Preparation,Characterization and Application of ZnAlLa-Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds

The preparation of ZnAlLa-hydrotalcite-like compounds [ZnAlLa-HTLcs] wasstudied. ZnAlLa-HTLcs were synthesized by a method of variable pH with the raw materials ofZn(NO_3)_2, Al(NO_3)_3, La(NO_3)_3, and NaOH. The eS'ccts of some factors (i.e. pH values, the moleratio of Al^(3+) to La^(3+), temperature and the period of hydrothermal treatment) on thepreparation of HTLcs were discussed systematically. XRD, TG-DTA, FT-IR spectroscopy, and ICP wereperformed to characterize ZnAlLa-HTLcs samples, and the thermal stability of HTLcs was alsodiscussed. It was shown that unique ZnAlLa-HTLcs with high crystallinity can be prepared, under theconditions of pH = 5.5-6.5, n(Zn^(2+))/n(Al^(3+) + La^(3+))=2 and the atomic ratio of La^(3+) toAl^(3+) ranging from 0.07 to 2, hydrothermal treatment at 120 ℃ for 5 h. When the calcination ofthe HTLcs is performed at temperatures above 200 ℃, ZnO phase is detected with Al_2O_3 and La_2O_3spreading on its top. The complex metal oxides derived from ZnAlLa-HTLcs at 500 ℃ have highercatalytic activity and selectivity than those from ZnAl-HTLcs for the esterification of acetic acidwith n-butanol under the same reaction conditions.

Preparation,Characterization,and Catalytical Application of MgCoAl-Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds

MgCoAl-hydrotalcite-like compounds （MgCoAI-HTLcs） were synthesized using the coprecipitation method of variable pH values. The effect of each factor on the preparation of HTLcs was discussed systematically, which included pH values, mole ratios of Mg2＋ to Co2＋, the concentrations of the solution, and the temperature and time of the hydrothermal treatment. Besides, the thermal decomposition of MgCoAI-HTLcs was discussed. X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and FT-IR spectroscopy were performed to characterize the MgCoAI-HTLcs samples. The results showed that when the pH = 7.6-8.5 or 5.5-6.2, atomic ratios of （Mg^2＋＋Co2＋）/Al^3＋ 2 and Mg^2＋/Co^2＋ ranging from 1.00 to 2.00, temperature and time of hydrothermal treatment being 110℃ and 6 h, unique MgCoAI-HTLcs with high crystallinity could be obtained. When the calcination temperature was up to 250℃, the MgO phase was detected coexisting with Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 was highly spreaded on the derived mixed oxides. The synthesis reaction of benzoin methyl ether with methanol and benzaldehyde was chosen to study the catalytic activity of MgCoAI-HTLcs. The catalyst showed high activity and high stability in the synthesis of benzoin methyl ether in the feasible condition.

Studies on the Synthesis and the Structure of Ferric Aluminum Magnesium Hydrotalcite-like Compounds

The particles of ferric aluminum magnesium hydrotalcite-like compounds (Fe-Al-Mg_HTlc) were synthesized by co-precipitation method. It was found that when n(Fe)/n(Al+Mg+Fe)<0.30 and n(Al)/n(Al+Mg+Fe)<0.30, pure HTlc can be formed; when the molar ratio of Al/ (Fe+Al+Mg)>0.30, Al(OH)3 will emerge; when the molar ratio of Fe/(Fe+Al+Mg) >0.30, the amorphous composition will appear. Hence Fe3+ and Al3+ have no concentration superposition effect on the crystal structure of the samples.

The Isoelectric Point and the Points of Zero Charge of Fe-Al-Mg Hydrotalcite-like Compounds

The relation of the isoelectric point (IEP) and the point of zero net charge (PZNC) of the hydrotalcite-like compounds was discussed. It was found that the IEP does not equal to the PZNC and the IEP is higher than the PZNC. The structural positive charges existing in the HTlc, which cause the difference between the IEP and the PZNC. The effects of the structural positive charges of the HTlc on its IEP and PZNC are the same as the specific adsorption of metal cations.

