Hypertension (Htn) among Young People of 18 to 35 Years Old in Cardiology Department of Gabriel Toure University Teaching Hospital

Few studies have been conducted on hypertension among youth in Mali?hence the interest of our study aimed to clarify certain aspects what are not taken account yet in previous studies.?Objective: Determine the clinical and para-clinical characteristics of hypertension among 18 to 35 years old young people.?Methods:?This cross-sectional and retrospective study of 24 months from January 1st, 2009 to December 31st, 2010?in the cardiology department of the Gabriel Touré UTH.?Results:?We identified 132 cases during the study period out of 2146 cases of hypertension with a prevalence of 6.1%. The female gender represented 81.8%, with a sex ratio of 45.59, 1% of patients had an unknown family history of hypertension. The age group of 31 to 35 years accounted for 43.9%. The circumstances of discovery were dominated by exertional dyspnea (37.9%). Body mass index was normal in 45.5% of patients. The higher BMI was more common in female patients with 39.39% (p?= 0.045). In the sample,53% of patients had a systolic blood pressure between 140?and 159 mmHg and 38.6% had diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110 mmHg with no significant difference (p?> 0.5). The high creatinine level was found in 18.18% of our patients. The ECG?found?84.6%?of left ventricular hypertrophy among cavitary hypertrophies. The echocardiography has found cavitary?dilatation in 40.04% of cases;it concerned the left ventricle in 25.71%. Also 18.57% of our patients had impaired left ventricular systolic function. Among the complications found in our patients, kidney failure led with 56%.?Conclusion:?Hypertension is not a rare event among young population even with a normal body mass index. It is often discovered during complications that can be dreadful.

Effect of auricular plaster for primary hypertension in older people:A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Hypertension is a critical public health problem globally.Antihypertensive drugs can create an extra burden on hypertension patients'self-regulation leading to an imbalance of blood supply and demand.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of auricular plaster therapy combined with western medicine to treat primary hypertension in older people.AIM To carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis for the effect of auricular plaster in elderly hypertension patients.METHODS Multiple databases like PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Chinese Biomedical Literature on Disc,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wan Fang and Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database were used to search for the relevant studies and full-text articles involved in the evaluation of auricular plaster combined with western medicine and western medicine alone for primary hypertension in older people.All included articles were quality assessed and the data analysis was conducted with the Review Manager(5.4).Forest plots,sensitivity analysis and funnel plots were also performed on the included articles.RESULTS In this analysis,fourteen(14)relevant studies were included.The Meta-analysis showed a significant difference in the effective ratio(OR=3.62;95%CI,2.46 to 5.33;P<0.00001),diastolic blood pressure change(5.68 mmHg;95%CI,3.49 to 7.87;P<0.00001),systolic blood pressure change(MD=8.78 mmHg;95%CI,5.04 to 12.53;P<0.00001)and symptom score(MD=3.20;95%CI,1.23 to 5.18;P=0.001)between auricular plaster combined with western medicine group and western medicine alone group.One bias was detected as selection bias and another two in reporting bias.Sensitivity analysis fulfilled the stability of the results.CONCLUSION Our study suggested that auricular plaster combined with western medicine improved primary hypertension better than western medicine alone.Limited by the quality of included studies,further studies should be performed to confirm our findings.

Assessing the relationship between health literacy intervention and hypertension self-management:A 7-year systematic review from January 2016 to December 2022

Hypertension(HTN)is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting over 30%of the adult population globally,with a growing incidence rate.This review assesses the relationship between health literacy(HL)intervention and hypertension(HTN)self-management among people with HTN.The study design was a systematic review of empirical research articles using a well-defined strategy.Online journals were accessed through databases such as PubMed,CINAHL,Google Scholar,ProQuest,Global Health,WHOLIS,Embase,and EbscoHost,spanning from January 2016 to December 2022 as the scope of the study.Articles selected for inclusion were those published in English during the specified time frame and adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and Sample,Phenomenon of Interest,Design,Evaluation,Research Type framework for systematic review,focusing on criteria related to the sample,the phenomenon of interest,study design,evaluation,and research type.Out of 180 studies initially identified in the database search,20 studies were ultimately included in the review.The findings were reported based on these five emerging themes:Relationship between HL and HTN self-management;Effect of HL intervention on HTN self-management;Factors predicting self-care behaviors among HTN patients with low HL;Effect of HL and self-management efficacy on health-related quality of life(HRQoL);and level of self-care practices.This review highlights a relationship between HL,self-efficacy,self-care,and HRQoL,underscoring the necessity for further well-designed intervention studies focused on enhancing HL in individuals with HTN in Nigeria to enhance their quality of life.

