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Development of advanced anion exchange membrane from the view of the performance of water electrolysis cell 被引量:2
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作者 Chao Liu Zhen Geng +6 位作者 Xukang Wang Wendong Liu Yuwei Wang Qihan Xia Wenbo Li Liming Jin Cunman Zhang 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期348-369,I0009,共23页
Green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis combined with renewable energy is a promising alternative to fossil fuels due to its high energy density with zero-carbon emissions.Among water electrolysis technologies,t... Green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis combined with renewable energy is a promising alternative to fossil fuels due to its high energy density with zero-carbon emissions.Among water electrolysis technologies,the anion exchange membrane(AEM) water electrolysis has gained intensive attention and is considered as the next-generation emerging technology due to its potential advantages,such as the use of low-cost non-noble metal catalysts,the relatively mature stack assembly process,etc.However,the AEM water electrolyzer is still in the early development stage of the kW-level stack,which is mainly attributed to severe performance decay caused by the core component,i.e.,AEM.Here,the review comprehensively presents the recent progress of advanced AEM from the view of the performance of water electrolysis cells.Herein,fundamental principles and critical components of AEM water electrolyzers are introduced,and work conditions of AEM water electrolyzers and AEM performance improvement strategies are discussed.The challenges and perspectives are also analyzed. 展开更多
关键词 hydrogen Water electrolysis Anion exchange membrane Electrolysis cell
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Towards high-performance and robust anion exchange membranes(AEMs)for water electrolysis:Super-acid-catalyzed synthesis of AEMs
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作者 Geun Woong Ryoo Sun Hwa Park +3 位作者 Ki Chang Kwon Jong Hun Kang Ho Won Jang Min Sang Kwon 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期478-510,I0012,共34页
The increasing demand for hydrogen energy to address environmental issues and achieve carbon neutrality has elevated interest in green hydrogen production,which does not rely on fossil fuels.Among various hydrogen pro... The increasing demand for hydrogen energy to address environmental issues and achieve carbon neutrality has elevated interest in green hydrogen production,which does not rely on fossil fuels.Among various hydrogen production technologies,anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE)has emerged as a next-generation technology known for its high hydrogen production efficiency and its ability to use non-metal catalysts.However,this technology faces significant challenges,particularly in terms of the membrane durability and low ionic conductivity.To address these challenges,research efforts have focused on developing membranes with a new backbone structure and anion exchange groups to enhance durability and ionic conductivity.Notably,the super-acid-catalyzed condensation(SACC)synthesis method stands out due to its user convenience,the ability to create high molecular weight(MW)polymers,and the use of oxygen-tolerant organic catalysts.Although the synthesis of anion exchange membranes(AEMs)using the SACC method began in 2015,and despite growing interest in this synthesis approach,there remains a scarcity of review papers focusing on AEMs synthesized using the SACC method.The review covers the basics of SACC synthesis,presents various polymers synthesized using this method,and summarizes the development of these polymers,particularly their building blocks including aryl,ketone,and anion exchange groups.We systematically describe the effects of changes in the molecular structure of each polymer component,conducted by various research groups,on the mechanical properties,conductivity,and operational stability of the membrane.This review will provide insights into the development of AEMs with superior performance and operational stability suitable for water electrolysis applications. 展开更多
关键词 Green hydrogen production Water electrolysis Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE) Anion exchange membranes(AEMs) Super-acid-catalyzed condensation(SACC)
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Electrochemical synthesis of trimetallic nickel-iron-copper nanoparticles via potential-cycling for high current density anion exchange membrane water-splitting applications
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作者 Ziqi Zhang Sheng Wan +4 位作者 Hanbo Wang Jinghan He Ruige Zhang Yuhang Qi Haiyan Lu 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期535-542,I0012,共9页
