Application of Geographic Information Systems to Analyses and Modeling of Hydrocarbons Anomaly in Yakla,North Tarim Basin,Xinjiang,China

Yakla area is a very important and typical region in North Tarim, because it is the region that leads to a breakthrough in North Tarim oil/gas exploring. Therefore, a lot of exploration work has been already carried out in the area aiming at assessing the hydrocarbon anomaly and some techniques for anomaly delineation are being suggested. Yakla covers about 312 km 2 and lies 20 km south to Luntai Kuche road and displays as a long rectangular, with the length of 24 km in ENE and the width of 13 km in WSW. The surface is desert covered with saline akali, sand ribbon and sand dune. Samples collected from Yakla were analyzed for their hydrocarbon mass fractions and the spatial distribution of the concentrations of selected hydrocarbons C 1, C 2, C 3, i C 4, n C 4, i C 5, n C 5 and UF365 were estimated from these data sets. Multivariate statistical techniques including Kriging, moving average, factor analyses, cluster analyses and furrier filtering are used. The statistical techniques, spatial data analysis and transformation capabilities of geographic information systems, combined with geophysical and geological data, helped the authors to identify the hydrocarbon anomaly in Yakla.

Evolution of nC_(16)H_(34)-water-mineral systems in thermal capsules and geological implications for deeply-buried hydrocarbon reservoirs

Organic-inorganic interactions between hydrocarbons and most minerals in deeply buried reservoirs remain unclear.In this study,gold capsules and fused silica capillary capsules(FSCCs)with different com-binations of nC_(16)H_(34),water(distilled water,CaCl_(2) water)and minerals(quartz,feldspar,calcite,kaolinite,smectite,and illite)were heated at 340℃ for 3-10 d,to investigate the evolution and reaction pathways of the organic-inorganic interactions in different hot systems.After heating,minerals exhibited little alteration in the anhydrous systems.Mineral alterations,how-ever,occurred obviously in the hydrous systems.Different inorganic components affected nC_(16)H_(34) degra-dation differently.Overall,water promoted the free-radical thermal-cracking reaction and step oxidation reaction but suppressed the free-radical cross-linking reaction.The impact of CaCl_(2) water on the nC_(16)H_(34) degradation was weaker than the distilled water as high Ca^(2+)concentration suppressed the formation of free radicals.The presence of different waters also affects the impact of different minerals on nC_(16)H_(34) degradation,via its impact on mineral alterations.In the anhydrous nC_(16)H_(34)-mineral systems,calcite and clays catalyzed generation of low-molecular-weight(LMW)alkanes,particularly the clays.Quartz,feldspar,and calcite catalyzed generation of high-molecular-weight(HMW)alkanes and PAHs,whereas clays catalyzed the generation of LMW alkanes and mono-bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(M-BAHs).In the hydrous nC_(16)H_(34)-distilled water-mineral systems,all minerals but quartz promoted nC_(16)H_(34) degra-dation to generate more LMW alkanes,less HMW alkanes and PAHs.In the nC_(16)H_(34)-CaCl_(2) water-mineral systems,the promotion impact of minerals was weaker than that in the systems with distilled water.This study demonstrated the generation of different hydrocarbons with different fluorescence colors in the different nC_(16)H_(34)-water-mineral systems after heating for the same time,implying that fluorescence colors need to be interpreted carefully in investigation of hydrocarbon charging histories and oil origins in deeply buried reservoirs.Besides,the organic-inorganic interactions in different nC_(16)H_(34)-water-mineral systems proceeded in different pathways at different rates,which likely led to preservation of liquid hydrocarbons at different depth(temperature).Thus,quantitative investigations of the reaction kinetics in different hydrocarbon-water-rock systems are required to improve the prediction of hydrocar-bon evolution in deeply buried hydrocarbon reservoirs.

