based dynamic model for a continuous catalyst regeneration (CCR) platforming process, the UOP commercial naphtha catalytic reforming process, is developed in this paper. The lumping details of the naphtha feed and reaction scheme of the reaction model are given. The process model is composed of the reforming reaction model with catalyst deactivation, the furnace model and the separator model, which is capable of capturing the major dynamics that occurs in this process system. Dynamic simulations are performed based on Gear numerical algorithm and method of lines (MOL), a numerical technique dealing with partial differential equations (PDEs). The results of simulation are also presented. Dynamic responses caused by disturbances in the process system can be correctly predicted through simulations.

Effects of Promoters on the Ignition Process over NiO/Al_2O_3 Catalyst for Autothermal Reforming of Methane to Hydrogen

The catalysts Ni/Al2O3, Ni/ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 and Ni/CuO-ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 were prepared by the co-precipitation method at a pH of 9 using Na2CO3 as the precipitant. The Ni loading(mass fraction) of the catalysts was 10%. The ignition process on the catalysts for the autothermal reforming of methane to hydrogen was investigated and the surface properties of the catalysts were characterized by XPS. The results showed that the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst could not ignite the process of autothermal reforming of methane to hydrogen. However, the Ni/CuO-ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst could ignite the process of autothermal reforming of methane to hydrogen at lower reaction temperature(650 ℃) with the conversion of methane reaching 76%. The result of XPS analysis indicated that the promoters could change the binding energy(BE) of Ni2p3/2 obviously. The species of Cu in the Ni/CuO-ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst comprised Cu2 O and Cu2+. The formation of ZrO2-CeO2 solid solution and a large amount of Cu2 O might be the reason leading to good oxygen storage capacity and mobility of lattice oxygen of the Ni/CuO-ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst, which could ignite the process of autothermal reforming of methane to hydrogen at lower reaction temperature.

Catalytic performances of Ni/mesoporous SiO_2 catalysts for dry reforming of methane to hydrogen

Several mesoporous silicas with different morphologies were controllably prepared by sol-gel method with adjustable ratio of dual template, and they were further impregnated with aqueous solution of nickel nitrate, followed by calcination in air. The synthesized silica supports and supported nickel samples were characterized using N2-adsorption/desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), H2temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA-DTG) techniques. The Ni nanoparticles supported on shell-like silica are highly dispersed and yielded much narrower nickel particle-size than those on other mesoporous silica. The methane reforming with dioxide carbon reaction results showed that Ni nanoparticles supported on shell-like silica carrier exhibited the better catalytic performance and catalytic stability than those of nickel catalyst supported on other silica carrier. The thermo-gravimetric analysis on used nickel catalysts uncovered that catalyst deactivation depends on the type and nature of the coke deposited. The heterogeneous nature of the deposited coke was observed on nickel nanoparticles supported on spherical and peanut-like silica. Much narrower and lower TGA derivative peak was founded on Ni catalyst supported on the shell-like silica. © 2016 Science Press

Review on Innovative Catalytic Reforming of Natural Gas to Syngas

Decreasing supplies of high quality crude oil and increasing demand for high quality distillates have motivated the interest in converting natural gas to liquid fuels, especially with the present boom in natural gas proven reserves. Nevertheless, one major issue is the curtailment of costs incurred in producing synthesis gas from natural gas, which account for approximately 60% of the costs used in producing liquid fuels. While there are three main routes to convert natural gas to syngas: steam reforming (SMR), partial Oxidation (POX) and auto-thermal reforming (ATR). Significant new developments and improvements in these technologies, established innovative processes to minimize greenhouse gases emission, minimize energy consumption, enhance syngas processes, adjust the desired H2/CO ratio and change the baseline economics. This article reviews the state of the art for the reforming of natural gas to synthesis gas taking into consideration all the new innovations in both processes and catalysis.

Experiments on Development of Channel Pattern in the Process of River Reformation

The changing of flow conditions caused by construction of hydro-projects will result in river's refor- mation and development of channel pattern.In this paper,the development of channel pattern in the process of reformation is studied by means of flume experiments.Influence of slope,grain size,angle-of-inflow,dis- charge and discharge process are comprehensively analyzed according to the experimental data.It was found that the channel would be widened as the river slope or discharge increased and grain s...