Hydrogen is known for its elevated energy density and environmental compatibility and is a promising alternative to fossil fuels.Alkaline water electrolysis utilizing renewable energy sources has emerged as a means to... Hydrogen is known for its elevated energy density and environmental compatibility and is a promising alternative to fossil fuels.Alkaline water electrolysis utilizing renewable energy sources has emerged as a means to obtain high-purity hydrogen.Nevertheless,electrocatalysts used in the process are fabricated using conventional wet chemical synthesis methods,such as sol-gel,hydrothermal,or surfactantassisted approaches,which often necessitate intricate pretreatment procedures and are vulnerable to post-treatment contamination.Therefore,this study introduces a streamlined and environmentally conscious one-step potential-cycling approach to generate a highly efficient trimetallic nickel-iron-copper electrocatalyst in situ on nickel foam.The synthesized material exhibited remarkable performance,requiring a mere 476 mV to drive electrochemical water splitting at 100 mA cm^(-2)current density in alkaline solution.Furthermore,this material was integrated into an anion exchange membrane watersplitting device and achieved an exceptionally high current density of 1 A cm^(-2)at a low cell voltage of2.13 V,outperforming the noble-metal benchmark(2.51 V).Additionally,ex situ characterizations were employed to detect transformations in the active sites during the catalytic process,revealing the structural transformations and providing inspiration for further design of electrocatalysts. 展开更多
关键词 Electrocatalytic water splitting hydrogen evolution reaction Oxygen evolution reaction Electrochemical synthesis Anion exchange membrane
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Conformation Changes of Enkephalin in Coordination with Pb^(2+) Investigated by Gas Phase Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry Combined with Theoretical Calculations
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作者 HAN Jiaru WU Fangling +4 位作者 YANG Shutong WU Xiaonan TANG Keqi LI Zhenhua DING Chuan-Fan 《Chemical Research in Chinese Universities》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第2期572-578,共7页
In this study, the effects of lead ions(Pb^(2+)) on the conformations of leucine encephalin(LE) and methionine encephalin(ME) in gas phase were studied using hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry(HDX-MS) and q... In this study, the effects of lead ions(Pb^(2+)) on the conformations of leucine encephalin(LE) and methionine encephalin(ME) in gas phase were studied using hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry(HDX-MS) and quantum chemistry theoretical calculations at the molecular level. The HDX-MS result revealed that the complexes with the monovalent compounds [LE+Pb–H]+ and [ME+Pb–H]+had a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio, and different HDX reactivates were observed in a follow of [ME+H]+>[LE+H]+>[LE+Pb–H]+> [ME+Pb–H]+. Combining the collision-induced dissociation energies of the complexes and their HDX results, it was found that the more stable the complex, the harder it was for HDX. In addition, the favo-rable conformations of the complexes were obtained by theoretical calculations, revealing that the similar coordination type with diffe-rent bond lengths was obtained. Then, the proton affinity(PA) values of the optimized complexes were calculated to interpret the HDX observations, indicating that the higher the PA values, the more difficult it was for HDX. Overall, the experiments and theoretical calculations revealed that Pb^(2+) could induce conformational changes of LE and ME, and generate ME into a more rigid conformation than LE. The results will prompt further fundamental investigations on the conformational properties of LE/ME in coordination with Pb^(2+). 展开更多
关键词 Encephalin Pb^(2+) Gas phase-hydrogen/deuterium exchange(HDX) Theoretical calculation ESI-TOF-MS
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Small proton exchange membrane fuel cell power station by using bio-hydrogen
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作者 刘志祥 毛宗强 +1 位作者 王诚 任南琪 《电池》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第5期362-363,共2页
关键词 proton exchange membrane fuel cell BIO-hydrogen
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Technical factors affecting the performance of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer 被引量:1
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作者 Xun Zhang Yakang Li +3 位作者 Wei Zhao Jiaxin Guo Pengfei Yin Tao Ling 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第11期2259-2269,共11页