Formation Dynamics and Quantitative Prediction of Hydrocarbons of the Superpressure System in the Dongying Sag

Based on the theory of formation dynamics of oil/gas pools, the Dongying sag can be divided into three dynamic systems regarding the accumulation of oil and gas： the superpressure closed system, the semi-closed system and the normal pressure open system. Based on the analysis of genesis of superpressure in the superpressure closed system and the rule of hydrocarbon expulsion, it is found that hydrocarbon generation is related to superpressure, which is the main driving factor of hydrocarbon migration. Micro fractures formed by superpressure are the main channels for hydrocarbon migration. There are three dynamic patterns for hydrocarbon expulsion： free water drainage, hydrocarbon accumulation and drainage through micro fissures. In the superpressure closed system, the oil-driving-water process and oil/gas accumulation were completed in lithologic traps by way of such two dynamic patterns as episodic evolution of superpressure systems and episodic pressure release of faults. The oil-bearing capacity of lithologic traps is intimately related to reservoir-forming dynamic force. Quantitative evaluation of dynamic conditions for pool formation can effectively predict the oil-bearing capability of traps.

The Three-layer Structure and Systems of Petroleum Migration and Accumulation of Continental Basins

The concept of the three-layer structure of continental basins is presented based on the characteristics of layered structure of basins. The reservoir could be classified into accumulation system assemblage, accumulation system, accumulation assemblage and reservoir. This paper discusses the characteristics of hydrocarbon accumulation system assemblages of the Zhanhua Depression, which include four kinds of genetic patterns： （1） buried-hill hydrocarbon accumulation system assemblage; （2） self-sourced accumulation system assemblage from the upper interval of member 4 to member 1 of Shahejie formation; （3） transition accumulation system assemblage from member 1 of the Shahejie formation to Dongying formation and （4） externally sourccd accumulation system assemblage in the late Tertiary. The hydrocarbon-source transport network layer consisted of faults and unconformities, which connected with the reservoir layer.

Coupling pinch analysis and rigorous process simulation for hydrogen networks with light hydrocarbon recovery

In refineries,some hydrogen-rich streams contain considerable light hydrocarbons that are important raw materials for the chemical industry.Integrating hydrogen networks with light hydrocarbon recovery can enhance the reuse of both hydrogen and light hydrocarbons.This work proposes an automated method for targeting hydrogen networks with light hydrocarbon recovery.A pinch-based algebraic method is improved to determine the minimum fresh hydrogen consumption and hydrogen sources fed into the light hydrocarbon recovery unit automatically.Rigorous process simulation is conducted to determine the mass and energy balances of the light hydrocarbon recovery process.The targeting procedures are developed through combination of the improved pinch method and rigorous process simulation.This hybrid method is realized by coupling the Matlab and Aspen HYSYS platforms.A refinery hydrogen network is analyzed to illustrate application of the proposed method.The integration of hydrogen network with light hydrocarbon recovery further reduces fresh hydrogen requirement by463.0 m^(3)·h^(-1) and recovers liquefied petroleum gas and gasoline of 1711.5 kg·h^(-1) and 643 kg·h^(-1),respectively.A payback period of 9.2 months indicates that investment in light hydrocarbon recovery is economically attractive.

Application of an analytic hierarchy process to hydrocarbon accumulation coefficient estimation

The hydrocarbon accumulation coefficient is a key parameter in resources evaluation by genetic techniques. Methods of obtaining its value scientifically have always been an important factor influencing evaluation credibility. In this paper, the hydrocarbon accumulation system is evaluated quantitatively by establishing a hierarchy structure model based on an analytical hierarchy process. The hydrocarbon accumulation system of a higher exploration degree is selected as a calibration area and its hydrocarbon accumulation coefficient can be calculated using methods of hydrocarbon generation potential and reservoir-scale sequence. The hydrocarbon accumulation coefficient of a petroleum accumulation system can be gained by analogy of reservoir forming comprehensive evaluation results with the calibration area. The hydrocarbon accumulation coefficient of each petroleum accumulation system in the upper reservoir-forming combination of the Liaohe Western Sag can be obtained with this method. Practice shows that using the analytical hierarchy process to quantitatively evaluate the hydrocarbon accumulation system and then quantitatively predict the hydrocarbon accumulation coefficient decreases the influence of human factors in resources evaluation, and makes the resources assessment more objective and closer to the actual geological condition.

