Baosteel always aims at becoming one of the most profitable enterprises in the world, enjoying international competence, benchmarking with the world advanced level,pursuing innovation sustainable development. Recent y...Baosteel always aims at becoming one of the most profitable enterprises in the world, enjoying international competence, benchmarking with the world advanced level,pursuing innovation sustainable development. Recent years, Baosteel Iron-making Department has caught the opportunity of increasing steel demand; conquering disadvantages such as changeable up-stream market, fuel and raw material’s tight supplies and lower quality, etc. In our department, Major technical problems have been overcome, blast furnace intensified smelting technology improved, the cost of molten iron under control, blast furnace long-life span control technology made breakthrough, and Baosteel’s ironmaking capacity improved further.展开更多
To explore the iron coke application in hydrogen-rich blast furnace,which is an effective method to achieve the purpose of low carbon emissions,the initial gasification temperature of iron coke in CO_(2) and H_(2)O at...To explore the iron coke application in hydrogen-rich blast furnace,which is an effective method to achieve the purpose of low carbon emissions,the initial gasification temperature of iron coke in CO_(2) and H_(2)O atmosphere and its cogasification reaction mechanism with coke were systematically studied.Iron coke was prepared under laboratory conditions,with a 0-7wt%iron ore powder addition.The properties of iron cokes were tested by coke reactivity index(CRI)and coke strength after reaction(CSR),and their phases and morphology were evolution discussed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis.The results indicated that the initial gasification temperature of iron coke decreased with the increase in the iron ore powder content under the CO_(2) and H_(2)O_((g))atmosphere.In the 40vol%H_(2)O+60vol%CO_(2) atmosphere,CRI of iron coke with the addition of 3wt%iron ore powder reached 58.7%,and its CSR reached 56.5%.Because of the catalytic action of iron,the reaction capacity of iron coke was greater than that of coke.As iron coke was preferentially gasified,the CRI and CSR of coke were reduced and increased,respectively,when iron coke and coke were cogasified.The results showed that the skeleton function of the coke can be protected by iron coke.展开更多
A thermodynamic model was developed to predict the distribution behavior of Cu, Fe, S, O, Pb, Zn, As, and the heat balance in a lead blast furnace. The modeling results are validated by the plant data of a lead smelte...A thermodynamic model was developed to predict the distribution behavior of Cu, Fe, S, O, Pb, Zn, As, and the heat balance in a lead blast furnace. The modeling results are validated by the plant data of a lead smelter in Kazakhstan. The model can be used to predict any set of controllable process parameters such as feed composition, smelting temperature, degree of oxygen enrichment and volume of oxygen-enriched air. The effects of the blast air, industrial oxygen, and coke charge on the distribution of Cu, Fe, S, O, Pb, Zn, As, the heat balance, and the lead loss in slag, were presented and discussed.展开更多
A study was carried out on the formation of Ti(C,N) during smelting vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite in blast furnace and the influence of MnO content on reduction of TiO_2 in the slag containing high titania. The red...A study was carried out on the formation of Ti(C,N) during smelting vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite in blast furnace and the influence of MnO content on reduction of TiO_2 in the slag containing high titania. The reduction of TiO_2 is restricted by MnOpredominantly at the slag-metal interface and no more at the slag-coke one. The formation of Ti(C,N) is remarkably restricted by MnO in the slag when the MnO content is about 4% and the basicity from 0.6 to 1.2 in the slag. MnO may also retards the reduction of SiO_2 and accelerates the desulphidation under certain condition.展开更多
The structural changes and reduction degree of chromite ore in blast furnace were studied by optical micrograph analysis,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDXA).The smelting reducti...The structural changes and reduction degree of chromite ore in blast furnace were studied by optical micrograph analysis,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDXA).The smelting reduction mechanism of chromite in blast furnace was primarily discussed.展开更多
Based on the stoichiometric method and the free energy minimization method,an ideal model for the reduction of iron oxides by carbon and hydrogen under blast furnace conditions was established,and the reduction effici...Based on the stoichiometric method and the free energy minimization method,an ideal model for the reduction of iron oxides by carbon and hydrogen under blast furnace conditions was established,and the reduction efficiency and theoretical energy consumption of the all-carbon blast furnace and the hydrogen-rich blast furnace were compared.The results show that after the reduction reaction is completed at the bottom of the blast furnace,the gas produced by reduction at 1600℃still has a certain excessive reduction capacity,which is due to the hydrogen brought in by the hydrogen-rich blast as well as the excess carbon monoxide generated by the reaction of the coke and the oxygen brought in by the blast.During the process of the gas with excessive reduction capacity rising from the bottom of the blast furnace and gas reduction process,the excessive reduction capacity of the gas gradually decreases with the increase in the dydrogen content in the blast.In the all-carbon blast furnace,the excess gas reduction capacity is the strongest,and the total energy consumption per ton of iron reduction is the lowest.This shows that,for the current operation mode of the blast furnace,adding hydrogen in the blast furnace cannot reduce the consumption of carbon required for reduction per ton of iron,but rather increases the consumption of carbon.展开更多
