AIM:To investigate systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),and plateletto-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)levels in patients with type 2 diabetes at different stages of diabetic retinopathy(DR...AIM:To investigate systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),and plateletto-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)levels in patients with type 2 diabetes at different stages of diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:This retrospective study included 141 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM):45 without diabetic retinopathy(NDR),47 with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR),and 49 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).Complete blood counts were obtained,and NLR,PLR,and SII were calculated.The study analysed the ability of inflammatory markers to predict DR using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.The relationships between DR stages and SII,PLR,and NLP were assessed using multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS:The average NLR,PLR,and SII were higher in the PDR group than in the NPDR group(P=0.011,0.043,0.009,respectively);higher in the NPDR group than in the NDR group(P<0.001 for all);and higher in the PDR group than in the NDR group(P<0.001 for all).In the ROC curve analysis,the NLR,PLR,and SII were significant predictors of DR(P<0.001 for all).The highest area under the curve(AUC)was for the PLR(0.929 for PLR,0.925 for SII,and 0.821 for NLR).Multivariate regression analysis indicated that NLR,PLR,and SII were statistically significantly positive and independent predictors for the DR stages in patients with DM[odds ratio(OR)=1.122,95%confidence interval(CI):0.200–2.043,P<0.05;OR=0.038,95%CI:0.018–0.058,P<0.05;OR=0.007,95%CI:0.001–0.01,P<0.05,respectively).CONCLUSION:The NLR,PLR,and SII may be used as predictors of DR.展开更多
Introduction: Autoimmune blistering skin disorders such as Bullous Pemphigoid and Pemphigus Vulgaris present diagnostic challenges. The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), a...Introduction: Autoimmune blistering skin disorders such as Bullous Pemphigoid and Pemphigus Vulgaris present diagnostic challenges. The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), are inflammatory markers used to assess the body’s immune-inflammatory response. Objectives: The study aims to evaluate the significance of hematologic markers, specifically the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), as diagnostic predictors of bullous pemphigoid (BP) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV). Methods: A retrospective study of 64 patients (36 with BP and 28 with PV). Patient clinical data: age, gender, complete blood count, autoimmune antibody levels (Dsg1, 3 and BP180, 230), IgE and C-reactive protein, and history of hypertension, diabetes, brain infarction, and coronary heart disease. The data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: The study involved 36 (56.3%) diagnosed with bullous pemphigoid (BP) and 28 (43.75%) with pemphigus vulgaris (PV). The average age in BP was 71 ± 8 and 52 ± 13 in PV. Laboratory findings showed high levels of Dsg1, Dsg3, neutrophil count, and lymphocyte count in PV, while high levels of eosinophils with a significant increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) in BP. Blood biomarkers, including NLR, PLR, SII, MPV, CRP, and IgE, proved an overall of 84.4% in disease prediction. Dsg1, Dsg3, BP180, and BP230 showed an overall of 88.1%. No significant relationship was noted between NLR, SII, and patients with comorbidities. Conclusion: The study highlights the diagnostic potential of SII and NLR in addition to hematologic markers in BP and PV, emphasizing their role in early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions, requiring further validation in larger patient cohorts.展开更多
BACKGROUND The inverse association between systemic immune-inammation index(SII)and overall survival in tumors has been studied.AIM To evaluate the hematological indexes for assessing the activity of ulcerative colit...BACKGROUND The inverse association between systemic immune-inammation index(SII)and overall survival in tumors has been studied.AIM To evaluate the hematological indexes for assessing the activity of ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS In this case-control study,172 UC patients and healthy participants were included.Comparisons were made among groups of white blood cells,hemoglobin,platelets,neutrophils,lymphocytes,monocytes,SII,neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio(NLR),and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR).The relationship with hematological inflammation was verified by Spearman correlation analyses.The efficiency of SII,NLR,and PLR for distinguishing between UC and severe disease status was assessed by the receiver operator curve and logistic regression analyses.RESULTS The values of SII,NLR,and PLR were higher in UC patients than in controls(P<0.001)and were positively correlated with the Mayo endoscopic score,extent,Degree of Ulcerative Colitis Burden of Luminal Inflammation(DUBLIN)score,and Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity(UCEIS).The cut-off NLR value of 562.22 predicted UC with a sensitivity of 79.65%and a specificity of 76.16%.Logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with SII and NLR levels above the median had a significantly higher risk of UC(P<0.05).Risk factors independently associated with DUBLIN≥3 included SII≥1776.80[odds ratio(OR)=11.53,P=0.027]and NLR value of 2.67-4.23(OR=2.96,P=0.047)on multivariate analysis.Compared with the first quartile,SII≥1776.80 was an independent predictor of UCEIS≥5(OR=18.46,P=0.012).CONCLUSION SII has a certain value in confirming UC and identifying its activity.展开更多