Development and Commercial Application of Ultra-Low Pressure Naphtha Reforming Technology with Continuous Catalyst Regeneration

The development history and major technological innovations of the ultra-low pressure naphtha reforming technology with continuous catalyst regeneration in China were introduced.This technology had been adopted by the 1.0 Mt/a CCR unit at the Guangzhou Company.The appropriate catalyst was selected to meet the demand of the unit capacity,the feedstock,and the product slate.The design parameters,including the reaction pressure,the octane number of C5+liquid product,the reaction temperature,the space velocity,the hydrogen/oil molar ratio,and the catalyst circulating rate,were chosen based on the study of process conditions and parameters.The commercial test results showed that the research octane number of C5+product reached 104 when the capacity of the CCR unit was 100%and 115%of the design value.The other technical targets attained or exceeded the expected value.

Bring into Full Play the Role of Catalytic Reforming Unit

This article after analyzing the current status of catalytic reforming technology in China puts forward a host of problems related with catalytic reforming capacity, feedstock, size and techno-economic indicators. To solve these problems it is proposed to properly increase the catalytic reforming capacity,extend the feedstock source, and eliminate the bottlenecks to boost the capacity of existing units, improve the operating and management level, as well as speed up R&D work, disseminate new technologies, new processes and novel catalysts.

A Practical Exploration of Process Assessment Teaching Reform

In order to effectively promote higher education reform,colleges and universities should focus not only on basic knowledge learning,but also on improving students’quality,skills,and comprehensive literacy.Through practical experience,it can be seen that the cultivation of students’comprehensive quality needs to be implemented in all teaching links,among which the assessment link is no exception.In order to enhance the effectiveness and advanced nature of the teaching evaluation mechanism,it is necessary for colleges and universities to reform the real-time process assessment.Other educational departments should also pay more attention and place importance on this work,integrating it with the curriculum to optimize the evaluation link.

基于培养新型高阶中医药人才的中药炮制教学改革

在实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的大背景下,我国政府出台多项政策推动中医药发展,同时也对培养符合时代和社会需求的中医药人才提出更高的要求。中药炮制是中医药的重要特色,该课程在中药人才培养中具有重要的地位。文章以培养新型高阶中医药人才为教育目标,从教学理念、教学方法、评价体系3个方面对中药炮制教学进行了大胆的改革与实践。结果表明,在教学相长的同时,教学改革不仅大大增强了学生们的专业自信、文化自信,更激发了学生们改革创新的意识、对行业发展的思考和对民族复兴的责任感。

课程思政融入畜产品加工学教学体系的探索与实践

课程思政是当前高校课堂教学改革的重要内容,也是落实立德树人根本任务的重要举措。在充分肯定畜产品加工学融入课程思政教育的基础上,从明确课程目标、深挖课程思政要素与案例、优化教学方法、完善评价方式4个方面系统介绍了课程思政融入畜产品加工学教学体系的探索和实践过程,旨在为相关专业课程的课程思政建设提供参考。

科技英文与论文写作研究生课程教学改革与实践

通过对非英语专业研究生在科技论文写作中存在的问题和困难进行分析,以研究生科技英文与论文写作课程为依托,该文从课程的课程教学内容、教学评价、教学实践、教学意义及作用探讨,以及将思政元素融入教学五个方面进行改革和探索,提高学生的科技论文写作能力,端正学生的学生道德情操,为国家研究生培养高素质人才奠定基础。

高校农业机械化及其自动化专业教学改革创新探索——以“农产品加工”课程为例

专业课程教学改革与创新是高校主动适应立德树人建设教育强国形势,将价值塑造、知识传授和能力培养三者融为一体,培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人的重要举措。以农业机械化及其自动化专业课程“农产品加工”为例,分析了专业课程在传统教学中存在的问题,从深化教育理念、遴选精致教材、改革教学方法、优化课程内容、加强课程思政、完善实践体系、提升教师团队等方面对专业课程进行了教学改革与创新探索,以培养符合我国社会主义新农村建设及现代农业发展需求的应用复合型人才。