Anion exchange membrane(AEM)electrolysis is a promising membrane-based green hydrogen production technology.However,AEM electrolysis still remains in its infancy,and the performance of AEM electrolyzers is far behind ... Anion exchange membrane(AEM)electrolysis is a promising membrane-based green hydrogen production technology.However,AEM electrolysis still remains in its infancy,and the performance of AEM electrolyzers is far behind that of well-developed alkaline and proton exchange membrane electrolyzers.Therefore,breaking through the technical barriers of AEM electrolyzers is critical.On the basis of the analysis of the electrochemical performance tested in a single cell,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and the number of active sites,we evaluated the main technical factors that affect AEM electrolyzers.These factors included catalyst layer manufacturing(e.g.,catalyst,carbon black,and anionic ionomer)loadings,membrane electrode assembly,and testing conditions(e.g.,the KOH concentration in the electrolyte,electrolyte feeding mode,and operating temperature).The underlying mechanisms of the effects of these factors on AEM electrolyzer performance were also revealed.The irreversible voltage loss in the AEM electrolyzer was concluded to be mainly associated with the kinetics of the electrode reaction and the transport of electrons,ions,and gas-phase products involved in electrolysis.Based on the study results,the performance and stability of AEM electrolyzers were significantly improved. 展开更多
关键词 hydrogen production anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer CATALYST membrane electrode assembly
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Numerical and experimental study on the falling film flow characteristics with the effect of co-current gas flow in hydrogen liquefaction process 被引量:1
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作者 Chong-Zheng Sun Yu-Xing Li +2 位作者 Hui Han Xiao-Yi Geng Xiao Lu 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期1369-1384,共16页
Liquid hydrogen storage and transportation is an effective method for large-scale transportation and utilization of hydrogen energy. Revealing the flow mechanism of cryogenic working fluid is the key to optimize heat ... Liquid hydrogen storage and transportation is an effective method for large-scale transportation and utilization of hydrogen energy. Revealing the flow mechanism of cryogenic working fluid is the key to optimize heat exchanger structure and hydrogen liquefaction process(LH2). The methods of cryogenic visualization experiment, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are conducted to study the falling film flow characteristics with the effect of co-current gas flow in LH2spiral wound heat exchanger.The results show that the flow rate of mixed refrigerant has a great influence on liquid film spreading process, falling film flow pattern and heat transfer performance. The liquid film of LH2mixed refrigerant with column flow pattern can not uniformly and completely cover the tube wall surface. As liquid flow rate increases, the falling film flow pattern evolves into sheet-column flow and sheet flow, and liquid film completely covers the surface of tube wall. With the increase of shear effect of gas-phase mixed refrigerant in the same direction, the liquid film gradually becomes unstable, and the flow pattern eventually evolves into a mist flow. 展开更多
关键词 hydrogen liquefaction Spiral wound heat exchanger Flow pattern transition Falling film flow
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Study on Production of Hydrogen from Methane for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell 被引量:1
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作者 李传统 宋正昶 《Journal of China University of Mining and Technology》 2001年第2期118-122,共5页
The hydrogen production from methane for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was studied experimentally. The conversion rate of methane under different steam carbon ratios, the effect of the different excess ai... The hydrogen production from methane for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was studied experimentally. The conversion rate of methane under different steam carbon ratios, the effect of the different excess air ratios on the constituents of the gas produced, the permeability of hydrogen under different pressure differences, and the effect of different system pressure on the reaction enthalpy of hydrogen were obtained. The results lay the basis for the production of hydrogen applicable to PEMFC, moreover, provide a new way for the comprehensive utilization of the coal bed methane. 展开更多
关键词 hydrogen production proton exchange membrane fuel cell
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Generation of input spectrum for electrolysis stack degradation test applied to wind power PEM hydrogen production
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作者 Yanhui Xu Guanlin Li +1 位作者 Yuyuan Gui Zhengmao Li 《Global Energy Interconnection》 EI CSCD 2024年第4期462-474,共13页