BACKGROUND The prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)patients following surgical resection remains poor.It is necessary to investigate effective biomarkers or prognostic models for ICC patients.AIM To inves...BACKGROUND The prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)patients following surgical resection remains poor.It is necessary to investigate effective biomarkers or prognostic models for ICC patients.AIM To investigate the prognostic effect of systemic immune-inflammation index(SII)to predict long-term outcomes in ICC patients with undergoing hepatic resection.METHODS Consecutive ICC patients who underwent initial hepatectomy with curative intent from January 2009 to September 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.Receiver-operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to determine the optimal cut-off values of SII.Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed to evaluate the discriminative ability of preoperative SII in predicting overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS).RESULTS A total of 530 patients were included and randomly divided into derivation(n=265)and validation cohort(n=265).The optimal cut-off value for SII was 450.Ata median follow-up of 18 mo(range,1-115.4 mo),317(59.8%)patients died and381(71.9%)patients experienced tumor relapse.Low SII level was associated with better OS and RFS(both P<0.05).Multivariate analyses identified multiple tumors,node invasion and high SII level as independent risk factors for OS,while multiple tumors,node invasion and high SII level were identified as independent risk factors for RFS.Validation cohort confirmed the findings of derivation cohort.CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated the feasibility of preoperative SII as a prognostic indicator for ICC.Patients with increased SII level were associated with worse OS and earlier tumor recurrence.Elevated SII level was an independent risk factor for OS and RFS in patients with ICC after hepatectomy.In the future,the SII could help stratifying patients with ICC,thus guiding therapeutic choices,especially in immunotherapy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pediatric appendicitis is a common cause of abdominal pain in children and is recognized as a significant surgical emergency.A prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential to prevent complications such as per...BACKGROUND Pediatric appendicitis is a common cause of abdominal pain in children and is recognized as a significant surgical emergency.A prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential to prevent complications such as perforation and peritonitis.AIM To investigate the predictive value of the systemic immune-inflammation index(SII)combined with the pediatric appendicitis score(PAS)for the assessment of disease severity and surgical outcomes in children aged 5 years and older with appendicitis.METHODS Clinical data of 104 children diagnosed with acute appendicitis were analyzed.The participants were categorized into the acute appendicitis group and chronic appendicitis group based on disease presentation and further stratified into the good prognosis group and poor prognosis group based on prognosis.The SII and PAS were measured,and a joint model using the combined SII and PAS was constructed to predict disease severity and surgical outcomes.RESULTS Significant differences were observed in the SII and PAS parameters between the acute appendicitis group and chronic appendicitis group.Correlation analysis showed associations among the SII,PAS,and disease severity,with the combined SII and PAS model demonstrating significant predictive value for assessing disease severity[aera under the curve(AUC)=0.914]and predicting surgical outcomes(AUC=0.857)in children aged 5 years and older with appendicitis.CONCLUSION The study findings support the potential of integrating the SII with the PAS for assessing disease severity and predicting surgical outcomes in pediatric appendicitis,indicating the clinical utility of the combined SII and PAS model in guiding clinical decision-making and optimizing surgical management strategies for pediatric patients with appendicitis.展开更多
This editorial contains comments on the article“Correlation between preoperative systemic immune inflammation index,nutritional risk index,and prognosis of radical resection of liver cancer”in a recent issue of the ...This editorial contains comments on the article“Correlation between preoperative systemic immune inflammation index,nutritional risk index,and prognosis of radical resection of liver cancer”in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.It pointed out the actuality and importance of the article and focused primarily on the underlying mechanisms making the systemic immuneinflammation index(SII)and geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI)prediction features valuable.There are few publications on both SII and GNRI together in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and patient prognosis after radical surgery.Neutrophils release cytokines,chemokines,and enzymes,degrade extracellular matrix,reduce cell adhesion,and create conditions for tumor cell invasion.Neutrophils promote the adhesion of tumor cells to endothelial cells,through physical anchoring.That results in the migration of tumor cells.Pro-angiogenic factors from platelets enhance tumor angiogenesis to meet tumor cell supply needs.Platelets can form a protective film on the surface of tumor cells.This allows avoiding blood flow damage as well as immune system attack.It also induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of tumor cells that is critical for invasiveness.High SII is also associated with macro-and microvascular invasion and increased numbers of circulating tumor cells.A high GNRI was associated with significantly better progression-free and overall survival.HCC patients are a very special population that requires increased attention.SII and GNRI have significant survival prediction value in both palliative treatment and radical surgery settings.The underlying mechanisms of their possible predictive properties lie in the field of essential cancer features.Those features provide tumor nutrition,growth,and distribution throughout the body,such as vascular invasion.On the other hand,they are tied to the possibility of patients to resist tumor progression and development of complications in both postoperative and cancer-related settings.The article is of considerable interest.It would be helpful to continue the study follow-up to 2 years and longer.External validation of the data is needed.展开更多
