An Empirical Evaluation of the Impact of Moral and Law Course Teaching on the Effectiveness of University Students’Ideals and Beliefs Education

The Moral and Law course serves as a critical platform for educating university students about ideals and beliefs,and it has a significant impact on the effectiveness of ideals and beliefs education.This paper establishes a mechanism through which Moral and Law course teaching influences the effectiveness of ideals and beliefs education and conducts an empirical evaluation.The results reveal that factors such as the relevance and applicability of the teaching content,the integration of theory and practice,the innovation,interactivity,and participation of teaching methods,as well as classroom atmosphere,teaching facilities,and campus culture,all have a significant positive impact on the effectiveness of ideals and beliefs education for university students.

MRI IDEAL-IQ在2型糖尿病患者腹部脂肪量化中的应用价值

目的采用磁共振(MRI)非对称回波的最小二程估算法迭代水脂分离(IDEAL-IQ)技术评价2型糖尿病对腹部脂肪分布及内脏脂肪沉积的影响。方法前瞻性纳入温州医科大学附属第二医院29例健康志愿者(对照组)和39例2型糖尿病患者(2型糖尿病组),两组均进行3.0T磁共振IDEAL-IQ序列扫描,得到脂肪分数图像。在脂肪分数图像上测量两组右肝、椎体、两肾实质和肾窦以及胰腺的质子密度脂肪分数(PDFF)、腹腔内脂肪组织(VAT)面积和皮下脂肪组织(SAT)面积。比较两组PDFF、VAT面积和SAT面积。结果2型糖尿病组的右肝、胰腺、左肾窦、右肾窦和椎体的PDFF值均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。2型糖尿病组的VAT面积显著大于对照组[(105.47±7.12)cm^(2)vs(81.36±6.94)cm^(2),P=0.043],而两组SAT面积差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在所有参与者中,VAT面积分别与右肝、胰腺、椎体、左肾窦和右肾窦PDFF呈显著正相关。结论MRI IDEAL-IQ技术可以量化成人腹部脏器及结构的脂肪情况,2型糖尿病影响患者腹部脂肪分布并导致腹腔内脏脂肪沉积。

磁共振IDEAL-IQ序列定量分析腹腔内脏脂肪含量与2型糖尿病的关系

目的探讨腹腔内脏脂肪含量与糖尿病发生的关系,进而探讨其预测T2DM发病的可行性。方法收集行腹部3.0T MRI检查并有T2DM患者45例(T2DM组),对照组80例,应用IDEAL软件进行图像自动重组,获得脂肪分数(FF图)、弛豫率(R2*)、脂相、水相、同反相位图像。将FF图传至AW 4.6工作站,由两名观察者采用双盲法对FF图进行测量。应用ITK-SNAP软件采用阈值分割法半自动勾画腹腔内脏脂肪(VAT)及皮下脂肪组织(SAT),并计算体积。采用SPSS 26.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果(1)T2DM组的腹腔内脏脂肪组织体积(VATV)、肝脏脂肪分数(HFF)、胰腺脂肪分数(PFF)、甘油三酯(TG)及空腹血糖(FBG)均高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白(HDL)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)ROC曲线分析示:PFF判断是否患T2DM的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.656(P<0.01,95%CI:0.534~0.777),截断值为8.44%,敏感度为50%,特异度为82.5%;HFF判断是否患T2DM的AUC为0.744(P<0.05,95%CI:0.637~0.851),截断值、敏感度、特异度分别为2.99%、97.5%、42.5%。男性患者VATV判断T2DM的最佳阈值为3466 cm^(3),敏感度为63.2%,特异度为89.5%,AUC为0.78(P<0.01),联合SATV、PFF及HFF时,敏感度为78.9%,特异度为84.2%,AUC为0.839(P<0.01);女性患者利用VATV诊断T2DM的最佳阈值为2103 cm^(3),利用该阈值判断T2DM的敏感度为66.7%,特异度为66.7%,AUC为0.68(P<0.05),联合SATV、PFF及HFF时,敏感度为90.5%,特异度为76.2%,AUC为0.909(P<0.01)。(3)TG和FBG每增加1个单位,患T2DM的风险就分别提升了3986.3%及417.1%,即TG和FBG是T2DM发病的独立预测因子。结论PFF、HFF及VATV单独在预测T2DM发病方面,检验效能较低。VATV联合SATV、PFF、HFF预测T2DM发生的检验效能显著提高,其敏感度及特异度亦均明显提高。IDEAL-IQ技术是评估T2DM患者腹腔内异位脂肪组织沉积定量的便捷的方法,具有简单、稳定性好及重复性高的优势。

