Follicular hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome patients with normal circulating testosterone levels

Polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS） is a common reproductive disease with high heterogeneity. The role of excess androgen in PCOS etiology remains disputed, since around 20%-50% of PCOS women do not display hyperandrogenemia. The microenvironment of the ovary critically influences follicular development. In the present study, we assessed the role of androgen in PCOS by investigating whether excessive follicular fluid androgen was present in PCOS patients with normal serum androgen levels and influenced by follicular fluid insulin resistance（IR）.Follicular fluid samples of 105 women with PCOS and 105 controls were collected. Levels of steroid hormones,glucose and insulin in the follicular fluid were examined and compared with data from serum biochemistry tests. We found that 64.9%（63/97） of PCOS patients with normal serum androgen levels displayed abnormally high follicular fluid androgen level. The follicular fluid androgen level was positively correlated with follicular fluid IR within a certain range and follicular fluid estrogen-to-testosterone（E2/T） ratio was significantly reduced in these patients.These results indicated that there existed a subgroup of PCOS patients who displayed excessive follicular fluid androgen and IR despite their normal circulating testosterone（T） levels. Our study highlights the importance of ovary hyperandrogenism and IR in the etiology of PCOS.

Coexistence of ovarian serous papillary cystadenofibroma and type A insulin resistance syndrome in a 14-year-old girl: A case report

BACKGROUND Type A insulin resistance syndrome is a rare disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding the insulin receptor.Its coexistence with ovarian serous papillary cystadenofibroma is even rarer.CASE SUMMARY A 14-year-old girl developed type A insulin resistance syndrome and showed high fasting insulin,glucose,and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)levels.The girl suffered from ovarian serous papillary cystadenofibroma.The laboratory results were as follows:fasting insulin was 2624.90 pmol/L and HbA1c was 8.5%.A heterozygous missense mutation on exon 20 of the insulin receptor gene(c.3601C>T,Arg1201Trp)was observed.The histopathological diagnosis was a cystic lesion that extended to the upper right uterus,indicating a right ovarian serous papillary cystadefibroma accompanied by focal interstitial hyperplasia.The patient was treated with metformin for over 6 mo.Additionally,laparoscopic resection(bilateral)of the ovarian lesion and laparoscopic intestinal adhesiolysis were performed under general anesthesia.Diet therapy combined with exercise was then initiated.The patient had an uneventful recovery.The patient also showed improved blood glucose control,with reduced levels of fasting insulin(857.84 pmol/L)and HbA1c(7.0%).CONCLUSION Insulin resistance may play a significant role in the induction of tumors.It is important to investigate further the association between insulin resistance and tumors and the underlying mechanism.

Identification of Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs in the Ovary of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Hyperandrogenism and Insulin Resistance

Background：Polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） is the commonest endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age.The patients often develop insulin resistance （IR） or hyperinsulinemia despite manifesting anovulation and signs of hyperandrogenism.The cause and effect relationship of hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia （HA） is still debated.Micro-ribonucleic acids （miRNAs） have recently been shown to play a role in regulation of ovarian function.Our current study focused on the altered expression of miRNAs with PCOS.Methods：Ovarian theca intema tissues were obtained from 10 PCOS patients and 8 controls that were non-PCOS and had normal insulin sensitivity undergoing laparoscopy and/or ovarian wedge resection.Total RNA of all samples was extracted.We studied the repertoire of miRNAs in both PCOS and non-PCOS women by microarray hybridization.Bioinformatic analysis was performed for predicting targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs.Furthermore,selected miRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR）.Results：A total of 27 miRNAs were differentially expressed in PCOS patients with respect to the controls in our discovery evaluationand two （miR-92a and miR-92b） of them were significantly downregulated in PCOS women in followed validation （P 〈 0.05）.Targets prediction revealed that miR-92a targeted both GATA family of zinc finger transcription factor GATA-binding factor 6 （GATA6） and insulin receptor substrate proteins 2 （IRS-2）.Conclusions：MiRNAs are differentially expressed between PCOS patients and controls.We identified and validated two miRNAs-miR-92a and miR-92b.They are significantly downregulated and may be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS.