Hydrogen production by proton exchange membrane electrolysis has good fluctuation adaptability,making it suitable for hydrogen production by electrolysis in fluctuating power sources such as wind power.However,current... Hydrogen production by proton exchange membrane electrolysis has good fluctuation adaptability,making it suitable for hydrogen production by electrolysis in fluctuating power sources such as wind power.However,current research on the durability of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers is insufficient.Studying the typical operating conditions of wind power electrolysis for hydrogen production can provide boundary conditions for performance and degradation tests of electrolysis stacks.In this study,the operating condition spectrum of an electrolysis stack degradation test cycle was proposed.Based on the rate of change of the wind farm output power and the time-averaged peak-valley difference,a fluctuation output power sample set was formed.The characteristic quantities that played an important role in the degradation of the electrolysis stack were selected.Dimensionality reduction of the operating data was performed using principal component analysis.Clustering analysis of the data segments was completed using an improved Gaussian mixture clustering algorithm.Taking the annual output power data of wind farms in Northwest China with a sampling rate of 1 min as an example,the cyclic operating condition spectrum of the proton-exchange membrane electrolysis stack degradation test was constructed.After preliminary simulation analysis,the typical operating condition proposed in this paper effectively reflects the impact of the original curve on the performance degradation of the electrolysis stack.This study provides a method for evaluating the degradation characteristics and system efficiency of an electrolysis stack due to fluctuations in renewable energy. 展开更多
关键词 hydrogen production by electrolysis of water Wind power Proton exchange membrane electrolyzer Gaussian mixture model Cyclic operating condition
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MASS SPECTRA OF SUBSTITUTED BENZYLGLYOXALS WITH DEUTERIUM EXCHANGE
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作者 Guo Qiang CHEN Pang ZHANG 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1992年第11期897-900,共4页
Mass spectral behavior of some deuterated and non-deuterated substituted benzylglyoxals was characteristic in enolic structure which was also proved by NMR spectrum. Fragmentation of the title compounds in their mass ... Mass spectral behavior of some deuterated and non-deuterated substituted benzylglyoxals was characteristic in enolic structure which was also proved by NMR spectrum. Fragmentation of the title compounds in their mass spectra was ressonably explained in this paper. 展开更多
关键词 MASS SPECTRA OF SUBSTITUTED BENZYLGLYOXALS WITH deuterium exchange 七公 CHEN
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Modeling hydrogen exchange of proteins by a multiscale method
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作者 Wentao Zhu Wenfei Li Wei Wang 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第7期93-99,共7页
We proposed a practical way for mapping the results of coarse-grained molecular simulations to the observables in hydrogen change experiments.By combining an atomic-interaction based coarse-grained model with an all-a... We proposed a practical way for mapping the results of coarse-grained molecular simulations to the observables in hydrogen change experiments.By combining an atomic-interaction based coarse-grained model with an all-atom structure reconstruction algorithm,we reproduced the experimental hydrogen exchange data with reasonable accuracy using molecular dynamics simulations.We also showed that the coarse-grained model can be further improved by imposing experimental restraints from hydrogen exchange data via an iterative optimization strategy.These results suggest that it is feasible to develop an integrative molecular simulation scheme by incorporating the hydrogen exchange data into the coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations and therefore help to overcome the accuracy bottleneck of coarse-grained models. 展开更多
关键词 coarse-grained model hydrogen exchange multiscale method PROTEINS integrative molecular simulations
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Application of Big Data Technology in Evaluation of Operating Status of High-pressure Hydrogenation Heat Exchanger
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作者 Li Lujie Liu Xu +1 位作者 Du Rui Xu Peng 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2018年第3期17-23,共7页
The high-pressure hydrogenation heat exchanger is an impoltmlt equipment of the refinery, but it is exposed tothe problem of leakage caused by ammonium salt corrosion. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the o... The high-pressure hydrogenation heat exchanger is an impoltmlt equipment of the refinery, but it is exposed tothe problem of leakage caused by ammonium salt corrosion. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the operating statusof flae hydrogenation heat exchanger. To improve flae method for evaluating the operating status of hydrogenation heat ex-chmagers by using flae traditional method, flais paper proposes a new method for evaluating the operation of hydrogenationheat exchangers based on big data. To address flae noisy data common in flae industry, this paper proposes an automatednoisy interval detection algorithm. To deal with flae problem that the sensor parameters have voluminous and mtrelateddimensions, flais paper proposes a key parameter detection algorithm based on flae Pearson correlation coefficient. Finally,this paper presents a system-based health scoring algorithm based on PCA (Principal Component Analysis) to assist site op-erators in assessing the healfla of hydrogenation heat exchangers. The evaluation of flae operating status of flae hydrorefiningheat exchange device based on big data technology will help the operators to more accurately grasp the status of flae indus-trial system mad have positive guiding significance for the early warning offlae failure. 展开更多
