Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polymers and Its Effect on Water Vapor Permeability of Microfiber Synthetic Leather

A series of hyperbranched poly(amine-ester)polyols were synthesized by the polycondensation of N,N-diethylol-3-amine-methylpropionate(prepared by Michael addition reaction of methyl acrylate with diethanolamine)as an AB2-type monomer with trimethylol propane as the core moiety,proceeding in one-step procedure in the melt with p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst.The obtained monomer and polymers were characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy.The solubility and surface activity in aqueous solution of the polymers were also examined.The gas permeability,water vapor permeability,and moisture absorption of microfiber synthetic leather treated by hyperbranched polymer were studied.The optimum conditions were that the dosage of dye and hyperbranched polymer was 5% and 10%,respectively.The water vapor permeability and moisture absorption of microfiber synthetic leather reached to 0.525 4 mg/(10 cm2·24 h)and 0.046 7 mg/(10 cm2·24 h).Compared with blank samples,they increased by 15% and 35%,respectively.However,the dosage of hyperbranched polymer has little influence on gas permeability of microfiber synthetic leather.SEM results show that the fiber of microfiber synthetic leather treated by hyperbranched polymer is incompact.

A thriving decade: rational design, green synthesis, and cutting-edge applications of isoindigo-based conjugated polymers in organic field-effect transistors

Recent advances in organic electronics of novel materials and optoelectronic devices spark great interest in the design and synthesis of high-performance polymer semiconductors. During the last decade, isoindigo(ⅡD) and its derivatives have sprung up as common electron-deficient building blocks and obtained extensive applications in organic field-effect transistors(OFETs).In this review, we first present the current status, basic principles, and general material design strategies for OFETs. Then,multiple ⅡD-type acceptors, mature synthetic routes to monomers, and typical ⅡDs-based conjugated polymers are summarized.We also introduce side-chain engineering and cutting-edge applications, like stretchable transistors, sensing, active-matrix driving, etc., of the classic copolymer poly(isoindigo-co-bithiophene). Green polymerization approaches towards conjugated polymers incorporating ⅡDs are subsequently discussed for efficient polymerization. Finally, we conclude this review and propose in-depth prospects with respect to material synthesis and device applications. Undoubtedly, ⅡDs-based conjugated polymers would occupy a significant position in the future of organic electronics, due to diverse building blocks, mature synthetic pathways, tunable side chains, and unique optoelectronic properties.

Triazatruxene-containing hyperbranched polymers:Microwave-assisted synthesis and optoelectronic properties

Hyperbranched polymer structures represent a class of high-functionality building blocks with excellent three-dimensional topology for the construction of highly substituted conjugated polymers.In this contribution,an efficient microwave synthesis protocol toward the synthesis of conjugated hyperbranched polymers is presented.A novel series of soluble hyperbranched polyfluorenes (PTF1-PTF3) incorporating triazatruxene moiety as the branch units with various branching degrees have thus been successfully constructed with good yields and high molecular weight via a facile "A2+B2+C3" approach.The structures of the hyperbranched polymers were confirmed by NMR and GPC.Their thermal,optical,and electrochemical properties of the hyperbranched polymers were also investigated.The results showed that introduction of triazatruxene units into the hyperbranched structure endowed the polymer with good thermal stability and highly amorphous properties.Photophysical investigation of PTFx revealed strong blue emission in both solution and solid states.Hyperbranched polymers with higher degree of branching and proper content of linear fluorene units exhibited better photophysical properties in terms of narrow emission spectra and relatively high quantum efficiency as well as improved thermal spectral stability.The triazatruxene branching unit also played a role in raising the HOMO energy levels relative to those of polyfluorenes that would help to improve the charge injection and transport properties.The incorporation of triazatruxene unit into hyperbranched polymers has thus explored an effective avenue for constructing optoelectronic polymers with improved functional characteristics.

Design, synthesis and nonlinear optical properties of “dendronized hyperbranched polymers”

A new type of dendritic polymer, named dendronized hyperbranched polymer (DHP), was prepared successfully by the macro-monomer approach. Thanks to the perfect 3D isolation effects, DHPG1 exhibited good NLO property with d 33 value of 133 pm/V, higher than its analogues of dendronized polymer and dendrimer, and its stability of NLO effect was also enhanced.

Synthesis, properties, and applications of graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide and their nanocomposites

Thanks to their remarkable mechanical, electrical, thermal, and barrier properties, graphene-based nanocomposites have been a hot area of research in the past decade. Because of their simple top-down synthesis, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have opened new possibilities for gas barrier, membrane separation, and stimuli-response characteristics in nanocomposites. Herein, we review the synthesis techniques most commonly used to produce these graphene derivatives, discuss how synthesis affects their key material properties, and highlight some examples of nanocomposites with unique and impressive properties. We specifically highlight their performances in separation applications, stimuli-responsive materials, anti-corrosion coatings, and energy storage. Finally, we discuss the outlook and remaining challenges in the field of practical industrial-scale production and use of graphene-derivative-based polymer nanocomposites.

