The Distribution Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Patients with Hyperlipidemia

Objective: Hyperlipidemia is a representative nutritional metabolic disease in clinic, which is easy to induce atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with complex classification. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome aims to reflect the characteristics of diseases and is the basic principle of TCM treatment of diseases. This study aimed to summarize the distribution pattern of TCM syndromes in patients with hyperlipidemia. Methods: The frequency, characteristics and distribution of all TCM syndromes of 1012 patients with hyperlipidemia were analyzed. Results: The main disease types determined by frequency of 1012 patients included hypertriglyceridemia combined with hypo high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (19.76%), hypo high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (18.58%), hypercholesterolemia (16.50%), mixed hyperlipidemia (16.40%), and hypertriglyceridemia (15.12%). The distribution of TCM syndromes, in order of frequency, was as follows: Qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (23.52%), liver depression and spleen deficiency (9.88%), syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis (9.29%), phlegm stasis syndrome (7.41%), and syndrome of yang deficiency of spleen and kidney (6.92%). Conclusion: Qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and liver depression and spleen deficiency are the most common TCM syndromes in patients with hyperlipidemia.

Etitiological Relationship between Hyperlipidemia and Acute Pancreatitis

Hyperlipidemia is a kind of pancreatitis caused by high triglyceride levels in the blood. The morbidity and mortality of this disease continue to increase worldwide, and it has become one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases in developed countries worldwide. Although many studies have been conducted, the pathogenesis still cannot be defined. Many studies have shown that this may be related to the triglyceride decomposition products free fatty acids are the main toxic substances, which can directly damage pancreatic acinar cells and vascular endothelial cells, causing tissue ischemia and acidic environment. Therefore, this paper focuses on the correlation of triglycerides and their decomposition products in plasma and provides evidence on the pathogenesis of AP and the disease progression of AP. Finally, the future potential to prevent and treat acute pancreatitis by some new drugs to reduce plasma triglycerides is summarized.

Optimization of extraction process for total flavonoids of Sophorae Flos for the treatment of hyperlipidemia based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of Sophora Flos(SF)in the treatment of hyperlipidemia(HLP)using network pharmacology and molecular docking methods,and to optimize the extraction process of the predicted active components.The STRING database was used for protein interaction analysis and PPI network construction via Cytoscape 3.9.1.Pymol was employed for docking and visualization.An extensive review of SF identifi ed 6 active ingredients,297 related objectives,84 disease objectives,and 57 total objectives.After protein interaction and topology analysis,18 core targets were identified.These included 146 gene function entries(P<0.05).Active compounds,mainly flavonoids,can modulate the expression of various proteins such as TNF,IL-6,IL-1β,PPARG,and TGFB1 to achieve therapeutic effects on HLP.The network pharmacology and molecular docking results suggested that the active fl avonoids component in SF may be related to the treatment of hyperlipidemia.Therefore,the orthogonal experiment method was used to optimize the extraction process of total fl avonoid from SF using ethanol refl ux extraction,based on a single factor experiment.The effects of refl ux time,solid-liquid ratio,ethanol concentration,and other factors on the extraction of total fl avonoid from SF were investigated.The optimum process conditions were refl ux time of 1.25 h,solid-liquid ratio of 1:15 g/mL and ethanol concentration of 60%.Using these conditions,the purity of total fl avonoid extracted from SF was 70.33±0.22%.

Mechanism of Rosae Rugosae Flos flavonoids in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and optimization of extraction process based on network pharmacology

This study aims to identify a natural plant chemical with hypolipidemic effects that can be used to treat high cholesterol without adverse reactions.Through network pharmacology screening,it was found that Rosae Rugosae Flos(RF)flavonoids had potential therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia and its mechanism of action was discussed.TCMSP and GeneCards databases were used to obtain active ingredients and disease targets.Venn diagrams were drawn to illustrate the findings.The interaction network diagram was created using Cytoscape 3.8.0 software.The PPI protein network was constructed using String.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was performed using Metascape.The results revealed 2 active flavonoid ingredients and 60 potential targets in RF.The key targets,including CCL2,PPARG,and PPARA,were found to play a role in multiple pathways such as the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,lipid and atherosclerosis,and cancer pathway in diabetic complications.The solvent extraction method was optimized for efficient flavonoid extraction based on network pharmacology prediction results.This was achieved through a single factor and orthogonal test,resulting in an optimum process with a reflux time of 1.5 h,a solid-liquid ratio of 1:13 g/mL,and an ethanol concentration of 50%.