Analysis of Undergraduates' Ideal and Belief Education under the Perspective of New Media

As modern information technology has developed rapidly and deepened into the field of education and teaching day by day,its impact on undergraduates' life,learning,and ideas has become increasingly widespread and in-depth. On the basis of an empirical investigation,the development of undergraduates' ideological and moral concepts,ideals and beliefs in the Internet era were analyzed. Using modern new media to educate undergraduates about their ideals and beliefs is of great significance to strengthen ideological and political education in colleges and universities.

Evaluation of the effects of health education interventions for hypertensive patients based on the health belief model

BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke,and its prevalence is increasing worldwide.Health education interventions based on the health belief model(HBM)can improve the knowledge,attitudes,and behaviors of patients with hypertension and help them control their blood pressure.AIM To evaluate the effects of health education interventions based on the HBM in patients with hypertension in China.METHODS Between 2021 and 2023,140 patients with hypertension were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group.The intervention group received health education based on the HBM,including lectures,brochures,videos,and counseling sessions,whereas the control group received routine care.Outcomes were measured at baseline,three months,and six months after the intervention and included blood pressure,medication adherence,self-efficacy,and perceived benefits,barriers,susceptibility,and severity.RESULTS The intervention group had significantly lower systolic blood pressure[mean difference(MD):-8.2 mmHg,P<0.001]and diastolic blood pressure(MD:-5.1 mmHg,P=0.002)compared to the control group at six months.The intervention group also had higher medication adherence(MD:1.8,P<0.001),self-efficacy(MD:12.4,P<0.001),perceived benefits(MD:3.2,P<0.001),lower perceived barriers(MD:-2.6,P=0.001),higher perceived susceptibility(MD:2.8,P=0.002),and higher perceived severity(MD:3.1,P<0.001)than the control group at six months.CONCLUSION Health education interventions based on the HBM effectively improve blood pressure control and health beliefs in patients with hypertension and should be implemented in clinical practice and community settings.

A research on the ways to strengthen the ideals and beliefs of Young Party members in the New era

The first thing to solve is the major political problem of the ideals and beliefs of party members and leading cadres in order to create a new situation in the new great project of party building.In addition,young party members,as the reserve force in the new era,should pay more attention to the cultivation of ideals and beliefs.This research focuses on the research on ideal and belief education of young party members,traces the origin of classical Marxist writers,roughly summarizes the practice of ideal and belief education of Chinese Communists in the past 100 years since the founding of the Party.In addition,it analyzes the achievements and shortcomings of ideal and belief education of young party members in the new era.It intends to perfect the path of ideal and belief education for young party members in the new era as far as possible from the three aspects of building a solid theoretical basis for young party members'ideals and beliefs,broadening forms,and cultivating firm communist beliefs.

Exploring the Ideal and Belief Education of College Students from the Perspective of Positive Psychology

This article mainly explores the ideal and belief education of college students based on the perspective of positive psychology.This article first explains the current situation of college students' mental health education,further elaborates the important role of ideal and belief education based on positive psychology,and finally points out how to realize the ideal and belief education vision among college students in the perspective of positive psychology for reference of relevant personnel.

