Individualized Isonatremic and Hyponatremic Dialysate Improves Blood Pressure in Patients with Intradialytic Hypertension: A Prospective Cross-Over Study with 24-h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring

Background. Intradialytic hypertension, a paradoxical rise in systolic blood pressure from pre- to postdialysis, is a poorly understood and difficult-to-treat phenomenon. We examined the effects of individually adjusted isonatremic and hyponatremic dialysate on intradialytic and interdialytic blood pressure in patients with intradialytic hypertension. Methods. We enrolled 11 patients with intradialytic hypertension in a prospective randomized cross-over study, with 4 treatment periods of different dialysate sodium concentrations. Period 1 (run-in) and 3 (wash-out) were standardized at 140 mEq/L;period 2 and 4 with iso- or hyponatremic sodium dialysate. Blood pressure was recorded each dialysis session, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed at the end of each treatment period. Results. Isonatremic and hyponatremic dialysate were associated with significantly lower pre- and post-dialysis blood pressure as compared to baseline 140 mEq/L dialysate (predialysis 148.3 ± 24.7/67.7 ± 12.0 and 144.4 ± 16.5/68.8 ± 13.3 vs. 158.0 ± 18.3/75.6 ± 11.4 mmHg, resp p = 0.04 and 0.007 for systolic and p = 0.004 and 0.04 for diastolic blood pressure;postdialysis 154.2 ± 25.5/76.6 ± 14.1 and 142.5 ± 20.7/73.0 ± 12.9 vs. 159.1 ± 21.6/80.3 ± 12.1 mmHg, resp NS and p = 0.01 for systolic and NS and p = 0.04 for diastolic blood pressure). Postdialysis and 24 h systolic blood pressure tended to be lower with hyponatremic compared to isonatremic dialysate. Conclusion. Individually tailoring dialysate sodium concentration, based on the sodium set-point of each patient, resulted in a lower pre- and post-dialysis blood pressure in patients with intradialytic hypertension. 24 h blood pressure values tended to be lower as well with hyponatremic dialysate.

A survey of recent reports on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring

This article is a review of 25 publications on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM) and the importance of its results in everyday clinical practice. These studies, published in 2008-2011, were selected from the Scopus database, but are also available in Pubmed. They were prepared by researchers from around the world, concerned with the problems of proper control of blood pressure(BP), and of abnormalities in the circadian pattern of BP in patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus or renal failure. In the first part of this article, I analyse publications focused on some nuances in the methodology of ABPM and recommend ways to avoid some traps, related not only to the individual patient but also to the device used and the technical staff. The next section is devoted to the advantages of ABPM as a diagnostic tool which enables clinicians to learn about patients' BP during sleep, and emphasizes the practical implications of this information for so-called chronotherapy. This section also presents some new studies on the prognostic value of ABPM in patients with cardiovascular(CV) risk. Some recent articles on the results of various methods of pharmacological treatment of arterial hypertension in different agegroups are then described. The observations presented in this article may be helpful not only for researchers interested in the chronobiology of the CV system, but also for general practitioners using ABPM.

The Clinical Application of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Pediatrics

Management of hypertension (HTN) largely relies on proper and accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP). Even following the criteria for HTN diagnosis defined in the Fourth report on high BP in children and adolescents, inaccurate diagnosis and misdiagnosis can occur with white coat effect and masked HTN. The use of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) has been increasing in pediatrics in the last 20 years. The main use of ABPM is to differentiate between sustained HTN and white coat HTN in patients who have elevated casual BP measurements and to detect masked HTN in high risk patients. ABPM is most useful in patients with casual BP within 20% of the 95th percentile for age, gender, and height. This report will highlight the use of ABPM in the evaluation of elevated BP and management of HTN in pediatrics. The discussion includes a review of various non-invasive BP measuring techniques, a description of ABPM and ABPM-unique data and diagnoses, updated ABPM clinical data more specific to pediatrics, its use in HTN clinical trials, and future outlook and direction of ABPM in pediatrics.