Clean Production is the best method for iron-steel making industry to eliminate pollution thoroughly. In order to achieve this object, smelting reduction technology should play the key role. Furthermore, process integ...Clean Production is the best method for iron-steel making industry to eliminate pollution thoroughly. In order to achieve this object, smelting reduction technology should play the key role. Furthermore, process integration method can be used to solve the problem of residual gas utilization by integrating smelting reduction process with direct reduced iron unit, gasoline, methanol or dimethyl ether synthesis unit, etc. A new smelting reduction process has been proposed which can be constructed on the present plant site. Since this process can directly treat the lump coal and iron ore fines, it reduces st6ps necessary in traditional blast furnace process and Corex smelting reduction process.展开更多
The recycling of scrap has attracted more attention in recent years,and scrap can be used as iron-bearing material to smelt hot metal.The smelting practice of blast furnace(BF)with scrap addition in China was investig...The recycling of scrap has attracted more attention in recent years,and scrap can be used as iron-bearing material to smelt hot metal.The smelting practice of blast furnace(BF)with scrap addition in China was investigated,with the types of scrap being small pieces of scrap,such as crushed materials,light and thin materials,and small compacts which were easy to be added into BFs.The higher productivity of BFs with scrap addition was observed compared with that of BFs without scrap addition at the same volume,and the positive correlation between production increase rate and addition amount of scrap was found.The reducing agent rate of most BFs with scrap addition was lower than the average reducing agent rate at the same volume,while the gas utilization of BFs with scrap addition would not be reduced significantly.The theoretical analysis of cost saving was carried out as well,and the results indicated that the cost could be saved by scrap addition.The melting and carburizing were the two main processes of scrap in BF,in which three steps were involved in the melting process of scrap.The amount of carburization depended on the carbon content of hot metal in hearth and the original carbon content in scrap.The calculation showed that the coke rate could be reduced by 27 kg with 100 kg scrap addition per ton of hot metal,and the saving cost was decided by the amount of scrap and the actual situation of BF.展开更多
文摘Baosteel always aims at becoming one of the most profitable enterprises in the world, enjoying international competence, benchmarking with the world advanced level,pursuing innovation sustainable development. Recent years, Baosteel Iron-making Department has caught the opportunity of increasing steel demand; conquering disadvantages such as changeable up-stream market, fuel and raw material’s tight supplies and lower quality, etc. In our department, Major technical problems have been overcome, blast furnace intensified smelting technology improved, the cost of molten iron under control, blast furnace long-life span control technology made breakthrough, and Baosteel’s ironmaking capacity improved further.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51576164)the Joint Research Fund of China Bao-Wu Iron and Steel Group Company Limited(Nos.U1860108 and U1860203)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China(Nos.21DZ1208900 and 19DZ2270200)。
文摘To explore the iron coke application in hydrogen-rich blast furnace,which is an effective method to achieve the purpose of low carbon emissions,the initial gasification temperature of iron coke in CO_(2) and H_(2)O atmosphere and its cogasification reaction mechanism with coke were systematically studied.Iron coke was prepared under laboratory conditions,with a 0-7wt%iron ore powder addition.The properties of iron cokes were tested by coke reactivity index(CRI)and coke strength after reaction(CSR),and their phases and morphology were evolution discussed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis.The results indicated that the initial gasification temperature of iron coke decreased with the increase in the iron ore powder content under the CO_(2) and H_(2)O_((g))atmosphere.In the 40vol%H_(2)O+60vol%CO_(2) atmosphere,CRI of iron coke with the addition of 3wt%iron ore powder reached 58.7%,and its CSR reached 56.5%.Because of the catalytic action of iron,the reaction capacity of iron coke was greater than that of coke.As iron coke was preferentially gasified,the CRI and CSR of coke were reduced and increased,respectively,when iron coke and coke were cogasified.The results showed that the skeleton function of the coke can be protected by iron coke.
