SPSS13.0 was used to process the data of the 1-6 batch of key cultural relic conservation units promulgated by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China;and multi-element evaluation method was used to cal...SPSS13.0 was used to process the data of the 1-6 batch of key cultural relic conservation units promulgated by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China;and multi-element evaluation method was used to calculate the composite distribution index.The spatial distribution of cultural relics of provinces in China can be divided into four grades,namely:very rich areas,rich areas,poor areas and very poor areas;the article analyzes the characteristics of cultural resources in spatial and temporal distribution.The paper holds that(1)the distribution of China's cultural relic tourism resources is relatively concentrated,different sharply from region to region,with more Han nation's heritage,less relics of the ethnic minorities;(2) Henan,Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi Province are the main regions with heavy distribution of cultural resources;(3) relics appeared in specific time periods in China's history.Ming and Qing Dynasties,Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties,Song,Liao and Jin,the Western Han,Shang and Zhou dynasties,the New Stone Age are the major periods producing more cultural relics.This paper also analyzes relationships of the emergence of cultural relics with production technology,specific historical process,specific geographical location,political system,religion,national culture,customs,architectural styles and techniques of the traditional cultural educational system.Finally,the paper discusses the development and protection of heritage.展开更多
A statistics show that China lost more than 10 million cultural relics after the Opium War in 1840. Following the return of 361 pieces of Chinese cultural relics by the United States, Italy has recently returned 796 p...A statistics show that China lost more than 10 million cultural relics after the Opium War in 1840. Following the return of 361 pieces of Chinese cultural relics by the United States, Italy has recently returned 796 pieces of lost Chinese cultural relics and artworks, demonstrating the efforts and effectiveness of exchanges and cooperation in international cultural relics protection.展开更多
Paper-based relics as important carriers of human history and civilization have been facing severe damage problems,and their protection is a major project for cultural heritage restoration.So far,safe,high-efficiency,...Paper-based relics as important carriers of human history and civilization have been facing severe damage problems,and their protection is a major project for cultural heritage restoration.So far,safe,high-efficiency,and multifunctional protection materials are still urgent to be developed.Herein,through screening a series of alkaline nano-oxides and cleverly combining the advantages of modified natural polymer(quaternized chitosan)and inorganic nanomaterials(Zn O),we successfully prepared their functional nanocomposites with multiple properties and pioneered their smart application for multifunctional protection of paper relics.By spraying loads,this kind of nanocomposites can effectively and safely inhibit the acid degradation of paper relics and long-term maintain a natural or weak basic state even under harsh accelerated aging conditions.Meanwhile,the coating of nanocomposites does not change the chromatic aberration but partially improves the hydrophobicity.Moreover,the mechanical properties of paper relics are reinforced up to more than one time for all-around tensile strength,folding endurance,and tearing strength.It is worth noting that the usage of nanocomposites can avoid the discoloration or fading of p H-sensitive pigments/dyes and prevent the blue/red inks from ink-spreading.By integrating the anti-microorganism effects of the two components,the nanocomposites have exhibited a broad antimicrobial capacity for both fungi(e.g.,Plectosphaerella cucumerina and Aspergillus unguis)and bacteria(e.g.,Staphylococcus aureus).The acquired knowledge not only represents an advanced step for designing functionalized inorganic/polymer nanocomposite but also sheds light on the multi-functional integrated protection of paperbased relics.展开更多
Peking Union Medical College(PUMC),as the representative work of Chinese modern architecture,has had a great impact on the development of Chinese modern architecture.Its advanced and complete concealed works contain g...Peking Union Medical College(PUMC),as the representative work of Chinese modern architecture,has had a great impact on the development of Chinese modern architecture.Its advanced and complete concealed works contain great value and are valuable materials for the study of Chinese modern architecture.This paper studies the concealed works of PUMC,enriches the research data in this field,and summarizes the transformation design scheme of concealed works in the protection and repair of ancient buildings of PUMC.展开更多
Since the establishment of treaty ports in the mid-19th century,the urban development of many Chinese cities,and notably of Shanghai,has been heavily influenced by global economic flows and global urban and architectu...Since the establishment of treaty ports in the mid-19th century,the urban development of many Chinese cities,and notably of Shanghai,has been heavily influenced by global economic flows and global urban and architectural practices.In Shanghai,extensive lilong neighbourhoods stand as remnants of the treaty port era.Many of these historic districts are in close proximity to rapidly transforming areas of the city,creating civic tension around demolition,conservation and the redevelopment of colonial heritage.Examining the listed Bugaoli community in Shanghai’s old French Concession,the heritage strategies applied under the particular Cultural Relics Protection System(CRPS),and the discourse of local residents interviewed in the context of this project,this paper reveals the paradoxes around urban heritage conservation and urban development by considering three different temporalities:legislative time,economic time and citizen time.The paper argues that actors involved in heritage practices should consider both space and time related issues in urban heritage conservation.Historic communities such as Bugaoli experience conflicts between conservation and the demands of everyday life.They underline and require a heritage strategy that acknowledges diverse temporalities and balances legal norms,economic interests and the public’s demands.展开更多