Relationship between Geological Structures and Hydrocarbon Enrichment of Different Depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin

The Bohai Bay Basin contains many depressions with varying degrees of hydrocarbon enrichment associated with the geological structures of different depressions. This study discussed the relationship between the geological structures and hydrocarbon enrichment of the depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin. Based on the Paleogene strata distribution and the length to width ratio of different depressions, their geological structures are divided into three types in plan-view： open（length/width 〈 2）, narrow（length/width 〉 4） and transitional types（length/width 2-4）. In cross section, the geological structures can be divided into dustpan I, dustpan II and double-faulted types. Based on tectonic evolution and sedimentary characteristics, the depressions are classified into early-formed, inherited and late-formed categories. Generally, narrow depressions are mainly located in the northeast and southwest of the Bohai Bay Basin, while open depressions are dominantly distributed in the central area of the basin; late-formed depressions are mainly around the Bohai sea area, and early-formed depressions are mostly located in the periphery of the basin. Geological structures of the depressions control the formation of the source, reservoir and cap rocks as well as hydrocarbon accumulation setting, and further influence the pay zones and oil-bearing sequence. In detail, dustpan II and doublefaulted depressions mainly have A-type sags, which often possess better hydrocarbon generation conditions than dustpan I ones; hydrocarbons in open dustpan II depressions tend to accumulate in the central uplift areas or buried hill, while those in narrow dustpan I depressions always accumulate in gentle slope belts. The oil-bearing sequence for different evolutional depressions corresponds well with the sedimentary strata of the main development stages of depressions. In early-formed depressions, hydrocarbons are mainly enriched in deeply buried reservoirs, while in late-formed depressions hydrocarbons are abundant in the relatively shallow traps. In summary, most inherited and late-formed dustpan II depressions are enriched in hydrocarbons due to their extensive source rocks and good source-reservoir-seal assemblages, whereas dustpan I and early-formed depressions are relatively poor in hydrocarbons.

Control Factors and Diversities of Phase State of Oil and Gas Pools in the Kuqa Petroleum System

Based on the analysis of the hydrocarbon geochemical characteristics in the Kuqa petroleum system of the Tarim Basin, this study discusses the causes and controlling factors of the phase diversities and their differences in geochemical features. According to the characteristics and differences in oil and gas phase, the petroleum system can be divided into five categories： oil reservoir, wet gas reservoir, condensate gas-rich reservoir, condensate gas-poor reservoir and dry gas reservoir. The causes for the diversities in oil and gas phases include diversities of the sources of parent material, maturity of natural gas and the process of hydrocarbon accumulation of different hydrocarbon phases. On the whole, the Jurassic and Triassic terrestrial source rocks are the main sources for the hydrocarbon in the Kuqa Depression. The small differences in parent material may cause diversities in oil and gas amount, but the impact is small. The differences in oil and gas phase are mainly affected by maturity and the accumulation process, which closely relates with each other. Oil and gas at different thermal evolution stage can be captured in different accumulation process.

Petroleum System of the Sufyan Depression at the Eastern Margin of a Huge Strike-slip Fault Zone in Central Africa

The present paper mainly studies the petroleum system of the Sufyan Depression in the Muglad Basin of central Africa and analyzes its control of hydrocarbon accumulation. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of effective source rock, reservoir bed types and source-reservoir-seal assemblages, petroleum system theory has been used to classify the petroleum system of the Sufyan Depression. Vertically, the Sufyan Depression consists of two subsystems. One is an Abu Gabra subsystem as a self generating, accumulating and sealing assemblage. The other subsystem is composed of an Abu Gabra source rock, Bentiu channel sandstone reservoir and Darfur group shale seal, which is a prolific assemblage in this area. Laterally, the Sufyan Depression is divided into eastern and western parts with separate hydrocarbon generation centers more than 10 000 m deep. The potential of the petroleum system is tremendous. Recently, there has been a great breakthrough in exploration. The Sufyan C-1 well drilled in the central structural belt obtained high-yielding oil flow exceeding 100 tons per day and controlled geologic reserves of tens of millions of tons. The total resource potential of the Sufyan Depression is considerable. The central structural belt is most favorable as an exploration and development prospect.

The study of formulation and performance of formate drilling and completion fluid system

Formate drilling and completion fluid system is a new type of clean organic salt brine system which has been developed from inorganic salt brine drilling fluid system. It is beneficial to protecte and find hydrocarbon reservoir. Due to the solid free system, the damage of solid phase particles on reservoir, especially low permeability oil and gas layer, can be greatly eliminated, at the same time, drilling fluid and completion fluid have greater compatibility. It will avoid that precipitation which is not compatible with drilling and completion fluid and generates damages on reservoir. And because mud cake of the solid free system is thin and resilient, it is conductive to improve cementing quality greatly. Experiments show that the formate drilling and completion system has good rheological property, strong inhibition ability, good lubricating performance, good compatibility with reservoir rocks and formation water at high temperature.