THE CIRCADIAN ALTERATIONS OF BLOOD PRESSURE IN PATIENTS WITH SECONDARY HYPERTENSION

Objective To study the pattern of circadian blood pressure changes in patients with se-condary hypertension. Methods The 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed in 80 patients with secondary hypertension (SH) including primary aldosteronism in 44, pheochromocytoma in 11, renovas-cular hypertension in 10, renoparenchymal hypertension in 15 and compared with 80 patients with essential hy-pertension (EH) matched by age and sex. Results The diurnal rhythm in patients with SH was different from that of patients with EU. The diurnal curves in SU and EU was overlapped in daytime and separated from each other at nighttime. The nocturnal blood pressure fall was less and average blood pressure at nighttime was higher in patients with SH than those in patients with Eli (P <0. 01). The nighttime blood pressure loading and non-dipper phenomenon were much more frequently seen in patients with SH than those in patients with Eli (P <0. 01). The nighttime blood pressure/daytime blood pressure ratio was significantly higher in patients with SH than that in patients with Eli (P <0. 01). Conclusion The non-invasive 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring may be a useful method in screening for

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for the management of hypertension

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM)has become indispensable in the current management of hypertension.ABPM is particularly useful in the accurate diagnosis of hypertension.Its diagnostic thresholds had been recently established based on hard clinical outcomes.Cross-classification of patients according to office and ambulatory blood pressure identifies white-coat,masked,and sustained hypertension.ABPM is also useful in cardiovascular(CV)risk assessment.It provides information on daytime and nighttime blood pressure and circadian rhythm,particularly nighttime blood pressure dipping.Nighttime blood pressure is predictive of CV risk independent of office and daytime blood pressure.Isolated nocturnal hypertension is a special form of masked hypertension,with normal daytime but elevated nocturnal blood pressure.It also helps in the evaluation of blood pressure fluctuation and variation,such as morning blood pressure surge and reading-to-reading blood pressure variability.ABPM may derive several other indexes,such as ambulatory blood pressure index and salt sensitivity index,which may be useful in CV evaluations.

Association of blood pressure variability with target organ damage in older patients with essential hypertension

Background:Although multiple measures of blood pressure variability(BPV)have been proposed,whether they are better than mean blood pressure in predicting target organs is unclear.We aimed to determine the relationship between short term BPV and target organ injury.Methods:This study was a retrospective study,and 635 inpatients in the Department of Cardiology from 2015 to 2020 were selected.We divided participants into four groups on the basis of the quartiles of BPV.One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the differences between the groups,and linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between BPV and target organ damage.Results:The average age of 635 patients was 74.36±6.50 years old.Among them,354 of 627 patients had diminished renal function(56.5%),221of 604 patients had associated left ventricular hypertrophy(36.6%),and 227 of 231 patients had carotid plaque formation(98.3%).The baseline data indicated significant differences in fasting glucose,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,creatinine,glomerular filtration rate,sex,calcium channel blocker use,and the rate of diminished renal function.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BPV was negatively correlated with renal injury(creatinine:r=0.306,p<0.01;estimated glomerular filtration rate:r=0.058,p<0.01),and BPV is positively correlated with cardiac injury(r=0.083,p<0.01).Elevated BPV was not found to be associated with vascularinjury.Conclusion:Renal function decreases with increasing BPV and left ventricular mass increases with increasing BPV.

Plasma SCF/c-kit Levels in Patients with Dipper and Non-Dipper Hypertension

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between peripheral plasma stem cell factor (SCF)/c-kit levels and the types of dipper and non-dipper hypertension in hypertensive patients.Methods This cross-sectional study included newly diagnosed hypertensive patients who underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM) between January 2009 and 2012 in Jiangning city. Patients were divided into the dipper group and the non-dipper group according to ABPM measurements. The levels of SCF and its receptor c-kit, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in peripheral blood were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The serum levels of glucose and lipid were examined as well. The levels of SCF/c-kit were compared between the dippers and the non-dippers; and their correlation with 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure (MSBP), 24-hour mean diastolic blood pressure (MDBP), TNF-αand IL-6 were investigated using linear regression analyses statistically.Results A total of 247 patients with newly diagnosed hypertension were recruited into the study, including 116 non-dippers and 131 dippers. The levels of peripheral plasma SCF were higher in non-dipper group (907.1±52.7 ng/L vs. 778.7±44.6 ng/L; t=2.837, P<0.01), and the levels of c-kit were higher in non-dipper group too (13.2±1.7 μg/L vs 9.57±1.4 μg/L; t=2.831, P<0.01). Linear regression analysis revealed that SCF/ckit levels were significantly positively correlated with MSBP, MDBP, plasma TNF-α, and IL-6 levels (all P<0.01).Conclusions Peripheral plasma SCF/c-kit levels are higher in patients with non-dipper hypertension than those with dipper one, and significantly correlate with 24-hour MSBP, 24-hour MDBP, serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels.