Effects of the self-management training program on self-management behavior and blood pressure levels among elderly people with hypertension

Objective:To determine the effects of the Self-Management Training Program on self-management behavior and blood pressure(BP)levels among elderly people with hypertension(HT).Methods:This study was based on a quasi-experimental design using sampling groups composed of elderly residents of Pathum Thani Province with HT.Simple random sampling was applied to two sampling groups,an experimental group and a control group.However,the experimental group had been on the Self-Management Training Program based on the Creer concept.The Program’s contents included small-group health-education sessions and the patients’manual,Self-Management Training Skills for Self-Management Behavior.Small group discussions were held for self-reflection,to stimulate follow-up for self-management behavior training during home visits.The Self-Management Training Program was compared with programs involving the more usual care.Data were collected using the Self-Management Behavior for Hypertension Control Questionnaire and BP assessment tests.Data were analyzed using a descriptive statistic,chi-square test,pair t-test,repeated-measures Analysis of Variance(ANOVA),and repeated-measures Analysis Covariance(ANCOVA).Results:It was found that at 13 weeks after entering the program,the experimental group demonstrated a significantly lower systolic and diastolic BP with a baseline statistical significance(P<0.005),and that at the 4th week and the 13th week,there was a decrease in BP in the experimental group.The experimental group also had above-baseline self-management behavior scores that were higher than in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusions:Results from this study show that the Self-Management Program was useful for BP control and promoted sustainable self-management behavior.

Cirrhotic patients and older people

The global population is aging,and so the number of older cirrhotic patients is increasing.Older patients are characterised by a risk of frailty and comorbidities,and age is a risk factor for mortality in cirrhotic patients.The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as an aetiology of cirrhosis is increasing,while that of chronic viral hepatitis is decreasing.Also,cirrhosis is frequently idiopathic.The management of portal hypertension in older cirrhotic patients is similar to that in younger patients,despite the greater risk of treatment-related adverse events of the former.The prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma increases with age,but its treatment is unaffected.Liver transplantation is generally recommended for patients<70 years of age.Despite the increasing prevalence of cirrhosis in older people,little data are available and few recommendations have been proposed.This review suggests that comorbidities have a considerable impact on older cirrhotic patients.

Association of Fibrin Monomer Polymerization Function, Cerebrovascular Risk Factors and Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease in Old People

In order to investigate the association of fibrin monomer polymerization function (FMPF) with traditional cerebrovascular risk factors and ischemic cerebrovascular disease in old people. 1∶1 paired case-control comparative study was performed for FMPF and traditional cerebrovascular risk factors on 110 cases of old ischemic cerebrovascular disease and 110 controls matched on age, sex and living condition. The results showed that cerebrovascular risk factors were more prevalent in case group than in control group. In the case group, FMPF was significantly higher than in control group. There was a significant positive correlation between hypertension and fibrin monomer polymerization velocity (FMPV), hypertension and fibrinogen (Fbg), alcohol consumption and Fbg, but no significant correlation between diabetic mellitus, smoking and FMPF was found. Among the parameters of blood lipids, there were significant positive correlations between total cholesterol (TC) and parameters of FMPF to varying degrees, triglycerides (TG) and FMPV, TG and Fbg. Our results also showed there were significant linear trends between TC and FMPV (P<0. 001), TC and Fbg (P=0. 0087), TG and FMPV/Amax (maximum absorbance)(P=0. 0143) respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that FMPF in case group remained significantly higher than control group after adjustment of all risk factors that were significant in univariate analysis. It was concluded that there is a possible pathophysiological link between FMPF and cerebrovascular risk factors. An elevated FMPF is associated with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and an independent risk factor of this disease. In old people, detection of FMPF might be a useful screening to identify individuals at increased cerebrothrombotic risk.