Purpose:Coronary no-reflow phenomenon(NRP),a common adverse complication in patients with ST-segment eleva-tion myocardial infarction(STEMI)treated by percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),is associated with poor pa...Purpose:Coronary no-reflow phenomenon(NRP),a common adverse complication in patients with ST-segment eleva-tion myocardial infarction(STEMI)treated by percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),is associated with poor patient prognosis.In this study,the correlation between the systemic immune-inflammation index(SII)and NRP in older patients with STEMI was studied,to provide a basis for early identification of high-risk patients and improve their prognosis.Materials and methods:Between January 2017 and June 2020,578 older patients with acute STEMI admitted to the Department of Cardiology of Hebei General Hospital for direct PCI treatment were selected for this retrospective study.Patients were divided into an NRP group and normal-flow group according to whether NRP occurred during the operation.Clinical data and the examination indexes of the two groups were collected.Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent predictors of NRP,and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to further analyze the ability of SII to predict NRP in older patients with STEMI.Results:Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that hypertension(OR=2.048,95%CI:1.252–3.352,P=0.004),lymphocyte count(OR=0.571,95%CI:0.368–0.885,P=0.012),platelet count(OR=1.009,95%CI:1.005–1.013,P<0.001),hemoglobin(OR=1.015,95%CI:1.003–1.028,P=0.018),multivessel disease(OR=2.237,95%CI:1.407–3.558,P=0.001),and SII≥1814(OR=3.799,95%CI:2.190–6.593,P<0.001)were independent predictors of NRP after primary PCI in older patients with STEMI.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that SII had a high predictive value for NRP(AUC=0.738;95%CI:0.686–0.790),with the best cut-off value of 1814,a sensitivity of 52.85%and a specificity of 85.71%.Conclusion:For older patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI,SII is a valid predictor of NRP.展开更多
BACKGROUND Nearly 66%of occurrences of gastric cancer(GC),which has the second-highest death rate of all cancers,arise in developing countries.In several cancers,the predictive significance of inflammatory markers has...BACKGROUND Nearly 66%of occurrences of gastric cancer(GC),which has the second-highest death rate of all cancers,arise in developing countries.In several cancers,the predictive significance of inflammatory markers has been established.AIM To identify clinical characteristics and develop a specific nomogram to determine overall survival for GC patients.METHODS Nine hundred and four GC patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2010 and January 2013 were recruited.Prognostic risk variables were screened for Cox analysis.The C index,receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve,and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the nomogram.RESULTS Tumor node metastasis stage,carcinoembryonic antigen,systemic immuneinflammation index,and age were identified as independent predictive variables by multivariate analysis.Systemic immune-inflammation index value was superior to that of other inflammatory indicators.The ROC indicated the nomogram had a higher area under the curve than other factors,and its C-index for assessing the validation and training groups of GC patients was extremely reliable.CONCLUSIONWe created a novel nomogram to forecast the prognosis of GC patients following curativegastrectomy based on blood markers and other characteristics. Both surgeons and patients canbenefit significantly from this new scoring system.展开更多
Background:Inflammation-based indexes have been used to predict survival and recurrence in cancer patients.Systemic immune-inflammation index(Sll) was reported to be associated with prognosis in some malignant tumors....Background:Inflammation-based indexes have been used to predict survival and recurrence in cancer patients.Systemic immune-inflammation index(Sll) was reported to be associated with prognosis in some malignant tumors.In the present study,we aimed to explore the association between Sll and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed data from 444 gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 1994 and December 2005.Preoperative Sll was calculated.The Chi square test or Fisher's exact test was used to determine the relationship between preoperative Sll and clinicopathologic characteristics.Overall survival(OS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the effect of Sll on OS was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to compare the predictive ability of Sll,NLR,and PLR.Results:Sll equal to or higher than 660 was significantly associated with old age,large tumor size,unfavorable Borrmann classification,advanced tumor invasion,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,advanced TNM stage,and high carcino-embryonic antigen level,high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,and high platelet-lymphocyte ratio(all P<0.05).High Sll was significantly associated with unfavorable prognosis(P<0.001) and Sll was an independent predictor for OS(P=0.015).Subgroups analysis further showed significant associations between high Sll and short OS in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ subgroups(all P<0.05).Sll was superior to NLR