Early testing of insulin resistance: a tale of two lipid ratios in a group of 5th graders screened by the Coronary Artery Risk Detection in Appalachian Communities Project (CARDIAC Project)

Background In West Virginia (WV),47% of fifth-grade children are either overweight or obese.There is no clear consensus regarding the definition of insulin resistance in children,and directly measuring insulin on the population level is costly.Two proposed measures examined further in this study include triglyceride (TRIG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio and TRIG/low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) ratio.The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between TRIG/HDL-C ratio,TRIG/LDL-C ratio and insulin resistance in fifth-graders with acanthosis nigricans (AN).Methods Between 2007 and 2016,52,545 fifth-grade students in WV were assessed for AN.Fasting glucose and insulin levels were collected only for a sub-group of students who were AN-positive and was used to determine insulin resistance using the Homeostatic Model for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) equation.Statistical analysis included t tests and logistic regression with receiver operating characteristic curves.Results Of the students assessed for AN,4.5% (n =2360) tested positive.The prevalence of insulin resistance was 79% (n =814) among 1030 with AN and complete HOMA-IR.TRIG/HDL-C ratio and TRIG/LDL-C ratio were significantly associated with insulin resistance (TRIG/HDL-C:Est.=0.36,P < 0.0001,AUC =0.68;TRIG/LDL-C:Est.=0.87,P < 0.0001,AUC =0.69).Multivariate analysis showed that increased body mass index (Est.=0.05,P < 0.0001),gender (Est.=0.49,p < 0.0001) and TRIG/HDL-C ratio (Est.=0.21,P < 0.0001) were significantly associated with insulin resistance.Conclusions TRIG/HDL-C is a better surrogate marker of insulin resistance in AN-positive children compared to TRIG/ LDL-C ratio;so,on a population-level,cholesterol rather than insulin may be obtained for preliminary testing of early insulin resistance in children.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and polycystic ovary syndrome

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the Western world comprising a spectrum of liver damage from fatty liver infiltration to end-stage liver disease,in patients without significant alcohol consumption.Increased prevalence of NAFLD has been reported in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS),one of the most common endocrinopathies in premenopausal women,which has been redefined as a reproductive and metabolic disorder after the recognition of the important role of insulin resistance in the pathophysiology of the syndrome.Obesity,in particular central adiposity and insulin resistance are considered as the main factors related to NAFLD in PCOS.Moreover,existing data support that androgen excess,which is the main feature of PCOS and is interrelated to insulin resistance,may be an additional contributing factor to the development of NAFLD.Although the natural history of NAFLD remains unclear and hepatic steatosis seems to be a relatively benign condition in most patients,limited data imply that advanced stage of liver disease is possibly more frequent in obese PCOS patients with NAFLD.PCOS patients,particularly obese patients with features of the metabolic syndrome,should be submitted to screening for NAFLD comprising assessment of serum aminotransferase levels and of hepatic steatosis by abdominal ultrasound.Lifestyle modifications including diet,weight loss and exercise are the most appropriate initial therapeutic interventions for PCOS patients with NAFLD.When pharmacologic therapy is considered,metformin may be used,although currently there is no medical therapy of proven benefit for NAFLD.Long-term follow up studies are needed to clarify clinical implications and guide appropriate diagnostic evaluation,follow-up protocol and optimal treatment for PCOS patients with NAFLD.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Fertility

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is defined as a combination of hyperandrogenism (hirsutism and acne) and anovulation (oligomenorrhea, infertility, and dysfunctional uterine bleeding), with or without the presence of polycystic ovaries on ultrasound. It represents the main endocrine disorder in the reproductive age, affecting 6% - 15% of women in menacme. It is the most common cause of infertility due to anovulation, and the main source of female infertility. When in the presence of a menstrual disorder, the diagnosis of PCOS is reached in 30% - 40% of patients with primary or secondary amenorrhoea and in 80% of patients with oligomenorrhea. PCOS should be diagnosed and treated early in adolescence due to reproductive, metabolic and oncological complications which may be associated with it. Treatment options include drugs, diet and lifestyle improvement.

Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on related variables of obesity complicated with polycystic ovary syndrome

BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is closely related to obesity,and weight loss can significantly improve the metabolic,endocrine and reproductive functions of obese individuals with PCOS.However,the efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG)for obesity with PCOS are unclear.AIM The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of LSG on related variables in obese patients with PCOS.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 32 obese patients with PCOS who received LSG treatment at the Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from 2013 to 2020.The changes in anthropometric indices,insulin,testosterone,estradiol,follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),menstrual cycle and LH/FSH ratio before and 1 mo,3 mo,6 mo and 12 mo after the operation were statistically analyzed.RESULTS At 1 mo,3 mo,6 mo and 12 mo after surgery,the anthropometric indices,such as body weight and body mass index,of all patients were lower than those before the operation.The percentage excess weight loss(EWL%)at 1 mo,3 mo,6 mo and 1 year of follow-up were 25,40,46 and 65,respectively.The PCOS-related indices,such as insulin,testosterone,estradiol,follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH)and menstrual cycle,were improved to varying degrees.During the 1-year follow-up,the average serum testosterone decreased from preoperative 0.72 ng/mL to 0.43 ng/mL(P<0.05),average fasting insulin level(9.0 mIU/mL,preoperative 34.2 mil,LH level,4.4 mIU/mL,preoperative 6.1 mIU/mL).The level of FSH(3.8 U/L,4.8 U/p0.05)and the ratio of LH/FSH(0.7,1.3/p0.05)were more relieved than those before surgery.During the postoperative follow-up,it was found that the menstrual cycle of 27 patients(nasty 27)returned to normal,and 6 patients(18%)who intended to become pregnant became pregnant within 1 year after surgery.CONCLUSION The weight loss effect of LSG is obvious and affirmative,and the endocrine index of obese patients with PCOS is also improved to some extent,although the mechanism is not clear.Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is expected to become a backup choice for patients with polycystic ovaries in the future.

Observation on Therapeutic Effects of Electroacupuncture on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome of Kidney Deficiency and Phlegm Dampness Type and Oxidative Stress Level

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of electroacupuncture on improving polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)of kidney deficiency and phlegm dampness type and serum oxidative stress level.Methods:There were 68 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome were randomly divided into observation group(34 cases)and the control group(34 cases),The observation group was treated by electroacupuncture,while the control group was treated by placebo electroacupuncture.Combined with the evaluation of menstrual cycle,menstrual color,quality,quantity and TCM symptom integral index,the difference of curative effect between the two groups was observed,and the levels of peripheral blood,sex hormones,insulin resistance and oxidative stress were detected before and after treatment for 3 months.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P<0.01);After intervention,serum LH,FSH,E_(2) and LH/FSH in the observation group were significantly different from those before intervention.The D values of serum LH,FSH,LH/FSH and E_(2) before and after intervention were significantly different between the two groups(P<0.01);Comparing the level of androgen,the serum A4 and T in the observation group were significantly different from those before intervention(P<0.01);After intervention,there was a significant difference in serum A4 and T between the two groups(P<0.01),and there was a significant difference in D value between the two groups before and after intervention;There was a difference in insulin resistance in the observation group before and after intervention(P<0.05),and there was a significant difference in D value between the two groups before and after intervention(P<0.01);After the intervention,the serum SOD,MDA,ROS in the observation group were significantly different from those before the intervention;After intervention,the results of serum SOD and ROS in the observation group were significantly different from those in the control group;There was no significant difference in serum MDA results.There were significant differences in SOD,MDA,ROS between the two groups before and after intervention.Conclusion:Electroacupuncture can improve oxidative stress injury,insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in PCOS patients.

CFTR氯通道调控多囊卵巢综合征患者血小板活化及炎症的机制研究

目的:研究CFTR氯通道调控多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血小板活化及炎症的机制。方法:选取2021年4月至2021年10月在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院妇科门诊患者,满足PCOS诊断标准及对照组的纳排标准后,利用PCOS患者血样、体外细胞模型、基因干预CFTR等手段,探讨CFTR调控PCOS血小板活化的机制。结果:与月经规律女性相比,PCOS患者的月经周期,血清LH、PRL、T以及0、1、2h胰岛素和血糖均存在明显差异(P<0.001)。PCOS患者血小板中,CFTR蛋白表达水平降低,且PCOS患者的血小板活化指标P-selectin表达显著高于对照组,且与CFTR表达呈负相关;同时CFTR表达与HOMA-IR、睾酮水平呈负相关。PCOS组血小板的胞内氯浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.001),同时SGK1的磷酸化(Ser422)增加。MEG-01细胞中,相较对照组,过表达CFTR后,SGK1的磷酸化及P2Y12表达降低、胞内氯浓度下降(P<0.05)。MEG-01细胞中,相较于对照组,敲低SGK1后,P2Y12表达降低、血小板炎症指标下降(P<0.05)。结论:PCOS患者的血栓发生风险增加,其可能原因是高雄及胰岛素抵抗导致PCOS患者血小板中CFTR蛋白表达下降,从而导致血小板的[Cl-]i升高,SGK1磷酸化水平升高,引起了血小板炎症因子P2Y12的升高,最终导致血小板活化增加,血栓风险增加。