CoMnMgAl Hydrotalcite-like Compounds and their Complex Oxides: Facile Synthesis and FCC SO_x Removal

The X-CoMnMgAl hydrotalcite-like precursors(X-LDHs) were first synthesized by the coprecipitation method using Cl-, CO32-, NO3- and SO42- as the corresponding guest anions, which were further used to prepare X-CoMnMgAl complex oxides(X-LDOs) through calcination. The structure and the surface morphology of the as-prepared samples were characterized by FT–IR, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption and SEM. These as-prepared X-LDOs could act as sulfur-transfer catalysts for desulfurization. The activity of SOx adsorption and regeneration was evaluated via a self-assembled fixed-bed reactor simulating the conditions found in the fluid catalytic cracking units. These four types of sulfur-transfer catalysts with the same phase but different structure displayed the following order of desulfurization efficiency: CO3-LDO >Cl-LDO >NO3-LDO > SO4-LDO.

Catalytic depolymerization of calcium lignosulfonate by NiMgFeO_x derived from sub-micron sized NiMgFe hydrotalcite prepared by introducing hydroxyl compounds

A new method for regulating the synthesis of Ni Mg Fe hydrotalcites(NMF LDHs) with the addition of hydroxyl compounds was proposed. A series of NMF LDHs were prepared by the above method, and then were calcined to obtain the Ni Mg FeOx(NMFOx) samples. The NMFOxsamples were characterized by XRD,SEM, TG-DTG, XPS and CO2-TPD, respectively. The catalytic performance of NMFOxfor depolymerizing calcium lignosulfonate(CLS) was evaluated by hydrothermal reaction. The results showed that the addition of hydroxyl compounds favored reducing the particle sizes of NMF LDHs. For the depolymerization of CSL, the yield of liquid product increased from 45% to 75.8% with the addition of NMFOx-ethanol(NMFOxET). The liquid products were mainly phenolics, aromatics, ketones and esters. The total selectivity of oxy-containing compounds was over 90.6%, among them, the phenolics were approximately 35.2%. The valence of Ni and Fe, crystalline phase and basicity almost remained unchanged. The NMFOx-ET samples were recycled for the depolymerization of CLS, moreover, the NMFOx-ET samples had high activity and stability after 4 cycles.

Using Kaolinitic Clay for Preparation of a Hydrotalcite-Like Compound

In this study, Mg-Al-CO3 hydrotalcite was synthesized from a kaolinite as natural source aluminium using two simple methods. The first method uses the kaolinite in natural solid state, the second method use the filtrate of the kaolinite after dissolution by acidic solutions. The structure of the materials was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) measurements.

Ni-Co/Mg-Al catalyst derived from hydrotalcite-like compound prepared by plasma for dry reforming of methane

Ni-Co bimetallic catalysts with different Ni/Co content were derived from cold plasma jet decomposition and reduction of hydrotalcite-like compounds containing Ni,Co,Mg and Al,and their catalytic performance was investigated with dry reforming of methane.Experimental results showed that the hydrotalcite-like precursors could be completely decomposed and partly reduced by cold plasma jet,and the Nicontained catalysts exhibited much higher activity than the catalyst without Ni.Especially,the catalyst with Ni/Co ratio of 8/2 achieved not only the highest conversions of 80.3%and 69.3%for CH4 and CO2,respectively,but also the best stability in 100 h testing.The catalysts were characterized by XRD,XPS,TEM and N2 adsorption techniques,and the results showed that the better performance of the 8Ni2Co bimetallic catalyst was attributed to its higher metal dispersion,smaller metal particle size,as well as the interaction effect between Ni and Co,which were brought by the special catalyst preparation method.

NiZnAl-HTLcs类水滑石化合物的制备和表征

以硝酸镍、硝酸锌和硝酸铝为原料 ,氢氧化钠为沉淀剂 ,采用变化pH值沉淀法 ,合成了NiZnAl HTLcs三元类水滑石化合物 ,从测定不同比例混盐的NaOH滴定曲线着手 ,利用XRD对滴定过程中不同pH值段合成物相进行鉴定 ,探讨了原料配比 ,水热处理温度和时间 ,合成温度和合成方式等因素对合成HTLcs的影响。借助FT IR ,ICP对其物化性质进行表征 ,筛选出合成HTLcs的最佳条件 ,并对合成的HTLcs随焙烧温度变化的结构进行初步研究。结果表明 ,制备HTLcs主要取决于pH值 ,原料配比 。