and PLR for predicting OS in patients with gastric cancer.Conclusion:Preoperative Sll level is an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with gastric cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inflammatory indices are considered to be potential prognostic biomarkers for patients with gastric cancer(GC).However,there is no evidence defining the prognostic significance of inflammatory indices for G...BACKGROUND Inflammatory indices are considered to be potential prognostic biomarkers for patients with gastric cancer(GC).However,there is no evidence defining the prognostic significance of inflammatory indices for GC with different tumor infiltrative pattern(INF)types.AIM To evaluate the significance of inflammatory indices and INF types in predicting the prognosis of patients with GC.METHODS A total of 962 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy were retrospectively selected for this study.Patients were categorized into the expansive growth type(INFa),the intermediate type(INFb),and the infiltrative growth type(INFc)groups.The cutoff values of inflammatory indices were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curves.The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to analyze overall survival(OS).The chi-square test was used to analyze the association between inflammatory indices and clinical characteristics.The independent risk factors for prognosis in each group were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses based on logistic regression.Nomogram models were constructed by R studio.RESULTS The INFc group had the worst OS(P<0.001).The systemic immune-inflammation index(P=0.039)and metastatic lymph node ratio(mLNR)(P=0.003)were independent risk factors for prognosis in the INFa group.The platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)(P=0.018),age(P=0.026),body mass index(P=0.003),and postsurgical tumor node metastasis(pTNM)stage(P<0.001)were independent risk factors for prognosis in the INFb group.The PLR(P=0.021),pTNM stage(P=0.028),age(P=0.021),and mLNR(P=0.002)were independent risk factors for prognosis in the INFc group.The area under the curve of the nomogram model for predicting 5-year survival in the INFa group,INFb group,and INFc group was 0.787,0.823,and 0.781,respectively.CONCLUSION The outcome of different INF types GC patients could be assessed by nomograms based on different inflammatory indices and clinicopathologic features.展开更多
Inflammation plays an essential role in the development of atherosclerosis. The initiation and growth of atherosclerotic plaques is accompanied by recruitment of inflammatory and precursor cells from the bloodstream a...Inflammation plays an essential role in the development of atherosclerosis. The initiation and growth of atherosclerotic plaques is accompanied by recruitment of inflammatory and precursor cells from the bloodstream and their differentiation towards pro-inflammatory phenotypes. This process is orchestrated by the production of a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Human arterial intima consists of structurally distinct leaflets, with a proteoglycan-rich layer lying immediately below the endothelial lining. Recent studies reveal the important role of stellate pericyte-like cells(intimal pericytes) populating the proteoglycan-rich layer in the development of atherosclerosis. During the pathologic process, intimal pericytes may participate in the recruitment of inflammatory cells by producing signalling molecules and play a role in the antigen presentation. Intimal pericytes are also involved in lipid accumulation and the formation of foam cells. This review focuses on the role of pericytelike cells in the development of atherosclerotic lesions.展开更多
Objective:To investigate whether electroacupuncture(EA)alleviates cognitive impairment by suppressing the toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)signaling pathway,which triggers immune-infl...Objective:To investigate whether electroacupuncture(EA)alleviates cognitive impairment by suppressing the toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)signaling pathway,which triggers immune-inflammatory responses in the hippocampus of rats with vascular dementia(VaD).Methods:The experiments were conducted in 3 parts and in total the Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 8 groups by a random number table,including sham,four-vessel occlusion(4-VO),4-VO+EA,4-VO+non-EA,sham+EA,4-VO+lipopolysaccharide(LPS),4-VO+LPS+EA,and 4-VO+TAK-242 groups.The VaD model was established by the 4-VO method.Seven days later,rats were treated with EA at 5 acupoints of Baihui(DV 20),Danzhong(RN 17),Geshu(BL 17),Qihai(RN 6)and Sanyinjiao(SP 6),once per day for 3 consecutive weeks.Lymphocyte subsets,lymphocyte transformation rates,and inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)were measured to assess immune function and inflammation in VaD rats.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of nerve cells in the hippocampus.The levels of TLR4,MyD88,IL-6,and TNF-αwere detected after EA treatment.TLR4/MyD88 signaling and cognitive function were also assessed after intracerebroventricular injection of TLR4 antagonist TAK-242 or TLR4 agonist LPS with or without EA.Results:Compared with the 4-VO group,EA notably improved immune function of rats in the 4-VO+EA group,inhibited the protein and mRNA expressions of TLR4 and MyD88 in the hippocampus of rats,reduced the expressions of serum IL-6 and TNF-α(all P<0.05 or P<0.01),and led to neuronal repair in the hippocampus.There were no significant differences between the 4-VO+LPS+EA and 4-VO+EA groups,nor between the 4-VO+TAK-242 and 4-VO+EA groups(P>0.05).Conclusions:EA attenuated cognitive impairment associated with immune inflammation by inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.Thus,EA may be a promising alternative therapy for the treatment of VaD.展开更多
基金Affiliated Jinling Hospital,Medical School of Nanjing University(No.22JCYYYB29).
