By studying the light isotopic compositions of carbon,oxygen,and hydrogen,combined with previous research results on the ore-forming source of the deposit,the authors try to uncover its metallogenic origin.The δ^(18)...By studying the light isotopic compositions of carbon,oxygen,and hydrogen,combined with previous research results on the ore-forming source of the deposit,the authors try to uncover its metallogenic origin.The δ^(18)O and δ^(13)C isotope signatures of dolomite samples vary between 10.2 and 13.0‰,and between−7.2 and−5.2‰,respectively,implying that the carbon derives from the upper mantle.δD and δ^(18) O of quartz,biotite,and muscovite from diff erent ore veins of the deposit vary between−82 and−59‰,and between 11.6 and 12.4‰,respectively,implying that the metallogenic solutions are mainly magmatic.According to the relevant research results of many isotope geologists,the fractionation degree of hydrogen isotopes increases as the depth to the Earth’s core increases,and the more diff erentiated the hydrogen isotopes are,the lower their values will be.In other words,mantle-derived solutions can have extremely low hydrogen isotope values.This means that the δD‰ value−134 of the pyrrhotite sample numbered SD-34 in this article may indicate mantle-derived oreforming fl uid of the deposit.The formation of the Dashuigou tellurium deposit occurred between 91.71 and 80.19 Ma.展开更多
1 Introduction Meromictic soda Lake Doroninskoe localized in the intermountain area,filled with continental sediments of the Mesozoic,in the upper basin of the river Amur.Coordinates of its location are N51°14’4...1 Introduction Meromictic soda Lake Doroninskoe localized in the intermountain area,filled with continental sediments of the Mesozoic,in the upper basin of the river Amur.Coordinates of its location are N51°14’42"E112°14’40",展开更多
Fluid/rock interaction occurs frequently in the sandstones near the overpressure top in central Junggar Basin, and carbonate cementation-dissolution is related closely to the formation of secondary pores in the reserv...Fluid/rock interaction occurs frequently in the sandstones near the overpressure top in central Junggar Basin, and carbonate cementation-dissolution is related closely to the formation of secondary pores in the reservoir sandstones. From petrological, hydrochemical and fluid-inclusion studies of the deep-seated sandstones near the overpressure top in central Junggar Basin and the carbon and oxygen isotopic characteristics of carbonate cements in those sandstones, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Carbonates are the major cements. Two-stage cementation was commonly developed, with late-stage ferroan carbonate cementation being dominant; several secondary porosity zones were developed vertically in the sandstones near the overpressure top, and there is a mutually compensatory relationship between the carbonate contents and the mean porosity; (2) the alkalescent formation-water chemical environments are in favor of carbonate precipitation; (3) there were two phases of thermal fluid activity which are related to the late-stage carbonate cementation-dissolution; (4) with the overpressure top as the boundary, carbonate cements in the sandstones have slightly negative δ13C and δ18O values, showing such a variation trend that the δ13C and δ18O values near the coal-bearing Jurassic strata are lighter, those in the overpressure top are heavier, and those at the upper part of the overpressure top are lighter, which is considered to be the result of kinetic isotope fractionation driven by episodically overpressured fluid flow; (5) carbonate cementation is closely associated with the decarboxylation of organic acids, and secondary porosity zones resultant from dissolution by organic acids and CO2 derived from Jurassic coal-bearing strata, are the most important reservoir space of hydrocarbon, Studies of the mechanisms of carbonate cementation-dissolution and formation of secondary pores in the deep-seated sandstones near the overpressure top are of great significance both in theory and in practice in further investigating the rules of overpressured fluid flow (especially oil/gas migration) and predicting the reservoir space of hydrocarbon.展开更多
