Lorentz force electrical impedance tomography using pulse compression technique

Lorentz force electrical impedance tomography （LFEIT） combines ultrasound stimulation and electromagnetic field detection with the goal of creating a high contrast and high resolution hybrid imaging modality. In this study, pulse compression working together with a linearly frequency modulated ultrasound pulse was investigated in LFEIT. Experiments were done on agar phantoms having the same level of electrical conductivity as soft biological tissues. The results showed that：（i） LFEIT using pulse compression could detect the location of the electrical conductivity variations precisely; （ii） LFEIT using pulse compression could get the same performance of detecting electrical conductivity variations as the traditional LFEIT using high voltage narrow pulse but reduce the peak stimulating power to the transducer by 25.5 dB; （iii） axial resolution of 1 mm could be obtained using modulation frequency bandwidth 2 MHz.

Space debris tracking based on fuzzy running Gaussian average adaptive particle filter track-before-detect algorithm

Although tracking with a passive optical telescope is a powerful technique for space debris observation, it is limited by its sensitivity to dynamic background noise. Traditionally, in the field of astronomy, static background subtraction based on a median image technique has been used to extract moving space objects prior to the tracking operation, as this is computationally efficient. The main disadvantage of this technique is that it is not robust to variable illumination conditions. In this article, we propose an approach for tracking small and dim space debris in the context of a dynamic background via one of the optical telescopes that is part of the space surveillance network project, named the Asia- Pacific ground-based Optical Space Observation System or APOSOS. The approach combines a fuzzy running Gaussian average for robust moving-object extraction with dim-target tracking using a particle- filter-based track-before-detect method. The performance of the proposed algorithm is experimentally evaluated, and the results show that the scheme achieves a satisfactory level of accuracy for space debris tracking.

A quick and effective multivariate statistical strategy for imaging mass spectrometry

A new multivariate statistical strategy for analyzing large datasets that are produced by imaging mass spectrometry（IMS） techniques is reported.The strategy divides the whole datacube of the sample into several subsets and analyses them one by one to obtain the results.Instead of analyzing the whole datacube at one time,the strategy makes the analysis easier and decreases the computation time greatly.In this report,the IMS data are produced by the air flow-assisted ionization IMS（AFAI-IMS）.The strategy can be used in combination with most multivariate statistical analysis methods.In this paper,the strategy was combined with the principal component analysis（PCA） and partial least square analysis（PLS）.It was proven to be effective by analyzing the handwriting sample.By using the strategy,the m/z corresponding to the specific lipids in rat brain tissue were distinguished successfully.Moreover the analysis time grew linearly instead of exponentially as the size of sample increased.The strategy developed in this study has enormous potential for searching for the mjz of potential biomarkers quickly and effectively.

Gate-to-body tunneling current model for silicon-on-insulator MOSFETs

A gate-to-body tunneling current model for silicon-on-insulator （SOl） devices is simulated. As verified by the mea- sured data, the model, considering both gate voltage and drain voltage dependence as well as image force-induced barrier low effect, provides a better prediction of the tunneling current and gate-induced floating body effect than the BSIMSOI4 model. A delayed gate-induced floating body effect is also predicted by the model.

Examining Mediating Role of Customer Loyalty for Influence of Brand Related Attributes on Customer Repurchase Intention

The objective of current study was to investigate the influence of brand related attributes on customer loyalty and repurchase intention in agricultural product marketing in Pakistan. Results of current study would help the management of branded agricultural products, in Pakistan specifically and in developing countries generally, to formulate the best strategies to enhance customer loyalty in order to induce repurchase intention of them. Future research could be conducted in the same field by adopting larger sample size and this research can be replicated with specific product category.

Effects of light intensity on reflective ghost imaging

In this letter, we analyze the effects of light intensity find that the brightness of reflective ghost image can on reflective ghost imaging with thermal source. We be changed by modulating the light intensity of the source and the splitting ratio of the beam splitter. The signal-to-noise ratio will be improved by increa.sing the light intensity of the source. More important, we can obtain the reflective ghost image with high image quality by adopting a low light intensity signal beam and a high light intensity reference beam, which is better than the classical optical imaging, because it can reduce the effects of light on the object.