文摘AIM:To investigate systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),and plateletto-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)levels in patients with type 2 diabetes at different stages of diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:This retrospective study included 141 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM):45 without diabetic retinopathy(NDR),47 with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR),and 49 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).Complete blood counts were obtained,and NLR,PLR,and SII were calculated.The study analysed the ability of inflammatory markers to predict DR using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.The relationships between DR stages and SII,PLR,and NLP were assessed using multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS:The average NLR,PLR,and SII were higher in the PDR group than in the NPDR group(P=0.011,0.043,0.009,respectively);higher in the NPDR group than in the NDR group(P<0.001 for all);and higher in the PDR group than in the NDR group(P<0.001 for all).In the ROC curve analysis,the NLR,PLR,and SII were significant predictors of DR(P<0.001 for all).The highest area under the curve(AUC)was for the PLR(0.929 for PLR,0.925 for SII,and 0.821 for NLR).Multivariate regression analysis indicated that NLR,PLR,and SII were statistically significantly positive and independent predictors for the DR stages in patients with DM[odds ratio(OR)=1.122,95%confidence interval(CI):0.200–2.043,P<0.05;OR=0.038,95%CI:0.018–0.058,P<0.05;OR=0.007,95%CI:0.001–0.01,P<0.05,respectively).CONCLUSION:The NLR,PLR,and SII may be used as predictors of DR.
文摘Introduction: Autoimmune blistering skin disorders such as Bullous Pemphigoid and Pemphigus Vulgaris present diagnostic challenges. The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), are inflammatory markers used to assess the body’s immune-inflammatory response. Objectives: The study aims to evaluate the significance of hematologic markers, specifically the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), as diagnostic predictors of bullous pemphigoid (BP) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV). Methods: A retrospective study of 64 patients (36 with BP and 28 with PV). Patient clinical data: age, gender, complete blood count, autoimmune antibody levels (Dsg1, 3 and BP180, 230), IgE and C-reactive protein, and history of hypertension, diabetes, brain infarction, and coronary heart disease. The data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: The study involved 36 (56.3%) diagnosed with bullous pemphigoid (BP) and 28 (43.75%) with pemphigus vulgaris (PV). The average age in BP was 71 ± 8 and 52 ± 13 in PV. Laboratory findings showed high levels of Dsg1, Dsg3, neutrophil count, and lymphocyte count in PV, while high levels of eosinophils with a significant increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) in BP. Blood biomarkers, including NLR, PLR, SII, MPV, CRP, and IgE, proved an overall of 84.4% in disease prediction. Dsg1, Dsg3, BP180, and BP230 showed an overall of 88.1%. No significant relationship was noted between NLR, SII, and patients with comorbidities. Conclusion: The study highlights the diagnostic potential of SII and NLR in addition to hematologic markers in BP and PV, emphasizing their role in early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions, requiring further validation in larger patient cohorts.
文摘BACKGROUND The inverse association between systemic immune-inammation index(SII)and overall survival in tumors has been studied.AIM To evaluate the hematological indexes for assessing the activity of ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS In this case-control study,172 UC patients and healthy participants were included.Comparisons were made among groups of white blood cells,hemoglobin,platelets,neutrophils,lymphocytes,monocytes,SII,neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio(NLR),and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR).The relationship with hematological inflammation was verified by Spearman correlation analyses.The efficiency of SII,NLR,and PLR for distinguishing between UC and severe disease status was assessed by the receiver operator curve and logistic regression analyses.RESULTS The values of SII,NLR,and PLR were higher in UC patients than in controls(P<0.001)and were positively correlated with the Mayo endoscopic score,extent,Degree of Ulcerative Colitis Burden of Luminal Inflammation(DUBLIN)score,and Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity(UCEIS).The cut-off NLR value of 562.22 predicted UC with a sensitivity of 79.65%and a specificity of 76.16%.Logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with SII and NLR levels above the median had a significantly higher risk of UC(P<0.05).Risk factors independently associated with DUBLIN≥3 included SII≥1776.80[odds ratio(OR)=11.53,P=0.027]and NLR value of 2.67-4.23(OR=2.96,P=0.047)on multivariate analysis.Compared with the first quartile,SII≥1776.80 was an independent predictor of UCEIS≥5(OR=18.46,P=0.012).CONCLUSION SII has a certain value in confirming UC and identifying its activity.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81972747,No.81872004,No.81800564,No.81770615,No.81700555 and No.81672882the Science and Technology Support Program of Sichuan Province,No.2019YFQ0001,No.2018SZ0115 and No.2017SZ0003+1 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Tibet Autonomous Region,No.XZ201801-GB-02the 1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,No.ZYJC18008.
