Efficient CO_2 capture on low-cost silica gel modified by polyethyleneimine

In this work, a series of polyethyleneimine （PEI） functionalized commercial silica gel were prepared by wet impregnation method and used as CO2 sorbent. The as-prepared sorbents were characterized by N2 adsorption, FT-1R and SEM techniques. CO2 capture was tested in a fixed bed reactor using a simulated flue gas containing 15.1% CO2 in a temperature range of 25-100 ~C. The effects of sorption temperature and amine content on CO2 uptake of the adsorbents were investigated. The silica gel with a 30 wt% PEI loading manifested the largest CO2 uptake of 93.4 mgcoz/gadsorbent （equal to 311.3 mg^oz/gPEI） among the tested sorbents under the conditions of 15.1% （v/v） CO2 in N2 at 75 ~C and atmospheric pressure. Moreover, it was rather low-cost. In addition, the PEI-impregnated silica gel exhibited stable adsorption-desorption behavior during 5 consecutive test cycles. These results suggest that the PEI-impregnated silica gel is a promising and cost-effective sorbent for CO2 capture from flue gas and other stationary sources with low CO2 concentration.

A NOVEL METHOD TO PREPARE CROSSLINKED POLYETHYLENEIMINE HOLLOW NANOSPHERES

A novel method to prepare crosslinked polyethyleneimine （CPEI） hollow nanospheres was reported. Uniform silica nanospheres were used as templates, 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane （APS） was immobilized on the surface of silica nanospheres as couple agent. Aziridine was initiated ring-opening polymerization with the amino groups in APS to form polyethyleneimine （PEI） shell layer. 1,4-Butanediol diacrylate was utilized to crosslink PEI polymeric shell. The silica nanospheres in core were etched by hydrofluoric acid to obtain hollow CPEI nanospheres. The hollow nanospheres were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）.

Enhanced adsorptive removal of Cr(VI)in aqueous solution by polyethyleneimine modified palygorskite

Polyethyleneimine(PEI)modified palygorskite(Pal)was used for the adsorption of Cr(VI)in aqueous solution.The absorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA).Characterized results confirmed that the Pal has been successfully modified by PEI.The modification of PEI increased the Cr(VI)adsorption performance of the Pal by the adsorption combined reduction mechanism,and amino groups of the adsorbent play the main role in the enhanced Cr(VI)adsorption.The maximum adsorption capacity was 51.10 mg·g^-1 at pH4.0 and 25°C.The adsorption kinetics of Cr(VI)on the adsorbent conforms to the Langmuir isotherm model.The maximum adsorption occurs at pH3,and then the adsorption capacity of PEI-Pal was decreased with the increase of p H values.The adsorption kinetics of Cr(VI)on PEI-Pal was modeled with pseudo-second-order model.The addition of Cl^-,SO4^2-and PO4^3-reduced the Cr(VI)adsorption by competition with Cr(VI)for the active sites of PEI-Pal.The Cr(VI)saturated PEI-Pal can be regenerated in alkaline solution,and the adsorption capacity can still be maintained at 30.44 mg·g^-1 after 4 cycles.The results demonstrate that PEI-Pal can be used as a potential adsorbent of Cr(VI)in aqueous solutions.

SURFACE TREATMENT OF POLY (ETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE) FABRIC WITH POLYETHYLENEIMINE

A branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI) was applied to poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET) fabric to improve its surface moisture absorption so that the fabric becomes lessliable to retention of electrostatic charg. The durability of this treatment was assessed bywashing and followed by measurement of charge development on the fabric. The treatedsamples showed improved surface wetting compared to the untreated. The results areconsistent with attachment of the BPEI to the PET surface by a cross-linking mechanism.

SYNTHESIS OF SILICAS-SUPPORTED POLYETHYLENEIMINE AND ITS ADSORPTION PROPERTIES

Abstracts . In this paper, a silicas-supportedpolyethyleneimine resin is synthesized and its adsorption proper-ties are studied. Its selectivity of sorbing heavy metal ion will vary considerably as the pH value of solution varies. In hy-drochloric acid,the resin only sorbs Au(Ⅱ). This suggests that the resin is applicable to the separation of copper (Ⅱ) or gold (Ⅲ).

