supported by the Public Welfare Industry Research Project, Ministry of Agriculture of China （201203098）;the Harbin Applied Technology Research and Development Project, China （Youth Reserve Talents Class A： 2015RAQ...supported by the Public Welfare Industry Research Project, Ministry of Agriculture of China （201203098）;the Harbin Applied Technology Research and Development Project, China （Youth Reserve Talents Class A： 2015RAQYJ009）展开更多
为明确甲氧咪草烟、三氟羧草醚的联合作用效果和25%甲氧咪草烟·三氟羧草醚可溶性液剂对花生田杂草的防除效果以及对花生的安全性。采用茎叶喷雾法测定2种除草剂室内联合作用类型,并对筛选的25%甲氧咪草烟·三氟羧草醚可溶性液...为明确甲氧咪草烟、三氟羧草醚的联合作用效果和25%甲氧咪草烟·三氟羧草醚可溶性液剂对花生田杂草的防除效果以及对花生的安全性。采用茎叶喷雾法测定2种除草剂室内联合作用类型,并对筛选的25%甲氧咪草烟·三氟羧草醚可溶性液剂进行田间药效试验。结果表明,甲氧咪草烟、三氟羧草醚以1∶4复配对花生田一年生杂草狗尾草、马齿苋的联合作用表现为增效作用,25%甲氧咪草烟·三氟羧草醚可溶性液剂的推荐使用剂量为187.5~225.0 g a.i./hm^(2),药后45 d对狗尾草、稗、马齿苋等杂草的总鲜重防效可达到93.53%~96.65%。表明甲氧咪草烟、三氟羧草醚复配互补性强,对狗尾草、稗、马齿苋等杂草增效作用明显,25%甲氧咪草烟·三氟羧草醚可溶性液剂能够有效防除花生田一年生杂草,并对花生安全。展开更多
Sponge plant is an emerging threat that has spread throughout California including the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, which is an important water resource for agriculture as well as critical habitat for a variety of th...Sponge plant is an emerging threat that has spread throughout California including the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, which is an important water resource for agriculture as well as critical habitat for a variety of threatened and endangered species. More data are needed on effective control methods for this spreading invader, as current management practices are not preventing proliferation. The overall objectives of this research were to evaluate imazamox, penoxsulam, topramezone, florpyrauxifen-benzyl, and carfentrazone-ethyl for control of sponge plant using three testing scales, as well as compare image analysis software to traditional biomass response for measuring herbicide performance. Overall, 280 g imazamox ha−1 (with one-percent methylated seed oil surfactant) was found as a potent solution for all different growth stages of sponge plant, and 70 g penoxsulam ha−1 as an alternative for control of sponge plant in the seedling and rosette growth stage. The image analysis software yielded similar measurement of herbicide effects as traditional biomass measure. Mesocosm testing indicated imazamox treatment sites should be inspected at four week intervals to identify plants missed by prior applications. This research provides water resource managers critical information for identification of an aquatic invasive species, and selecting an effective rapid management program.展开更多
建立了液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)同时检测黄豆中丙硫菌唑及甲氧咪草烟的方法。黄豆样品经乙腈提取,用氯化钠盐析,提取液过Envi-Carb/DSC-SAX柱净化,净化液用2 m L甲醇定容,采用LC-MS/MS测定。采用乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液进行梯度洗脱...建立了液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)同时检测黄豆中丙硫菌唑及甲氧咪草烟的方法。黄豆样品经乙腈提取,用氯化钠盐析,提取液过Envi-Carb/DSC-SAX柱净化,净化液用2 m L甲醇定容,采用LC-MS/MS测定。采用乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液进行梯度洗脱,在电喷雾-多反应监测离子模式下进行定性与定量分析。丙硫菌唑和甲氧咪草烟在添加量为0.2 mg/kg和0.4 mg/kg的添加浓度时回收率为83.1%~93.1%,相对标准偏差小于6.0%,方法定量限分别为0.1 mg/kg、1.0 mg/kg。展开更多