The Huize Zn-Pb- (Ag-Ge) district is a typical representative of the well-known medium-to large-sized carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb- (Ag-Ge) deposits, occurring in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Pb-Zn Ore-forming Zone. Generally...The Huize Zn-Pb- (Ag-Ge) district is a typical representative of the well-known medium-to large-sized carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb- (Ag-Ge) deposits, occurring in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Pb-Zn Ore-forming Zone. Generally, fluid inclusions within calcite, one of the major gangue minerals, are dominated by two kinds of small (1-10 um) inclusions including pure-liquid and liquid. The inclusions exist in concentrated groups along the crystal planes of the calcite. The ore-forming fluids containing Pb and Zn, which belong to the Na+-K+-Ca2+-Cl--F--SO42- type, are characterized by temperatures of 164-221℃, medium salinity in 5-10.8 wt% NaCl, and medium pressure at 410×105 to 661×105 Pa. The contents of Na+-K+ and C1--F-, and ratios of Na+/K+-Cl-/F- in fluid inclusions present good linearity. The ratios of Na+/K+ (4.66-6.71) and Cl-/F- (18.21-31.04) in the fluid inclusions of calcite are relatively high, while those of Na+/K+ (0.29-5.69) and Cl-/F- (5.00-26.0) in the inclusions of sphalerite and pyrite are relatively low. The ratio of Na+/K+ increases in accord with those of Cl-/F-, which indicates that ore-forming fluid of deep source participates in the mineralization. The waters of fluid inclusions have δD values from -43.5‰ to -55.4‰ of calcite. The δ18OV-SMOW values of the ore-forming fluids, calculated values, range from 17.09‰ to 18.56‰ of calcite and 17.80‰ to 23.14‰ for dolomite. δ13CV-PDB values range from -1.94‰ to -3.31‰ for calcite and -3.35‰ to 0.85‰ for the ore-bearing dolomite. These data better demonstrate that the ore-forming fluids were mainly derived from metamorphic water and magmatic hot fluid, in relation to the metamorphism of the Kunyang Group in the basement and magmatic hydrothermalism. The deposit itself might have resulted from ascending cycles of ore-forming fluid, enriched in Pb and Zn. The Huize Zn-Pb- (Ag-Ge) deposits related to carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb sulphides.展开更多
Based on correlation between geochemical characteristics of Sinian and Cambrian source rocks and discovered gas reservoirs,paleoand the analysis on geological conditions of reservoir formation,the sources of natural g...Based on correlation between geochemical characteristics of Sinian and Cambrian source rocks and discovered gas reservoirs,paleoand the analysis on geological conditions of reservoir formation,the sources of natural gas in the Sinian of Sichuan Basin have been discussed to sort out the contribution of Sinian source rocks to the gas reservoirs and effectiveness of Sinian primary gas-bearing system.Through the analysis of natural gas composition,carbon and hydrogen isotopes and effectiveness of Sinian accumulation assemblages,it is concluded that:(1)The natural gas derived from the Sinian source rock is characterized by low ethane content,heavy ethane carbon isotope and light methane hydrogen isotope,and obviously different from the gas generated by the Cambrian source rock.(2)The gas reservoirs discovered in Sinian Dengying Formation are sourced by Sinian and Cambrian source rocks,and the Sinian source rock contributes different proportions to the gas in the 4th member and the 2nd member of the Dengying Formation,specifically,39%and 55%to the 4th member in marginal zone and intra-platform,54%and 68%to the 2th member in the marginal zone and intra-platform respectively.(3)The effectiveness of the Sinian primary gas-bearing system depends on the gas generating effectiveness of the source kitchen,reservoir and combination of gas accumulation elements.For high-over mature marine source rocks at the Ro of less than 3.5%,besides gas generated from the thermal cracking of liquid hydrocarbon,the kerogen still has some gas generation potential by thermal degradation.In addition,the Sinian microbial dolomite still preserves relatively good-quality reservoirs despite large burial depths,which match well with other basic conditions for gas accumulation in central Sichuan paleo-uplift,increasing the possibility of Sinian primary gas-bearing system.The research results confirm that the Sinian primary gas-bearing system is likely to form large-scale accumulation.展开更多
Based on the continuous monthly monitoring works of the dripwater and modem speleothems in Xueyu Cave,we measured a high deposit rate of the secondary sediments.Impressively,the mean deposit rate of calcite is 5.33 mg...Based on the continuous monthly monitoring works of the dripwater and modem speleothems in Xueyu Cave,we measured a high deposit rate of the secondary sediments.Impressively,the mean deposit rate of calcite is 5.33 mg/day,but the variation amplitude is significant during the year.Besides,the monthly variation does not coincide with the geochemical characteristics of the relevant dripwater, and a preliminary test of some hydrophilic and展开更多
基金Support for this study was received from Orient Resources Ltd.in Canada,Wuhan Institute of Technology,China,and College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,China.