文摘BACKGROUND The prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)patients following surgical resection remains poor.It is necessary to investigate effective biomarkers or prognostic models for ICC patients.AIM To investigate the prognostic effect of systemic immune-inflammation index(SII)to predict long-term outcomes in ICC patients with undergoing hepatic resection.METHODS Consecutive ICC patients who underwent initial hepatectomy with curative intent from January 2009 to September 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.Receiver-operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to determine the optimal cut-off values of SII.Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed to evaluate the discriminative ability of preoperative SII in predicting overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS).RESULTS A total of 530 patients were included and randomly divided into derivation(n=265)and validation cohort(n=265).The optimal cut-off value for SII was 450.Ata median follow-up of 18 mo(range,1-115.4 mo),317(59.8%)patients died and381(71.9%)patients experienced tumor relapse.Low SII level was associated with better OS and RFS(both P<0.05).Multivariate analyses identified multiple tumors,node invasion and high SII level as independent risk factors for OS,while multiple tumors,node invasion and high SII level were identified as independent risk factors for RFS.Validation cohort confirmed the findings of derivation cohort.CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated the feasibility of preoperative SII as a prognostic indicator for ICC.Patients with increased SII level were associated with worse OS and earlier tumor recurrence.Elevated SII level was an independent risk factor for OS and RFS in patients with ICC after hepatectomy.In the future,the SII could help stratifying patients with ICC,thus guiding therapeutic choices,especially in immunotherapy.
文摘BACKGROUND Pediatric appendicitis is a common cause of abdominal pain in children and is recognized as a significant surgical emergency.A prompt and accurate diagnosis is essential to prevent complications such as perforation and peritonitis.AIM To investigate the predictive value of the systemic immune-inflammation index(SII)combined with the pediatric appendicitis score(PAS)for the assessment of disease severity and surgical outcomes in children aged 5 years and older with appendicitis.METHODS Clinical data of 104 children diagnosed with acute appendicitis were analyzed.The participants were categorized into the acute appendicitis group and chronic appendicitis group based on disease presentation and further stratified into the good prognosis group and poor prognosis group based on prognosis.The SII and PAS were measured,and a joint model using the combined SII and PAS was constructed to predict disease severity and surgical outcomes.RESULTS Significant differences were observed in the SII and PAS parameters between the acute appendicitis group and chronic appendicitis group.Correlation analysis showed associations among the SII,PAS,and disease severity,with the combined SII and PAS model demonstrating significant predictive value for assessing disease severity[aera under the curve(AUC)=0.914]and predicting surgical outcomes(AUC=0.857)in children aged 5 years and older with appendicitis.CONCLUSION The study findings support the potential of integrating the SII with the PAS for assessing disease severity and predicting surgical outcomes in pediatric appendicitis,indicating the clinical utility of the combined SII and PAS model in guiding clinical decision-making and optimizing surgical management strategies for pediatric patients with appendicitis.
文摘This editorial contains comments on the article“Correlation between preoperative systemic immune inflammation index,nutritional risk index,and prognosis of radical resection of liver cancer”in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.It pointed out the actuality and importance of the article and focused primarily on the underlying mechanisms making the systemic immuneinflammation index(SII)and geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI)prediction features valuable.There are few publications on both SII and GNRI together in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and patient prognosis after radical surgery.Neutrophils release cytokines,chemokines,and enzymes,degrade extracellular matrix,reduce cell adhesion,and create conditions for tumor cell invasion.Neutrophils promote the adhesion of tumor cells to endothelial cells,through physical anchoring.That results in the migration of tumor cells.Pro-angiogenic factors from platelets enhance tumor angiogenesis to meet tumor cell supply needs.Platelets can form a protective film on the surface of tumor cells.This allows avoiding blood flow damage as well as immune system attack.It also induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of tumor cells that is critical for invasiveness.High SII is also associated with macro-and microvascular invasion and increased numbers of circulating tumor cells.A high GNRI was associated with significantly better progression-free and overall survival.HCC patients are a very special population that requires increased attention.SII and GNRI have significant survival prediction value in both palliative treatment and radical surgery settings.The underlying mechanisms of their possible predictive properties lie in the field of essential cancer features.Those features provide tumor nutrition,growth,and distribution throughout the body,such as vascular invasion.On the other hand,they are tied to the possibility of patients to resist tumor progression and development of complications in both postoperative and cancer-related settings.The article is of considerable interest.It would be helpful to continue the study follow-up to 2 years and longer.External validation of the data is needed.
