The present study is a contribution to the study of hybrid electric power conversion systems in rural areas.The approach adopted uses a methodology for analyzing the complementarity that exists between the two renewab...The present study is a contribution to the study of hybrid electric power conversion systems in rural areas.The approach adopted uses a methodology for analyzing the complementarity that exists between the two renewable energy potentials(solar and hydraulic)based on their daily,monthly and annual variations.The different analytical formulas for sizing a PV(photovoltaic)field and a small hydroelectric power station are recalled in this work.The HOMER software served as a tool for optimal sizing and simulation of the system.This work focuses on the analysis of the behavior and control of the performances of a hybrid system made up of two renewable energy sources,hydroelectricity/PV with a storage system and a converter.The main results obtained relate to:monitoring of the variation in temperature variation,solar irradiation of the site,as well as the flow of the watercourse.The profile of the village’s annual charges is known.The annual production of electrical energy is 527.936 kWh/year.The hydroelectric plant will provide 155.316 kWh/year,or 29%,and for the PV field(372.620 kWh/year),or 71%.The monthly energy average is 43.995 kWh/month.The average daily consumption is 731 kWh/d with a maximum power of 163 kW.The completion of this project makes it possible to cover all electrical loads in the Tamagaly district,with an annual energy production of 206.783 kWh.This would make it possible to locally limit greenhouse gas emissions in the area.展开更多
Reservoirs provide a variety of services with economic values across multiple sectors. As demands for reservoir services continue to grow and precipitation patterns evolve, it becomes ever more important to consider t...Reservoirs provide a variety of services with economic values across multiple sectors. As demands for reservoir services continue to grow and precipitation patterns evolve, it becomes ever more important to consider the integrated suite of values and tradeoffs that attend changes in water uses and availability. Section 316 (b) of the Clean Water Act requires that owners of certain water cooled power plants evaluate technologies and operational measures that can reduce their impacts to aquatic organisms. The studies must discuss the social costs and benefits of alternative technologies including cooling towers (79 Fed. Reg. 158, 48300 - 48439). Cooling towers achieve their effect through evaporation. This manuscript estimates the property value, recreation, and hydroelectric generation impacts that could result from the evaporative water loss associated with installing cooling towers at the McGuire Nuclear Generating Station (McGuire) located on Lake Norman, North Carolina. Although this study specifically evaluates the effects of evaporative water loss from cooling towers, its methods are applicable to estimating the economic benefits and costs of a new water user or reduced water input in any complex reservoir system that supports steam electric generation, hydroelectric generation, residential properties, recreation, irrigation, and municipal water use.展开更多
文摘The present study is a contribution to the study of hybrid electric power conversion systems in rural areas.The approach adopted uses a methodology for analyzing the complementarity that exists between the two renewable energy potentials(solar and hydraulic)based on their daily,monthly and annual variations.The different analytical formulas for sizing a PV(photovoltaic)field and a small hydroelectric power station are recalled in this work.The HOMER software served as a tool for optimal sizing and simulation of the system.This work focuses on the analysis of the behavior and control of the performances of a hybrid system made up of two renewable energy sources,hydroelectricity/PV with a storage system and a converter.The main results obtained relate to:monitoring of the variation in temperature variation,solar irradiation of the site,as well as the flow of the watercourse.The profile of the village’s annual charges is known.The annual production of electrical energy is 527.936 kWh/year.The hydroelectric plant will provide 155.316 kWh/year,or 29%,and for the PV field(372.620 kWh/year),or 71%.The monthly energy average is 43.995 kWh/month.The average daily consumption is 731 kWh/d with a maximum power of 163 kW.The completion of this project makes it possible to cover all electrical loads in the Tamagaly district,with an annual energy production of 206.783 kWh.This would make it possible to locally limit greenhouse gas emissions in the area.
文摘Reservoirs provide a variety of services with economic values across multiple sectors. As demands for reservoir services continue to grow and precipitation patterns evolve, it becomes ever more important to consider the integrated suite of values and tradeoffs that attend changes in water uses and availability. Section 316 (b) of the Clean Water Act requires that owners of certain water cooled power plants evaluate technologies and operational measures that can reduce their impacts to aquatic organisms. The studies must discuss the social costs and benefits of alternative technologies including cooling towers (79 Fed. Reg. 158, 48300 - 48439). Cooling towers achieve their effect through evaporation. This manuscript estimates the property value, recreation, and hydroelectric generation impacts that could result from the evaporative water loss associated with installing cooling towers at the McGuire Nuclear Generating Station (McGuire) located on Lake Norman, North Carolina. Although this study specifically evaluates the effects of evaporative water loss from cooling towers, its methods are applicable to estimating the economic benefits and costs of a new water user or reduced water input in any complex reservoir system that supports steam electric generation, hydroelectric generation, residential properties, recreation, irrigation, and municipal water use.