基金supported by Science Research Program of Hainan Provincial Education Bureau (Grant No Hj2008-79)funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 40963001, 40061003, 40661013)Key Course Program of Natural Geography of Hainan Normal University and First-degree Course Program of Geographical Science of Hainan Province
文摘SPSS13.0 was used to process the data of the 1-6 batch of key cultural relic conservation units promulgated by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China;and multi-element evaluation method was used to calculate the composite distribution index.The spatial distribution of cultural relics of provinces in China can be divided into four grades,namely:very rich areas,rich areas,poor areas and very poor areas;the article analyzes the characteristics of cultural resources in spatial and temporal distribution.The paper holds that(1)the distribution of China's cultural relic tourism resources is relatively concentrated,different sharply from region to region,with more Han nation's heritage,less relics of the ethnic minorities;(2) Henan,Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi Province are the main regions with heavy distribution of cultural resources;(3) relics appeared in specific time periods in China's history.Ming and Qing Dynasties,Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties,Song,Liao and Jin,the Western Han,Shang and Zhou dynasties,the New Stone Age are the major periods producing more cultural relics.This paper also analyzes relationships of the emergence of cultural relics with production technology,specific historical process,specific geographical location,political system,religion,national culture,customs,architectural styles and techniques of the traditional cultural educational system.Finally,the paper discusses the development and protection of heritage.
文摘A statistics show that China lost more than 10 million cultural relics after the Opium War in 1840. Following the return of 361 pieces of Chinese cultural relics by the United States, Italy has recently returned 796 pieces of lost Chinese cultural relics and artworks, demonstrating the efforts and effectiveness of exchanges and cooperation in international cultural relics protection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22175040)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.21ZR1405100)+1 种基金the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green PapermakingQilu University of Technology,Shandong Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.GZKF202109,GZKF202210)。
文摘Paper-based relics as important carriers of human history and civilization have been facing severe damage problems,and their protection is a major project for cultural heritage restoration.So far,safe,high-efficiency,and multifunctional protection materials are still urgent to be developed.Herein,through screening a series of alkaline nano-oxides and cleverly combining the advantages of modified natural polymer(quaternized chitosan)and inorganic nanomaterials(Zn O),we successfully prepared their functional nanocomposites with multiple properties and pioneered their smart application for multifunctional protection of paper relics.By spraying loads,this kind of nanocomposites can effectively and safely inhibit the acid degradation of paper relics and long-term maintain a natural or weak basic state even under harsh accelerated aging conditions.Meanwhile,the coating of nanocomposites does not change the chromatic aberration but partially improves the hydrophobicity.Moreover,the mechanical properties of paper relics are reinforced up to more than one time for all-around tensile strength,folding endurance,and tearing strength.It is worth noting that the usage of nanocomposites can avoid the discoloration or fading of p H-sensitive pigments/dyes and prevent the blue/red inks from ink-spreading.By integrating the anti-microorganism effects of the two components,the nanocomposites have exhibited a broad antimicrobial capacity for both fungi(e.g.,Plectosphaerella cucumerina and Aspergillus unguis)and bacteria(e.g.,Staphylococcus aureus).The acquired knowledge not only represents an advanced step for designing functionalized inorganic/polymer nanocomposite but also sheds light on the multi-functional integrated protection of paperbased relics.
文摘Peking Union Medical College(PUMC),as the representative work of Chinese modern architecture,has had a great impact on the development of Chinese modern architecture.Its advanced and complete concealed works contain great value and are valuable materials for the study of Chinese modern architecture.This paper studies the concealed works of PUMC,enriches the research data in this field,and summarizes the transformation design scheme of concealed works in the protection and repair of ancient buildings of PUMC.
文摘Since the establishment of treaty ports in the mid-19th century,the urban development of many Chinese cities,and notably of Shanghai,has been heavily influenced by global economic flows and global urban and architectural practices.In Shanghai,extensive lilong neighbourhoods stand as remnants of the treaty port era.Many of these historic districts are in close proximity to rapidly transforming areas of the city,creating civic tension around demolition,conservation and the redevelopment of colonial heritage.Examining the listed Bugaoli community in Shanghai’s old French Concession,the heritage strategies applied under the particular Cultural Relics Protection System(CRPS),and the discourse of local residents interviewed in the context of this project,this paper reveals the paradoxes around urban heritage conservation and urban development by considering three different temporalities:legislative time,economic time and citizen time.The paper argues that actors involved in heritage practices should consider both space and time related issues in urban heritage conservation.Historic communities such as Bugaoli experience conflicts between conservation and the demands of everyday life.They underline and require a heritage strategy that acknowledges diverse temporalities and balances legal norms,economic interests and the public’s demands.
