The paper examines the root causes of Japan＇s rapid shift to foreign policy activism. To explain the causes, I develop the so-called ＂perverse political accountability＂ approach. Specifically, the approach claims t...The paper examines the root causes of Japan＇s rapid shift to foreign policy activism. To explain the causes, I develop the so-called ＂perverse political accountability＂ approach. Specifically, the approach claims that a growing security challenge from China and North Korea, and US policy favoring Japan＇s foreign policy activism structure. Japan＇s domestic political condition that the majority of Japanese people become more conservative and nationalistic. Such shift in the Japanese people＇s preference has been both creating and reinforcing a perverse accountability by which the leaders or parties willing to adopt hard-line foreign policies are better off electorally while the leaders or parties remaining soft-line on foreign affairs are worse off. The perverse accountability not only leads to a severe partisan imbalance between the conservative parties and the leftist parties, but also gives the most conservative party, e.g., the Liberal Democratic Party （LDP）, a greater chance of coming to office and of pursuing assertive foreign policy they favor. Thus, the perverse accountability is at the center of current Japan＇s turn to foreign policy activism. This finding contributes to an enhanced understanding for Japan＇s shift to assertive foreign policy.展开更多
Nowadays,colleges and universities have a large amount of information about political thought and education in addition to complex student data.Like big data,it has the characteristics of large capacity,high speed,and...Nowadays,colleges and universities have a large amount of information about political thought and education in addition to complex student data.Like big data,it has the characteristics of large capacity,high speed,and diversity.The ideological and political education in colleges and universities urgently needs scientific decision-making and the ability to predict possible problems ahead of time.It also perfectly matches the technical advantages of big data technology that can efficiently process data,analyze and extract information,as well as propose solutions.The traditional higher education model can no longer meet the needs of current international higher education.Under the new background,universities must explore a new model of postgraduate international education,which is practical,multi-channel,and comprehensive,on a deeper level.According to data on graduate students’interest,psychology,and behavior,higher education teachers can purposefully innovate the methods and approaches to higher education.The integration of international graduate education with big data has been examined in this research,and a series of cultural exchanges has been carried out for foreign students at Central South University.This kind of introduction seems to have effectively boosted the attractiveness of ideological and political education,improved the research level of international graduate students,and deepened the role of campus cultural activities in educating people on a deeper level.展开更多
Putting forward bills and proposals is the right of people’s deputies endowed by law and the Constitution and one of the important ways for them to participate in the management of state affairs on behalf of the peop...Putting forward bills and proposals is the right of people’s deputies endowed by law and the Constitution and one of the important ways for them to participate in the management of state affairs on behalf of the people. It is also one of the major channels to voice the popular feelings and wills. With the deepening of democracy and legal construction in recent years, people’s deputies have become more conscious of participating in state manage-展开更多
1. Political Entrepreneurial Activities Polsby(1984) put forward the concept of ' political entrepreneur' in the case of political power and defines it as the group finishing the allocation of resources in pol...1. Political Entrepreneurial Activities Polsby(1984) put forward the concept of ' political entrepreneur' in the case of political power and defines it as the group finishing the allocation of resources in policy domain. Magnus and Tino(2010) refers that political entrepreneurs are the human with high sensitivity to business and high capability of integration. These activities aiming at altering institutions are categorized as' political entrepreneurial activities'.展开更多
文摘The paper examines the root causes of Japan＇s rapid shift to foreign policy activism. To explain the causes, I develop the so-called ＂perverse political accountability＂ approach. Specifically, the approach claims that a growing security challenge from China and North Korea, and US policy favoring Japan＇s foreign policy activism structure. Japan＇s domestic political condition that the majority of Japanese people become more conservative and nationalistic. Such shift in the Japanese people＇s preference has been both creating and reinforcing a perverse accountability by which the leaders or parties willing to adopt hard-line foreign policies are better off electorally while the leaders or parties remaining soft-line on foreign affairs are worse off. The perverse accountability not only leads to a severe partisan imbalance between the conservative parties and the leftist parties, but also gives the most conservative party, e.g., the Liberal Democratic Party （LDP）, a greater chance of coming to office and of pursuing assertive foreign policy they favor. Thus, the perverse accountability is at the center of current Japan＇s turn to foreign policy activism. This finding contributes to an enhanced understanding for Japan＇s shift to assertive foreign policy.
基金“Comparative Study of the Cultivation of Chinese-English Translation Ability in China Mainland,Hong Kong SAR,and China Taiwan”of Hunan Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Foundation(Project Number:18JD71)The Postgraduate Civics Courses Construction Project of Central South University,“Research on the Quality of Curriculum Civics for International Postgraduates.”+1 种基金The Central South University Graduate Course Ideological and Political Construction Project,“Curriculum Ideological and Political Quality Improvement Research for International Graduate Students”(Project Number:2021JY089)The Central South University Education Reform Research Project,“Online Learning Evaluation System for Continuing Education”(Project Number:2021JY204).
文摘Nowadays,colleges and universities have a large amount of information about political thought and education in addition to complex student data.Like big data,it has the characteristics of large capacity,high speed,and diversity.The ideological and political education in colleges and universities urgently needs scientific decision-making and the ability to predict possible problems ahead of time.It also perfectly matches the technical advantages of big data technology that can efficiently process data,analyze and extract information,as well as propose solutions.The traditional higher education model can no longer meet the needs of current international higher education.Under the new background,universities must explore a new model of postgraduate international education,which is practical,multi-channel,and comprehensive,on a deeper level.According to data on graduate students’interest,psychology,and behavior,higher education teachers can purposefully innovate the methods and approaches to higher education.The integration of international graduate education with big data has been examined in this research,and a series of cultural exchanges has been carried out for foreign students at Central South University.This kind of introduction seems to have effectively boosted the attractiveness of ideological and political education,improved the research level of international graduate students,and deepened the role of campus cultural activities in educating people on a deeper level.
文摘Putting forward bills and proposals is the right of people’s deputies endowed by law and the Constitution and one of the important ways for them to participate in the management of state affairs on behalf of the people. It is also one of the major channels to voice the popular feelings and wills. With the deepening of democracy and legal construction in recent years, people’s deputies have become more conscious of participating in state manage-
文摘1. Political Entrepreneurial Activities Polsby(1984) put forward the concept of ' political entrepreneur' in the case of political power and defines it as the group finishing the allocation of resources in policy domain. Magnus and Tino(2010) refers that political entrepreneurs are the human with high sensitivity to business and high capability of integration. These activities aiming at altering institutions are categorized as' political entrepreneurial activities'.