文摘Purpose:Coronary no-reflow phenomenon(NRP),a common adverse complication in patients with ST-segment eleva-tion myocardial infarction(STEMI)treated by percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),is associated with poor patient prognosis.In this study,the correlation between the systemic immune-inflammation index(SII)and NRP in older patients with STEMI was studied,to provide a basis for early identification of high-risk patients and improve their prognosis.Materials and methods:Between January 2017 and June 2020,578 older patients with acute STEMI admitted to the Department of Cardiology of Hebei General Hospital for direct PCI treatment were selected for this retrospective study.Patients were divided into an NRP group and normal-flow group according to whether NRP occurred during the operation.Clinical data and the examination indexes of the two groups were collected.Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent predictors of NRP,and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to further analyze the ability of SII to predict NRP in older patients with STEMI.Results:Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that hypertension(OR=2.048,95%CI:1.252–3.352,P=0.004),lymphocyte count(OR=0.571,95%CI:0.368–0.885,P=0.012),platelet count(OR=1.009,95%CI:1.005–1.013,P<0.001),hemoglobin(OR=1.015,95%CI:1.003–1.028,P=0.018),multivessel disease(OR=2.237,95%CI:1.407–3.558,P=0.001),and SII≥1814(OR=3.799,95%CI:2.190–6.593,P<0.001)were independent predictors of NRP after primary PCI in older patients with STEMI.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that SII had a high predictive value for NRP(AUC=0.738;95%CI:0.686–0.790),with the best cut-off value of 1814,a sensitivity of 52.85%and a specificity of 85.71%.Conclusion:For older patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI,SII is a valid predictor of NRP.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,No.2108085QH337.
文摘BACKGROUND Nearly 66%of occurrences of gastric cancer(GC),which has the second-highest death rate of all cancers,arise in developing countries.In several cancers,the predictive significance of inflammatory markers has been established.AIM To identify clinical characteristics and develop a specific nomogram to determine overall survival for GC patients.METHODS Nine hundred and four GC patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2010 and January 2013 were recruited.Prognostic risk variables were screened for Cox analysis.The C index,receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve,and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the nomogram.RESULTS Tumor node metastasis stage,carcinoembryonic antigen,systemic immuneinflammation index,and age were identified as independent predictive variables by multivariate analysis.Systemic immune-inflammation index value was superior to that of other inflammatory indicators.The ROC indicated the nomogram had a higher area under the curve than other factors,and its C-index for assessing the validation and training groups of GC patients was extremely reliable.CONCLUSIONWe created a novel nomogram to forecast the prognosis of GC patients following curativegastrectomy based on blood markers and other characteristics. Both surgeons and patients canbenefit significantly from this new scoring system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81372341)the PhD Start-up Fund of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2014A030310111)the"3&3"project of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
文摘Background:Inflammation-based indexes have been used to predict survival and recurrence in cancer patients.Systemic immune-inflammation index(Sll) was reported to be associated with prognosis in some malignant tumors.In the present study,we aimed to explore the association between Sll and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed data from 444 gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 1994 and December 2005.Preoperative Sll was calculated.The Chi square test or Fisher's exact test was used to determine the relationship between preoperative Sll and clinicopathologic characteristics.Overall survival(OS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the effect of Sll on OS was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to compare the predictive ability of Sll,NLR,and PLR.Results:Sll equal to or higher than 660 was significantly associated with old age,large tumor size,unfavorable Borrmann classification,advanced tumor invasion,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,advanced TNM stage,and high carcino-embryonic antigen level,high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,and high platelet-lymphocyte ratio(all P<0.05).High Sll was significantly associated with unfavorable prognosis(P<0.001) and Sll was an independent predictor for OS(P=0.015).Subgroups analysis further showed significant associations between high Sll and short OS in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ subgroups(all P<0.05).Sll was superior to NLR and PLR for predicting OS in patients with gastric cancer.Conclusion:Preoperative Sll level is an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with gastric cancer.