The New Social and Identitary Models of Old People—Deepening the Concept of Successful Ageing

The concept of ageing society includes the quantitative factor that there will be more and more older people according to population transitions. But, at the same time, qualitative factors such as quality of life, identity changes and the experience of high changes in the subjectivity need to be included alongside these quantitative factors. So, the purpose and significance of the paper indicate that is necessary to ensure structures that can tolerate the new scenarios of this current generation of older people, who seek new life options, renewed emotional perspectives and transgenerational confrontation with traditional models of ageing and grandparenthood.

Intensive blood pressure control on arterial stiffness among older patients with hypertension

Background:Arterial stiffening increases with age and blood pressure and is associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD),but the relationship between blood pressure lowering and arterial stiffening is still uncertain,especially in older people.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intensive blood pressure treatment on the progression of arterial stiffness and risk of CVD in older patients with hypertension.Methods:The Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients(STEP)trial was a multicenter,randomized,controlled trial performed at 42 clinical centers throughout China,and 8511 patients aged 60-80 years with essential hypertension were enrolled and randomly assigned to systolic blood pressure(SBP)target of 110 mmHg to<130 mmHg(intensive treatment)or 130 mmHg to<150 mmHg(standard treatment).Patients underwent repeated examinations of the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and ankle-brachial index(ABI)at baseline,and the arterial stiffness was evaluated at the 3-year follow-up.A total of 5339 patients who had twice repeated measurements were included in this study.Changes in arterial stiffness between the intensive and standard treatment groups were analyzed using a multivariate linear regression model.The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to evaluate the effect of intensive treatment on primary CVD outcomes.Results:The changes in baPWV were 61.5 cm/s(95%confidence interval[CI]:49.8-73.2 cm/s)in the intensive treatment group and 98.4 cm/s(95%CI:86.7-110.1 cm/s)in the standard treatment group(P<0.001).Intensive treatment significantly delayed the progression of arterial stiffness,with an annual change of 23.1 cm·s^(-1)·year-1 vs.36.7 cm·s^(-1)·year^(-1)of baPWV in the intensive and standard treatment groups,respectively.During a median follow-up period of 3.36 years,primary CVD outcomes occurred in 77(2.9%)patients in the intensive treatment group compared with 93(3.5%)in the standard treatment group.Intensive treatment resulted in a significantly lower CVD risk in patients aged 70-80 years or with SBP<140 mmHg.Conclusion:Intensive blood pressure control with an SBP target of 110 mmHg to<130 mmHg could delay the progression of arterial stiffness and reduce the risk of CVD in older patients with hypertension.Clinical trial registration:http://www.clinicaltrials.gov;No.NCT03015311.

Hypertension in Clinical Practice: Control Rate in Short Term and Associated Factors in the Cardiology Department of the University Hospital Gabriel Touré(UH-GT) in Bamako (Mali)

Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is for many decades a worldwide major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.However, hypertension control rates are globally low in the world. Studies on observance have been published in Mali but there is to our knowledge no published data about HTN control rate. We therefore conducted this study to assess the control rate in short term after 3 months management and to look for factors associated with HTN control. Materials and Methods: This study designed as prospective was conducted in the cardiology department of the University Hospital Gabriel Touré (UH-GT) from March 24 to September 24, 2017. All outpatients aged 18 years and more who came for visit and with hypertension as diagnose were involved. All patients have consented to participate in the study. Sociodemographic and data on physical examination including measures for BP, height, weight, waist circumference (WC) and direct costs as reported by the patients were recorded. Patients were asked about medication discontinuation and if yes why and then they were informed about the need to take regularly medication. The concept of chronic disease was explained to them. A formulary served to collect data that were inserted into a Microsoft Access database and analyzed using SPSS version 18. After describing of sociodemographics and continuous variables, crosstabs and finally a logistic regression was performed to look for blood pressure control predictors. Results: There was no statistical difference in sociodemographics between older and newly diagnosed patients. At 3 months globally 40.90% (31.1 for old Patients and 09.8% for newPatients) of the sample were controlled (Figure 1). For old patients, hypertension control rate at inclusion was 12.78% and reached 49.44% at 3 months (Figure 2). After logistic regression only HTN duration was significant predictor with Odd-ratio of 0.365 [0.213 - 0.624] 95% CI and p-value patients as reference). During the study period therapeutic regimen remained unchanged in 73.1% (44.4 for old Patients and 28.7 for newPatients. Calcium channel blocker (CCB), diuretics (DIU) and ACE-inhibitors (ACE-I) were the most prescribed drugs without statistical difference between patients with and without blood pressure under control. Conclusion: Short term hypertension control rate is low and patient follow-up must incorporate information at each visit as well as information through others channels for preventing hypertension. The duration of hypertension was found to be predictor for hypertension control.