Evaluation of chitosaneanionic polymers based tablets for extended-release of highly watersoluble drugs

The objective of this study is to develop chitosaneanionic polymers based extendedrelease tablets and test the feasibility of using this system for the sustained release of highly water-soluble drugs with high drug loading.Here,the combination of sodium valproate(VPS)and valproic acid(VPA)were chosen as the model drugs.Anionic polymers studied include xanthan gum(XG),carrageenan(CG),sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC-Na)and sodium alginate(SA).The tablets were prepared by wet granulation method.In vitro drug release was carried out under simulated gastrointestinal condition.Drug release mechanism was studied.Compared with single polymers,chitosaneanionic polymers based system caused a further slowdown of drug release rate.Among them,CS exanthan gum matrix system exhibited the best extended-release behavior and could extend drug release for up to 24 h.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)studies demonstrated that polyelectrolyte complexes(PECs)were formed on the tablet surface,which played an important role on retarding erosion and swelling of the matrix in the later stage.In conclusion,this study demonstrated that it is possible to develop highly water-soluble drugs loaded extendedrelease tablets using chitosaneanionic polymers based system.

Design and evaluation of an extended-release matrix tablet formulation; the combination of hypromellose acetate succinate and hydroxypropylcellulose

The purpose of this study was to develop an extended-release(ER) matrix tablet that shows robust dissolution properties able to account for the variability of pH and mechanical stress in the GI tract using a combination of enteric polymer and hydrophilic polymer. Hypromellose acetate succinate(HPMCAS) and hydroxypropylcellulose(HPC) were selected as ER polymers for the ER matrix tablet(HPMCAS/HPC ER matrix tablet). Oxycodone hydrochloride was employed as a model drug. Dissolution properties of the HPMCAS/HPC ER matrix tablets were evaluated and were not affected by the pH of the test medium or paddle rotating speed.In a USP apparatus 3(bio-relevant dissolution method), dissolution profiles of the HPMCAS/HPC ER matrix tablets containing oxycodone hydrochloride were similar to that of the reference product(OxyC ontin). Moreover, in vivo performance after oral administration of the HPMCAS/HPC ER matrix tablets to humans was simulated by GastroP lus based on dissolution profiles from the USP apparatus 3. The plasma concentration-time profile simulated was similar to that of the reference product. These results suggest that the combination of HPMCAS and HPC shows a robust dissolution profile against pH and paddle rotating speed and indicates the appropriate extended-release profile in humans.

Evaluation Procedure for Quality Consistency of Generic Nifedipine Extended-Release Tablets Based on the Impurity Profile

A procedure to evaluate the quality consistency of generic drugs based on the impurity profile and the similarity analysis methods was presented in this paper. Nifedipine extended-release tablets from six generic factories of China were used to evaluate the uniformity with the original drug in the study. The procedure includes: choice of chromatographic methods, data collection and conformity test, evaluation of intra-batch similarity of drugs, evaluation of generic drugs with the original drug and weighted similarity evaluation of generic drugs. The data were collected via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and then calculated by correlation coefficient, cosine, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). It is more suitable to use peak areas as the vector when calculating the similarity of impurity profile. After weighting the peak areas of the unspecified impurities in further evaluation of the generic quality, the generic level of different factories was differentiated and the best generic factory was picked out.