内质网应激在多囊卵巢综合征中的研究进展

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)是一种常见的妇科内分泌疾病,患者通常伴有月经失调、不孕、多毛、痤疮和肥胖等临床表现,目前确切的发病机制尚不清楚。近年越来越多的证据显示内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress)参与了PCOS的病理过程,有望成为治疗PCOS的新靶点。内质网应激是内质网的稳态失衡,未折叠或错误折叠的蛋白质在内质网中积累的状态。一定程度的内质网应激有助于卵泡的发育成熟,但持续的内质网应激会诱导颗粒细胞凋亡,并且通过影响类固醇激素代谢、糖代谢和脂质代谢等过程导致PCOS患者卵泡发育异常、性激素及胰岛素合成分泌紊乱,从而对女性生育能力造成不利影响。综述内质网应激与PCOS各种致病因素之间的关系,以期为PCOS的病因学研究和治疗提供新思路。

血清网膜素-1和前列腺特异性抗原与多囊卵巢综合征相关性的临床研究

目的探讨血清网膜素-1和前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)与多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)之间的关系,为PCOS的诊疗策略提供新思路。方法选取2021年2—12月在山东第一医科大学第二附属医院生殖医学门诊就诊的PCOS患者40例为PCOS组,选取同期因输卵管因素或男方因素来就诊的月经规律的不孕患者40例作为对照组。检测所有患者的肝功能、肾功能及空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、血脂、生殖内分泌激素、网膜素-1和PSA水平;比较2组间上述各项指标间的差异。结果PCOS组的促黄体生成素、促黄体生成素/促卵泡生成素、睾酮、腰围、腰臀比、甘油三酯、空腹胰岛素、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)和PSA水平均显著高于对照组,网膜素-1水平显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,网膜素-1与睾酮、HOMA-IR、丙氨酸转氨酶呈负相关(r=-0.479,P=0.033;r=-0.450,P=0.046;r=-0.679,P=0.001);PSA与睾酮、空腹胰岛素、HOMA-IR呈正相关(r=0.562,P=0.010;r=0.472,P=0.035;r=0.574,P=0.008),与网膜素-1呈负相关(r=-0.472,P=0.036)。结论血清网膜素-1及PSA均与PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗和高雄激素血症密切相关。

葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽与多囊卵巢综合征相关性的研究进展

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是育龄妇女常见的生殖和内分泌疾病之一,机制未明,但胰岛素抵抗、高雄激素血症、肥胖是其重要的病理生理基础。葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽(GIP)是一种参与调控胰岛素分泌的胃肠激素,与胰岛素抵抗、高雄激素血症、肥胖等PCOS的特征性改变具有相关性,可能通过影响下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴的功能促进PCOS的发生与发展,提示GIP与PCOS相关。就GIP与PCOS相关性的研究现状进行综述。

肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪肝炎发病状况及机制探讨

目的：观察不同程度肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪肝炎（NASH）的发病状况，探讨其可能的发病机制。方法：123例体质指数（BMI）≥23的7～16岁的单纯性肥胖儿童，按BMI不同分为3组：BMI≥30组34例；25≤BMI〈30组57例；23≤BMI〈25组32例。分别检测肝脏（B超），血转氨酶、甘油三酯、胆固醇、血尿酸，以及空腹血糖／空腹血胰岛素（FGIR）比值。对其中24例怀疑合并良性黑棘皮病的患儿行皮肤病理活检，分析NASH与良性黑棘皮病的关系。结果：123例患儿中B超发现肝脂肪病变的有99例（80．49％），诊断为NASH的54例（43．90％）。BMI≥30组脂肪肝炎和良性黑棘皮病的发生率及FGIR〈7者均明显高于其他两组（P〈0．01）。在54例NASH患儿中20例伴良性黑棘皮病（37．04％），其发生高脂血症、胰岛素抵抗的概率及BMI值均明显高于24例不伴脂肪肝的肥胖儿童。经相关分析，ALT和AST与BMI、血胆固醇、血甘油三酯、FGIR有相关性（rs=0．413、0．290、0．379、-0．477，P〈0．01；rs=0．359、0．349、0．348、-0．369，P〈0．01）。结论：BMI≥30是肥胖儿童发生NASH的高危因素。NASH患儿中良性黑棘皮病发生率高，其严重的脂代谢紊乱及胰岛素抵抗可能是参与NASH发病的主要机制。