Amphiphilic hyperbranched polymers:synthesis,characterization and selfassembly performance

A series of amphiphilic hyperbranched polymers(AHP-s,the“s”refers to the algebra of AHP)were synthesized by the reaction between hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polymers(HBP-s,the“s”refers to the algebra of HBP)and palmitoyl chloride.FTIR,NMR and GPC were used to determine the structure of AHP-s,the results showed that AHP-s exhibits core-shell structure.The thermal properties of polymers were investigated by DSC and TGA.It was found that AHP-2,AHP-3 and AHP-4 display higher thermal stability than AHP-1(AHP-1,AHP-2,AHP-3 and AHP-4 represent the first,second,third and fourth generation AHP,respectively).Furthermore,the self-assembly performance of AHP-s in THF solvent was investigated by TEM and SEM.Finally,the encapsulation capacity of the AHP-s for methyl orange(MO)was explored at different concentrations of AHP-s and pH conditions.It was found that AHP-s is capable of accommodating hydrophilic guest MO.Moreover,the higher generation of AHP-s,the stronger encapsulation capacity obtained.And the encapsulation capacity closely associated with the pH of encapsulation system.

Synthesis and Properties of Photo-functional Hyperbranched Polymers

1 Results UV curing systems have been widely used in various industries such as coatings,printing inks,and photo-resists,because of their low volatile organic compound (VOC),excellent physical properties,and energy saving.Recently,these systems have also been applied to electronics and information technology fields such as display,CD,DVD,optical-fiber,and optical-device. In these curing systems,(meth)acrylate oligomers are mainly used due to their high photochemical reactivity. Recently,dendritic polyme...

Controllable Synthesis of Externally Functional Dendronized Polymers

Through a controllable“reactivate””graft”synthetic route,two asymmetrical“Janus”dendronized polymers(DPs)were successfully synthesized.Dendrons were grafted to a linear polymer motherboard by a story-by-story constructionmethod.Due to the heterogenetic“Janus”structure,with orderly arranged chromophore moieties,the polymers demonstrated extremely large second-order nonlinear optical(NLO)coefficients and excellent NLO thermal stability.DP-4l and DP-6l had high d33 values of 232 and 227 pm/V,respectively,which reached the highest value reported so far for linear-based polymers containing simple azo-chromophore moieties.The controllable synthesis sheds light on the structure–property relationships of NLO polymers and other dendronized-structure functional polymers.

A second-order nonlinear optical dendronized hyperbranched polymer containing isolation chromophores： achieving good optical nonlinearity and stability simultaneously

Large nonlinear optical(NLO) coefficient and good stability, two essential factors to evaluate second-order NLO materials, are difficult to be achieved in one molecule simultaneously. Herein, by utilizing the concept of "isolation chromophore", "isolation group" and dendritic structure, a dendritic molecule D-NS and a dendronized hyperbranched polymer DHP-NS are prepared to investigate their structure-property relationship. For the small dendritic molecule D-NS, it exhibits a high d33 value of 140 pm/V.But this value can be easily dropped when the temperature is higher than 50 °C, which extremely limits its real application. After introducing D-NS into a dendronized hyperbranched polymer chains, the obtained DHP-NS also shows a high d33 value of101 pm/V, but much better stability than D-NS. Even when its thin film was heated to 120 °C, no obvious decay can be observed in the d33 value of DHP-NS. This work demonstrates an effective strategy to realize both large NLO effect and good stability simultaneously.

聚合物荧光材料的合成与应用

聚合物荧光材料克服了小分子荧光分子的缺点,在实际应用过程具有明显的特性,应用越来越广泛系统总结水溶性、非水溶性和两亲性三大类荧光聚合物材料的合成方法,归纳了荧光聚合物材料在光电器件、防伪材料、检测材料和生物医药材料领域的应用,最后对未来发展趋势进行了预测。

高吸水性树脂的合成与应用探讨

美国和日本于七十年代中期最早开发出高吸水性树脂,高吸水性树脂(SAP)的特殊结构,赋予了其较强的保水能力和吸水能力,高吸水性树脂除了应用于农林、园艺方面,还在建筑和生理卫生用品等方面有诸多用途。本文主要介绍了高吸水性树脂的种类、合成方法以及应用领域,并对高吸水性树脂的发展方向进行了展望。

Bio-renewable polymers based on lignin-derived phenol monomers:Synthesis,applications,and perspectives