Germinated brown rice relieves hyperlipidemia by alleviating gut microbiota dysbiosis

Hyperlipidemia is a frequent metabolic disorder that is closely associated with diet. It is believed that brown rice, containing the outer bran layer and germ, is beneficial for the remission of hyperlipidemia. This study established a rat model of hyperlipidemia by feeding a high-fat diet. The hypolipidemic potential of germinated brown rice(Gbrown) and germinated black rice(a germinated black-pigmented brown rice, Gblack) were explored in the model rats, mainly in the aspects of blood lipids, lipases, apolipoproteins, and inflammation. The gut microbiota in hyperlipidemic rats receiving diverse dietary interventions was determined by 16S rDNA sequencing. The results showed that the intervention of Gbrown/Gblack alleviated the hyperlipidemia in rats, evidenced by decreased TC, TG, LDL-C, and apolipoprotein B, and increased HDL-C, HL, LPL, LCAT, and apolipoprotein A1. Gbrown/Gblack also weakened the inflammation in hyperlipidemia rats, evidenced by decreased TNF-α, IL-6, and ET-1. In addition, 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that the diet of Gbrown/Gblack elevated the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota in hyperlipidemia rats. At the phylum level, Gbrown/Gblack decreased Firmicutes, increased Bacteroidetes, and decreased the F/B ratio in hyperlipidemia rats. At the genus level, Gbrown/Gblack decreased Streptococcus and increased Ruminococcus and Allobaculum in hyperlipidemia rats. Some differential microbial genera relating to lipid metabolism were also determined, such as the Lachnospira and Ruminococcus in the Gblack group, and the Phascolarctobacterium, Dorea, Turicibacter, and Escherichia-Shigella in the Gbrown group. Notably, the beneficial effect of Gblack was stronger than Gbrown. To sum up, the dietary interventions of Gbrown/Gblack contributed to the remission of hyperlipidemia by alleviating the dysbiosis of gut microbiota.

Design and evaluation of nicorandil extended-release tablet

The aim of this study was to design and evaluate extended-release formulations of a model drug,nicorandil,in order to achieve the desired steady-state plasma concentration of drug in vivo.Simulation was employed to estimate optimum dissolution and absorption rate of nicorandil.The dissolution test was employed using pH 1.2,4.0,6.8 buffer solution,or water,to measure the in vitro release behaviors of nicorandil formulations.A single dose(15 mg)of each formulation was orally administered to four beagle dogs under fasted conditions,and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.The in vitro/in vivo relationship of the extended-release formulation was confirmed using in vitro dissolution profiles and plasma concentrations of drug in beagle dogs.Nicorandil was released completely within 30 min from the immediate-release tablets and released for 24 h from the extended-release tablets.The nicorandil plasma concentration could be modified by adjusting the drug release rate from the extended-release formulation.The release rate of nicorandil was the rate-limiting step in the overall absorption of drug from the extendedrelease formulations.These results highlight the potential of a nicorandil extended-release formulation in the treatment of angina pectoris.

Biochanin-A attenuates high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in rats by improving antioxidant status and lipid metabolic markers

Objective:To determine how biochanin-A(BCA)affects high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced pathological changes in lipid metabolism and antioxidant status in diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetic rats were orally administered BCA(10 mg/kg body weight)for 30 days to investigate its effects on lipid profiles and oxidative stress markers in the liver and kidney.In addition,the mRNA expression of antioxidant and lipid metabolism enzymes in the liver was examined.Results:BCA attenuated hyperlipidemia by regulating mRNA expressions of HMG-CoA reductase,fatty acid synthase,carnitine palmitoyl transferase,and acetyl-CoA carboxylase.Additionally,BCA reduced high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress by suppressing lipid peroxidation,improving superoxide dismutase,catalase,and glutathione peroxidase levels,and upregulating mRNA expressions of these enzymes.Conclusions:BCA may be a promising nutraceutical for the treatment of dyslipidemia and oxidative stress associated with diabetes.