Association of the CLC-Kb T481S polymorphism with childhood hypertension

Essential hypertension is a difficult diagnosis in children and the gene of the renal-epithelial chloride channel ClC-Kb is potentially predisposing. In vitro studies have shown that a common ClC-Kb threonine481serine (T481S) polymorphism leads to enhanced chloride channel activity and may predispose for hypertension (HT). We therefore analysed children at risk for HT for the T481S polymorphism and associated genotype with blood pressure (BP) status. A total of 48 children with essential hypertension (mean age 14.4 &#177;2.7 years, 26 male;22 female;mean BP 143.4 &#177;7.5/88 &#177;5.8 mmHg) were compared with 78 children with white-coat HT (WCHT), who showed occasionally hypertensive BP values, which were not confirmed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (mean age 13.7 &#177;2.5 years, 49 male, 29 female;mean BP 122.4 &#177;4.3/68.2 &#177;3.5 mmHg). Other causes of HT were excluded. Allelic frequencies of hypertensive patients were not significantly different from those with WCHT (HT: A 0.84;T 0.16 vs. WCHT: A 0.85;T 0.15). However, the T-allele was observed more frequently in WCHT subjects with systolic and diastolic BP exceeding the 90th percentile (A 0.71;T 0.29, n = 34, p 【0.05, considered as borderline hypertensive). The preliminary data suggest that children with WCHT carry the ClC-Kb T481S polymorphism more often and that this variant may predispose for development of arterial HT.

Ambulatory blood-pressure monitoring, antihypertensive therapy and the risk of fall injuries in elderly hypertensive patients

BackgroundFall 损害是普通的在之中老。这研究的目的是调查是否血压模式由 24-h 测量了监视的回廊血压( ABPM )，或跟随 24-h ABPM 的 antihypertensive 治疗的增强，可以在高血压的老 patients.MethodsIn 与秋天损害被联系回顾的研究，是的基于社区的老病人(年龄 70 年)指了 24-h ABPM 在一个年 post-ABPM 以内为秋天损害被评估。我们比较了临床的特征， 24-h ABPM 模式和高血压的治疗追随者 24-h ABPM 的增强，在有或没有秋天 injury.ResultsOverall 的病人之间 1032 个高血压的老病人被评估。(5.3%) 55 在跟随 ABPM 的一年有一个秋天损害事件。有秋天损害的病人显著地更老，并且与以前的下降的更高的率。更低的 24-h 心脏舒张的血压(到 2014 年 12 月的 67.3 2011 年 1 月) ， 1164 个病人作为有尖锐大动脉的解剖被识别。corr？？

Uncontrolled hypertension in older patients： markers and associated factors to masked and white-coat effect