Improved preprocessed Yaroslavsky filter based on shearlet features

An improved preprocessed Yaroslavsky filter（IPYF）is proposed to avoid the nick effects and obtain a better denoising result when the noise variance is unknown.Different from its predecessors,the similarity between two pixels is calculated by shearlet features.The feature vector consists of initial denoised results by the non-subsampled shearlet transform hard thresholding（NSST-HT）and NSST coefficients,which can help allocate the averaging weights more reasonably.With the correct estimated noise variance,the NSST-HT can provide good denoised results as the initial estimation and high-frequency coefficients contribute large weights to preserve textures.In case of the incorrect estimated noise variance,the low-frequency coefficients will mitigate the nick effect in cartoon regions greatly,making the IPYF more robust than the original PYF.Detailed experimental results show that the IPYF is a very competitive method based on a comprehensive consideration involving peak signal to noise ratio（PSNR）,computing time,visual quality and method noise.

Electrical Homo-Junction Delineation Techniques: A Comparative Study

In active semiconductor devices, the junction characteristics are critical for the electrical performance. As an alternative of the atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based electrical techniques which provide unique junction characterization, other methods are dedicated for the delineation of the electrical junction such as the wet chemical etching, the electrochemical plating method, the Seebeck effect imaging (SEI) method, the electron-beam induced current (EBIC) technique and the secondary electron potential contrast (SEPC) method. The aim of this paper is in the one hand to compare these five techniques in term of sample preparation, spatial application range, spatial resolution, simplicity and information displayed. In the other hand, this review aims to provide some guidelines for the appropriate delineation method(s) selection. It was confirmed that chemical based techniques are the simplest junction delineation methods but exhibit some drawbacks in term of spatial resolution and reproducibility. Despite of a limited spatial resolution, it was evidenced that EBIC can provide accurate electrical characterization of the junction. Finally, it was demonstrated that SEPC is the most promising technique providing the higher spatial resolution. The effect of the sample preparation method has been described. Even if the comparison was mainly based on homo-micro-Silicon junctions (n-p and n-p-n-p), the results were also discussed for short SiC junctions. The importance of the analysis context was considered in this paper and analysis flow was suggested for specific analysis cases.

Simple and effective method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of compressive imaging

This Letter presents a simple and effective method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） of compressing imaging. The main principles of the proposed method are the correlation of the image signals and the randomness of the noise. Multiple low SNR images are reconstructed firstly by the compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm, and then two-dimensional time delay integration technology is adopted to improve the SNR. Results show that the proposed method can improve the SNR performance efficiently and it is easy to apply the a lgorithm to the real project.

An effective graph and depth layer based RGB-D image foreground object extraction method

We consider the extraction of accurate silhouettes of foreground objects in combined color image and depth map data.This is of relevance for applications such as altering the contents of a scene,or changing the depths of contents for display purposes in 3DTV,object detection,or scene understanding.To

Investigation of high resolution compact gamma camera module based on a continuous scintillation crystal using a novel charge division readout method

The objective of this study is to investigate a high performance and lower cost compact gamma camera module for a multi-head small animal SPECT system. A compact camera module was developed using a thin Lutetium Oxyorthosilicate （LSO） scintillation crystal slice coupled to a Hamamatsu H8500 position sensitive photomultiplier tube （PSPMT）. A two-stage charge division readout board based on a novel subtractive resistive readout with a truncated center-of-gravity （TCOG） positioning method was developed for the camera. The performance of the camera was evaluated using a flood 99roTe source with a four-quadrant bar-mask phantom. The preliminary experimental results show that the image shrinkage problem associated with the conventional resistive readout can be effectively overcome by the novel subtractive resistive readout with an appropriate fraction subtraction factor. The response output area （ROA） of the camera shown in the flood image was improved up to 34%, and an intrinsic spatial resolution better than 2 mm of detector was achieved. In conclusion, the utilization of a continuous scintillation crystal and a flat-panel PSPMT equipped with a novel subtractive resistive readout is a feasible approach for developing a high performance and lower cost compact gamma camera.

Investigation of Portevin–Le Chatelier Band Strain and Elastic Shrinkage in Al-Based Alloys Associated with Mg Contents

The Portevin–Le Chatelier（PLC） effect in Al–2.30wt%Mg, Al–4.57wt%Mg and Al–6.91wt%Mg alloys has been investigated at various applied strain rates at room temperature in this study. Three-dimensional digital image correlation（3D-DIC） technique was applied to obtaining the further insight into the spatiotemporal characteristics, in particular the influence of Mg content on deformation behaviors. Mg content has a pronounced effect on serration characteristics, including the serration type and amplitude; Mg content tends to weaken the spatial correlation of the propagative bands. Additionally, the serration amplitude linearly increases with the maximum PLC band strain; high Mg content generates a higher PLC band strain at a given serration amplitude compared with low Mg content. Mg content is found to be effective to enhance the serration amplitude, the maximum PLC band strain and also the amount of elastic shrinkage outside PLC bands.