Ion Exchange Equilibrium between DOWEX 1X8 Resin Modified by Polyethyleneimine and Electrolyte Solutions

In order to improve the selectivity of anion exchange resin, the surface of gel type anion exchange resin was modified with polyethyleneimine (PEI). In the proposed work an attempt to the utilization of commercial anion exchange resin modified by adsorption of polyethyleneimine was investigated. Many conditions of modification of anion exchange resin surface were studied. The influent parameters on the DOWEX 1X8 resin modification were determined using a factorial experimental design. The ion exchange reactions were studied for modified and unmodified resin and electrolyte solutions containing Cl-,NO3-,SO42-. All experiments were performed at constant ionic strength I = 0.3 mol·L-1 and constant temperature T = 298 K. Ionic exchange isotherms were established for the binary systems:Cl-/NO3-,Cl-/SO42- and NO3-/SO42-. The obtained results show that nitrate ion was more sorbed than chloride and sulfate. The order of preference for the anions studied in this investigation is:NO3->Cl->SO42-. All the results given by this resin were compared with those obtained with the AMX anion exchange membrane. Selectivity coefficients and thermodynamic constants for the three binary systems and for the two resins were determined. The modified resin became more selective towards monovalent anions.

Folate-Polyethyleneimine Grafted Polymer Multilayer Hollow Microcapsules as a Slow-Release Carrier of Doxorubicin

A novel biodegradable and biocompatible multilayer hollow microcapsules, modified by folate-conjugated polyethyleneimine （PEI）, as targeted and sustained release carriers of doxorubicin （DOX）, were successfully synthesized using the sequential layer-by-layer electrostatic assembly technique from the sacrificial microtemplates （CaCOs/CMC, spherical, 1.7 pro） with chitosan （CS） and sodium earboxymethyl cellulose （ CMC ） as the polycation and polyanion polyelectrolyte. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） observation showed that the diameter of the seven assembly multilayer microparticles was about 2.0 pm with relatively regular sphere. After the microparticle cores was removed by complexation with ethylene diamine tctraacetic acid （EDTA） for calcium ions, the range of 200- 300 nm wall thickness of microcapsules was built, and it made the forming microeapsules to be stable. Thermogravimctric analysis confirms the deposition and modification total amount of polymer on the microtemplates is about 33.5 %. The assembly microparticles were modified by introducing PEI, and the grafting rate of folate could reach 20. 0 %. It was 4 times that of traditional method. The high grafting rate helped to improve targeting action of microcapsules. The deposition of DOX was prominent and the encapsulation efficiency was 96.9 %, and the plateaued release of loaded drug reached 78 % in pH 7.4 buffer solution, and then in pH 5.7 showed significantly a slow release.

Adsorption of CO₂on Polyethyleneimine 10k—<i>Mesoporous silica</i>Sorbent: XPS and TGA Studies

A CO2 solid sorbent based on polyethyleneimine 10k (PEI-10k) impregnated into mesoporous silica (MPS) foam was synthesized and utilized to capture CO2 at temperatures ranged from 65°C to 95°C. The calculated nitrogen and carbon contents in the bulk of the PEI-10k/MPS sorbent were similar to the XPS results measured on the surface of the foam, suggesting that the PEI was homo-geneously distributed throughout the MPS support. After CO2 adsorptionthe N 1s peak was broadened and could be resolved into two components: a high binding energy component (~401 eV) and a lower binding energy one (396 eV), respectively. The former nitrogen states are consistent with a protonated amine, presumably, due to carbamate formation. The lower binding energy component (~396 eV) could possibly be due to strongly chemisorbed CO2. The maximum sorption capacity was about 4 mmole CO2/g sorbent at 85°C and 1 bar. This capacity was doubled by raising the CO2 pressure to 24.95 bars. The adsorption results can be described by a Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Feature Designed Growth of 3D Flower-like SiO2 Growing on Polyethyleneimine Modified CaCO3 Microparticles

We report on the ability to create complex 3D flower-like SiO2 in vitro via CaCO3 micropar- icles supported by polyethyleneimine mediated biosilicification under experimentally altered chemical influences. The morphology, structure, composition of the product have been inves- tigated with the X-ray photoelectron spectrum, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Tile overall morphologies could be controlled to shift from a characteristic network of flower-like silica sphere to a sheet-like structure by adjusting physical adsorption of different amount of polyethyleneimine onto the surface of the CaCO3 microparticles.

