Let k be a field of characteristic p≠0.The main purpose of this paper is to extend the results and definitions of i-modularity that have already been estalished by Chellali and the present author when[k:k^(P)]is fini...Let k be a field of characteristic p≠0.The main purpose of this paper is to extend the results and definitions of i-modularity that have already been estalished by Chellali and the present author when[k:k^(P)]is finite to the case of finite irrationality degree extensions.A number of properties of i-modular extensions are determined and examples are presented illustrating the results.In particular,we characterize some special cases.展开更多
文中提出一种新型单级式隔离型模块化多电平级联变换器(isolated modular multilevel cascade converter,I-MMCC),其具有中压三相交流(medium voltage three-phase AC,MVAC_((T-P)))、中压单相交流(medium voltage single phase AC,MVAC...文中提出一种新型单级式隔离型模块化多电平级联变换器(isolated modular multilevel cascade converter,I-MMCC),其具有中压三相交流(medium voltage three-phase AC,MVAC_((T-P)))、中压单相交流(medium voltage single phase AC,MVAC_((S-P)))和低压直流(low voltage DC,LVDC)3种电压端口。该变换器可实现从LVDC到MVAC的单级式功率变换,MVAC_((T-P))与MVAC_((S-P))电压端口能够实现同频或变频的AC-AC功率自由变换,其单极性调制策略可避免隔离型AC-AC矩阵变换器双向开关管换流暂态过程中出现的电压尖峰等问题。首先,介绍I-MMCC子模块拓扑结构与调制策略,并建立子模块及单相I-MMCC平均等效数学模型;其次,分析MVAC_((T-P))与MVAC_((S-P))端口变频–变压工作原理、稳态功率与端口特性,对单相交流端口基于正交虚拟电路概念,建立控制模型,并推导出MVAC_((S-P))、MVAC_((T-P))端口功率约束关系。最后,通过搭建一套实验样机验证所提出拓扑结构的有效性和优越性。展开更多
Background： The modular hemipelvic prosthesis has been used in patient of Type I-IV pelvic tumor with good outcomes, but how to keep the stability between the prosthesis and the residual sacrum is a problem. An addit...Background： The modular hemipelvic prosthesis has been used in patient of Type I-IV pelvic tumor with good outcomes, but how to keep the stability between the prosthesis and the residual sacrum is a problem. An additional screw-rod system seems to solve it, but its biomechanical characters are still not well understood, which need experimental evaluation. Methods： Six pelvic specimens were prepared in three conditions （normal intact pelvis, ＂normal＂; the pelvis of left Type I-IV defect and implanted with prosthesis without/with additional screw-rod system, ＂rod-＂ and ＂rod＋＂）. Compressing biomechanical experiments （50-500N） were performed in these three conditions, respectively. Results： The loadings during the experiments are in accordance with the linear elastic control mode. Under the increasing loading, the implanted pelvises displaced asymmetrically, unlike normal intact pelvis. The vertical displacement of ＂rod＋＂ changed significantly, whereas ＂rod-＂ did not. For both implanted pelvis, right side displaced less than left side （P values 〈0.05）. Conclusions： The implanted pelvis showed asymmetric displacement under loading, where healthy side displaced more. The implanted pelvis plus screw-rod system showed less displacement at implanted side but more at contralateral side in comparison with those without screw-rod system.展开更多
针对基于模块化多电平换流器的柔性直流输电系统(modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current,MMC-HVDC),研究子模块故障发生后,桥臂子模块实际运行个数不对称情况下的运行特性,揭示其造成上、下桥臂电容电压基值...针对基于模块化多电平换流器的柔性直流输电系统(modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current,MMC-HVDC),研究子模块故障发生后,桥臂子模块实际运行个数不对称情况下的运行特性,揭示其造成上、下桥臂电容电压基值不对称、各次不对称环流、直流电流波动、交直流侧电压偏置、各桥臂电流直流分量不对称等故障机理。基于平衡上、下桥臂基频电压分量的思想,提出一种具有子模块故障容错能力的环流抑制控制器,其通过在传统二倍频比例谐振环流控制的基础上引入基频谐振控制器,以解决不对称桥臂引起的一系列不平衡问题。基于PSCAD/EMTDC搭建双端201电平MMC-HVDC系统,仿真结果验证了所提控制策略的有效性。展开更多
The purpose of this research is to give a dual description of conformal blocks of <i>d</i>=2 rational CFT (conformal field theory) in terms of Hecke eigenforms and eigensheaves. In particular, partition fu...The purpose of this research is to give a dual description of conformal blocks of <i>d</i>=2 rational CFT (conformal field theory) in terms of Hecke eigenforms and eigensheaves. In particular, partition functions, conformal characters and lattice theta functions may be reconstructed from the action of Hecke operators. This method can be applied to: 1) rings of integers of Galois number fields equipped with the trace (or anti-trace) form;2) root lattices of affine Kac-Moody algebras and WZW-models;3) minimal models of Belavin-Polyakov-Zamolodchikov and related <i>d</i>=2 spin-chain/lattice models;4) vertex algebras of Leech and Niemeier lattices and others. We also use the original Witten’s idea to construct the 3-dimensional quantum gravity as the AdS/CFT-dual of <i>c</i>=24 Monster vertex algebra of Frenkel-Lepowsky- Meurman. Concerning the geometric Langlands duality, we use results of Beilinson-Drinfeld, Frenkel-Ben-Zvi, Gukov-Kapustin-Witten and many others (<i>cf.</i> references). The main new result in this paper is the construction of number-theoretical lattice vertex superalgebras in Section 5 and applications to conformal field theories and quantum gravity.展开更多
文摘Let k be a field of characteristic p≠0.The main purpose of this paper is to extend the results and definitions of i-modularity that have already been estalished by Chellali and the present author when[k:k^(P)]is finite to the case of finite irrationality degree extensions.A number of properties of i-modular extensions are determined and examples are presented illustrating the results.In particular,we characterize some special cases.