CuZnAl-LDHs结构调控及其催化合成气制低碳醇研究

为解决Cu基催化剂在合成气制取低碳醇过程中的Cu物种分散度较低等问题,分别采用4种插层方法(共沉淀法、离子交换法、焙烧复原法和返混沉淀法)对[Cu(EDTA)]^(2-)插层ZnAl类水滑石催化剂的结构进行了调控。通过XRD、N_(2)物理吸/脱附、TEM、H_(2)-TPR和XPS等表征方法对催化剂结构进行了分析,并考察了催化剂催化CO加氢制取低碳醇的性能。结果表明,改变插层方法可以有效调控催化剂的Cu分散度、Cu比表面积和氧空位相对含量等,进而影响其催化性能。采用焙烧复原法制备的催化剂Cu分散度最高,Cu比表面积最大,氧空位相对含量最多,且Cu物种与层板上的ZnO相互作用较强,其在反应条件为温度280℃、压力4.0 MPa、反应空速2000 h^(-1)和V(H_(2)):V(CO)=1:1时表现出最优的催化性能,总醇时空收率高达17468.7 mg/(g·h)。

采用HTLcs前驱体制备的丙酮一步法制MIBK催化剂

采用共沉淀法制备Cu Mg A1三元类水滑石,进而煅烧得到CuO MgO Al2O3催化剂用于丙酮加氢一步合成甲基异丁基酮(MIBK)反应。研究了催化剂活性组分配比及反应条件对转化率和选择性的影响,经筛选得到催化剂体系的最佳组成为:n(Cu)∶n(Mg)∶n(Al)=4∶16∶10,适宜的反应条件为:温度240℃,n(H2)∶n(丙酮)=2.5,液空速为4.8mL/h·g,在该条件下丙酮转化率达73.88%,MIBK选择性达55.23%。

Calcined-ZnNiAl-HTLcs催化α-蒎烯环氧化反应的研究

采用低饱和态共沉淀法,辅助微波手段快速合成了催化剂前驱体ZnNiAl-HTLcs,煅烧后产物为Calcined-ZnNiAl-HTLcs。利用XRD、IR和SEM对ZnNiAl-HTLcs和Calcined-ZnNiAlHTLcs进行了结构和形貌测试,ZnNiAl-HTLcs具有片状水滑石的晶体结构,其煅烧产物粒子大小均匀。将Calcined-ZnNiAl-HTLcs作为催化剂应用于催化双氧水α-蒎烯环氧化反应中,考察了反应介质、α-蒎烯/H2O2摩尔比、催化剂用量等对双氧水蒎烯环氧化性能的影响。结果显示,以丙酮与水1∶1(体积比)为溶剂,α-蒎烯/H2O2摩尔比为1.2∶2,在60℃反应4 h时,α-蒎烯转化率为67.64%,2,3-环氧蒎烷的选择性为53.81%。

三元水滑石类化合物的合成及应用进展

二维纳米材料具有高比表面积和特殊的层间空间,因此展现出独特的物理化学性质。三元水滑石类化合物是重要的层状化合物,其多种金属离子的复杂性使其具有可调节的粒径分布、层间结构、孔隙分布、酸碱性、离子交换性和热稳定性等。通过对三元水滑石类化合物制备方法 的研究和精细结构的设计,使其在电化学、催化、吸附、聚氯乙烯(PVC)热稳定和医药卫生等领域展现出独特的应用潜力:作为电极材料可应用于碱性电池、氧气析出反应(OER)、亚硝酸盐氧化等过程;通过调节三元水滑石类化合物的离子配比,结合离子改性、负载、焙烧等方法 可将其用于罗丹明B(RhB)、亚甲基蓝、甲基橙等物质的光催化降解;利用三元水滑石类化合物的层间空隙,可以通过静电吸附或化学吸附实现重金属阳离子、阴离子及有机污染物的脱除;利用其碱性可吸收PVC分解产生的HCl,提高PVC的热稳定性;将三元水滑石类化合物与具有抗菌、抗癌、消炎功能的活性物质复合,可用于生物医药材料合成。

利用铝灰制备镍镁铝三元水滑石

将铝灰制备成铝盐,作为其中的原料,采用共沉淀法制备了改性水滑石-镍镁铝三元水滑石。通过场扫描电镜、X射线衍射、傅里叶红外等对其进行了表征,结果显示,成功的合成了类水滑石。铝灰得到了资源再生化利用,同时也为固废物的资源化再利用提供了新方法和新思路。

