Today we live in a world of Hydrocarbon Energy Carriers, where Carbon is always used as a Carrier for Hydrogen 1) Biomass (CH1.44O0.66 or C6H12O6);2) Natural Gas [NG] (CH4);3) Water Gas [C+H2O];4) Gasoline (C6H12, C7H...Today we live in a world of Hydrocarbon Energy Carriers, where Carbon is always used as a Carrier for Hydrogen 1) Biomass (CH1.44O0.66 or C6H12O6);2) Natural Gas [NG] (CH4);3) Water Gas [C+H2O];4) Gasoline (C6H12, C7H18, C8H18, etc.);5) Kerosene (C17H36, C18H38, C19H40, C20H42, C21H44, C22H46, etc.) and;6) Crude Oil. The Carbon aggregates are all storable and have worthwhile, logistically manageable energy densities. But whenever recovering Energy from the Carbon molarities, CO2 gets emitted into the atmosphere, while separate use of Hydrogen Energy contents carried by the Carbon moieties would just generate water vapor. Hydrogen is also the most important intermediary in Refineries, hydrogenating lower grade Hydrocarbons into higher potencies, or for removing Sulfur by the formation of Hydrogen Sulfur, that can be dissociated after its segregation from the Hydrocarbon products. But most of the internal Hydrogen yields in Refineries today is used for onsite production of Ammonia as a basis for Energy fertilizers in high performance agriculture. Because Hydrogen is awkward to store and transport, most of it is currently used captive within large size centralized plants as a reactant for producing Hydrocarbon energy carriers, using the Carbon as a carrier for the Hydrogen moieties, to then be distributed over big enough areas for consumption of the such large scale plants’ volumes. With recently proven achievements of Hydrogen production from excess Wind & Solar Power by electrolysis, Hydrogen could become available in abundant quantities, to be distributed locally within the coverage area of the transmission grid such Wind & Solar installations are feeding into. In combination with Carbon as a reactant such abundant Hydrogen could also be synthesized into Hydrocarbon Energy Carriers and substitute fossil commodities.展开更多
为提高能源利用效率,降低碳排放水平,改善虚拟电厂运行效益,构建了基于碱性电解槽宽功率适应模型的风光氢热虚拟电厂(Virtual Power Plant,VPP)模型。将制氢电解槽、氢燃料电池、储氢罐构成氢能系统,代替传统虚拟电厂中的蓄电池,并提出...为提高能源利用效率,降低碳排放水平,改善虚拟电厂运行效益,构建了基于碱性电解槽宽功率适应模型的风光氢热虚拟电厂(Virtual Power Plant,VPP)模型。将制氢电解槽、氢燃料电池、储氢罐构成氢能系统,代替传统虚拟电厂中的蓄电池,并提出碱性电解槽宽功率适应模型,提高电解槽在不同输入功率条件下的适应性。利用氢能系统运行时产生热量对系统负荷实行热电联供,并将电解槽产生氧气出售。在此基础上,使用改进多路无网格光线寻优算法对各设备出力调度与设备容量配置进行优化。仿真结果表明,该算法在计算精度和速度上有一定提高。基于碱性电解槽宽功率适应模型的风光氢热VPP,在降低系统运行成本的同时可以有效应对风、光出力波动,提高风、光消纳水平,减少碳排放。展开更多
文摘Today we live in a world of Hydrocarbon Energy Carriers, where Carbon is always used as a Carrier for Hydrogen 1) Biomass (CH1.44O0.66 or C6H12O6);2) Natural Gas [NG] (CH4);3) Water Gas [C+H2O];4) Gasoline (C6H12, C7H18, C8H18, etc.);5) Kerosene (C17H36, C18H38, C19H40, C20H42, C21H44, C22H46, etc.) and;6) Crude Oil. The Carbon aggregates are all storable and have worthwhile, logistically manageable energy densities. But whenever recovering Energy from the Carbon molarities, CO2 gets emitted into the atmosphere, while separate use of Hydrogen Energy contents carried by the Carbon moieties would just generate water vapor. Hydrogen is also the most important intermediary in Refineries, hydrogenating lower grade Hydrocarbons into higher potencies, or for removing Sulfur by the formation of Hydrogen Sulfur, that can be dissociated after its segregation from the Hydrocarbon products. But most of the internal Hydrogen yields in Refineries today is used for onsite production of Ammonia as a basis for Energy fertilizers in high performance agriculture. Because Hydrogen is awkward to store and transport, most of it is currently used captive within large size centralized plants as a reactant for producing Hydrocarbon energy carriers, using the Carbon as a carrier for the Hydrogen moieties, to then be distributed over big enough areas for consumption of the such large scale plants’ volumes. With recently proven achievements of Hydrogen production from excess Wind & Solar Power by electrolysis, Hydrogen could become available in abundant quantities, to be distributed locally within the coverage area of the transmission grid such Wind & Solar installations are feeding into. In combination with Carbon as a reactant such abundant Hydrogen could also be synthesized into Hydrocarbon Energy Carriers and substitute fossil commodities.
文摘为提高能源利用效率,降低碳排放水平,改善虚拟电厂运行效益,构建了基于碱性电解槽宽功率适应模型的风光氢热虚拟电厂(Virtual Power Plant,VPP)模型。将制氢电解槽、氢燃料电池、储氢罐构成氢能系统,代替传统虚拟电厂中的蓄电池,并提出碱性电解槽宽功率适应模型,提高电解槽在不同输入功率条件下的适应性。利用氢能系统运行时产生热量对系统负荷实行热电联供,并将电解槽产生氧气出售。在此基础上,使用改进多路无网格光线寻优算法对各设备出力调度与设备容量配置进行优化。仿真结果表明,该算法在计算精度和速度上有一定提高。基于碱性电解槽宽功率适应模型的风光氢热VPP,在降低系统运行成本的同时可以有效应对风、光出力波动,提高风、光消纳水平,减少碳排放。