文摘文中提出一种新型单级式隔离型模块化多电平级联变换器(isolated modular multilevel cascade converter,I-MMCC),其具有中压三相交流(medium voltage three-phase AC,MVAC_((T-P)))、中压单相交流(medium voltage single phase AC,MVAC_((S-P)))和低压直流(low voltage DC,LVDC)3种电压端口。该变换器可实现从LVDC到MVAC的单级式功率变换,MVAC_((T-P))与MVAC_((S-P))电压端口能够实现同频或变频的AC-AC功率自由变换,其单极性调制策略可避免隔离型AC-AC矩阵变换器双向开关管换流暂态过程中出现的电压尖峰等问题。首先,介绍I-MMCC子模块拓扑结构与调制策略,并建立子模块及单相I-MMCC平均等效数学模型;其次,分析MVAC_((T-P))与MVAC_((S-P))端口变频–变压工作原理、稳态功率与端口特性,对单相交流端口基于正交虚拟电路概念,建立控制模型,并推导出MVAC_((S-P))、MVAC_((T-P))端口功率约束关系。最后,通过搭建一套实验样机验证所提出拓扑结构的有效性和优越性。
文摘Background： The modular hemipelvic prosthesis has been used in patient of Type I-IV pelvic tumor with good outcomes, but how to keep the stability between the prosthesis and the residual sacrum is a problem. An additional screw-rod system seems to solve it, but its biomechanical characters are still not well understood, which need experimental evaluation. Methods： Six pelvic specimens were prepared in three conditions （normal intact pelvis, ＂normal＂; the pelvis of left Type I-IV defect and implanted with prosthesis without/with additional screw-rod system, ＂rod-＂ and ＂rod＋＂）. Compressing biomechanical experiments （50-500N） were performed in these three conditions, respectively. Results： The loadings during the experiments are in accordance with the linear elastic control mode. Under the increasing loading, the implanted pelvises displaced asymmetrically, unlike normal intact pelvis. The vertical displacement of ＂rod＋＂ changed significantly, whereas ＂rod-＂ did not. For both implanted pelvis, right side displaced less than left side （P values 〈0.05）. Conclusions： The implanted pelvis showed asymmetric displacement under loading, where healthy side displaced more. The implanted pelvis plus screw-rod system showed less displacement at implanted side but more at contralateral side in comparison with those without screw-rod system.
文摘针对基于模块化多电平换流器的柔性直流输电系统(modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current,MMC-HVDC),研究子模块故障发生后,桥臂子模块实际运行个数不对称情况下的运行特性,揭示其造成上、下桥臂电容电压基值不对称、各次不对称环流、直流电流波动、交直流侧电压偏置、各桥臂电流直流分量不对称等故障机理。基于平衡上、下桥臂基频电压分量的思想,提出一种具有子模块故障容错能力的环流抑制控制器,其通过在传统二倍频比例谐振环流控制的基础上引入基频谐振控制器,以解决不对称桥臂引起的一系列不平衡问题。基于PSCAD/EMTDC搭建双端201电平MMC-HVDC系统,仿真结果验证了所提控制策略的有效性。
文摘The purpose of this research is to give a dual description of conformal blocks of <i>d</i>=2 rational CFT (conformal field theory) in terms of Hecke eigenforms and eigensheaves. In particular, partition functions, conformal characters and lattice theta functions may be reconstructed from the action of Hecke operators. This method can be applied to: 1) rings of integers of Galois number fields equipped with the trace (or anti-trace) form;2) root lattices of affine Kac-Moody algebras and WZW-models;3) minimal models of Belavin-Polyakov-Zamolodchikov and related <i>d</i>=2 spin-chain/lattice models;4) vertex algebras of Leech and Niemeier lattices and others. We also use the original Witten’s idea to construct the 3-dimensional quantum gravity as the AdS/CFT-dual of <i>c</i>=24 Monster vertex algebra of Frenkel-Lepowsky- Meurman. Concerning the geometric Langlands duality, we use results of Beilinson-Drinfeld, Frenkel-Ben-Zvi, Gukov-Kapustin-Witten and many others (<i>cf.</i> references). The main new result in this paper is the construction of number-theoretical lattice vertex superalgebras in Section 5 and applications to conformal field theories and quantum gravity.