内脏脂肪素和二甲双胍对多囊卵巢综合征大鼠胰岛素抵抗和生殖内分泌的治疗作用

目的比较内脏脂肪素(visfatin)和二甲双胍对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)大鼠胰岛素抵抗及生殖内分泌紊乱的治疗作用,为visfatin进一步应用于PCOS治疗的临床研究提供理论依据。方法 40只SD大鼠随机平均分为A、B、C、D组4组,A、B、C三组采用DHEA造模法建模,通过连续阴道液涂片及血清学检测判断建模成功与否,A、B组为实验组,C组为PCOS建模对照组,D组为空白对照组。建模成功后,A组大鼠予visfatin 10μg/只单次给药,B组大鼠予二甲双胍14 mg/100 g体质量连续灌胃15 d。干预前后采血测定T、LH、FSH、FINS及OGTT各时段血糖,并计算HOMA-IR指数及LH/FSH比值,最后剖取卵巢行病理切片。结果(1)干预前后对比,A、B组大鼠血FINS、FPG、T、HOMA-IR及OGTT各时段血糖均显著降低(P<0.05);(2)干预后,A组和B组中分别有8只(80%)及7只(77.8%)大鼠恢复规律的发情周期,均可见正常卵泡的发育;(3)visfatin与二甲双胍在改善PCOS大鼠胰岛素抵抗及高雄激素血症方面的疗效相同。结论 visfatin和二甲双胍均能改善PCOS大鼠的胰岛素抵抗及高雄激素血症,并能促进其规律动情周期的建立及正常卵泡的发育,且两者疗效相同。

肥胖伴黑棘皮病儿童代谢综合征的高危因素

目的探讨肥胖伴黑棘皮病儿童代谢综合征（MS）的高危因素。方法2006年11月-2007年9月在本院儿科就诊25例肥胖伴黑棘皮病儿童（病例组）。男15例,女10例;年龄8.4-16.0岁,平均10.6岁;体质量（72.11±17.66）kg;身高（155±14）cm。32例身高别体质量正常的健康儿童为健康对照组。男18例,女14例;年龄7.6-15.8岁,平均9.8岁。比较二组儿童体质量指数（BMI）、胆固醇（CHO）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、血压、空腹和葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）2h血糖、胰岛素和稳态模型评估法胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）的差异,并对所有儿童进行肝脏超声波检查。采用SPSS12.0软件进行统计学分析。结果病例组儿童BMI、TG、LDL-C、收缩压和舒张压均显著高于健康对照组（Pa〈0.01）;空腹和OGTT 2h血糖、OGTT 2h胰岛素和HOMA-IR均显著高于健康对照组（Pa〈0.01）;BMI与收缩压、舒张压、CHO、TG、LDL-C、空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）以及HOMA-IR均无相关性（Pa〉0.05）。病例组患儿中超声诊断脂肪肝发生率为84%,健康对照组儿童肝脏B超检查均未见异常。结论肥胖伴黑棘皮病儿童BMI增加、胰岛素抵抗、血脂紊乱和血压增高是MS的危险因素,密切随访监测此类患儿有助于早期发现MS。积极治疗肥胖症,阻断儿童血糖、血脂代谢紊乱的发生,有助于减少儿童2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的危险性。

PCOS患者AMH水平与内分泌代谢异常间关系的研究

目的分析多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者抗苗勒管激素(AMH)水平与内分泌代谢异常之间的关系,比较高雄激素和非高雄激素型患者AMH及其它指标的差异。方法 210例PCOS患者,据AMH水平分为高AMH组(AMH≥10ng/ml,86例)和低AMH组(AMH<10ng/ml,124例);根据高雄激素临床表现或高雄激素血症分为高雄组(58例)和非高雄组(152例)。测定血清AMH、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇、睾酮(T)、空腹血糖和空腹胰岛素、总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白,计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),比较各组AMH及内分泌代谢指标差异,分析AMH水平的影响因素。结果 (1)低AMH组与高AMH组比较,BMI(24.73±5.02kg/m2 vs.23.08±4.34kg/m2)、空腹胰岛素(93.26±57.64pmol/L vs.73.81±42.62pmol/L)、HOMA-IR(3.23±2.20vs.2.51±1.64)均显著增高(P<0.05);(2)高雄组与非高雄组比较,AMH水平(11.71±5.86ng/ml vs.9.64±4.91ng/ml)、LH/FSH比值(1.94±0.93vs.1.54±0.80)、总胆固醇水平(4.94±1.38 mmol/L vs.4.36±0.83 mmol/L)、低密度脂蛋白水平(3.06±1.22 mmol/L vs.2.63±0.68mmol/L)均显著增高(P<0.05);(3)多元线性回归分析显示AMH水平与睾酮水平正相关(β=0.281,P<0.05),与BMI负相关(β=-0.264,P<0.05)。结论 PCOS患者BMI、空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR升高导致AMH水平降低,而高雄激素型患者AMH水平和LH/FSH显著升高,并增加脂质代谢异常的风险。