In recent decades,the continuous depletion of fossil fuels and the increasingly serious environmental issue have aroused wide attention on the development of biopolymers based on renewable biomass.Lignin is the second most abundant organic bio-based macromolecule second to cellulose,and it can be widely found in plants.Furthermore,various phenol derivatives can be obtained by their depolymerization processes.The development of bio-renewable polymeric materials originating from lignin-derivative phenol monomers,such as vanillin,syringaldehyde,eugenol,vanillyl alcohol,vanillic acid,and ferulic acid,will not only valorize the bio-sourced materials but also effectively reduce petroleum resource consumption and mitigate the environmental pollution.Therefore,an updated overview of the synthesis processes of these bio-based polymers developed in the past decade,which includes both thermosets and thermoplastics such as epoxy,phenolic,polyimine,polybenzoxazine,polyurethane,and polyesters,are elucidated.In addition,the applications of these bio-based polymers and their composites in flame-retarded materials,degradable and reprocessable materials,dielectric materials,optoelectronic materials,as well as smart responsive materials are also intensively discussed.In line with the gradual development of synthesis technologies,we believe that derivatives of lignin will turn into one of the most promising materials to be considered for the preparation of high-performance and functional bio-based polymer materials.

超支化聚合物的合成及其应用于油田阻垢的研究进展

超支化聚合物(HBPs)是一类高度支化的三维大分子,属于树枝状聚合物领域的一个重要亚类,由于其独特的分子结构、非对称的随机分支和端接官能团多,使其成为现阶段油田阻垢方面的研究热点。综述了超支化聚合物的3种经典合成方法:AB_(X)(X≥2)型单体缩聚反应、自缩合乙烯基聚合反应和开环聚合反应。总结了近年来用于阻钙镁垢、硅酸盐垢的超支化聚羧酸类、超支化聚酰胺-胺类、超支化聚酯类以及其他超支化聚合物类型的阻垢剂的研究进展,并分析了各种类型超支化聚合物的阻垢机理。对超支化聚合物在油田阻垢方面的应用和发展前景提出展望。

超支化柠檬酸聚酯合成及其应用进展

本文综述了超支化柠檬酸聚酯的合成方法,介绍了超支化柠檬酸聚酯在阻垢剂、重金属污水处理、药物载体以及薄膜传感器合成中的应用,并同时对超支化柠檬酸聚酯的应用前景进行了分析和展望。

New Polymer Syntheses Part 60: A Facile Synthetic Route to Polyamides Based on Thieno[2,3-b]thiophene and Their Corrosion Inhibition Behavior

Polyamides containing thieno[2,3-b]thiophene moiety were prepared via a simple polycondensation reaction of the diaminothieno[2,3-b]thiophene monomer la with different kinds of diacid chlorides （including oxalyl, adipoyl, sebacoyl, isophthaloyl, terephthaloyl, 4,4＇-azodibenzoyl, 3,3＇-azodibenzoyl, p-phenylene diacryloyl） in the presence of LiC1 and NMP as a solvent through lowtemperature solution polycondensation. The chemical structures of model compound and synthesized polyamides were confirmed by FTIR, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （including 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR） and elemental analysis. In addition, the thermal stability, crystallinity structure and surface morphology of synthesized polyamides were characterized via thermogravametric analysis （TGA）, wide-angle X-ray diffraction analysis （WAXD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Also, the corrosion inhibition behavior of selected examples ofpolyamides was investigated; the inhibitive effect of the investigated polymers for carbon steel in 1.0 mol＇L-1 HCI was studied using potentiodynamic polarization （PDP） and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） methods. PDP results displayed that the polyamides containing thieno[2,3-b]thiophene moiety can be as mixed-type inhibitors. The inhibition efficiency （P, %） was found to be in the range from 67.13% to 96.01%. There is an increase in P by the synthesized polymers in comparison to the starting monomer. The adsorption of these polymers was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

特种表面活性剂和功能性表面活性剂(ⅩⅦ)——氟硅表面活性剂的合成及应用

综述了氟硅表面活性剂的主要合成方法,如硅氢加成法、自由基聚合法及缩聚法;介绍了氟硅表面活性剂在橡胶、涂料、润滑剂及其他精细化学品等方面的应用及性能,最后对氟硅表面活性剂的发展进行了展望。

超支化聚合物研究进展

超支化聚合物由于具有高度文化三维球状结构以及众多的端基，因此显示出与相应线型分子截然不同的性质，如低粘度、无链缠结和良好的溶解性．本文讨论了超支化聚合物的特性与表征，对合成超支化聚合物所用单体以及产物作了详细介绍，旨在引起对该领域的兴趣．

超支化聚合物合成方法与应用研究进展

介绍了超支化聚合物的合成方法:缩聚法、活性聚合法、离子聚合法、开环聚合、可逆加成链转移聚合法和自缩合基团转移聚合等新型合成方法;阐述了目前超支化聚合物在涂料、共混改性、聚合物膜、药物、纳米复合材料、聚电解质、超支化液晶等方面的应用进展;展望了该类聚合物今后的研究发展方向。

高支化聚合物的研究进展及应用前景

综述了近几年国内外高支化聚合物的研究进展及其应用前景。