Study on the Ideal and Belief Education of College Students under the Background of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

As one of important groups with the most dynamic and creative ability in the current society, the important position of college students in the field of social development has lpeen self-evident： they have to strengthen their conviction of faith and dare to make innovations. Under the background of innovation and entrepreneurship, the implementation of ideal faith education among young college students is of broad and far-reaching significance.

Assessment of public perspectives and barriers towards dengue preventive practices using the Health Belief Model in Puducherry,India:A cross-sectional study

Objective:To assess the perspectives and barriers towards dengue preventive practices among the residents of Puducherry,India.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 300 households in Puducherry,using a population-proportionate(7:3)distribution from urban and rural areas by grid sampling.One adult interview per household was conducted and the participants were selected using a KISH grid.A semi-structured questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model(HBM)with additional questions on knowledge assessment was used.Knowledge was assessed based on the correctness of answers and the HBM scores were calculated on a 5-point Likert scale.Participants were categorized based on the median score under each domain.Logistic regression was used for adjusted analysis and models were built to predict the performances in each domain.Results:Four percent of the participants lacked basic knowledge regarding dengue transmission.While 208(69.3%)participants did not consider themselves at risk of contracting dengue within the next year,majority perceived dengue as a disease with low severity.Around 49.3%(148)were skeptical about the benefit of time and money spent on dengue prevention.Inadequate government efforts were stated as the major barrier(47.0%)and frequent reminders(142,47.3%)as the major cue to action.Age above 50 years(aOR 1.78,95%CI 1.04-3.06,P=0.037)and rural locality(aOR 2.68,95%CI 1.52-4.71,P=0.001)were found to be significantly associated with poor knowledge scores.Urban participants had a significantly higher chance to perceive low susceptibility as compared to the rural counterparts(aOR 1.74,95%CI 1.05-2.9,P=0.03).Participants with less than a high school education had low perceived benefits(aOR 2.46,95%CI 1.52-3.96,P<0.001)and low self-efficacy scores(aOR 2.66,95%CI 1.61-4.39,P<0.001).Conclusions:This study identifies key gaps in dengue prevention,including low perceived susceptibility,mild disease perception,limited knowledge of breeding sites,and overreliance on government efforts.Tailoring interventions to community needs,stratified to factors influencing the community perspectives can significantly improve dengue prevention efforts.

基于多端交互协同的“IDeal”智能社区终端开发与设计

智慧社区是通过各种智能技术和方式整合社区现有的各类服务资源,为社区业主提供便捷服务的新模式、新平台。为迎合市场需求和填补商场空缺,实现社区主要服务项目的数字化管理,“IDeal”智能社区终端采取多端交互协同的设计方案,从业主和社区管理人员2个方面进行设计,通过采取TCP/IP协议、部署云端服务器等,轻松实现了业主移动终端和管理人员PC端的实时交互。整体终端系统设计从实际出发,紧密贴合了物业管理服务和社区业主的需要,应用效果较好,克服了同类软件的弊端,提升了社区管理服务的数字化、智能化水平。

On the Optimal Initial Inner-Core Size for Tropical Cyclone Intensification: An Idealized Numerical Study

Recent observational and numerical studies have revealed the dependence of the intensification rate on the inner-core size of tropical cyclones(TCs). In this study, with the initial inner-core size(i.e., the radius of maximum wind—RMW)varied from 20–180 km in idealized simulations using two different numerical models, we found a nonmonotonic dependence of the lifetime maximum intensification rate(LMIR) on the inner-core size. Namely, there is an optimal innercore size for the LMIR of a TC. Tangential wind budget analysis shows that, compared to large TCs, small TCs have large inward flux of absolute vorticity due to large absolute vorticity inside the RMW. However, small TCs also suffer from strong lateral diffusion across the eyewall, which partly offsets the positive contribution from large inward flux of absolute vorticity. These two competing processes ultimately lead to the TC with an intermediate initial inner-core size having the largest LMIR. Results from sensitivity experiments show that the optimal size varies in the range of 40–120 km and increases with higher sea surface temperature, lower latitude, larger horizontal mixing length, and weaker initial TC intensity. The 40–120 km RMW corresponds to the inner-core size most commonly found for intensifying TCs in observations, suggesting the natural selection of initial TC size for intensification. This study highlights the importance of accurate representation of TC inner-core size to TC intensity forecasts by numerical weather prediction models.