关键词 hydrogenATION heat exchanger big data state assessment
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Resuscitation from Prolonged Ventricular Fibrillation by Epinephrine Combined with Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger Isoform-1 Inhibitor Cariporide
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作者 易忠 《South China Journal of Cardiology》 CAS 2002年第1期30-34,共5页
Objective To test the resuscitative effects from prolonged ventricular fibrillation by epinephrine combined with sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 inhibitor Cariporide. Methods 16 rats were received a 3 mg/kg bolu... Objective To test the resuscitative effects from prolonged ventricular fibrillation by epinephrine combined with sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 inhibitor Cariporide. Methods 16 rats were received a 3 mg/kg bolus of Cariporide or the same volume of 0.9%NaCl solution (control) 15 seconds before completion 12 minutes untreated VF. Chest compression (CC) was started for a total of 8 minutes. Adjusted the depth of compressor so that the aortic diastolic pressure to 25~28 mmHg during the 2nd minute of CC. Fix the depth of the piston and this depth was used throughout the remaining 6 minutes of CC. 10 seconds before starting the 3rd minute of chest compression, injected epinephrine (30 μg/kg). Recorded the time at which restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) occurred in Cariporide treated rats. Electrical defibrillation was timed in control group to match the time of spontaneous defibrillation in Cariporide treated rats. To the rats, which cant be defibrillated spontaneously, received chest compression and rescues electrical shocks. Results compared with control group, with the same CC depth, Cariporide treated rats received the higher and longer lasting coronary perfusion pressure (P< 0.05), higher resuscitative rate (P< 0.05), less post resuscitative ventricular ectopic activities (P< 0.001), better hemodynamic effects and longer survival time (P< 0.05). Conclusion Epinephrine combined with sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 inhibitor Cariporide may represent a novel and remarkably effective intervention for resuscitation from prolonged VF. 展开更多
关键词 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Prolonged ventricular fibrillation Epinephrine Sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 inhibitor Coronary perfusion pressure
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Impact of Hydrogen Ion Concentration on Amino Acids Composition of Macadamia Protein: Approached Using Cation-Exchange Chromatography
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作者 Jianzhi Ye Zhiping Han Wei Tan 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2016年第10期6-14,共9页
In the present context, the objective of this study was to synthesize and analyze the content of AA of macadamia protein and the impact of hydrogen ion concentration (pH) on AA composition. The determination of AA mai... In the present context, the objective of this study was to synthesize and analyze the content of AA of macadamia protein and the impact of hydrogen ion concentration (pH) on AA composition. The determination of AA mainly by cation-exchange chromatography was also investigated. Reproducible and reliable techniques for quantification and identification of AA usually require derivatization. However, techniques such as AA analyzer are composed of cation-exchange chromatography and other components can sideline the derivatization with significant accuracy. The present analysis revealed a higher concentration of essential amino acids especially acidic AA, Glu and Asp and basic AA, Arg than other AA in macadamia protein. The study constitutes first report of use of bubble chart for evaluation of AA and explaination of AAS. The results may elaborate that the degradation of AA of macadamia protein for extraction of pH 11 is caused by the impact of pH. Moreover, the nutritional values of AA present in macadamia protein could change for the better by adjusting pH of extraction. 展开更多
关键词 Amino Acids hydrogen Ion Concentration Macadamia Protein Cation-exchange Chromatography
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Pt single atoms coupled with Ru nanoclusters enable robust hydrogen oxidation for high-performance anion exchange membrane fuel cells
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作者 Jianmei Wang Bingxing Zhang +9 位作者 Xiaozhong Zheng Xuerui Liu Wei Guo Zhouxin Luo Yongfeng Liu Mingxia Gao Jian Chen Zhongbin Zhuang Hongge Pan Wenping Sun 《Nano Research》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第7期6147-6156,共10页