BackgroundHypertension 是为心血管的疾病的主要风险因素，多于半老人口影响。知道他们是否有高血压的合适的控制是必要的。这研究的目的是在更旧的 patients.MethodsTwo 识别联系因素到掩盖的不受管束的高血压和假不受管束的高血压 -- 173 个个人(70.1 &#x000b1； 6.7 年旧)有的血压( BP )在办公室并且由监视的回廊 BP ( ABPM )测量了与控制的组(C)的定义，有高办公室 BP 和足够的 ABPM 的个人，叫的白上衣的效果组( WCE )，不受管束( UC )，并且有给取名的适当办公室 BP 和提高的 ABPM 的题目掩盖了效果组(我)。年龄，身体团索引，糖尿病，脉搏压力(PP ) 和蘸在睡觉期间的 BP 被评估(Kruskal-Wallis 测试和逻辑回归模型).ResultsAge 比在 C 和我在 UC 是更高的(P &#x0003c；0.01 ) ，并且 24-h ABPM PP 在 C 是更低的(48 &#x000b1；7 mmHg ) 并且 WCE (51 &#x000b1；6 mmHg ) 比在 UC (67 &#x000b1；12 mmHg ) 并且我(59 &#x000b1；8 mmHg )(P &#x0003c；0.01 ) 。睡觉收缩 BP 蘸比在 C 在我是更低的(P = 0.03 ) 。女性与我是组的一个更大的机会被联系，它显示出在 sleep.ConclusionsIn 期间蘸更老的个人，的更高的 PP 和更低的 BP 办公室 BP 大小不允许将允许从我把 WCE 区分开来与 UC 组和 C 的联系因素的察觉组。ABPM 赞成了更高的 PP 和在掩盖的效果和不受管束的组蘸在睡觉期间的更低的 BP 的鉴定。

The Relationship between Abnormal Circadian Blood Pressure Rhythm and Risk of Readmission in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Objective:Abnormal circadian blood pressure rhythm has been revealed to be associated with hypertensive target organ damage and cardiovascular events,but its association with readmission risk in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF)remains unknown.We conducted a retrospective study to explore the relationship between circadian blood pressure rhythm and readmission risk in HFpEF patients.Methods:We retrospectively collected baseline and follow-up data on HFpEF patients who underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM)from May 2015 to October 2019.Patient circadian blood pressure rhythms defi ned by ABPM were grouped as dipper,nondipper,or riser patterns.Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association between circadian blood pressure rhythm and readmission risk.Results:A total of 122 patients were enrolled in this study.The mean age and ejection fraction were 69.87 years and 61.44%,respectively,with mean the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)level being 1048.15 pg/mL.There were signifi cant differences in the 24-hour systolic blood pressure(SBP),sleep SBP,and sleep diastolic blood pressure(DBP)among the three groups,where the 24-hour SBP,sleep SBP,and sleep DBP in the riser pattern group were markedly higher than in the dipper pattern group.Notably,serum NT-proBNP levels,the proportion of patients readmitted for heart failure and the mean number of admissions differed markedly among three groups.Instructively,multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the riser pattern was a signifi cant and independent risk factor for increased serum NT-proBNP level(β=929.16,95%confi dence interval 178.79–1679.53,P=0.016).In multivariate logistic regression analysis,the riser pattern was demonstrated to be a signifi cant risk factor for readmission(odds ratio 11.23,95%confi dence interval 2.01–62.67,P=0.006)in HFpEF patients.Conclusion:The riser blood pressure pattern is a potential risk factor for elevated serum NT-proBNP level and readmission in HFpEF patients.

老年人群24h动态血压监测中清晨高血压与脑血管储备功能相关性

目的研究老年人群24 h动态血压监测中清晨高血压与脑血管储备功能(CVR)的相关性。方法回顾性选取2021年1月至12月到济南市妇幼保健院行24 h动态血压监测的300例老年受试者,依据监测结果分为A组、B组和C组。A组158例为清晨血压升高的高血压患者,男88例,女70例,年龄(66.02±4.35)岁;B组74例为清晨血压正常的高血压患者,男41例,女33例,年龄(65.42±4.42)岁;C组68例为血压正常者,男37例,女31例,年龄(65.77±4.38)岁。以两侧大脑中动脉屏气指数均值<0.69%为CVR减低,屏气指数均值≥0.69%为CVR正常,将300例受试者分为CVR降低组(52例)和CVR正常组(248例)。比较A、B、C 3组患者的临床资料,CVR指标;比较CVR降低组、CVR正常组一般资料,行单因素分析、多因素分析和相关性分析。采用F检验、独立样本t检验、χ^(2)检验、logistic回归分析和Pearson相关性分析。结果300例24 h动态血压监测的老年受试者,清晨血压升高的高血压患者158例,占52.67%;清晨血压正常的高血压患者74例,占24.67%;血压正常者68例,占22.67%。3组收缩压(24 h均值、日间均值、夜间均值)、晨峰指数:A组>B组>C组(均P<0.05);舒张压(24 h均值、日间均值、夜间均值):A组>B组、C组(均P<0.05),B组、C组舒张压比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。CVR:A组[(21.37±7.89)%]<B组[(25.58±8.14)%]<C组[(28.56±8.10)%](均P<0.05);屏气指数:A组[(0.89±0.23)%]<B组[(1.13±0.21)%]、C组[(1.20±0.24)%](均P<0.05),B组、C组屏气指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);脉动指数:A组[(1.49±0.36)]>B组[(1.15±0.31)]、C组[(1.06±0.29)](均P<0.05),B组、C组脉动指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CVR降低组年龄[(73.14±3.21)岁]、清晨收缩压[(132.42±9.64)mmHg](1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、清晨舒张压[(68.85±6.59)mmHg]均高于CVR正常组[(64.28±4.36)岁、(121.58±7.26)mmHg、(65.36±7.23)mmHg](均P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄、清晨收缩压、清晨舒张压均为CVR降低的影响因素(均P<0.05)。清晨收缩压与屏气指数呈负相关(P<0.05),与脉动指数呈正相关(P<0.05);清晨舒张压与屏气指数呈负相关(P<0.05),与脉动指数呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论老年人群24 h动态血压监测中清晨高血压患者占比较大,清晨高血压患者CVR、屏气指数较低,脉动指数较高,清晨收缩压、清晨舒张压均与屏气指数呈负相关,与脉动指数呈正相关。