Belief reliability:a scientific exploration of reliability engineering

This paper systematically introduces and reviews a scientific exploration of reliability called the belief reliability.Beginning with the origin of reliability engineering,the problems of present theories for reliability engineering are summarized as a query,a dilemma,and a puzzle.Then,through philosophical reflection,we introduce the theoretical solutions given by belief reliability theory,including scientific principles,basic equations,reliability science experiments,and mathematical measures.The basic methods and technologies of belief reliability,namely,belief reliability analysis,function-oriented belief reliability design,belief reliability evaluation,and several newly developed methods and technologies are sequentially elaborated and overviewed.Based on the above investigations,we summarize the significance of belief reliability theory and make some prospects about future research,aiming to promote the development of reliability science and engineering.

Improved Belief Propagation Decoder for LDPC-CRC-Polar Codes with Bit-Freezing

Though belief propagation bit-flip(BPBF)decoding improves the error correction performance of polar codes,it uses the exhaustive flips method to achieve the error correction performance of CA-SCL decoding,thus resulting in high decoding complexity and latency.To alleviate this issue,we incorporate the LDPC-CRC-Polar coding scheme with BPBF and propose an improved belief propagation decoder for LDPC-CRC-Polar codes with bit-freezing(LDPCCRC-Polar codes BPBFz).The proposed LDPCCRC-Polar codes BPBFz employs the LDPC code to ensure the reliability of the flipping set,i.e.,critical set(CS),and dynamically update it.The modified CS is further utilized for the identification of error-prone bits.The proposed LDPC-CRC-Polar codes BPBFz obtains remarkable error correction performance and is comparable to that of the CA-SCL(L=16)decoder under medium-to-high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)regions.It gains up to 1.2dB and 0.9dB at a fixed BLER=10-4compared with BP and BPBF(CS-1),respectively.In addition,the proposed LDPC-CRC-Polar codes BPBFz has lower decoding latency compared with CA-SCL and BPBF,i.e.,it is 15 times faster than CA-SCL(L=16)at high SNR regions.