The sluggish reaction kinetics of alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR)is one of the key challenges for anion exchange membrane fuel cells(AEMFCs).To achieve robust alkaline HOR with minimized cost,we developed a ... The sluggish reaction kinetics of alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR)is one of the key challenges for anion exchange membrane fuel cells(AEMFCs).To achieve robust alkaline HOR with minimized cost,we developed a single atom-cluster multiscale structure with isolated Pt single atoms anchored on Ru nanoclusters supported on nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets(Pt1-Ru/NC).The well-defined structure not only provides multiple sites with varied affinity with the intermediates but also enables simultaneous modulation of different sites via interfacial interaction.In addition to weakening Ru–H bond strength,the isolated Pt sites are heavily involved in hydrogen adsorption and synergistically accelerate the Volmer step with the help of Ru sites.Furthermore,this catalyst configuration inhibits the excessive occupancy of oxygen-containing species on Ru sites and facilitates the HOR at elevated potentials.The Pt1-Ru/NC catalyst exhibits superior alkaline HOR performance with extremely high activity and excellent CO-tolerance.An AEMFC with a 0.1 mg·cmPGM^(−2)loading of Pt1-Ru/NC anode catalyst achieves a peak powder density of 1172 mW·cm^(−2),which is 2.17 and 1.55 times higher than that of Pt/C and PtRu/C,respectively.This work provides a new catalyst concept to address the sluggish kinetics of electrocatalytic reactions containing multiple intermediates and elemental steps. 展开更多
关键词 NANOCLUSTERS multiscale structure hydrogen oxidation reaction ELECTROCATALYSIS anion exchange membrane fuel cells
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Ternary layered double hydroxide oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalyst for anion exchange membrane alkaline seawater electrolysis 被引量:2
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作者 Yoo Sei Park Jae-Yeop Jeong +6 位作者 Myeong Je Jang Chae-Yeon Kwon Geul Han Kim Jaehoon Jeong Ji-hoon Lee Jooyoung Lee Sung Mook Choi 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第12期127-134,I0004,共9页
Anion exchange membrane(AEM)water electrolyzers are promising energy devices for the production of clean hydrogen from seawater.However,the lack of active and robust electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(... Anion exchange membrane(AEM)water electrolyzers are promising energy devices for the production of clean hydrogen from seawater.However,the lack of active and robust electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)severely impedes the development of this technology.In this study,a ternary layered double hydroxide(LDH)OER electrocatalyst(NiFeCo-LDH)is developed for high-performance AEM alkaline seawater electrolyzers.The AEM alkaline seawater electrolyzer catalyzed by the NiFeCo LDH shows high seawater electrolysis performance(0.84 A/cm^(2)at 1.7 Vcell)and high hydrogen production efficiency(77.6%at 0.5 A/cm^(2)),thus outperforming an electrolyzer catalyzed by a benchmark IrO_(2)electrocatalyst.The NiFeCo-LDH electrocatalyst greatly improves the kinetics of the AEM alkaline seawater electrolyzer,consequently reducing its activation loss and leading to high performance.Based on the results,this NiFeCo-LDH-catalyzed AEM alkaline seawater electrolyzer can likely surpass the energy conversion targets of the US Department of Energy. 展开更多
关键词 Anion exchange membranes water electrolysis Oxygen evolution reactions Alkaline seawater electrolysis hydrogen production
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POSITRON LIFETIME STUDIES ON SYSTEMS OF PALLADIUM FILLED GALVANOSTATICALLY WITH HYDROGEN OR DEUTERIUM
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作者 邱万川 董庆华 甘复兴 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1991年第3期157-163,共7页
The positron lifetime spectroscopy was used to investigate the electron structures of crystal lattice and its defects in palladium samples filled galvanostatically with hydrogen and deuterium, respectively. The result... The positron lifetime spectroscopy was used to investigate the electron structures of crystal lattice and its defects in palladium samples filled galvanostatically with hydrogen and deuterium, respectively. The results have indicated that the positron lifetime were all the same between hydrogen and deuterium filled samples in which the positron lifetime τ(?) increased about 10%, corresponding to the volume expansibility after the formation of hydrides PdH or PdD phases during electrolyzing commom water or heavy water with Pd cathode; and Will not change with time in 3 weeks after stopping electrolysis; but could be recovered to 116±1ps, the value in polycrystalline pure palladium, after annealing at high temperature. 展开更多
关键词 POSITRON LIFETIME hydrogen deuterium PALLADIUM
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Thermal Diversities of Two Na^+/H^+ Exchanges in Guinea Pig Red Cells
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作者 JI HONG-LONG 1Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2001年第3期171-179,共9页