清醒时不同时间血压水平预测夜间高血压的价值

目的:比较清醒时不同时间血压水平预测夜间高血压的价值。方法:连续入选2023年4月至7月就诊于福建医科大学附属第一医院门诊的204例高血压患者,所有患者均接受规范的诊室血压和诊室外血压测量。诊室外血压测量使用动态血压监测装置及血压日志记录,具体包括傍晚血压、睡前血压、清晨血压及清晨平均血压。夜间高血压定义为夜间平均血压≥120/70 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)。采用ROC曲线分析不同时间血压水平预测夜间高血压的价值,并采用联合序列试验评价两个指标联合预测夜间高血压的价值。采用Logistic回归分析评估夜间高血压的预测因素。结果:204例高血压患者中,104例(51.0%)有夜间高血压。夜间平均收缩压与睡前收缩压最接近(P=0.641)。睡前收缩压≥120 mmHg的患者中有75.7%(84/111)存在夜间高血压,睡前收缩压≥135 mmHg患者中有94.2%(49/52)存在夜间高血压;清晨平均收缩压≥135 mmHg患者中有88.2%(75/85)存在夜间高血压。ROC曲线分析表明,清晨平均收缩压(AUC:0.903,P<0.05)预测夜间高血压的价值明显优于诊室收缩压、傍晚收缩压、睡前收缩压、清晨收缩压。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,睡前收缩压125~134 mmHg(OR=2.95,95%CI:1.02~8.49,P=0.045)、睡前收缩压≥135 mmHg(OR=17.55,95%CI:3.61~85.38,P<0.001)、清晨平均收缩压125~134 mmHg(OR=6.08,95%CI:1.73~21.41,P=0.005)、清晨平均收缩压≥135 mmHg(OR=25.41,95%CI:6.02~107.32,P<0.001)对夜间高血压有预测价值。ROC曲线分析显示,睡前收缩压和清晨平均收缩压联合预测夜间高血压价值更高(AUC:0.929,P<0.05)。进一步行联合序列试验表明,当睡前收缩压≥130 mmHg且清晨平均收缩压≥135 mmHg灵敏度最高,患者中有98.0%(49/50)存在夜间高血压。结论:清晨血压和睡前血压是预测夜间高血压的两个有效指标,联合这两个指标预测价值更高,可为夜间高血压的识别诊断提供临床指导。