IDEAL-IQ序列在冈上肌腱损伤后肩袖肌群脂肪浸润定量评估中的应用

目的采用非对称采集与迭代最小二乘估算法迭代水脂分离(iteraterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation quantitation,IDEAL-IQ)方法定量评估冈上肌腱损伤的严重程度与肩袖肌群脂肪浸润程度及受试者特征之间的关系。材料与方法回顾性分析2022年8月至2024年6月本院经肩关节镜证实的33例冈上肌腱部分撕裂患者及89例完全撕裂患者,均进行了常规MRI扫描及IDEAL-IQ序列扫描。由两名放射科医生分别对所有受试者的MRI图像进行独立评估,根据常规MRI图像的冈上肌腱损伤表现,将完全撕裂组的冈上肌腱按照Patte分型分为Patte 1型(Ⅱ级)、Patte 2型(Ⅲ级)、Patte 3型(Ⅳ级),将部分撕裂组定义为Ⅰ级。同时在斜矢状位上进行Goutallier分级及Thomazeau萎缩分级,并通过GE ADW 4.7工作站后处理软件在IDEAL-IQ序列生成的脂肪分数图像上测量冈上肌、冈下肌、肩胛下肌及小圆肌脂肪分数(fat fraction,FF)。用组内相关系数(intra-class correlation coefficient,ICC)及Kappa一致性检验评估观察者间及观察者内的一致性。采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验、单因素ANOVA检验分析FF值在不同分组之间的差异,组间两两比较用Bonferroni检验。采用Pear_(s)on相关性分析肩袖肌肉FF值与年龄、症状持续时间的相关性(相关系数r),Spearman相关性分析冈上肌腱损伤分级与肩袖肌群FF值、Goutallier分级及Thomazeau萎缩分级之间的相关性(相关系数r_(s))。结果(1)冈上肌、冈下肌、肩胛下肌的FF值在冈上肌腱损伤Ⅳ级中显著高于Ⅲ级,高于Ⅱ级和Ⅰ级,差异有统计学意义(P值分别为<0.001、<0.001、0.005);小圆肌的FF值在不同分级之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.073)。组内比较Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级的冈上肌、冈下肌、肩胛下肌、小圆肌FF值差异无统计学意义(P值分别为0.026、0.102);Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级的FF值差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。(2)冈上肌、冈下肌、小圆肌的FF值与年龄呈中等相关(r值分别为0.381、0.339、0.349,P均<0.001),肩胛下肌的FF值与年龄呈弱相关(r=0.216,P=0.017);冈上肌、冈下肌、肩胛下肌FF值与症状持续时间呈中等程度相关(r分别为0.442、0.412、0.314,P均<0.001),小圆肌的FF值与症状持续时间呈弱相关(r=0.277,P=0.002);冈上肌腱损伤程度与冈上肌FF值呈显著相关(r_(s)=0.740,P<0.001),与冈下肌的FF值呈强相关性(r_(s)=0.596,P<0.001),与肩胛下肌、小圆肌的FF值呈弱相关(r_(s)分别为0.257、0.212,P值分别为0.004、0.019);冈上肌损伤程度分级与Goutallier分级、Thomazeau分级之间呈显著正相关(r_(s)分别为0.757、0.737,P均<0.001),且冈上肌FF值在Goutallier和Thomazeau的分级中差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。结论3.0 T MR IDEAL-IQ序列能量化和客观评估肩袖肌群脂肪浸润程度,肩袖肌群脂肪浸润程度与冈上肌腱损伤分级呈正相关,与年龄、症状持续时间呈正相关。

Heterogeneous information fusion recognition method based on belief rule structure

To solve the problem that the existing situation awareness research focuses on multi-sensor data fusion,but the expert knowledge is not fully utilized,a heterogeneous informa-tion fusion recognition method based on belief rule structure is proposed.By defining the continuous probabilistic hesitation fuzzy linguistic term sets(CPHFLTS)and establishing CPHFLTS distance measure,the belief rule base of the relationship between feature space and category space is constructed through information integration,and the evidence reasoning of the input samples is carried out.The experimental results show that the proposed method can make full use of sensor data and expert knowledge for recognition.Compared with the other methods,the proposed method has a higher correct recognition rate under different noise levels.

The Role of Beliefs, Perception, and Behavioral Patterns in the Evolution of Psychophysical Disorders

In accounts of the development and progression of psychophysical disorders such as Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP) and Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy (FSHD), the role of beliefs, perceptions, and behavioral patterns has often been overlooked in favor of a genetically determinist paradigm. This paper explores the impact of NeuroPhysics Treatment (NPT) on patients with HSP and FSHD. Through a series of clinical case reports, I demonstrate how intensive four-day NPT sessions can lead to rapid restoration of lost functions, challenging the conventional view of these disorders. I hypothesize that, by modulating the patient’s perceptual and behavioral frameworks, NPT facilitates the emergence of healthier patterns, suggesting that environmental and psychological factors significantly influence the manifestation and management of these conditions. These findings indicate that the role of genetic inheritance may be overstated and that beliefs and perceptions could play a crucial role in the evolution of psychophysical disorders. The implications of this research extend beyond the traditional treatment paradigms, advocating for a more holistic approach that integrates the psychophysical dimensions of health and challenges the deterministic perspective of genetic inheritance.