Effect of Polyethyleneimine Assisting the Growth of Eu-doped ZnO Nanowire Arrays in Mannich Reaction

In study on the growth reaction mechanism of Eu-doped ZnO nanowire（NW）, the intermedium of reaction is characterized by measures such as FTIR. Besides, the influences of polyethyleneimine（PEI） on morphology, structure and photoelectric property of NW are observed by SEM, TEM, XRD, UV-vis and PL spectrum. According to the result, it manifests that Eu-doped ZnO NW array growth response experiences six mutually associated reaction processes in PEI-HMTA system：（a） chelation reaction of PEI and Zn^2＋ ＆ Eu^3＋;（b） protonation reaction of PEI and NH_3;（c） decomposition reaction of hexamethylenetetramine（HMTA）;（d） Mannich reaction of HCHO and PEI;（e） formation of precursor of Eu-doped ZnO;（f） dehydration condensation of Eu-doped ZnO precursors, further forming a doped ZnO NW array. Among them, PEI is the key factor of the whole doping growth reaction process. It both plays a role in modifying the growth of ZnO NW and makes it become longer and thinner. In the meantime, it also facilitates doping of Eu and enables ZnO NW to capture more photoelectrons and higher transmission rate, which is critical to improve photovoltaic performance of optoelectronic devices.

Gene transfection mediated by polyethyleneiminepolyethylene glycol nanocarrier prevents cisplatininduced spiral ganglion cell damage

Polyethyleneimine-polyethylene glycol （PEI-PEG）, a novel nanocarrier, has been used for trans- fection and gene therapy in a variety of cells. In our previous study, we successfully carried out PEI-PEG-mediated gene transfer in spiral ganglion cells. It remains unclear whether PEI-PEG could be used for gene therapy with X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein （XIAP） in the inner ear. In the present study, we performed PEI-PEG-mediated XIAP gene transfection in the cochlea of Sprague-Dawley rats, via scala tympani fenestration, before daily cisplatin injections. Audito- ry brainstem reflex tests demonstrated the protective effects of XIAP gene therapy on auditory function. Immunohistochemical staining revealed XIAP protein expression in the cytoplasm of cells in the spiral ganglion, the organ of Corti and the stria vascularis. Reverse transcription-PCR detected high levels of XIAP mRNA expression in the cochlea. The present findings suggest that PEI-PEG nanocarrier-mediated XIAP gene transfection results in XIAP expression in the cochlea, prevents damage to cochlear spiral ganglion cells, and protects hearing.

Polyethyleneimine-integrated composite sorbents for emerging pollutants remediation in water: Cross-linking strategy and tailored affinity

The removal and enrichment of pollutants in industrial wastewater using efficient adsorption processes have been a hot scientific topic in the field of environmental chemistry and green chemistry.Compared with the progress in the design,synthesis,and performance of polyethyleneimine-modified adsorbent materials at home and abroad,there are few reviews on how to modify polyethyleneimine(PEI)in adsorbent materials through functional group reactions.Therefore,this review attempts to provide a systematic review of how PEI can prepare adsorbent materials by functional group reaction and the adsorption mechanism of inorganic metal ions,phosphates,and dyes in wastewater by PEI.On this basis,future research directions of adsorbent materials are prepared by PEI prospects.

开放性实验:聚乙烯亚胺修饰碳点的合成、纯化与表征

开放性实验是培养拔尖创新人才的有效手段。我们基于学生兴趣、科研热点和实验室条件,设计了实验方案。实验采用一步水热法,以柠檬酸(CA)为碳源,聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为修饰剂,合成PEI修饰碳点(PEI-CDs)。首先,将CA、PEI在0.1 mol/L的盐酸中超声至完全溶解,混匀后转移到高压反应釜中,放入烘箱130℃反应2 h,制得PEI-CDs原液;然后将冷却至室温的原液旋转蒸发浓缩至2 mL,并用无水乙醇沉淀、洗涤;最后,将所得沉淀放入真空干燥箱,70℃干燥12 h得到PEI-CDs粉末。利用紫外-可见分光光度计、荧光分光光度计、红外光谱仪和透射电镜对所合成的PEI-CDs进行表征。结果表明,所采用的无水乙醇沉淀纯化方法简单、快速、经济、绿色,制得的PEI-CDs水溶性好,发光性能优异,大小均一,稳定性高。通过该开放性实验,学生不仅熟悉了大型仪器的使用,而且增强了科学研究的兴趣。