Synthesis of HTLcs modified by K_(3)PO_(4) for side chain alkylation of toluene with methanol

A series of calcined HTLcs catalysts were prepared and modified with potassium phosphate by impregnation method to clarify the influence of catalyst alkalinity on the side chain alkylation of toluene with methanol for synthesis of ethylbenzene and styrene.The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),N_(2)physical adsorption-desorption,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectrometry(XPS),NH_(3)temperature-programmed desorption(NH_(3)-TPD)and CO_(2)temperature-programmed desorption(CO_(2)-TPD).It was found that the selectivity of styrene was highest(39.25%)when the K_(3)PO_(4)loading was 7.5 wt%.And the total yield of styrene and ethylbenzene could reach 65.08%with 10 wt%K_(3)PO_(4)loading.This might due to the fact that the addition of K_(3)PO_(4)could adjust the acid and basic sites of catalysts.In addition,appropriate strength and amount of basic sites were favorable to producing more styrene.

Urea Decomposition Method to Synthesize Hydrotalcites

The urea decomposition property at high temperature has been used to control the pH value in the synthesis of layer compounds. The hydrotalcites of Mg-Al and Ni-Al with high crystallinity were synthesized by using this property.

PVDF/HTLcs超滤膜的制备及性能研究

用氧化镁脱硫废渣制备了类水滑石(HTLcs),将其与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)共混,采用相转换法制备HTLcs杂化PVDF超滤膜。考察了HTLcs对PVDF杂化膜表面形态、晶体结构、力学性能、热稳定性、渗透性能及抗污性能的影响。结果表明,杂化膜显示了更好的亲水性能和抗污性能,有较高的纯水通量和截留率,HTLcs的添加量为3%时,杂化膜得到最大的纯水通量243.67 L/(m^2·h),且具有较好的抗污性能,其恢复率最高达97.3%。

多元水滑石类化合物的研究进展及应用前景

水滑石类化合物是一种重要的层状结构化合物,在众多领域具有广阔的应用前景。多元水滑石包括三元、四元和五元水滑石类化合物,因其结构中的多种金属离子使得性能复杂多变。分析多元水滑石类化合物的基本性质、合成方法,总结水滑石结构、化学性质的特殊性,得出多元水滑石类化合物在催化、离子吸附和功能材料等方面应用具有较大优势。

类水滑石衍生锌基氧化物高温煤气脱硫过程中COS释放行为及其抑制研究

高温煤气脱硫是煤炭清洁转化过程中的关键技术之一。前期研究表明,锌铝类水滑石基衍生氧化物可高效脱除高温煤气中的H2S,但其脱硫过程中COS释放规律缺乏定性定量研究。探讨了类水滑石衍生锌基氧化物脱硫过程COS释放的可能途径,包括反应热力学分析及实验研究,提出采用镍掺杂策略以抑制脱硫剂脱硫过程中生成COS。研究表明,锌铝类水滑石基衍生氧化物脱除煤气中H_(2)S时产生COS的主要途径是H_(2)S与CO_(2)间的气固相催化反应,该途径所释放COS量占总释放量的78%。通过镍助剂的掺杂使得锌铝类水滑石基衍生氧化物既保持了原有结构形貌,也有效抑制了其脱硫过程中COS的释放;其中最佳镍掺杂量(Zn/Ni摩尔比为30)脱硫剂穿透前的COS释放量减少88%,而硫容仅降低1.5%。

钴铝铁三元类水滑石复合物活化PMS降解盐酸四环素

本文基于赤泥中的铁和铝组分,以赤泥为铁源与铝源,六水氯化钴为钴源,采用共沉淀法制备钴铝铁三元类水滑石材料(CoAlFe-LDHs),用于活化过硫酸氢钾复合盐(PMS)降解盐酸四环素(TC-HCl),考察了PMS投加量、CoAlFe-LDHs催化剂投加量、初始pH值及TC-HCl初始质量浓度对TC-HCl降解效果的影响。实验结果表明,在PMS物质的量浓度为0.75 mmol/L、CoAlFe-LDHs催化剂投加量为0.20 g/L、初始pH值为5.5、TC-HCl初始质量浓度为0.02 g/L的条件下,CoAlFe-LDHs对TC-HCl具有良好的降解效果,20min后TC-HCl的降解率可达97.6%。