Orderliness of Hydrocarbon Accumulation Distribution in Rift Basins of Eastern China

The Cenozoic rift basins in eastern China show a clear temporal and spatial zonation and episodic tectonic evolution, which control their episodic hydrocarbon generation and zonal accumulation. In this paper, based on the study of depositional architecture, hydrocarbon migration system and dynamic evolution in the rift basins, combinations of hydrocarbon accumulation elements were analyzed using sequence stratigraphy. Hydrocarbon distribution in system tracts with different sequence orders was further studied. And we summarized stacking patterns and horizontal combination relationships for different types of reservoirs, such as lithological, tectonic-lithological, tectonic and stratigraphical reservoirs which can be observed from depression center to basin margin. The result reveals that various scales of pools exhibit significant distribution and evolution orderliness in different pool-forming units, i.e., depositional systems, plays and depressions. The regular distribution of various scales of pools is closely related to tectonic evolution and depositional filling in the rift basins. The result can be applied to the fine petroleum exploration in rift basins in eastern China. It will promote the scientific prediction and evaluation of reservoir types and their spatial distribution, lead to the active shifts of exploration targets in different zones, and thus support the stable progress of fine exploration in mature exploration areas.

Response of antioxidase in viscera of Pagrosuma Major larvae to water soluble fraction of hydrocarbons in No.0 diesel oil

Pagrosomus major larvae were exposed to the water soluble fraction of hydrocarbon in No.0 diesel oil (corresponding to No.2 fuel oil) at concentrations of 0, 0 17, 1.22 and 8 82 mg/L for up to 15 days. Larvae were sampled on days 9 and l5 of the experiment. Supernatants of viscera tissue extractions were assayed for biochemical response in terms of oxidative stress superoxide dismutase(SOD), activity of selenium dependant glutathione peroxidase(Se GPx) and catalase(Ca), and the concentration of reduced glutathione(GSH). On day 9 of exposure, statistically significant dose related increases in Se GPx and SOD activity, and GSH concentration were observed in all cases except for Se GPx activity under the highest dosage of hydrocarbon. However, on day l5 of exposure, a similar dose related response was only observed for Se GPx activity. GSH concentration decreased and SOD activity showed no statistical difference as compared to controls. However, a significant decrease in compared to day 9 Se GPx activity and GSH concentration, in contrast to increase SOD activity at day 15 as indicates an accelerated accumulation of H 2O 2 and potential oxidative damage under long term exposure of larvae to hydrocarbons. No statistical changes were observed in Ca activity throughout the experiment, possibly owing to the high efficiency of Se GPx. A recovery experiment was performed on indicating that the response of antioxidants measured tending to return to their control levels. These results prove the function of the antioxidant defense system of the larvae to the water soluble fraction of hydrocarbons in No.0 diesel oil.

Current Situation and Application in Coal-Generated Hydrocarbons

The characteristics and research methods of terrigenous organic hydrocarbon-generated source rock in coal measures are studied in this thesis. After abundance of organic matters, pyrolysis parameter of rocks and hydrocarbon generated capacity of macerals are basically discussed in coal measures of the Cretaceous Muleng-Chengzihe formation in Suibin depression in Sanjang basin, the hydrocarbon generated grade in coal-genera^ted source rock is ascertained in this depression. At last, we think that it is a main attack prospect in coal-genera^ted hydrocarbons study in the future to research the macerals of coal measures organic source rock and to build a criterion to classify the coal-generated hydrocarbons in Northeast region.

