Extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ) plaques are main pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease.However,the specific type of neuro ns that produce Aβ peptides in the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease are unknown.In...Extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ) plaques are main pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease.However,the specific type of neuro ns that produce Aβ peptides in the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease are unknown.In this study,we found that 5-hydroxytryptamin receptor 3A subunit(HTR3A) was highly expressed in the brain tissue of transgenic amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 mice(an Alzheimer’s disease model) and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.To investigate whether HTR3A-positive interneurons are associated with the production of Aβ plaques,we performed double immunostaining and found that HTR3A-positive interneurons were clustered around Aβ plaques in the mouse model.Some amyloid precursor protein-positive or β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1-positive neurites near Aβ plaques were co-localized with HTR3A interneurons.These results suggest that HTR3A-positive interneurons may partially contribute to the generation of Aβ peptides.We treated 5.0-5.5-month-old model mice with tro pisetron,a HTR3 antagonist,for 8 consecutive weeks.We found that the cognitive deficit of mice was partially reversed,Aβ plaques and neuroinflammation we re remarkably reduced,the expression of HTR3 was remarkably decreased and the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cell 4 signaling pathway was inhibited in treated model mice.These findings suggest that HTR3A interneurons partly contribute to generation of Aβ peptide at the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease and inhibiting HTR3 partly reve rses the pathological changes of Alzheimer’s disease.展开更多
Transient deformation,such as post-seismic slip,slow slip and pre-seismic slip events,is a limited lowfrequency deformation that can last for hours to months,in contrast to a sudden slip on a fault caused by earthquak...Transient deformation,such as post-seismic slip,slow slip and pre-seismic slip events,is a limited lowfrequency deformation that can last for hours to months,in contrast to a sudden slip on a fault caused by earthquakes.Continuous Global Positioning System(CGPS),one of the most common geodetic techniques for continuously monitoring crustal deformation,is capable of capturing transient deformation signals.A critical point in characterizing transient deformation signals is the development of extracting and deciphering transient deformation signals from a huge and messy data set of position time series.Principal Component Analysis(PCA),one of the data-driven methods,has been employed to derive transient deformation signals from position time series combing with Kalman filtering.Independent Component Analysis(ICA)performs well in recovering and separating the sources of observed data,however,it is rarely used in extracting transient deformation signals.We aim to decompose the transient deformation signals from the daily GPS observation deployed in Akutan Island from 2007 to 2015 with the ICA method and obtain the spatiotemporal responses to the source signals of transient deformation.Our results indicate that ICA method can also characterize effectively transient deformation signals spatially and temporally.Additionally,the independent relationship between sources obtained by ICA allows for flexibility in linearly combining different sources.展开更多
Solitons and bifurcations for the generalized Tzitzéica type equation are studied by using the theory of dynamical systems and Hamilton function. With the help of Maple and bifurcation theory of differential equa...Solitons and bifurcations for the generalized Tzitzéica type equation are studied by using the theory of dynamical systems and Hamilton function. With the help of Maple and bifurcation theory of differential equations, the bifurcation parameter conditions and all the bifurcation phase portraits are obtained. Because the same energy value of the Hamiltonian function is corresponding to the same orbit, thus the periodic wave solutions, bright soliton and dark soliton solutions are defined.展开更多
基金supported by the Notional Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81371213 and 8107098 7the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,No.21ZR1468400 (all to QLY)。
文摘Extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ) plaques are main pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease.However,the specific type of neuro ns that produce Aβ peptides in the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease are unknown.In this study,we found that 5-hydroxytryptamin receptor 3A subunit(HTR3A) was highly expressed in the brain tissue of transgenic amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 mice(an Alzheimer’s disease model) and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.To investigate whether HTR3A-positive interneurons are associated with the production of Aβ plaques,we performed double immunostaining and found that HTR3A-positive interneurons were clustered around Aβ plaques in the mouse model.Some amyloid precursor protein-positive or β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1-positive neurites near Aβ plaques were co-localized with HTR3A interneurons.These results suggest that HTR3A-positive interneurons may partially contribute to the generation of Aβ peptides.We treated 5.0-5.5-month-old model mice with tro pisetron,a HTR3 antagonist,for 8 consecutive weeks.We found that the cognitive deficit of mice was partially reversed,Aβ plaques and neuroinflammation we re remarkably reduced,the expression of HTR3 was remarkably decreased and the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cell 4 signaling pathway was inhibited in treated model mice.These findings suggest that HTR3A interneurons partly contribute to generation of Aβ peptide at the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease and inhibiting HTR3 partly reve rses the pathological changes of Alzheimer’s disease.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China projects(U2139205,42072243)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2023-JC-QN-0309)。
文摘Transient deformation,such as post-seismic slip,slow slip and pre-seismic slip events,is a limited lowfrequency deformation that can last for hours to months,in contrast to a sudden slip on a fault caused by earthquakes.Continuous Global Positioning System(CGPS),one of the most common geodetic techniques for continuously monitoring crustal deformation,is capable of capturing transient deformation signals.A critical point in characterizing transient deformation signals is the development of extracting and deciphering transient deformation signals from a huge and messy data set of position time series.Principal Component Analysis(PCA),one of the data-driven methods,has been employed to derive transient deformation signals from position time series combing with Kalman filtering.Independent Component Analysis(ICA)performs well in recovering and separating the sources of observed data,however,it is rarely used in extracting transient deformation signals.We aim to decompose the transient deformation signals from the daily GPS observation deployed in Akutan Island from 2007 to 2015 with the ICA method and obtain the spatiotemporal responses to the source signals of transient deformation.Our results indicate that ICA method can also characterize effectively transient deformation signals spatially and temporally.Additionally,the independent relationship between sources obtained by ICA allows for flexibility in linearly combining different sources.
文摘Solitons and bifurcations for the generalized Tzitzéica type equation are studied by using the theory of dynamical systems and Hamilton function. With the help of Maple and bifurcation theory of differential equations, the bifurcation parameter conditions and all the bifurcation phase portraits are obtained. Because the same energy value of the Hamiltonian function is corresponding to the same orbit, thus the periodic wave solutions, bright soliton and dark soliton solutions are defined.