Therapeutic Effect of Nifedipine Combined with Enalapril on Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease Complicated with Hypertension

The objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy of combined drug therapy for elderly patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension.66 elderly patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension were enrolled from December 2016 to November 2017.They were randomly divided into two groups,33 patients in each group.Patients in the experimental group received nifedipine.In combination with enalapril,patients enrolled in the control group received nifedipine monotherapy.Compared with the control group,the total effective rate,serum nitric oxide(NO)after treatment,C-reactive protein(CRP)after treatment,homocysteine(HCY)after treatment,and blood pressure after treatment were significantly improved(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in serum NO,pre-treatment CRP,pre-treatment HCY,pre-treatment blood pressure,and adverse reactions during treatment between the two groups(P>0.05).The elderly patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension are treated with nifedipine and enalapril.

Effect of Bushen Hemai decoction on vascular stiffness in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension

Objective: To investigate the effect of Bushen Hemai decoction on the wall stiffness of middle-aged and elderly patients with simple systolic hypertension. Methods: The 126 middle-aged and elderly patients with simple systolic hypertension admitted to our hospital from May 2010 to May 2015 were randomly divided into control group (63 cases) and observation group (63 cases). The control group was treated with conventional Western medicine, while the observation group was treated with Bushen Hemai decoction on the basis of the control group. The two groups were treated for 4 weeks. Results: The systolic blood pressure of the two groups decreased after treatment (observation group: T=16.165, control group: T=13.537, P<0.05);the systolic blood pressure of the two groups did not change significantly after treatment (observation group: T=1.857, control group: T=0.483, P>0.05);the systolic blood pressure of the observation group was lower than that of the control group after treatment (T=16.165, P<0.05). After treatment, the level of ST segment of ECG in the two groups was lower than that before treatment (observation group: T=22.145, control group: T=11.007, P<0.05);after treatment, the level of ST segment of ECG in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (T=8.130, P<0.05). After treatment, the pulse conduction velocity of the two groups was lower than that of the control group (observation group:T=8.694, control group: T=3.944, P<0.05);after treatment, the pulse conduction velocity of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (T=5.326, P<0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group (93.65%) was higher than that of the control group (76.19%) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Bushen Hemai Decoction has a significant clinical effect on middle-aged and elderly patients with simple systolic hypertension, and can improve the stiffness of the tube wall, which is worthy of clinical reference.

HDSMP结合CDSMP模式对老年高血压患者疾病应对和自我管理能力的影响

目的 探讨本土化的高血压、糖尿病自我管理教程(hypertension&diabetes self-management program, HDSMP)结合美国斯坦福大学首创的普适性慢性病自我管理项目(chronic disease self-management program, CDSMP)对老年高血压患者疾病应对和自我管理能力的影响。方法 选取2021年6-12月在郑州大学第一附属医院内科门诊就诊的符合纳入和排除标准的300例老年高血压患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组150例和干预组150例。对照组患者接受以健康讲座和宣教手册为主的健康教育,干预组患者接受HDSMP结合CDSMP模式的慢性病自我管理,以自我管理小组的形式进行。两组患者的干预时间均为8周。评价并比较两组患者干预前后的疾病认知情况、生活质量、疾病应对能力、自我管理能力、血压控制效果。结果 干预组干预后对高血压知识(包括疾病诊断标准、高危因素、高血压危害、治疗方法)知晓率相比较干预前和对照组干预后均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组干预后健康调查简表(SF-36)各维度评分相比较干预前和对照组干预后均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组干预后医学应对方式问卷(medical coping modes questionnaire, MCMQ)中的面对得分相比较对照组干预后明显升高[(22.70±2.28)分vs.(20.95±2.62)分],屈服、回避得分相比较对照组干预后明显降低[(5.13±1.36)分vs.(5.96±1.65)分,(13.72±1.45)分vs.(15.10±1.49)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组干预后自我管理各维度评分和总评分均显著高于对照组干预后(P<0.05)。两组患者干预后的舒张压和收缩压相比较干预前均显著降低,其中干预组相比较对照组降低更明显(P<0.05),干预后干预组的血压控制达标率相比较对照组明显升高(收缩压:88.67%vs. 76.00%,舒张压:93.33%vs. 78.67%,P<0.05)。结论 HDSMP结合CDSMP模式对提高和改善老年高血压患者的疾病应对能力、自我效能和自我管理能力的效果更佳,从而能进一步提高和改善患者的血压控制达标率及生活质量水平。