文摘By studying the light isotopic compositions of carbon,oxygen,and hydrogen,combined with previous research results on the ore-forming source of the deposit,the authors try to uncover its metallogenic origin.The δ^(18)O and δ^(13)C isotope signatures of dolomite samples vary between 10.2 and 13.0‰,and between−7.2 and−5.2‰,respectively,implying that the carbon derives from the upper mantle.δD and δ^(18) O of quartz,biotite,and muscovite from diff erent ore veins of the deposit vary between−82 and−59‰,and between 11.6 and 12.4‰,respectively,implying that the metallogenic solutions are mainly magmatic.According to the relevant research results of many isotope geologists,the fractionation degree of hydrogen isotopes increases as the depth to the Earth’s core increases,and the more diff erentiated the hydrogen isotopes are,the lower their values will be.In other words,mantle-derived solutions can have extremely low hydrogen isotope values.This means that the δD‰ value−134 of the pyrrhotite sample numbered SD-34 in this article may indicate mantle-derived oreforming fl uid of the deposit.The formation of the Dashuigou tellurium deposit occurred between 91.71 and 80.19 Ma.
基金supported by projects of the Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences "The role of ice cover in the seasonal geochemical and hydrobiological cycles of small salt and freshwater lakes of Transbaikalia" and no. 56 "Forecasted modeling and multidisciplinary research of several years dynamic of meromictic lakes ecosystems state in Siberia"
文摘1 Introduction Meromictic soda Lake Doroninskoe localized in the intermountain area,filled with continental sediments of the Mesozoic,in the upper basin of the river Amur.Coordinates of its location are N51°14’42"E112°14’40",
基金supported by the Doctoral Education Program Fund of Ministry of Education, China (No. 20060491505)the American Association of Petroleum Geologists Grant-in-Aid Foundation Program in 2007, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40739904)the Research Foundation for Outstanding Young Teachers, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) (No. CUGQNL0840)
文摘Fluid/rock interaction occurs frequently in the sandstones near the overpressure top in central Junggar Basin, and carbonate cementation-dissolution is related closely to the formation of secondary pores in the reservoir sandstones. From petrological, hydrochemical and fluid-inclusion studies of the deep-seated sandstones near the overpressure top in central Junggar Basin and the carbon and oxygen isotopic characteristics of carbonate cements in those sandstones, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Carbonates are the major cements. Two-stage cementation was commonly developed, with late-stage ferroan carbonate cementation being dominant; several secondary porosity zones were developed vertically in the sandstones near the overpressure top, and there is a mutually compensatory relationship between the carbonate contents and the mean porosity; (2) the alkalescent formation-water chemical environments are in favor of carbonate precipitation; (3) there were two phases of thermal fluid activity which are related to the late-stage carbonate cementation-dissolution; (4) with the overpressure top as the boundary, carbonate cements in the sandstones have slightly negative δ13C and δ18O values, showing such a variation trend that the δ13C and δ18O values near the coal-bearing Jurassic strata are lighter, those in the overpressure top are heavier, and those at the upper part of the overpressure top are lighter, which is considered to be the result of kinetic isotope fractionation driven by episodically overpressured fluid flow; (5) carbonate cementation is closely associated with the decarboxylation of organic acids, and secondary porosity zones resultant from dissolution by organic acids and CO2 derived from Jurassic coal-bearing strata, are the most important reservoir space of hydrocarbon, Studies of the mechanisms of carbonate cementation-dissolution and formation of secondary pores in the deep-seated sandstones near the overpressure top are of great significance both in theory and in practice in further investigating the rules of overpressured fluid flow (especially oil/gas migration) and predicting the reservoir space of hydrocarbon.
基金the Funds for Fostering Young Pioneers of Yunnan Province(Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province)(99D0003G)the National State Climbing Plan(95-Yu-39)+2 种基金the Collaboration Program sponsored by the colleges and universities of Yunnan Province(2000YK-04)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40172038) the Rescarch Project of the Huize Pb-Zn Mine(2000-02).