南堡凹陷油气分布有序性与差异富集主控因素

油气分布有序性是表征油气差异富集规律的重要途径,能够为寻找接替方向提供重要依据。通过开展油气藏类型、油气性质、油气富集程度、油气输导体系和断—盖条件等多角度的系统分析,揭示了南堡凹陷油气分布有序性与差异富集的主要控制因素。研究表明,南堡凹陷从次凹中心向边缘,表现出由岩性油气藏向构造油气藏、原油性质逐渐变差、富集层系逐渐变浅的有序变化。断陷期、坳陷期的构造活动控制了烃源岩的分布与演化,构造演化控制了凹陷沉积体系从而控制储盖组合分布和圈闭类型,其中源下、源内和源上3类储盖组合为多层系油气分布奠定了基础;纵横向输导体系和断—盖配置差异,控制了不同构造带油气运聚过程,形成了凹陷中部源下富集、凹陷边缘源上富集的总体规律。研究成果进一步揭示了该凹陷的油气分布规律性,可为成熟探区的精细勘探提供理论指导和借鉴意义。

Hydrocarbon-Generating Model of the Area Covered With Volcanic Rock

The distribution of Oil & gas fields shows their close relationship with the most active tectonic regions. This is not a coincidence but having a scientific reasons. The crustal active regions, refer to the places where the active natural earthquake, volcanic activities, underground water happened, and the areas of the leaking Off of natural gas to the surface of the crust. The magma of volcanic activities brings the organic "kitchen range body" hydrocarbon - generating model and inorganic genetic hydrocarbon to the regions covered by volcanic rock. Underground water brings a catalytic hydrocarbon generating model for organic matter, and the leaking - off of H2 and CO2 contributes a synthetic hydrocarbon - generating model. Volcanic activities bring the assemblage of Source, Reservoir and Seal formed by the sediments and magma the sedimentary basins, and the hydrocarbon - generating system with a "water - volcano" binary structure is formed. All these conditions are favorable and excellent for the formation of oil & gas fields. The distribution of AInerican oil & gas fields have very close relationship with the mines of Fe, Mn, Cr, Mo, W and V, deposits of Zn, Cu, V, Pb, Al and Hg, and the deposits of fluorite, sulfur, potassium salt, phosphate and halite, and the distribution of sulfate - chloride of river water. The reason why few oil & gas fields discovered in the regions covered by volcanic rock in western America maybe because of the view of "inconsistency between petroleum and volcano". Further more, It’s very difficult to carry out a geophysical exploration in such kinds of regions. This paper examined a few hydrocarbon - generating models (systems) mentioned above and came up with some flesh ideas on the exploration in the areas covered with volcanic rocks.

济阳坳陷车西洼陷二叠系上石盒子组致密砂岩储层成岩-成藏系统演化

致密砂岩储层成岩-成藏系统演化决定储层致密化过程和优质储层成因与分布。以车西洼陷上石盒子组致密砂岩储层为例,通过薄片观察、包裹体分析、激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪分析等技术,结合埋藏史和构造演化史,对致密砂岩储层的成岩-成藏系统演化进行系统研究。结果表明:车西洼陷上石盒子组致密砂岩储层硅质胶结物主要为来源于石英颗粒压溶作用的第一期石英次生加大边,长石溶蚀供源的第二期石英次生加大边、充填石英颗粒破裂缝型自生石英以及充填粒间孔隙型自生石英;高岭石分别为原始沉积的充填孔隙细晶高岭石杂基,大气淡水淋滤长石形成的充填孔隙粗晶高岭石,深埋藏封闭环境长石溶蚀原位沉淀形成的颗粒形态高岭石;车西洼陷上石盒子组致密砂岩的成岩-成藏系统演化过程为原始沉积的含细晶高岭石杂基的长石质石英砂岩→充填孔隙粗晶高岭石→黄色荧光油充注→硅质胶结物→天然气→充填孔隙粗晶高岭石→硅质胶结物→蓝色荧光油充注→天然气→颗粒形态高岭石、伊利石、绿泥石。

全油气系统理论基本原理

通过阐释全油气系统基本原理,并阐明全油气系统的结构,进而揭示常规油气—致密油气—页岩油气序列成藏规律以及全油气系统成藏模式与成藏机理;此外,阐述了页岩油气-致密油气储层地质模型、流动模型与开发生产机理,并给出了进一步的研究方向。研究表明:(1)全油气系统的主要结构包括3类流体动力场、3种油气藏与油气资源,以及两种成藏作用。常规油气—致密油气—页岩油气具有形成时间和空间分布的有序性、基于成因机理的序列合理性,表现出“序列成藏”的地质规律。(2)全油气系统成藏模式可以分为“碎屑岩盆地成藏模式”与“碳酸盐岩盆地(层系)成藏模式”两类。非常规油气的聚集成藏是一种“自封闭成藏”,油气自封闭作用的微观来源是分子间作用力(范德华力)。(3)非常规油气生产实践证实,页岩油气-致密油气储层地质模型、流动模型与开发生产机理是一个全新的领域,极为复杂,有待进一步研究。页岩油气一定是中国油气资源中最重要的资源接替。(4)进一步研究方向包括:碳酸盐岩盆地全油气系统特征及复合盆地演化源储耦合规律;页岩油气与致密油气运移、成藏与开发生产的流动机理;深层超深层页岩油气、致密油气和煤层气油气地质特征与富集规律;全油气系统油气资源评价与新一代盆地模拟技术;地球系统—地球有机岩与化石能源系统—全油气系统研究。