Self-Reported Adherence after Overnight Switching from Immediate- to Extended-Release Pramipexole in Parkinson’s Disease

Background: Drug adherence decreased in patients with Parkinson’ s disease (PD) because of taking many different types of drugs. We evaluated drug adherence after switching from immediate-release (IR) to once-daily extended-release (ER) pramipexole (PPX) in PD. Methods: This study included 35 PD patients (20 men, 15 women);10 were taking oral PPX alone, and 25 were also using another anti-PD drug. PPX-IR was switched overnight to PPX-ER without gradual tapering. One month after switching, improvement in timing adherence and reduction in medication burden were evaluated by a questionnaire using a visual analog scale (VAS) (0: No change;10: Better). Motor function was assessed using part III of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Results: The VAS score for improvement in timing adherence was 8.1 ± 0.5 (mean ± standard error), and that for reduction in medication burden was 7.3 ± 0.6. There was a significant negative correlation (ρ = -0.43, p = 0.01) between the VAS score and number of types of medications. The UPDRS part III score improved significantly after switching

Bifidobacterium longum CCFM1077 Attenuates Hyperlipidemia by Modulating the Gut Microbiota Composition and Fecal Metabolites:A Randomized,Double-Blind,Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

An increasing number of studies have indicated that gut microbiota and its metabolites are crucial in the development of hyperlipidemia.Bifidobacterium longum(B.longum)CCFM1077 has been shown to have lipid-lowering effects in animals.This study aimed to evaluate the potential of B.longum CCFM1077 in lowering the lipid levels in patients with hyperlipidemia and investigate the effect of this bacterium on serum lipid abnormalities,gut microbiota,and fecal metabolites in these patients.This study was a six-week,randomized,double-blind,and placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial.Subjects with hyperlipidemia(N=62)were randomly assigned to receive placebo(N=31)or B.longum CCFM1077(1×1010colony-forming units(CFUs)per day;N=31).Serum lipid levels including total cholesterol(TC),lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),total triglyceride(TG),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were examined at the baseline and interventio nal endpoints.Changes in the gut microbiota composition and diversity were measured based on 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)sequencing of the V3-V4region at the end of the intervention period.Non-targeted metabolomics of the feces was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/mass spectrometer.Oral administration of B.longum CCFM1077 for six weeks significantly decreased the serum levels of TC(p<0.01)and LDL-C(p<0.01)in patients with hyperlipidemia.B.longum CCFM1077 treatment markedly increased gut microbiota diversity and the relative abundance of anti-obesity-related genera,including Lactobacillus,Butyricicoccus,Bifidobacterium,and Blautia,whereas it decreased the relative abundance of obesity-related genera,including Alistipes,Megamonas,and Catenibacterium.Additionally,some key metabolites(bile acids(BAs),biotin,and caffeine)and their corresponding metabolic pathways(primary BA biosynthesis,and taurine and hypotaurine,biotin,purine,and caffeine metabolisms)were enriched by B.longum CCFM1077,and thus it may lower lipid levels.B.longum CCFM1077 is a probiotic strain with the potential to lower serum TC and LDL-C levels patients with hyperlipidemia.The underlying mechanism may be related to the increased abundance of anti-obesity-related genera and fecal metabolites.These findings provide a foundation for future clinical applications of lipid-lowering probiotics in managing individuals with hyperlipidemia.

Efficacy evaluation of Shenlan oral liquid in the treatment of experimental thrombosis and hyperlipidemia

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of Shenlan oral liquid on thrombosis rats and hyperlipidemia mice.Methods:Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups randomly:the control group,the Shenlan oral liquid groups(high dosage and low dosage),and the positive control group.Rats in the control group were treated with dd water intragastriclly;in the positive control group,rats were treated intragastric with aspirin.Rats were treated with different drugs intragastric for continuous 22 d.In the hyperlipidemia experiment,mice were fed with high-fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia model mice,then randomly divided into five groups;the control group,the model group,the atorvastatin calcium positive control group,and the Shenlan oral liquid groups(high dosage and low dosage).The serum lipid and body weight changes of mice were observed after 6 weeks.Animals in Shenlan oral liquid high and low dosage were treated intragastric with six times and double the clinical dose.Results:After treatment,the mix blocking rate and average blocking rate of the vascular after electrical stimulation were obviously reduced in aspirin group,and Shenlan oral liquid high and low dose groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The maximum aggregation rate was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the normal coagulation function was not affected.In the treatment of hyperlipidemia,the effects of Shenlan oral liquid were measured on the total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(total triglyceride,TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein(HDL-C)with the hyperlipidemia mice.After 2 weeks administration,the serum TG level of Shenlan oral liquid high-dose group decreased compared with the model group.The TG level of serum in Shenlan oral liquid high-dose group significantly decreased compared with the model group from the fourth week(P<0.05).After 6 weeks administration,Shenlan oral liquid high-dose and low-dose group and positive drugs reached to the same therapeutic effect.Compared with model group,serum TG level was significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:Shenlan oral liquid can decrease the thrombosis formation in rats and inhibit the lipid level in blood in hyperlipidemia mice.