青春期多囊卵巢综合征患者临床特征分析

目的探讨青春期多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者的临床特征。方法回顾性分析2003年1月～2006年5月我院收治的青春期PCOS患者58例的临床资料。结果青春期PCOS患者中,超重者占39.7%,肥胖者占31.0%,月经异常、痤疮、多毛和黑棘皮症发生率分别为87.9%、65.5%、56.9%和6.9%,痤疮和多毛评分明显增高(分别为1.60±1.36和2.16±1.98),胰岛素抵抗发生率为12.7%。青春中期组与晚期组各项指标比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论肥胖、高雄激素血症和胰岛素抵抗是青春期PCOS患者的主要临床特征,应作为青春期PCOS的高危因素在临床上引起重视。

体重超重对多囊卵巢综合征患者内分泌改变的影响

目的:探讨体重超重对多囊卵巢综合征患者的内分泌改变的影响。方法:检测31例体重超重和102例非超重多囊卵巢综合征患者的内分泌激素和胰岛素敏感性。结果:超重组的雄激素和空腹胰岛素水平显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),GIR显著下降(P<0.01),HOMAIR明显升高(P<0.01),超重组胰岛素抵抗的发生率明显高于非超重组,BMI与胰岛素敏感性呈负相关。结论:体重超重的PCOS患者高雄激素血症和胰岛素抵抗都更为严重,对超重PCOS患者的治疗应注重于纠正高雄激素血症和胰岛素抵抗状态。

育龄期伴高雄激素多囊卵巢综合征临床特征及代谢异常相关因素分析

目的总结育龄期伴高雄激素多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的临床特征,探讨其代谢异常的影响因素。方法采用横断面研究方法,收集我院门诊诊断为PCOS的育龄期患者342例(所有患者均稀发排卵或无排卵),年龄19~34岁,纳入一般临床资料、检测性激素、血脂、血糖、胰岛素释放等代谢指标,根据是否有高雄激素血症和(或)体征分为高雄激素组和非高雄激素组,采用t检验或χ2检验,比较2组一般资料及代谢指标的差异。以年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围等为自变量,采用Logistic回归分析代谢异常的影响因素。结果 342例PCOS患者高雄激素血症/体征检出率分别为46.8%(160/342)、26.3%(90/342),高雄激素组与非高雄激素组胰岛素抵抗检出率分别为97.6%、99.2%,2组腰围、黄体生成素/卵泡刺激素(LH/FSH)比值、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)、FSH比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关因素分提示腰围是血脂异常的危险因素,OR值为2.968;体质量指数、腰围是胰岛素抵抗的危险因素,OR值分别为29.424,0.068。结论 PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗检出率几乎100%,伴高雄激素PCOS患者腹型肥胖风险增加,排卵障碍风险增加可能与LH/FSH比值增加有关,而代谢异常与雄激素水平关系不密切。伴高雄激素PCOS胰岛素抵抗与腹型肥胖、肥胖有关。

多囊卵巢综合征对妊娠结局的影响研究进展

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)是育龄期女性最常见的内分泌及代谢紊乱性疾病之一。大多数研究认为,胰岛素抵抗、高雄激素血症和肥胖在PCOS发病过程中起重要作用。临床上观察到PCOS患者常出现妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠高血压疾病等妊娠期合并症。为此,本文对PCOS不良妊娠结局相关因素如PCOS患者卵泡和胚胎发育、子宫内膜容受性的改变以及PCOS与妊娠期合并症的关系做一综述,探讨PCOS患者孕前抗雄激素治疗对其妊娠结局的影响。