四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩全油气系统成藏特征与有序分布规律

基于四川盆地海相油气勘探现状和进展,以主力烃源岩为核心,依据成藏要素组合关系划分四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩全油气系统,并分析各个含油气系统的成藏特征,总结常规-非常规一体化成藏规律,指明未来有利勘探方向。研究认为:(1)受多期伸展-聚敛构造旋回的控制,四川盆地海相发育3套区域性烃源岩和3套区域性盖层,可划分出寒武系、志留系和二叠系3个全油气系统。3个全油气系统以独立成藏为主,单一系统内天然气具有亲缘性。同时,局部地区大型断裂带贯穿多套全油气系统,形成断控复式全油气系统。(2)全油气系统内普遍发育“陆棚相页岩气聚集—台缘相控气藏—台内断-相共控型气藏”的成藏序列,具有立体成藏、有序分布的规律。(3)优质烃源岩是大气田形成的基础,全油气系统内天然气具有近源和源内富集的规律,规模性储层的发育与保持是天然气富集的保障,“多元生烃、油气转化、动态调整”是海相油气成藏的特色,良好的保存条件是天然气成藏的关键。(4)大型台缘带礁滩相带、深层页岩气与通源断裂相关的大型岩性复合体是未来四川盆地海相油气勘探的主要方向。

柴达木盆地西部坳陷古近系全油气系统特征与油气成藏模式

基于柴达木盆地西部坳陷油气勘探实践,结合地震、钻井、测井及地球化学等资料,对柴西坳陷古近系全油气系统基本地质条件、油气分布特征、成藏运聚动力与成藏模式开展研究。研究表明:柴西坳陷发育全球独具特色的“巨厚山地式”全油气系统,围绕古近系下干柴沟组上段烃源岩层系,从盆缘向湖盆中心,平面上构造油气藏、岩性油气藏、页岩油与页岩气有序分布、纵向上叠置连片。柴西坳陷古近系全油气系统具有3方面独特性:(1)低有机质丰度烃源岩“低碳富氢”,单位有机碳生烃能力强;(2)咸化湖盆沉积巨厚,坳陷中心沉积以混源为主,岩相与储集空间纵横向变化快;(3)喜马拉雅期走滑挤压强改造,山地式全油气系统油气差异富集。柴西坳陷古近系全油气系统是源储盖与输导体系协调演化的结果,具有低碳富氢烃源岩全过程生烃、巨厚储集体全坳陷沉积、挤压走滑断裂体促进油气全方位调整、常规-非常规油气全系列分布的特征。受控于喜马拉雅期强构造运动影响,柴西坳陷经历了先拗后隆的演化过程,在湖盆中心发育广义页岩油,在超过2 000 m厚度的沉积体系中,油气连续分布于烃源岩层系内的薄层状灰云岩与紧邻生烃灶的藻灰岩中,白云石晶间孔、纹层缝与断溶体是有效储集空间。相关认识可进一步丰富和发展中国陆相湖盆全油气系统理论,并为柴达木盆地油气综合勘探提供理论指导与技术支持。

烃源岩生烃热模拟实验技术的发展及应用

烃源岩生烃模拟实验是在实验室内模拟地质历史时期有机质演化生烃的重要手段,对分析含油气盆地的生烃模式、估算资源储量等具有重要价值。主要介绍了现阶段生烃热模拟实验的3种实验体系:开放体系、封闭体系和半封闭体系,综合对比三者的优缺点及主要用途,谈论了现阶段生烃模拟实验发展的关键点,并展望了发展趋势,以对其在进行油气勘探研究时提供理论依据和参考。