基于信息化理念的研究生管理流程改革与实践——以中国地质大学(北京)为例

信息化是提高研究生管理水平的重要手段。笔者以中国地质大学(北京)研究生培养流程为研究对象,梳理以往管理过程中出现的信息盲区、漏洞和主要问题,改变传统的以信息化手段模拟管理流程的方法,提出以信息化理念和手段构建新的管理模式,提升管理水平。改变以培养计划为核心的单线管理流程,建立了培养计划、排课选课、成绩查询三线并行的新式管理流程。近几年的实践表明,优化后的管理流程提升了管理水平,提高了工作效率,极大方便了广大师生,在研究生培养方面每年减少70%以上的工作量,适应了学校研究生全过程-全方位开放式育人模式的新要求,取得了较好的应用效果。

省一流专业引领下“粮油加工副产物综合利用”课程创新创业元素的设计与实践

建设一流专业,深化课程改革,将创新创业教育融入人才培养全过程,持续提升创新创业教育水平,是培养大学生科技人才的重要途径。基于省一流专业建设背景下,本文根据《粮油加工副产物综合利用》课程性质与特点,围绕教学目标,在创新创业教育理念指导下,探索开发与实施粮食工程专业大学生实践案例教学的方法。为改善课程授课形式单一、实践教学环节薄弱、教学评估维度单一等教学现实困境,通过产业案例启发教学、课堂展示、小组创新实验设计开发、科学家精神培育及延伸第二课堂科创竞赛教学等改进举措和多维评估持续机制,以构建基于“课堂-实验-实践”建设思路的“三位一体”创新创业教学协同育人平台,多维度激发学生创新创业能力。以期通过专业课程为载体,搭建平台育人体系,推动专业知识与学生创新创业能力的平衡发展,从而提高粮食工程创新创业人才培养水平。

《过程工艺及设备》课程思政教学模式与方法的实践研究

《过程工艺及设备》是针对资源循环科学与工程专业本科生开设的一门重要的、实用的专业必修课。本文以资源循环科学与工程专业核心课《过程工艺及设备》为对象开展课程思政教学改革实践,从教学现状分析、课程思政教学目标制定、课程思政教学改革方法实施和课程思政教学评价体系构建等方面对专业核心课课程思政教学改革进行探讨。对专业课开展思政教育的意义及如何将思政元素引入课程教学环节进行了初步探索,提出实际授课过程中将思政元素有机融合进专业课程教学的相关途径,旨在培养学生的专业能力,提升其综合素质,培养学生成为社会主义建设者和接班人。

矿物加工学-浮选课课程思政教学改革与探索

立德树人是教育的根本任务,将思想政治教育融入课程教学内容和教学过程,是实现“三全育人”目标的有效手段。以矿物加工学-浮选课程为例,围绕“思想引领、知识传授、能力提升”三位一体的课程建设目标,构建知识、能力和素质三层次教学目标,重组知识模块,实现教学内容对课程目标的有效支撑,并深入挖掘课程的德育内涵和元素,设计和优化教学的各个环节,把社会主义核心价值理念融入教育教学全过程,以期为课程思政建设工作提供启发。

矿物加工工程专业研究方法课程改革与实践

“研究方法”是矿物加工工程专业本科生的必修核心专业课,课程具有综合性和实践性强的特点,其目的是培养学生综合运用所学基础理论、专业知识分析和解决实际科学问题的能力,为从事矿物加工及相关行业的研究开发工作奠定基础。但在新工科背景下,矿物加工的研究领域不限于传统的矿产资源,而是扩展到非传统矿产资源、固废资源、二次资源等的选冶联合处理;同时研究方法、测试手段等也取得长足的进步;现有的研究方法教学内容设置与新时代卓越工程师培养要求存在较大差距。为适应矿物加工人才培养的新要求,构筑资源加工研究方法学科交叉知识新体系,并对教学方法和评价体系进行改革。

研究生专业技术课程科教融合的创新实践探索--以微弱信号检测与处理课程为例

研究生教育是我国高等教育体系的重要组成部分,肩负着培养具备创新能力的科技领域人才的神圣使命。在新工科背景下,如何实现课堂教学与科学研究融合、达到学术素养和工程能力共同提升的培养目标,已成为高校教育教学改革面临的新课题。该文选取北京航空航天大学仪器科学与技术和光学工程两个一级学科开设的专业技术课微弱信号检测与处理,阐述在研究生专业技术课程教学中,通过融入本学科在国内具有影响力和技术优势的光纤陀螺、光纤电流互感器、空芯光纤微弱散射光检测三个典型科研实例,进行科教融合、提高教学质量的创新实践探索。