甘油三酯-葡萄糖乘积指数与女性非糖尿病高血压左心室肥厚的相关性探讨

目的:探讨女性非糖尿病高血压患者甘油三酯-葡萄糖乘积(TyG)指数与左心室肥厚(LVH)的相关性。方法:回顾分析133名女性非糖尿病高血压患者,采用Pearson相关性分析与左室质量指数(LVMI)相关的因素,通过二元logistic回归分析获得LVH的影响因素,并通过ROC曲线分析TyG指数预测LVH的最佳截断值以及灵敏度和特异度。结果:在女性非糖尿病高血压患者中,与TyG指数低值组比较,TyG指数高值组其LVMI也较高。Pearson相关性分析发现LVMI与TyG指数、收缩压及夜间舒张压呈正相关(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,TyG指数和夜间收缩压是LVH的预测因素(OR=3.486,95%CI:1.417~8.577;OR=1.048,95%CI:1.019~1.077)。TyG指数与夜间收缩压联合预测LVH的AUC为0.75(95%CI:0.659~0.847),灵敏度为64.7%,特异度为76.8%。结论:在女性非糖尿病高血压患者中,TyG指数和夜间收缩压与左室质量指数呈正相关,可以作为左心室肥厚的预测因子。

血压节律与水平和左心室舒张功能的相关性分析

目的 探讨原发性高血压患者的血压昼夜节律、不同血压水平与左室舒张功能之间的关系。方法 纳入解放军总医院第一医学中心心内科2022年1月~2023年4月收治的678例原发性高血压住院患者,所有患者均接受动态血压监测(ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, ABPM)和超声心动图检查。根据血压昼夜节律分为杓型血压组(n=46)、非杓型组(n=451)、反杓型组(n=181)。采用左房容积指数(left atrial volume index, LAVI)、二尖瓣口舒张早期血流峰值速度/二尖瓣环处侧壁和间隔舒张早期速度的平均值(E/e′)、二尖瓣环处侧壁和间隔舒张早期速度的平均值(e′)评估3组患者左室舒张功能。采用方差分析和多元线性回归分析诊室血压、24 h收缩压平均值(24 h-mSBP)、24 h舒张压平均值(24 h-mDBP)、日间收缩压平均值(D-mSBP)、日间舒张压平均值(D-mDBP)、夜间收缩压平均值(N-mSBP)、夜间舒张压平均值(N-mDBP)、24 h收缩压变异性(24-SBPV)、24 h舒张压变异性(24-DBPV)、日间收缩压变异性(D-SBPV),日间舒张压变异性(D-DBPV),夜间收缩压变异性(N-SBPV),夜间舒张压变异性(N-DBPV)与左室舒张功能之间的关系。结果 反杓型血压组的LAVI明显高于杓型血压组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归的结果显示,24 h-SBP、D-mSBP和N-mSBP与LAVI独立相关(B=0.06,P<0.05);24 h-mSBP、D-mSBP、N-mSBP、诊室收缩压、24-SBPV、24-DBPV、D-SBPV和D-DBPV与E/e′独立相关(B=0.03、0.03、0.02、0.01、0.09、0.10、0.05、0.07,P<0.05);24 h-mSBP、24 h-mDBP、N-mDBP和诊室舒张压与e′独立相关(B=-0.01、-0.02、-0.02、-0.01,P<0.05)。结论 反杓型血压节律和收缩压平均值(mSBP)与左房扩大相关。mSBP及诊室收缩压均与左室舒张功能相关,且mSBP与左室舒张功能的相关性强于诊室血压。ABPM可用于早期识别高血压患者中左房扩大和左心室舒张功能障碍的高风险人群。

心电及血压指标在高血压合并左心室肥厚中的应用进展

高血压是常见的心血管疾病,左心室肥厚(left ventricular hypertrophy,LVH)是其常见的并发症。心电及血压指标是临床上用于评估心血管疾病的常见指标。近年来,随着检测技术的进步,它们在评价LVH方面展现出重要的应用价值。本文综述心电及血压指标在LVH中的临床应用进展,并对未来的研究趋势进行展望。

环境温度对血压的影响及相关管理策略

环境温度的季节性变化与血压波动及心血管疾病风险相关。本文全面综述了环境温度对血压的影响,阐明了其潜在机制,探讨了血压变化与温度以及心血管预后的关系,并提出了高血压患者与温度相关的血压波动的管理策略,以期为高血压的诊治提供帮助。

