Objectives: Recent reports on venous blood gas analysis have shown that venous bicarbonate concentration is useful in the evaluation of the body acid-base status. Most of these reports have been based on the Bland-Alt...Objectives: Recent reports on venous blood gas analysis have shown that venous bicarbonate concentration is useful in the evaluation of the body acid-base status. Most of these reports have been based on the Bland-Altman analysis comparing arterial and venous blood gas values. We intended to elucidate any factors that decrease the agreement between venous and arterial bicarbonate concentrations, which might impair the usefulness of venous blood gas analysis. Methods: Healthy volunteers and patients with various diseases (n = 141) were evaluated by simultaneous arterial and venous blood sampling and Bland-Altman analysis. The venous-arterial bicarbonate concentration difference was compared between healthy volunteers and untreated respiratory alkalosis patients. Intentional hyperventilation (30 or 60 breaths/min, for 3 min) was also performed on 6 healthy volunteers and the venous-arterial bicarbonate concentration difference was evaluated. Results: The relative average bias in bicarbonate concentration was 2.00 mEq/l with venous bicarbonate higher than arterial bicarbonate with 95% limits of agreement of ±4.15 mEq/l. Hyperventilation challenges increased the venous-arterial bicarbonate concentration difference in an intensity-dependent manner. The venous-arterial bicarbonate concentration difference was higher in untreated respiratory alkalosis patients than in healthy volunteers (P Conclusion: Although venous bicarbonate may be useful to evaluate the body acid-base status, hyperventilation increases the venous-arterial bicarbonate concentration difference. Physicians should keep this phenomenon in mind.展开更多
Central neurogenic hyperventilation (CNH) is a rare condition and defined as a syndrome comprising normal or elevated arterial oxygen tension, decreased arterial carbon dioxide tension, respiratory alkalosis with hype...Central neurogenic hyperventilation (CNH) is a rare condition and defined as a syndrome comprising normal or elevated arterial oxygen tension, decreased arterial carbon dioxide tension, respiratory alkalosis with hyperventilation even during sleep, and the absence of a peripheral respiratory stimulus. The diagnosis of CNH requires the exclusion of pulmonary, cardiac, metabolic-immunological disorders and some medicines that can result in hyperventilation. We detailed the case of CNH in the 4th day after vascular surgery probably secondary to acute metabolic acidosis with hyperlactatemia, due to severe hypothyroidism in the context of critically ill patient.展开更多
氢氟烃(HFC)/氢氟烃和氢氟烃/碳氢(HC)混合物是两类重要的制冷工质。采用PR状态方程结合Horon-Vidal(HV)混合规则对7种HFC/HFC和7种HFC/HC二元混合物的气液相平衡性质进行了计算,并与PR状态方程结合van der Waals(vdW)混合规则的计算结...氢氟烃(HFC)/氢氟烃和氢氟烃/碳氢(HC)混合物是两类重要的制冷工质。采用PR状态方程结合Horon-Vidal(HV)混合规则对7种HFC/HFC和7种HFC/HC二元混合物的气液相平衡性质进行了计算,并与PR状态方程结合van der Waals(vdW)混合规则的计算结果进行了对比。结果表明,HFC/HFC体系组元性质比较接近,非理想性不强,vdW混合规则即可达到较理想计算效果,HV混合规则对计算精度的提升有限;对非理想性较强的HFC/HC体系,vdW混合规则对共沸性质的描述不够理想,HV混合规则可以显著提升相平衡的计算精度。展开更多
文摘Objectives: Recent reports on venous blood gas analysis have shown that venous bicarbonate concentration is useful in the evaluation of the body acid-base status. Most of these reports have been based on the Bland-Altman analysis comparing arterial and venous blood gas values. We intended to elucidate any factors that decrease the agreement between venous and arterial bicarbonate concentrations, which might impair the usefulness of venous blood gas analysis. Methods: Healthy volunteers and patients with various diseases (n = 141) were evaluated by simultaneous arterial and venous blood sampling and Bland-Altman analysis. The venous-arterial bicarbonate concentration difference was compared between healthy volunteers and untreated respiratory alkalosis patients. Intentional hyperventilation (30 or 60 breaths/min, for 3 min) was also performed on 6 healthy volunteers and the venous-arterial bicarbonate concentration difference was evaluated. Results: The relative average bias in bicarbonate concentration was 2.00 mEq/l with venous bicarbonate higher than arterial bicarbonate with 95% limits of agreement of ±4.15 mEq/l. Hyperventilation challenges increased the venous-arterial bicarbonate concentration difference in an intensity-dependent manner. The venous-arterial bicarbonate concentration difference was higher in untreated respiratory alkalosis patients than in healthy volunteers (P Conclusion: Although venous bicarbonate may be useful to evaluate the body acid-base status, hyperventilation increases the venous-arterial bicarbonate concentration difference. Physicians should keep this phenomenon in mind.
文摘Central neurogenic hyperventilation (CNH) is a rare condition and defined as a syndrome comprising normal or elevated arterial oxygen tension, decreased arterial carbon dioxide tension, respiratory alkalosis with hyperventilation even during sleep, and the absence of a peripheral respiratory stimulus. The diagnosis of CNH requires the exclusion of pulmonary, cardiac, metabolic-immunological disorders and some medicines that can result in hyperventilation. We detailed the case of CNH in the 4th day after vascular surgery probably secondary to acute metabolic acidosis with hyperlactatemia, due to severe hypothyroidism in the context of critically ill patient.
文摘氢氟烃(HFC)/氢氟烃和氢氟烃/碳氢(HC)混合物是两类重要的制冷工质。采用PR状态方程结合Horon-Vidal(HV)混合规则对7种HFC/HFC和7种HFC/HC二元混合物的气液相平衡性质进行了计算,并与PR状态方程结合van der Waals(vdW)混合规则的计算结果进行了对比。结果表明,HFC/HFC体系组元性质比较接近,非理想性不强,vdW混合规则即可达到较理想计算效果,HV混合规则对计算精度的提升有限;对非理想性较强的HFC/HC体系,vdW混合规则对共沸性质的描述不够理想,HV混合规则可以显著提升相平衡的计算精度。