Mechanism of Wulan Shisanwei Decoction in Treating Hypertension Complicated with Hyperlipidemia Based on Network Pharmacology

[Objectives]To screen out the main effective components of Wulan Shisanwei Decoction in the treatment of hypertension complicated with hyperlipidemia based on the method of network pharmacology,predict the target and explore the possible mechanism.[Methods]13 components of Wulan Shisanwei Decoction were searched on the TCMSP data platform,the corresponding active components were found and the corresponding targets were searched in Pubchem database.GeneCards database was used to screen the corresponding targets of hypertension and hyperlipidemia.The core target PPI network of Wulan Shisanwei Decoction in the treatment of hypertension complicated with hyperlipidemia was constructed by processing in STRING database.The effective data were imported into Cytoscape 3.8.0 to analyze the network topology parameters,and they were screened according to the degree value greater than the average value.Finally,the relevant information about the core target of Wulan Shisanwei Decoction in the treatment of hypertension complicated with hyperlipidemia was obtained.GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were carried out for core targets in DAVID database.The visualization map of"drug-component-target-disease"was drawn by Cytoscape 3.8.0.[Results]A total of 85 active components were obtained from Wulan Shisanwei Decoction,and there were 1532 corresponding targets.A total of 303 key targets were obtained by intersecting corresponding drug targets with disease targets.3178 biological processes were obtained by GO analysis(P<0.05)and 192 signaling pathways were obtained by KEGG enrichment analysis(P<0.05).[Conclusions]It was predicted that the main active components of Wulan Shisanwei Decoction in the treatment of hypertension complicated with hyperlipidemia were stigmasterol,acacetin,pectolinarigenin,isorhamnetin,alizarin,quercetin,nordamnacanthal,kaempferol,luteolin,glyceollin,kushenol,t,3-methylkempferol,ellagic acid,etc.20 core targets were selected in the treatment of hypertension complicated with hyperlipidemia:SRC,STAT3,HSP90AA1,MAPK1,MAPK3,PIK3R1,HRAS,GRB2,PIK3CA,AKT1,PTPN11,ESR1,LCK,EGFR,FYN,EP300,RELA,JUN,LYN,RHOA.These targets were involved in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,lipid and atherosclerosis,proteoglycan in cancer,Ras signaling pathway,etc.to exert a response to oxidative stress,cellular response to chemical stress,peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation and peptide tyrosine modification,and can intervene in the early stage of the disease.It may be the potential mechanism of Wulan Shisanwei Decoction in the treatment of hypertension complicated with hyperlipidemia.

不同年龄段早发冠心病患者临床特征及危险因素的分析

目的:探究不同年龄段早发冠心病患者的临床特征以及危险因素。方法:选择2021年6月至2022年8月,在北京安贞医院门诊诊断为早发冠心病的380例患者作为研究对象,40岁<患者年龄≤59岁为中青年组,中青年组150例,59岁<患者年龄≤65岁为老年组,老年组230例。对两组患者的临床资料、实验室检查指标、冠心病的影响因素、冠状动脉病变情况及介入治疗后安全性,进行单因素分析,对单因素分析差异有统计学意义的因素带入多元线性回归,分析相关影响因素。结果:两组患者一般资料对比,仅性别差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与中青年组相比,老年组患者的Cr、血浆凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time,PT)、FIB水平明显高,但老年组的谷氨酸转肽酶、TG、Hcy以及PLT都明显低于中青年组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,Hcy、FIB进入回归模型;老年组3支病变者发生率均比较高(P<0.05),冠状动脉造影术后总的不良事件发生率更多(P<0.05)。结论:不同年龄段早发冠心病患者在临床实验室指标及预后方面存在差异。