高血压患者颈动脉搏动指数和阻力指数与动态心电血压监测指标的相关性研究

目的 探讨高血压患者颈动脉搏动指数和阻力指数与动态心电血压监测指标的相关性。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年1月在该院诊治的800例原发性高血压患者,将其纳入研究组,同期300例健康体检者纳入对照组。监测并对比对照组和研究组的颈动脉搏动指数、阻力指数、24 h平均舒张压和收缩压、白昼和夜间平均舒张压和收缩压、24 h舒张压负荷和24 h收缩压负荷。将研究组患者按照搏动指数和阻力指数进行三分位分组,分析高血压患者颈动脉搏动指数和阻力指数与动态心电血压监测指标之间的相关性。结果 研究组颈动脉搏动指数、阻力指数、24 h平均舒张压、24 h平均收缩压、白昼平均舒张压、夜间平均舒张压、白昼平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压、24 h舒张压负荷和24 h收缩压负荷均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着颈动脉搏动指数的升高,高血压患者的24 h平均舒张压、24 h平均收缩压、白昼平均舒张压、白昼平均收缩压、24 h舒张压负荷、24 h收缩压负荷均明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着阻力指数的升高,高血压患者的24 h平均舒张压、24 h平均收缩压、白昼平均舒张压、夜间平均舒张压、白昼平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压、24 h舒张压负荷和24 h收缩压负荷均明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,高血压患者颈动脉搏动指数、阻力指数分别与24 h平均舒张压、24 h平均收缩压、白昼平均舒张压、白昼平均收缩压、24 h舒张压负荷和24 h收缩压负荷呈正相关性(r>0.3,P<0.001)。结论 高血压患者颈动脉搏动指数和阻力指数的变化与动态心电血压监测指标24 h平均血压、白昼平均血压、24 h血压负荷呈正相关,随着颈动脉搏动指数和阻力指数的升高,部分动态心电血压监测指标也相应升高。

动态血压监测对高血压患者的管理及效果评价

目的对动态血压监测(ABPM)对高血压患者的管理及效果进行评价。方法200例高血压患者,电脑随机分为对照组和观察组,每组100例。对照组采取偶测血压(CBP)监测肱动脉血压,观察组使用24 h动态血压监测,两组根据血压监测情况进行降压药物治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后血压、满意度以及观察组中低龄组和高龄组的动态血压参数。结果治疗后,观察组患者收缩压(112.13±7.56)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、舒张压(80.92±7.45)mm Hg均明显低于对照组的(121.77±7.87)、(88.02±8.99)mm Hg(P<0.05)。观察组患者总满意度95.00%显著高于对照组的80.00%(P<0.05)。低龄组收缩压的日间均压、夜间均压、24 h均压分别为(114±12)、(101±10)、(106±11)mm Hg,舒张压的日间均压、夜间均压、24 h均压分别为(88±8)、(86±7)、(87±10)mm Hg;高龄组收缩压的日间均压、夜间均压、24 h均压分别为(120±10)、(108±12)、(114±12)mm Hg,舒张压的日间均压、夜间均压、24 h均压分别为(80±7)、(77±5)、(79±5)mm Hg。低龄组收缩压的日间均压、夜间均压、24 h均压低于高龄组,舒张压的日间均压、夜间均压、24 h均压高于高龄组(P<0.05)。结论高血压患者采取动态血压监测对于改善患者的血压水平,增加满意度具有显著的价值。

The Circadian Rhythm of Yin and Yang Syndrome on Hypertension

Objective: To study the relationship between the circadian rhythm of Yin and Yang Syndrome on essential hypertension. Methods: The noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was used in the clinical evaluation of 84 hypertensive inpatients. Results: The profile of ambulatory blood pressure in traditional Chinese medicine is characterized by the usual nocturnal decline in blood pressure, as well as by a prominent secondary fall in the early afternoon. The blood pressure to be highest is at Chen （辰, 8:00am） on excess of Yang Syndrome and at You （酉, 17: 00 pm）on deficiency of Yin Syndrome, the lowest is at Zi （子,0: 00 am）and Wei （未, 11 ：00am). The inverse circadian blood pressure is discovered in spontaneously hypertension rats （SHR）. Conclusion: The pathogenesis of hypertension is due to the excessive Yang that is caused by incoordination between Yin and Yang. The TCM pattern differentiation of hypertension can be identified by Yin and Yang.