美托洛尔联合厄贝沙坦治疗老年高血压的临床效果探讨

目的探讨美托洛尔联合厄贝沙坦治疗老年高血压的临床效果。方法120例老年高血压患者,随机分为二联降压组和单一降压组,每组60例。单一降压组应用厄贝沙坦治疗,二联降压组在单一降压组基础上增加美托洛尔治疗。比较两组血压水平、血压达标率、生活质量评分、不良反应发生率。结果二联降压组治疗1、2、3个月后收缩压(140.03±14.25)、(135.71±15.72)、(133.24±12.02)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)和舒张压(86.25±5.37)、(84.69±4.52)、(82.36±5.62)mm Hg显著低于单一降压组的(150.71±13.85)、(145.02±14.13)、(138.52±14.78)mm Hg和(91.39±6.87)、(87.25±5.37)、(85.19±4.98)mm Hg(P<0.05)。二联降压组治疗1、2、3个月后血压达标率分别为63.33%、76.67%、93.33%,均显著高于单一降压组的41.67%、58.33%、78.33%(P<0.05)。二联降压组治疗后健康调查简表(SF-36)中生理功能、情感职能、生理职能、社会功能、精神健康、精力评分及总分均显著高于单一降压组(P<0.05)。二联降压组不良反应发生率11.67%(7/60)与单一降压组的8.33%(5/60)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在厄贝沙坦降压治疗基础上联合美托洛尔协同治疗,可有效降低老年高血压患者的血压水平,提高血压达标率、生活质量,安全性高,预后良好。

情志疗法联合同伴支持对老年高血压患者依从性、心理状态的影响初探

目的分析情志疗法联合同伴支持治疗对老年高血压患者自我管理及生活质量的价值。方法选择2020年10月—2021年10月在杭州市红十字会医院老年病科进行治疗的117例老年高血压患者作为研究对象,依据计算机随机编码法将患者随机分为两组,对照组(n=58)、观察组(n=59)。对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施同伴支持联合情志疗法干预。观察并比较两组患者自我管理、血压情况。结果比较干预前,两组患者干预后饮食、服药、工作与休息管理、情绪管理、病情监测、活动管理,得分均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预后观察组患者血压明显比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年高血压患者进行同伴支持联合情志疗法,可改善其血压,提高其自我管理的能力,有利于其生活质量的提高,值得临床应用。

健康教育与慢性病管理护理在社区老年高血压中的应用效果探讨

目的探讨健康教育与慢性病管理护理在社区老年高血压中的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月—2023年1月本院纳入的60例老年高血压患者,由抽签分组(30例/组),常规管理纳入对比组,联合管理(健康教育、慢病管理)纳入试验组,探究两组应用差异。结果试验组的SBP、DBP、SAS、SDS更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组血压正常范围、并发症、高危因素、健康生活方式等疾病认知水平评分更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组的戒烟酒、监测血压、饮食控制、规律用药、规律运动等自我管理良好率均更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论联合管理可以改善情绪,也可显著提高认知水平和自我管理水平,以显著降低血压,可获取更好的社区老年高血压管理效果。

椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉下手术的下肢骨折老年患者LDVT发生率比较

目的:比较椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉下手术对下肢骨折老年患者下肢深静脉血栓(LDVT)发生率的影响。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年1月在永城市人民医院接受手术治疗的90例下肢骨折老年患者,依据随机数字表将全部患者均分为对照组(全身麻醉)与观察组(椎管内麻醉),各45例。比较两组患者手术情况、术后恢复情况、麻醉情况、术中生命体征、术后48 h运动功能状态,统计术后LDVT与麻醉并发症发生率。结果:观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后床旁活动时间及住院时间均少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者麻醉生效时间、术后睁眼时间、语言陈述恢复时间、术中麻醉药物用量均少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者麻醉后10 min(T1)、术毕即刻(T2)时心率、平均动脉压均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后48 h的运动功能分级优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(Z=2.183,P<0.05);观察组患者术后LDVT发生率与麻醉不良反应总发生率均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉相比,能够有效降低下肢骨折老年患者术后LDVT发生风险。