水驱油藏聚乙烯亚胺交联聚合物凝胶体系研究进展

聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)是一种低毒性环保材料,它与聚合物交联的凝胶体系具有适用温度范围广、成胶时间可控、成胶后强度大、高温稳定时间长、几乎不受储层岩石矿物影响等优点。本文回顾了以PEI作为交联剂的各类凝胶体系的研究动态,阐明了PEI与各类聚合物的交联反应机理及其凝胶体系特点,分析了各类因素对凝胶性能的影响,并列举了改善凝胶性能的方法和成功的矿场应用实例,重点分析了提高凝胶体系交联活性的方法研究。最后,提出聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)/PEI凝胶体系作为环保型调驱体系在中低温油藏深部调控方面具有非常大的应用前景,应继续深入研究提高PAM/PEI凝胶体系交联效率的方法及其作用机理,以降低聚合物与交联剂用量,为这一体系的推广应用提供理论依据与实验基础。

基于4-巯基苯甲酸和聚乙烯亚胺功能化纳米银的Cr^(3+)检测研究

水体中重金属离子含量过高会导致生态环境及人体健康的严重损害,检测水体中重金属离子含量十分重要。针对目前重金属离子检测灵敏度的问题,合成了4-巯基苯甲酸和聚乙烯亚胺修饰的纳米银材料,并构建了水溶液中铬离子检测体系。考察了不同修饰剂的浓度、体系pH对检测体系的影响。研究结果表明,当4-巯基苯甲酸浓度为1×10^(-6)mol/L、聚乙烯亚胺质量浓度为2×10^(-8)g/mL、pH=9.73时,该检测体系对Cr^(3+)具有良好的检测效果,在最优条件下检测限可达8×10^(-7)mol/L。另外,该检测体系能够有效抵抗Al^(3+)、Ni^(2+)、K^(+)、Sr^(2+)、Co^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Fe^(3+)、Zn^(2+)的干扰。在Cr^(3+)浓度为8×10^(-7)~1×10^(-5)mol/L时,符合曲线方程y=0.05906+0.50402/[1+10^(2.59349×10^(-6)-x)×569909.68](R^(2)=0.997)。该研究在检测污水中Cr^(3+)浓度方面具有较大的应用价值。

纤维素-聚乙烯亚胺水凝胶的制备及其抑菌性

纤维素是地球上存量最大的生物质,为了将其功能化并开拓新的用途,制备了一种纤维素基的抗菌水凝胶,并利用平板抑菌实验证明了其对两种常见植物病害真菌有良好的抑制效果。首先,采用高碘酸钠将纤维素氧化,测定其氧化度,并得到最适氧化条件;然后将氧化纤维素与聚乙烯亚胺反应生成水凝胶,并通过高速匀浆得到质量分数为1.0%的水凝胶悬浮液;最后,评价纤维素-聚乙烯亚胺水凝胶(PEI/OC-gel)对水稻稻瘟病菌和尖孢镰刀菌(西瓜专化型)的抑菌效果。结果表明,质量浓度高于0.75 mg·mL^(-1)的PEI/OC-gel可有效抑制稻瘟病菌和尖孢镰刀菌(西瓜专化型)的生长,因此有望将其用于防治水稻稻瘟病和西瓜蔓枯病等常见的植物真菌性感染。

有机胺改性树脂基球形活性炭对二氧化碳的吸附行为

以球形结构的固废离子交换树脂为原料,经CO_(2)活化、酸洗处理制得具有较高比表面积和较大中孔孔容的树脂基球形活性炭(HRSAC),然后在其表面负载聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)制得吸附材料PEI-HRSAC。系统考察了PEI负载量和吸附温度对CO_(2)吸附性能的影响,结果表明,在活化温度为950℃、活化时间为1 h的最佳活化工艺条件下,所制得的树脂基球形活性炭经酸洗处理后其比表面积为1365 m^(2)/g,中孔孔容为2.04 cm^(3)/g,中孔孔径主要分布在10~40 nm;PEI-HRSAC吸附材料对CO_(2)的吸附性能随吸附温度和PEI负载量的升高先增大后减小;当PEI负载量为65%、吸附温度为75℃时,PEI-HRSAC吸附材料对CO_(2)的吸附量最高,约为4.09 mmol/g,在经过4次循环吸/脱附后吸附量仍保持在较高水平(3.66 mmol/g)。