Objective\ To test the effect of hypothermia on Na+/H+ exchange, activated by shrinkage and cytoplasmic acidosis. Method\ Amiloride-sensitive Na+ influx in guinea pig red cells was traced with isotope 22Na an... Objective\ To test the effect of hypothermia on Na+/H+ exchange, activated by shrinkage and cytoplasmic acidosis. Method\ Amiloride-sensitive Na+ influx in guinea pig red cells was traced with isotope 22Na and intracellular Na+ concentration was measured by emission flame photometry. Result\ Amiloride-sensitive Na+ influx decreased linearly as a function of temperatures (about 37℃) in shrunken cells, but increased in acidified cells. The up-regulation of acid-induced Na+/H+ exchange by elevated temperature was enhanced by hypo-osmolarity. Less sensitivity of intracellular H+ site at 41℃ may be the mechanism for the inhibition of shrinkage-induced Na+/H+ exchange by elevated temperature. Heating-mediated explosive increase in the activity of acid-induced Na+/H+ exchange may be due to enhanced extracellular Na+ sensitivity and lower intracellular pH caused by acidic metabolites. Acid-induced Na+/H+ ewxchange contributes to cytoplasmic Na+ accumulation. Conclusion\ These two modes of Na+/H+ exchange with different response to elevated temperature may play different roles in the cellular pathogenesis of heatstroke. 展开更多
关键词 ANIMALS Cell Culture Techniques Erythrocytes Guinea Pigs Heat Stroke hydrogen Ion exchange Research Support U.S. Gov't Non-P.H.S. SODIUM Temperature
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Macroscopic Structural Analysis on a 10 kW Class Lab-Scale Process Heat Exchanger Prototype under a High-Temperature Gas Loop Condition
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作者 Kee-Nam Song Sung-Deok Hong Hong-Yoon Park 《Engineering(科研)》 2013年第1期117-124,共8页
A PHE (Process Heat Exchanger) is a key component in transferring high-temperature heat generated from a VHTR (Very High Temperature Reactor) to a chemical reaction for the massive production of hydrogen. Last year, a... A PHE (Process Heat Exchanger) is a key component in transferring high-temperature heat generated from a VHTR (Very High Temperature Reactor) to a chemical reaction for the massive production of hydrogen. Last year, a 10 kW class lab-scale PHE prototype made of Hastelloy-X was manufactured at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), and a performance test of the PHE prototype is currently underway in a small-scale nitrogen gas loop at KAERI. The PHE prototype is composed of two kinds of flow plates: grooves 1.0 mm in diameter machined into the flow plate for the primary coolant, and waved channels bent into the flow plate for the secondary coolant. Inside the 10 kW class lab-scale PHE prototype, twenty flow plates for the primary and secondary coolants are stacked in turn. In this study, to understand the macroscopic structural behavior of the PHE prototype under the steady-state operating condition of the gas loop, high-temperature structural analyses on the 10 kW class lab-scale PHE prototype were performed for two extreme cases: in the event of contacting the flow plates together, and when not contacting them. The analysis results for the extreme cases were also compared. 展开更多
关键词 Process Heat exchangeR Very High Temperature Reactor High-Temperature Structural Analysis Nuclear hydrogen
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Long-distance super-exchange and quantum magnetic relaxation in a hybrid metal–organic framework
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作者 田英 申世鹏 +3 位作者 丛君状 闫丽琴 柴一晟 孙阳 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第1期390-393,共4页
The hybrid metal-organic framework [(CH3)2NH2]Fe(HCOO)3 with a perovskite-like structure exhibits a variety of unusual magnetic behaviors at low temperatures. While the long-distance super-exchange through the Fe-... The hybrid metal-organic framework [(CH3)2NH2]Fe(HCOO)3 with a perovskite-like structure exhibits a variety of unusual magnetic behaviors at low temperatures. While the long-distance super-exchange through the Fe-(Y-CH-O- Fe exchange path leads to a canted antiferromagnetic ordering at TN - 19 K, a second transition of magnetic blocking develops at TB- 9 K. The stair-shaped magnetization hysteresis loops below TB resemble the behaviors of resonant quantum tunneling of magnetization in single-molecular quantum magnets. Moreover, the magnetic relaxation also exhibits several features of resonant quantum relaxation, such as the exponential law with a single characteristic relaxation time, and the nonmonotonic dependence of relaxation rate on the applied magnetic field with a much faster relaxation around the resonant fields. The origin of quantum tunneling behaviors in the [(CH3)2NH2]Fe(HCOO)3 metal-organic framework is discussed in terms of magnetic phase separation due to the modification of hydrogen bonding on the long-distance super-exchange interaction. 展开更多
关键词 metal-organic frameworks resonant quantum relaxation long-distance super-exchange interac- tion hydrogen bonds
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