文摘The Huize Zn-Pb- (Ag-Ge) district is a typical representative of the well-known medium-to large-sized carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb- (Ag-Ge) deposits, occurring in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Pb-Zn Ore-forming Zone. Generally, fluid inclusions within calcite, one of the major gangue minerals, are dominated by two kinds of small (1-10 um) inclusions including pure-liquid and liquid. The inclusions exist in concentrated groups along the crystal planes of the calcite. The ore-forming fluids containing Pb and Zn, which belong to the Na+-K+-Ca2+-Cl--F--SO42- type, are characterized by temperatures of 164-221℃, medium salinity in 5-10.8 wt% NaCl, and medium pressure at 410×105 to 661×105 Pa. The contents of Na+-K+ and C1--F-, and ratios of Na+/K+-Cl-/F- in fluid inclusions present good linearity. The ratios of Na+/K+ (4.66-6.71) and Cl-/F- (18.21-31.04) in the fluid inclusions of calcite are relatively high, while those of Na+/K+ (0.29-5.69) and Cl-/F- (5.00-26.0) in the inclusions of sphalerite and pyrite are relatively low. The ratio of Na+/K+ increases in accord with those of Cl-/F-, which indicates that ore-forming fluid of deep source participates in the mineralization. The waters of fluid inclusions have δD values from -43.5‰ to -55.4‰ of calcite. The δ18OV-SMOW values of the ore-forming fluids, calculated values, range from 17.09‰ to 18.56‰ of calcite and 17.80‰ to 23.14‰ for dolomite. δ13CV-PDB values range from -1.94‰ to -3.31‰ for calcite and -3.35‰ to 0.85‰ for the ore-bearing dolomite. These data better demonstrate that the ore-forming fluids were mainly derived from metamorphic water and magmatic hot fluid, in relation to the metamorphism of the Kunyang Group in the basement and magmatic hydrothermalism. The deposit itself might have resulted from ascending cycles of ore-forming fluid, enriched in Pb and Zn. The Huize Zn-Pb- (Ag-Ge) deposits related to carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb sulphides.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA14010403)the China National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05004,2016ZX05007-003)the Science and Technology Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(kt2020-01-03,2021DJ06)。
文摘Based on correlation between geochemical characteristics of Sinian and Cambrian source rocks and discovered gas reservoirs,paleoand the analysis on geological conditions of reservoir formation,the sources of natural gas in the Sinian of Sichuan Basin have been discussed to sort out the contribution of Sinian source rocks to the gas reservoirs and effectiveness of Sinian primary gas-bearing system.Through the analysis of natural gas composition,carbon and hydrogen isotopes and effectiveness of Sinian accumulation assemblages,it is concluded that:(1)The natural gas derived from the Sinian source rock is characterized by low ethane content,heavy ethane carbon isotope and light methane hydrogen isotope,and obviously different from the gas generated by the Cambrian source rock.(2)The gas reservoirs discovered in Sinian Dengying Formation are sourced by Sinian and Cambrian source rocks,and the Sinian source rock contributes different proportions to the gas in the 4th member and the 2nd member of the Dengying Formation,specifically,39%and 55%to the 4th member in marginal zone and intra-platform,54%and 68%to the 2th member in the marginal zone and intra-platform respectively.(3)The effectiveness of the Sinian primary gas-bearing system depends on the gas generating effectiveness of the source kitchen,reservoir and combination of gas accumulation elements.For high-over mature marine source rocks at the Ro of less than 3.5%,besides gas generated from the thermal cracking of liquid hydrocarbon,the kerogen still has some gas generation potential by thermal degradation.In addition,the Sinian microbial dolomite still preserves relatively good-quality reservoirs despite large burial depths,which match well with other basic conditions for gas accumulation in central Sichuan paleo-uplift,increasing the possibility of Sinian primary gas-bearing system.The research results confirm that the Sinian primary gas-bearing system is likely to form large-scale accumulation.
文摘Based on the continuous monthly monitoring works of the dripwater and modem speleothems in Xueyu Cave,we measured a high deposit rate of the secondary sediments.Impressively,the mean deposit rate of calcite is 5.33 mg/day,but the variation amplitude is significant during the year.Besides,the monthly variation does not coincide with the geochemical characteristics of the relevant dripwater, and a preliminary test of some hydrophilic and