瑞舒伐他汀联合康复训练治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病合并高脂血症临床观察

目的探讨瑞舒伐他汀联合康复训练治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)合并高脂血症的临床疗效。方法选取医院2020年1月至2022年12月收治的冠心病合并高脂血症患者144例,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各72例。对照组患者予常规治疗和瑞舒伐他汀,观察组患者增加康复训练,两组均治疗12周。结果治疗后,两组患者的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均明显低于治疗前,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平明显高于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组均明显优于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的左室射血分数、每分输出量(CO)水平均明显高于治疗前,血清心肌肌钙蛋白I明显低于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组均明显优于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的健康调查简表(SF-36)生理功能、生理职能、活力、社会功能、总体健康评分均明显高于治疗前(P<0.05),且观察组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论瑞舒伐他汀联合康复训练可有效改善冠心病合并高脂血症患者的心功能,调节血脂水平,提高生活质量。

Effects of moxibustion at 46°C on blood lipids and related indicators of thoracic aortic endothelium in a hyperlipidemia rat model

Objective:To observe the effects of moxibustion at different temperatures(38℃,46℃)on blood lipids,endothelial morphology of the thoracic aorta,serum endothelin-1(ET-1),calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),nitric oxide(NO),and endothelial NO synthase(eNOS)in hyperlipidemic rats.Methods:Using the random number table method,60 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly and evenly divided into blank,model,38℃-moxibustion,and 46℃-moxibustion groups.Rats in the 3 experimental groups were fed a high-fat feed to model hyperlipidemia in rats.Rats in the 38℃-moxibustion and 46℃-moxibustion groups were moxibustion on the Shenque and bilateral Zusanli acupoints for 10 minutes each,once every other day for 4 weeks,at temperatures of 38±1℃ and 46±1℃.After that,rat blood samples were collected to detect blood lipids and ET-1,CGRP,eNOS and NO.Take the endotheal tissue of the thoracic aorta to do HE staining.Results:(1)The serum total cholesterol,triglycerides,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of rats in the 46℃-moxibustion group were significantly lower than those in the model and 38℃-moxibustion groups.(2)Revealed by hematoxylin and eosin staining,showed necrosis in the local vascular endothelial cells and mild inflammatory cell infiltration in the tunica adventitia of the hyperlipidemic rats.These endothelial morphologies did not improve significantly after moxibustion at 38℃ but did improve at 46℃.(3)Compared with the blank group,serum ET-1 was significantly higher and serum CGRP,NO,eNOS were significantly lower in the model group.Compared with the model and the 38℃-moxibustion groups,serum ET-1 was significantly lower and serum CGRP,NO,eNOS were significantly higher in 46℃-moxibustion groups.Conclusion:Moxibustion at 46℃ effectively regulated blood lipids,improved the morphology of the vascular endothelium,and protected vascular endothelial function.

隐丹参酮对STZ诱导的糖尿病肾病模型大鼠的肾脏保护作用及机制

目的探讨隐丹参酮对链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)诱导的糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropa-thy,DN)模型大鼠肾脏保护作用及可能作用机制.方法60只大鼠按随机数字表法分为对照组,DN模型组,隐丹参酮低、中、高剂量组(15、30、60 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))和二甲双胍组(200 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)),除对照组,其余均以STZ诱导制成DN大鼠模型.给药结束24 h后,检测大鼠的空腹血糖(FPG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白中胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、24h尿蛋白定量、血尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(Scr)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、活性氧(ROS)指标;Western blot检测TGF-β1/Smad3信号通路相关蛋白表达水平.结果生化指标检测结果显示:经药物干预后,二甲双胍组和隐丹参酮中、高剂量组大鼠FPG、尿蛋白、BUN、Scr、MDA、ROS、TG、TC、LDL-C水平、全血高切黏度、全血中切黏度、全血低切黏度及血浆黏度水平均较DN模型组降低,而SOD、HDL-C水较DN模型组升高.Western blot结果显示:经药物干预后,二甲双胍组和隐丹参酮中、高剂量组大鼠TGF-β1蛋白表达水平、p-Smad3/Smad3比值较DN模型组降低,而p-Smad7/Smad7比值较DN模型组升高.结论隐丹参酮可改善STZ诱导的DN模型大鼠的糖脂代谢、氧化应激及血液流变学情况,提升大鼠的肾功能,其保护作用可能与激活TGF-β1/Smad3信号通路有关.