INCOMPRESSIBLE LIMIT OF IDEAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS IN A DOMAIN WITH BOUNDARIES

We study the incompressible limit of classical solutions to compressible ideal magneto-hydrodynamics in a domain with a flat boundary.The boundary condition is characteristic and the initial data is general.We first establish the uniform existence of classical solutions with respect to the Mach number.Then,we prove that the solutions converge to the solution of the incompressible MHD system.In particular,we obtain a stronger convergence result by using the dispersion of acoustic waves in the half space.

Improved Segmented Belief Propagation List Decoding for Polar Codes with Bit-Flipping

Belief propagation list(BPL) decoding for polar codes has attracted more attention due to its inherent parallel nature. However, a large gap still exists with CRC-aided SCL(CA-SCL) decoding.In this work, an improved segmented belief propagation list decoding based on bit flipping(SBPL-BF) is proposed. On the one hand, the proposed algorithm makes use of the cooperative characteristic in BPL decoding such that the codeword is decoded in different BP decoders. Based on this characteristic, the unreliable bits for flipping could be split into multiple subblocks and could be flipped in different decoders simultaneously. On the other hand, a more flexible and effective processing strategy for the priori information of the unfrozen bits that do not need to be flipped is designed to improve the decoding convergence. In addition, this is the first proposal in BPL decoding which jointly optimizes the bit flipping of the information bits and the code bits. In particular, for bit flipping of the code bits, a H-matrix aided bit-flipping algorithm is designed to enhance the accuracy in identifying erroneous code bits. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the errorcorrection performance of BPL decoding for medium and long codes. It is more than 0.25 d B better than the state-of-the-art BPL decoding at a block error rate(BLER) of 10^(-5), and outperforms CA-SCL decoding in the low signal-to-noise(SNR) region for(1024, 0.5)polar codes.

Integrating the health belief model into health education programs in a clinical setting

The article demonstrates that health belief model(HBM)-based health education in hypertensive patients effectively improves blood pressure control and medication adherence at 3 months and 6 months.The HBM addresses perceived barriers,benefits,susceptibility,severity,and self-efficacy,leading to better health behaviors.HBM-based education has been effective in various contexts,including managing chronic diseases,promoting cancer screenings,and preventing infectious diseases.However,the model has limitations,such as cultural applicability and addressing complex health behaviors influenced by environmental factors.Future research should integrate HBM with other theories and conduct longitudinal studies to assess long-term impacts.Despite these limitations,HBM-based education significantly improves patient outcomes,highlighting its potential in health education and promotion when appropriately adapted and implemented.This reinforces the model's value in designing effective health interventions and advancing public health.

Accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using belief rule base

A new approach is proposed in this study for accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using the belief rule base(BRB).Firstly,a capability evaluation model is constructed and optimized.Then,the key sub-capabilities are identified by quantitatively calculating the contributions made by each sub-capability to the overall capability.Finally,the overall capability is improved by optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.The theoretical contributions of the proposed approach are as follows.(i)An interpretable capability evaluation model is constructed by employing BRB which can provide complete access to decision-makers.(ii)Key sub-capabilities are identified according to the quantitative contribution analysis results.(iii)Accountable capability improvement is carried out by only optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.Case study results show that“Surveillance”,“Positioning”,and“Identification”are identified as key sub-capabilities with a summed contribution of 75.55%in an analytical and deducible fashion based on the interpretable capability evaluation model.As a result,the overall capability is improved by optimizing only the identified key sub-capabilities.The overall capability can be greatly improved from 59.20%to 81.80%with a minimum cost of 397.Furthermore,this paper also investigates how optimizing the BRB with more collected data would affect the evaluation results:only optimizing“Surveillance”and“Positioning”can also improve the overall capability to 81.34%with a cost of 370,which thus validates the efficiency of the proposed approach.