基金Supported by the Harbin Science and Technology Bureau Research and Development Project of Applied Technology,No. 2017RAXXJ054Nn 10 Program of Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital,No. Nn 10 PY 2017-03
文摘BACKGROUND Inflammatory indices are considered to be potential prognostic biomarkers for patients with gastric cancer(GC).However,there is no evidence defining the prognostic significance of inflammatory indices for GC with different tumor infiltrative pattern(INF)types.AIM To evaluate the significance of inflammatory indices and INF types in predicting the prognosis of patients with GC.METHODS A total of 962 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy were retrospectively selected for this study.Patients were categorized into the expansive growth type(INFa),the intermediate type(INFb),and the infiltrative growth type(INFc)groups.The cutoff values of inflammatory indices were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curves.The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to analyze overall survival(OS).The chi-square test was used to analyze the association between inflammatory indices and clinical characteristics.The independent risk factors for prognosis in each group were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses based on logistic regression.Nomogram models were constructed by R studio.RESULTS The INFc group had the worst OS(P<0.001).The systemic immune-inflammation index(P=0.039)and metastatic lymph node ratio(mLNR)(P=0.003)were independent risk factors for prognosis in the INFa group.The platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)(P=0.018),age(P=0.026),body mass index(P=0.003),and postsurgical tumor node metastasis(pTNM)stage(P<0.001)were independent risk factors for prognosis in the INFb group.The PLR(P=0.021),pTNM stage(P=0.028),age(P=0.021),and mLNR(P=0.002)were independent risk factors for prognosis in the INFc group.The area under the curve of the nomogram model for predicting 5-year survival in the INFa group,INFb group,and INFc group was 0.787,0.823,and 0.781,respectively.CONCLUSION The outcome of different INF types GC patients could be assessed by nomograms based on different inflammatory indices and clinicopathologic features.
基金Supported by The Russian Scientific Foundation,Moscow,Russian Federation,No.14-15-00112
文摘Inflammation plays an essential role in the development of atherosclerosis. The initiation and growth of atherosclerotic plaques is accompanied by recruitment of inflammatory and precursor cells from the bloodstream and their differentiation towards pro-inflammatory phenotypes. This process is orchestrated by the production of a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Human arterial intima consists of structurally distinct leaflets, with a proteoglycan-rich layer lying immediately below the endothelial lining. Recent studies reveal the important role of stellate pericyte-like cells(intimal pericytes) populating the proteoglycan-rich layer in the development of atherosclerosis. During the pathologic process, intimal pericytes may participate in the recruitment of inflammatory cells by producing signalling molecules and play a role in the antigen presentation. Intimal pericytes are also involved in lipid accumulation and the formation of foam cells. This review focuses on the role of pericytelike cells in the development of atherosclerotic lesions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81960811)the Major Research Project of Innovation Group of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education(No.2018KY023)。
文摘Objective:To investigate whether electroacupuncture(EA)alleviates cognitive impairment by suppressing the toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)signaling pathway,which triggers immune-inflammatory responses in the hippocampus of rats with vascular dementia(VaD).Methods:The experiments were conducted in 3 parts and in total the Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 8 groups by a random number table,including sham,four-vessel occlusion(4-VO),4-VO+EA,4-VO+non-EA,sham+EA,4-VO+lipopolysaccharide(LPS),4-VO+LPS+EA,and 4-VO+TAK-242 groups.The VaD model was established by the 4-VO method.Seven days later,rats were treated with EA at 5 acupoints of Baihui(DV 20),Danzhong(RN 17),Geshu(BL 17),Qihai(RN 6)and Sanyinjiao(SP 6),once per day for 3 consecutive weeks.Lymphocyte subsets,lymphocyte transformation rates,and inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)were measured to assess immune function and inflammation in VaD rats.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of nerve cells in the hippocampus.The levels of TLR4,MyD88,IL-6,and TNF-αwere detected after EA treatment.TLR4/MyD88 signaling and cognitive function were also assessed after intracerebroventricular injection of TLR4 antagonist TAK-242 or TLR4 agonist LPS with or without EA.Results:Compared with the 4-VO group,EA notably improved immune function of rats in the 4-VO+EA group,inhibited the protein and mRNA expressions of TLR4 and MyD88 in the hippocampus of rats,reduced the expressions of serum IL-6 and TNF-α(all P<0.05 or P<0.01),and led to neuronal repair in the hippocampus.There were no significant differences between the 4-VO+LPS+EA and 4-VO+EA groups,nor between the 4-VO+TAK-242 and 4-VO+EA groups(P>0.05).Conclusions:EA attenuated cognitive impairment associated with immune inflammation by inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.Thus,EA may be a promising alternative therapy for the treatment of VaD.