阿利西尤单抗联合阿托伐他汀间歇治疗老年他汀不耐受脑梗死合并高脂血症患者的疗效分析

目的 探讨阿利西尤单抗联合阿托伐他汀间歇治疗老年他汀不耐受脑梗死合并高脂血症患者的效果。方法 前瞻性选取2022年1月—2023年10月在江南大学附属医院和江南大学附属中心医院就诊的68例他汀不耐受脑梗死合并高脂血症患者,按随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组34例。对照组给予阿托伐他汀间歇治疗,研究组在对照组基础上给予阿利西尤单抗,治疗4周观察效果。对比两组神经功能、血脂、临床疗效、血液黏度、斑块情况及药物不良反应情况。结果 研究组治疗前后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分、改良Rankin量表评分、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血浆黏度、全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、斑块大小、斑块厚度、斑块个数的差值均高于对照组(P <0.05)。研究组总有效率高于对照组(P <0.05)。两组总不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 阿利西尤单抗联合阿托伐他汀间歇治疗老年他汀不耐受脑梗死合并高脂血症患者疗效显著,可明显改善患者神经功能,调节血脂水平,降低血液黏度,改善斑块情况,安全可靠。

补骨脂素通过PCSK9/LDLR信号通路抗高脂饮食诱导的高脂血症研究

目的基于前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9(proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9,PCSK9)探讨补骨脂素对高脂血症的影响及作用机制。方法首先使用分子对接法对补骨脂素与PCSK9蛋白结合能力进行预测。随后分别采用高脂饮食诱导的高脂血症小鼠模型和HepG2细胞红色荧光标记低密度脂蛋白(Dil-LDL)摄取法考察补骨脂素对模型小鼠血脂水平和HepG2细胞Dil-LDL摄取的影响。C57BL/6J 50只小鼠适应性喂养1周,未造模小鼠作为正常组,造模后的高脂血症小鼠随机分为模型组和20、40、80 mg/kg补骨脂素组,每组10只。全自动生化仪检测丙氨酸转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)水平,以及总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high densit lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)水平。20μg/mL Dil-LDL观察补骨脂素对HepG2细胞脂质摄取的影响,分为对照组和10、20、40、80μmol/L补骨脂素组。酶标仪检测各组荧光强度;Real-time PCR和Western blot法检测补骨脂素对PCSK9和低密度脂蛋白受体(low-density lipoprotein receptor,LDLR)基因和蛋白表达的影响。结果分子对接结果显示补骨脂素与PCSK9对接结合能为-6.04 kcal/mol,提示补骨脂素可能与PCSK9结合。进一步在在体动物模型验证中发现,与高脂饮食诱导的模型组相比,20 mg/kg补骨脂素可显著降低高脂血症小鼠血清中ALT、TC和LDL-C水平(P<0.05),40 mg/kg补骨脂素显著降低高脂血症小鼠血清ALT、AST、TC、TG和LDL-C水平(P<0.05或P<0.01)。细胞实验结果显示,与对照组相比,10μmol/L、20μmol/L和40μmol/L补骨脂素可显著增强HepG2细胞Dil-LDL摄取能力(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,40μmol/L…补骨脂素可显著提高LDLR mRNA和蛋白表达(P<0.05),并降低PCSK9 mRNA和蛋白表达水平(P<0.01)。…结论补骨脂素具有抗高脂饮食导致的高脂血症作用,机制可能与下调PCSK9/LDLR信号通路有关。