文摘A thermodynamic model was developed to predict the distribution behavior of Cu, Fe, S, O, Pb, Zn, As, and the heat balance in a lead blast furnace. The modeling results are validated by the plant data of a lead smelter in Kazakhstan. The model can be used to predict any set of controllable process parameters such as feed composition, smelting temperature, degree of oxygen enrichment and volume of oxygen-enriched air. The effects of the blast air, industrial oxygen, and coke charge on the distribution of Cu, Fe, S, O, Pb, Zn, As, the heat balance, and the lead loss in slag, were presented and discussed.
文摘A study was carried out on the formation of Ti(C,N) during smelting vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite in blast furnace and the influence of MnO content on reduction of TiO_2 in the slag containing high titania. The reduction of TiO_2 is restricted by MnOpredominantly at the slag-metal interface and no more at the slag-coke one. The formation of Ti(C,N) is remarkably restricted by MnO in the slag when the MnO content is about 4% and the basicity from 0.6 to 1.2 in the slag. MnO may also retards the reduction of SiO_2 and accelerates the desulphidation under certain condition.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51074036)
文摘The structural changes and reduction degree of chromite ore in blast furnace were studied by optical micrograph analysis,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDXA).The smelting reduction mechanism of chromite in blast furnace was primarily discussed.
基金The author are thankful for the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1560203,51704021,and 51274031)Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials.
文摘Based on the stoichiometric method and the free energy minimization method,an ideal model for the reduction of iron oxides by carbon and hydrogen under blast furnace conditions was established,and the reduction efficiency and theoretical energy consumption of the all-carbon blast furnace and the hydrogen-rich blast furnace were compared.The results show that after the reduction reaction is completed at the bottom of the blast furnace,the gas produced by reduction at 1600℃still has a certain excessive reduction capacity,which is due to the hydrogen brought in by the hydrogen-rich blast as well as the excess carbon monoxide generated by the reaction of the coke and the oxygen brought in by the blast.During the process of the gas with excessive reduction capacity rising from the bottom of the blast furnace and gas reduction process,the excessive reduction capacity of the gas gradually decreases with the increase in the dydrogen content in the blast.In the all-carbon blast furnace,the excess gas reduction capacity is the strongest,and the total energy consumption per ton of iron reduction is the lowest.This shows that,for the current operation mode of the blast furnace,adding hydrogen in the blast furnace cannot reduce the consumption of carbon required for reduction per ton of iron,but rather increases the consumption of carbon.
文摘Clean Production is the best method for iron-steel making industry to eliminate pollution thoroughly. In order to achieve this object, smelting reduction technology should play the key role. Furthermore, process integration method can be used to solve the problem of residual gas utilization by integrating smelting reduction process with direct reduced iron unit, gasoline, methanol or dimethyl ether synthesis unit, etc. A new smelting reduction process has been proposed which can be constructed on the present plant site. Since this process can directly treat the lump coal and iron ore fines, it reduces st6ps necessary in traditional blast furnace process and Corex smelting reduction process.
基金This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51674122)National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(51604178)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2020209069)Tangshan Science and Technology Research and Development Plan(19150244E).
文摘The recycling of scrap has attracted more attention in recent years,and scrap can be used as iron-bearing material to smelt hot metal.The smelting practice of blast furnace(BF)with scrap addition in China was investigated,with the types of scrap being small pieces of scrap,such as crushed materials,light and thin materials,and small compacts which were easy to be added into BFs.The higher productivity of BFs with scrap addition was observed compared with that of BFs without scrap addition at the same volume,and the positive correlation between production increase rate and addition amount of scrap was found.The reducing agent rate of most BFs with scrap addition was lower than the average reducing agent rate at the same volume,while the gas utilization of BFs with scrap addition would not be reduced significantly.The theoretical analysis of cost saving was carried out as well,and the results indicated that the cost could be saved by scrap addition.The melting and carburizing were the two main processes of scrap in BF,in which three steps were involved in the melting process of scrap.The amount of carburization depended on the carbon content of hot metal in hearth and the original carbon content in scrap.The calculation showed that the coke rate could be reduced by 27 kg with 100 kg scrap addition per ton of hot metal,and the saving cost was decided by the amount of scrap and the actual situation of BF.