[目的]明确甲氧咪草烟对耐咪唑啉酮类除草剂水稻金粳818的后茬作物生长的影响。[方法]采用室内模拟大田的方法评价甲氧咪草烟的土壤残留对水稻后茬作物大麦、小麦、油菜及小青菜的萌发率、株鲜质量及株高影响,通过大田药效试验测定其残...[目的]明确甲氧咪草烟对耐咪唑啉酮类除草剂水稻金粳818的后茬作物生长的影响。[方法]采用室内模拟大田的方法评价甲氧咪草烟的土壤残留对水稻后茬作物大麦、小麦、油菜及小青菜的萌发率、株鲜质量及株高影响,通过大田药效试验测定其残留对小麦的安全性。[结果]当甲氧咪草烟剂量为50 g a.i./hm^(2),药后0 d土壤种植的油菜萌发率显著降低,当甲氧咪草烟剂量为100 g a.i./hm^(2),药后0 d土壤种植的小麦、油菜及小青菜的萌发率显著降低,但在药后30 d均恢复至对照水平。当甲氧咪草烟剂量为50 g a.i./hm^(2),大麦、小麦和油菜的株鲜质量分别于药后210、120、240 d恢复至对照水平,当甲氧咪草烟剂量为100 g a.i./hm^(2),大麦和小麦的株鲜质量分别于药后240 d和150 d恢复至对照水平。当甲氧咪草烟剂量为50 g a.i./hm^(2),大麦、小麦和油菜的株高均在药后90 d恢复至对照水平,当甲氧咪草烟剂量为100 g a.i./hm^(2),大麦、小麦和油菜的株高分别于药后210、150、240 d恢复至对照水平。大田药效试验验证了甲氧咪草烟土壤残留对小麦无显著性抑制作用。[结论]根据供试作物的萌发率、株鲜质量及株高受甲氧咪草烟土壤残留的抑制情况,综合考虑种植的安全间隔期及轮作制度的时间安排,在以甲氧咪草烟为除草剂的耐咪唑啉酮类除草剂水稻的后茬作物选择上,建议播种小麦。展开更多
基金supported by the Public Welfare Industry Research Project, Ministry of Agriculture of China (201203098)the Harbin Applied Technology Research and Development Project, China (Youth Reserve Talents Class A: 2015RAQYJ009)
文摘supported by the Public Welfare Industry Research Project, Ministry of Agriculture of China （201203098）;the Harbin Applied Technology Research and Development Project, China （Youth Reserve Talents Class A： 2015RAQYJ009）
文摘为明确甲氧咪草烟、三氟羧草醚的联合作用效果和25%甲氧咪草烟·三氟羧草醚可溶性液剂对花生田杂草的防除效果以及对花生的安全性。采用茎叶喷雾法测定2种除草剂室内联合作用类型,并对筛选的25%甲氧咪草烟·三氟羧草醚可溶性液剂进行田间药效试验。结果表明,甲氧咪草烟、三氟羧草醚以1∶4复配对花生田一年生杂草狗尾草、马齿苋的联合作用表现为增效作用,25%甲氧咪草烟·三氟羧草醚可溶性液剂的推荐使用剂量为187.5~225.0 g a.i./hm^(2),药后45 d对狗尾草、稗、马齿苋等杂草的总鲜重防效可达到93.53%~96.65%。表明甲氧咪草烟、三氟羧草醚复配互补性强,对狗尾草、稗、马齿苋等杂草增效作用明显,25%甲氧咪草烟·三氟羧草醚可溶性液剂能够有效防除花生田一年生杂草,并对花生安全。
文摘Sponge plant is an emerging threat that has spread throughout California including the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, which is an important water resource for agriculture as well as critical habitat for a variety of threatened and endangered species. More data are needed on effective control methods for this spreading invader, as current management practices are not preventing proliferation. The overall objectives of this research were to evaluate imazamox, penoxsulam, topramezone, florpyrauxifen-benzyl, and carfentrazone-ethyl for control of sponge plant using three testing scales, as well as compare image analysis software to traditional biomass response for measuring herbicide performance. Overall, 280 g imazamox ha−1 (with one-percent methylated seed oil surfactant) was found as a potent solution for all different growth stages of sponge plant, and 70 g penoxsulam ha−1 as an alternative for control of sponge plant in the seedling and rosette growth stage. The image analysis software yielded similar measurement of herbicide effects as traditional biomass measure. Mesocosm testing indicated imazamox treatment sites should be inspected at four week intervals to identify plants missed by prior applications. This research provides water resource managers critical information for identification of an aquatic invasive species, and selecting an effective rapid management program.
文摘[目的]明确甲氧咪草烟对耐咪唑啉酮类除草剂水稻金粳818的后茬作物生长的影响。[方法]采用室内模拟大田的方法评价甲氧咪草烟的土壤残留对水稻后茬作物大麦、小麦、油菜及小青菜的萌发率、株鲜质量及株高影响,通过大田药效试验测定其残留对小麦的安全性。[结果]当甲氧咪草烟剂量为50 g a.i./hm^(2),药后0 d土壤种植的油菜萌发率显著降低,当甲氧咪草烟剂量为100 g a.i./hm^(2),药后0 d土壤种植的小麦、油菜及小青菜的萌发率显著降低,但在药后30 d均恢复至对照水平。当甲氧咪草烟剂量为50 g a.i./hm^(2),大麦、小麦和油菜的株鲜质量分别于药后210、120、240 d恢复至对照水平,当甲氧咪草烟剂量为100 g a.i./hm^(2),大麦和小麦的株鲜质量分别于药后240 d和150 d恢复至对照水平。当甲氧咪草烟剂量为50 g a.i./hm^(2),大麦、小麦和油菜的株高均在药后90 d恢复至对照水平,当甲氧咪草烟剂量为100 g a.i./hm^(2),大麦、小麦和油菜的株高分别于药后210、150、240 d恢复至对照水平。大田药效试验验证了甲氧咪草烟土壤残留对小麦无显著性抑制作用。[结论]根据供试作物的萌发率、株鲜质量及株高受甲氧咪草烟土壤残留的抑制情况,综合考虑种植的安全间隔期及轮作制度的时间安排,在以甲氧咪草烟为除草剂的耐咪唑啉酮类除草剂水稻的后茬作物选择上,建议播种小麦。