聚乙烯亚胺和Mg2+荧光增敏快速检测四环素类抗生素

四环素类抗生素(TCs)是一类广谱抗菌药物,被广泛应用于治疗人畜疾病且效果显著,但过度使用TCs造成其在动物性食品中的残留问题会对自然环境和人体健康造成严重的危害。因此,对食品环境中TCs的残留进行快速检测是十分必要的。迄今为止,对TCs在酸性溶液中荧光检测相关的研究报道较少。在弱酸性条件下,TCs属于弱荧光物质,但与富有氨基的阳离子表面活性剂聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)结合时,在370 nm的激发下,在525 nm处产生较强的绿色荧光;当TCs与PEI和二价金属镁离子(Mg^(2+))共存时,TCs的荧光强度被进一步增强。本研究利用PEI和Mg^(2+)在弱酸性条件下对TCs的协同荧光增敏效应,构建了一种快速、简单、高灵敏检测残留TCs的荧光检测法。实验结果表明:在最优检测条件下,该体系对TCs的定量线性检测范围为5 nmol/L~2μmol/L,其中,美他环素(MTC)、四环素(TC)、土霉素(OTC)的相关系数R^(2)分别为0.939,0.997和0.999,检出限(LOD)分别为3.6,2.7和4.8 nmol/L,均远低于中国和欧盟的限量标准。本方法对MTC、TC、OTC表现出很高的特异性,与常见的其他抗生素均不产生干扰。在实际的牛奶检测中,该体系对TCs的加标回收率为91.64%~104.05%,相对标准偏差为1.20%~10.62%。本方法可适用于酸性体系中残留TCs的分析,为水体和食品中残留TCs检测提供了一种新的依据和思路。

贻贝仿生涂层修饰聚合物微球固定化脂肪酶的制备及应用

为构建新型固定化酶催化体系,以聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为载体,利用贻贝仿生技术——多巴胺/聚乙烯亚胺共沉积进行修饰,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)、Zeta电位及红外光谱(FT-IR)表征所得材料,并研究其固定化近平滑假丝酵母CICC 33470所产脂肪酶的表征及酶学性质。最佳酶固定化条件为:固定化温度为30℃,固定化pH为7.0,固定化时间为5 h,初始酶活为337.76 U/mL,载体添加量为0.2 g。固定化酶最佳反应温度为50℃,最佳反应pH为8.0,最佳反应时间为10 min,最优条件下固定化酶酶活为484.42±5.97 U/g-载体。固定化酶的稳定性明显提高,重复使用8次后,固定化酶仍有39.22%的初始酶活。进一步将固定化酶用于催化乙酰丙酸与十二醇的酯化反应,转化率可达75.94%,充分证明聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯经修饰后是固定化脂肪酶的优良载体,为未来扩大脂肪酶的应用范围提供了基础数据。

TA对基于DA/PEI的PVDF复合疏松纳滤膜的结构与性能影响的研究

为了对染料废水中染料和盐进行有效地分离与回收,以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)超滤膜为基膜,以多巴胺(DA)、单宁酸(TA)及聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为共沉积物,以均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)为有机相,采用界面聚合法制备了PVDF复合疏松纳滤膜,探讨了DA与TA及PEI与TA的质量浓度比对PVDF复合疏松纳滤膜结构与性能及处理模拟RB5染料废水效果的影响。结果表明,当ρ(DA)/ρ(TA)与ρ(PEI)/ρ(TA)分别为2/8和4/6时,膜性能最佳,此时纯水通量较不添加TA时分别提高36%和114%;模拟RB5染料废水通量较不添加TA时分别提高37%和87%;染料截留率分别为95.5%、95.4%,盐(NaCl)的截留率分别为3.95%、3.15%。PVDF复合疏松纳滤膜在处理模拟RB5染料废水中运行稳定性良好。