斯金纳健康教育结合ABC情绪管理在中老年高血压病人中的应用

目的:探讨斯金纳健康教育结合ABC情绪管理模式对中老年高血压病人自我管理的效果。方法:采用方便抽样法选取2021年1月—2022年4月在某三级甲等医院高血压科住院治疗的220例中老年原发性高血压病人作为研究对象,采用单盲法、按照住院时间先后顺序将研究对象分为试验组和对照组,各110例。对照组给予常规健康教育,试验组在对照组的基础上,给予斯金纳健康教育结合ABC情绪管理模式,比较两组病人干预前、干预1个月、干预3个月、干预6个月后血压水平、疾病知识掌握程度、自我感受负担和自我管理行为。结果:剔除脱落病人,最终试验组纳入105例、对照组105例。重复测量方差分析结果显示,不考虑测量时间,两组病人的血压水平、知识掌握程度、自我感受负担、自我管理行为的主效应差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);不考虑分组,不同时间的两组病人的血压水平、知识掌握程度、自我感受负担、自我管理行为主效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);分组和时间因素存在交互效应,试验组和对照组在不同时间点血压水平、知识掌握程度、自我感受负担、自我管理行为变化趋势存在差异(P<0.001)。简单效应分析显示,干预1个月、3个月、6个月后试验组血压水平、知识掌握程度、自我感受负担、自我管理行为均优于对照组(P<0.001)。结论:将斯金纳健康教育结合ABC情绪管理模式应用于中老年高血压病人的健康教育,在降低病人血压的同时,有助于提高病人知识的掌握程度及对疾病的自我管理能力,减轻病人的自我感受负担。

基于功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理对高龄吞咽障碍病人的影响

目的:探讨基于功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理对高龄吞咽障碍病人的影响。方法:选取2022年1月—7月入住某三级甲等医院老年病科的高龄病人80例作为研究对象,由电脑产生随机序号对病人进行随机分组,对照组和干预组各40例。对照组采用常规治疗和护理方法,干预组实施基于功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理。比较两组病人吞咽功能康复疗效、营养状况、吞咽相关生活质量、鼻胃管留置率、吸入性肺炎发生率。结果:干预8周后,干预组病人吞咽功能康复疗效优于对照组;血清白蛋白为(39.24±1.89)g/L,血清前白蛋白为(0.24±0.03)g/L,均高于对照组[血清白蛋白为(37.65±1.82)g/L,血清前白蛋白为(0.21±0.03)g/L];吞咽相关生活质量得分为(144.90±5.87)分,高于对照组[(139.20±5.35)分];鼻胃管留置率为37.5%,吸入性肺炎发生率为5.0%,均低于对照组(鼻胃管留置率为67.5%,吸入性肺炎发生率为20.0%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对高龄吞咽障碍病人实施基于功能性经口摄食分级的吞咽管理,有利于病人吞咽功能恢复,改善其营养状况,降低病人鼻胃管留置率及吸入性肺炎发生率,提高病人的吞咽相关生活质量。

老年患者胆总管结石首次行sEST联合EPBD治疗的安全性分析

目的探讨老年胆总管结石患者首次行内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)治疗的临床效果和安全性。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2023年8月安徽理工大学第一附属医院收治的首次行内镜下逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)+内镜下乳头括约肌小切开术(sEST)+内镜下乳头球囊扩张术(EPBD)治疗的胆总管结石患者临床资料。根据患者年龄分为老年组和非老年组,老年组年龄≥70岁,非老年组年龄<70岁。对比两组胆总管结石患者临床资料,分析ERCP+sEST+EPBD治疗老年胆总管结石患者的临床效果和术后并发症。结果老年组患者在年龄、术前合并症、胆总管结石取净率和胆道支架上与非老年组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后并发症相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术前口服血小板药、插管次数≥2次比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年患者首次行ERCP+sEST+EPBD治疗胆总管结石是安全的,但胆总管结石取净率低于非老年组。对于术前口服血小板药和插管次数≥2次的患者,需警惕术后并发症的发生。